Enterprise Labor Research Articles

Impact of outward guarantees on labour employment in enterprises

ABSTRACT Outward guarantees serve as a crucial mechanism for enterprises to uphold supply chain stability and foster financial interconnectedness. Amidst endeavours to advance high-quality, comprehensive employment and amidst the frequent occurrence of enterprise guarantee-related risks, this study employs data from Chinese A-share listed companies spanning from 2012 to 2021 to explore the influence of enterprise outward guarantee conduct on labour employment. The investigation reveals that such behaviour inhibits labour employment, a trend robust across various tests and treatments for endogeneity. Mechanism analysis indicates that enterprise outward guarantee conduct primarily curtails labour demand by heightening financing constraints and escalating operational risks. Heterogeneity analysis underscores that the dampening effect of outward guarantees on enterprise labour employment is particularly pronounced in the realms of large-scale enterprises, those reliant on labour, non-state-owned entities, and enterprises situated in central regions with abundant labour supply. These research findings offer valuable policy insights for averting enterprise external guarantee risks, thereby fostering stability in financial and employment domains.

Does transport infrastructure development inhibit firm-level employment fluctuations? Evidence from national expressway construction in China

Employment Stabilization has always been a key focus of the Chinese government's work. Exploring the influencing factors of employment stability is of great significance for promoting the realization of high-quality employment. Based on the manually collected national expressway data and the China Industrial Enterprise Database from 1998 to 2015, this paper conducts an empirical study on the impact of transportation infrastructure development on enterprise employment fluctuations using the multi-timepoint difference-in-differences method. We find that the development of expressways has a significant inhibitory effect on enterprise employment fluctuations. Compared with areas where expressways have not been opened, the opening of expressways reduces local enterprise employment fluctuations by approximately 0.9 %. The development of expressways affects the demand side or supply side of the enterprise labor force through market scale effects, labor allocation effects, etc., thereby influencing enterprise employment fluctuations. The impact of expressway development on employment fluctuations of enterprises with different ownership natures, different economic regions, and different scales varies to some extent. Finally, this paper proposes relevant policy recommendations, providing practical and effective references for coordinating and promoting the goal of Employment Stabilization under the background of the strategy of building a strong transportation country.

Party organization embedding and enterprise labor income share

This study investigates how party organization embedding affects the share of labor income in enterprises. It looks at party organization embedding from two perspectives: structural embedding and relational embedding. The study finds that party organization embedding boosts the share of labor income, with enterprise greening transformation and financing constraints playing a mediating role. The study's conclusions remain valid even after robustness and endogeneity tests. Additionally, there are differences in the impact of party organization embedding on labor income share across enterprises in different regions. The effect of party organization embedding on labor income share is more significant in the western region, and party organization embedding has a more pronounced impact on labor income share in less market-oriented environments.

Digital transformation of enterprises: Job creation or job destruction?

In recent years, the technological advancements embodied by digital technology have received significant attention from policymakers and researchers because of their profound impacts on the economy and society. In particular, the relationship between digital technology and employment continues to be a subject of considerable debate. This article focuses on the microperspective, and the causal effects and mechanisms of corporate digital transformation on labour employment are examined. With the use of data on Chinese A-share manufacturing companies from 2008– to 2019, text analysis is employed in this study to construct a comprehensive index of corporate digital transformation. We utilise a combination of fixed effects models, difference-in-differences (DiD) models, and instrumental variable methods and demonstrate that digital transformation stimulates enterprise labour demand, a conclusion that remains valid after multiple endogeneity tests and robustness assessments. The heterogeneous results indicate that nonstate-owned enterprises (non-SOEs), nonhigh-tech enterprises, enterprises with low financing constraints, and small enterprises exhibit greater employment creation effects through digital transformation. Mechanistic analysis suggests that digital transformation increases enterprise employment by increasing operational and management efficiency, profitability, and labour productivity levels. Further exploration reveals that digital transformation increases the demand for labour with varying skills and human capital upgrading in enterprises. This article, through the lens of digital technology, enriches the body of research on the nexus between technological progress and employment, provides novel insights into employment fluctuations under the digital paradigm, and outlines significant implications for countries balancing digital economy development, employment growth, and social stability.

Technological anxiety: Analysis of the impact of industrial intelligence on employment in China

Employment is the greatest livelihood. Whether the impact of industrial robotics technology materialized in machines on employment in the digital age is an “icing on the cake” or “adding fuel to the fire” needs further study. This study aims to analyze the impact of the installation and application of industrial robots on labor demand in the context of the Chinese economy. First, from the theoretical logic and the economic development law, this study gives the prior judgment and research hypothesis that industrial intelligence will increase jobs. Then, based on the panel data of 269 cities in China from 2006 to 2021, we use the two-way fixed effect model, dynamic threshold model, and two-stage intermediary effect model. The objective is to investigate the impact of industrial intelligence on enterprise labor demand and its path mechanism. Results show that the overall effect of industrial intelligence on the labor force with the installation density index of industrial robots as the proxy variable is the “creation effect”. In other words, advanced digital technology has created additional jobs, and the overall supply of employment in the labor market has increased. The conclusion is still valid after the endogeneity identification and robustness test. In addition, the positive effect has a nonlinear effect on the network scale. When the installation density of industrial robots exceeds a particular threshold value, the division of labor continues to deepen under the combined action of the production efficiency and compensation effects, which will cause enterprises to increase labor demand further. Further research showed that industrial intelligence can increase employment by promoting synergistic agglomeration and improving labor price distortions. This study concludes that in the digital China era, the introduction and installation of industrial robots by enterprises can affect the optimal allocation of the labor market. This phenomenon has essential experience and reference significance for guiding industrial digitalization and intelligent transformation and promoting the high-quality development of people’s livelihood.

Economic policy uncertainty and the demand for labor: Evidence from the online job postings of Chinese firms

This paper examines the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on labor demand. Using data from a Chinese online job posting site, this study empirically investigates how EPU affects firms' hiring behavior. The results suggest that EPU has overall negative effects. Firms tend to reduce job postings in times of increasing policy uncertainty. More particularly, the demand for skills such as teamwork, personnel management, project management, and customer service declines, while individual qualities become more important to enterprises. The study also reveals that there is a positive relationship between EPU and the educational background required in firms' job ads. Further analysis indicates that non-state-owned enterprises, those with poor internal control quality, smaller scale, greater industry competitiveness, and those in non-high-tech industries are more significantly affected by EPU in hiring. This research provides empirical support and policy recommendations for the government to maintain employment stability and stimulate enterprise labor demand.

Impact of connected dispensing technology with advanced analytics in a multicenter health system.

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of enterprise inventory optimization (EIO) technology and analytics on pharmacy labor, costs, and medication availability within a large integrated delivery network (IDN). This article describes a mixed-methods, postmarket observational study assessing the impact of a solution of disparate technologies including automated dispensing cabinets (ADCs), centralized pharmacy inventory software, and controlled substance vaults connected by an inventory optimization analytics (IOA) tool. Four study modules were implemented over a 10-month period. The intervention consisted of implementation of the IOA software, linking the disparate automated technologies. Transactional data was collected and aggregated with user perception survey data in both the pre- and postintervention periods. Descriptive and comparative statistical testing was used to assess outcomes. A total of 11 facilities with bed counts ranging between 22 and 908 beds were included in this study. At an enterprise level, users were able to complete an average of 2.8 times more periodic automated replenishment (PAR) level changes post intervention, resulting in an estimated enterprise labor avoidance of over 1 full-time equivalent (2,099 labor hours) annually. Despite an enterprise decision to increase ADC inventory on hand from a 3-day supply to a 5-day supply, 5 sites (45%) had a decrease in total inventory, while 9 sites (82%) saw a decrease in ADC inventory costs. Additionally, 7 sites (64%) saw a reduction in the ADC stockout percentage and all 11 sites (100%) saw a decrease in the central pharmacy stockout percentage post intervention. Integration and optimization of connected inventory management technology was observed to have positive impacts on improving labor productivity, reducing ADC inventory carrying costs, and increasing medication availability.

The social effects of energy regulation: Energy-consuming rights trading system and corporate labor demand

Although it is a key measure to control energy consumption and promote the improvement of industrial structure, energy market allocation reform has rarely been concerned with its impact on employment, an important livelihood issue. To fill this gap, this paper takes the Energy-Consumption Rights Trading System (ECRTS) enacted by China in 2016 as a research background and adopts the difference-in-difference approach to explore the effects and mechanisms of the ECRTS on enterprise labor demand. The results show that the ECRTS significantly reduces firms' labor demand, particularly for low-skilled workers, through both production scale effects and technological upgrading effects. Specifically, the ECRTS has led to a decrease in sales revenues and an increase in labor productivity, thereby reducing firms' labor demand. Heterogeneity tests indicate that the ECRTS has a greater impact on employment in firms with lower energy-consumption intensity, domestic capital injections, weaker innovation capacity, and lower market power. The paper also explores the welfare consequences of the policy, finding that while the ECRTS does not improve the environmental performance of firms it does not pass on the compliance costs of regulations to incumbent workers. The overall impact is neutral. This paper extends the study of the economic consequences of the ECRTS and has implications for other developing countries in reconciling energy regulation and employment.

Environmental regulation and labor demand: Evidence from China's air pollution prevention and Control Action Plan

In response to environmental regulatory pressure from the government, enterprises – as the main employers of labor – adjust their production-related choices and may alter their demand for labor. Numerous researches have probed into how environmental regulations affect the labor demand, which has emerged as a significant concern in the discourse around the adoption of environmental regulation policies. Nonetheless, many researches predominantly concentrates on the evaluation on the effects of environmental regulations on economic and environmental levels. Moreover, rare attention has been paid to how environmental regulations affect social activities, especially in terms of labor demands. As a result, the Air Pollution Prevention and Control Action Plan (APPCAP) is adopted as a “quasi-natural experiment” and a difference-in-differences model is employed to analyze the effects of the APPCAP on labor demands of companies. Hence, the 2008–2020 panel data are considered for the 3,949 Chinese A-share listed enterprises. Furthermore, this paper probes deeply into the underlying mechanisms based on mediation models. The following findings are thus concluded: (1) The labor demands of enterprises can be remarkably increased by APPCAP; and the result is still persuasive even though the endogeneity issues are taken into account. (2) APPCAP improves enterprise labor demand through the output and factor substitution effects. (3) As evidently revealed by heterogeneity analysis, the APPCAP could significant positive affect the labor demand size in state-owned companies, large-scale companies, new companies, and companies in polluting industries. (4) The APPCAP strikingly boosts the demand for labor force with high skills. Nevertheless, it exerts little influence on the demand for labor force with low skills and company salary levels. Therefore, the government must continue to steadfastly implement environmental regulatory policies but adopt different policies based on enterprise characteristics. Overall, this study provides micro-level experimental evidence for more in-depth understanding of how environmental policies affect labor market, which is particularly important for actively resolving social employment problems and exploring new growth points in enterprise employment.

NEW FACTORS AND PREREQUISITES FOR THE ECONOMIC ZONING OF RUSSIA

Economic zoning in the USSR was focused on the practical tasks, first of all, comprehensive planning for the long-term development of the national economy. In the 1990s, with the beginning of radical political and economic transformations in the country, the economic zoning lost its practical significance. However, even under market economy, the objective processes of territorial division of labor, industrial and technological connectivity of enterprises and companies still persist, as well as, agglomeration processes. Recently, new factors and prerequisites for the growing importance of economic zoning have emerged, such as the restoration of multilevel strategic planning, changes in the geopolitical situation of the country’s development and the need to achieve industrial and technological sovereignty. With this background it seems that the need to take into account the objective processes of complex formation and district formation, and to perform a new multi-level economic zoning of Russia on this basis sharply increases. The article provides a possible scheme of seven large economic regions and 22 mesorayons. The main links of production and technological chains and priority activities are identified for the large regions. Such zoning could be useful for the long-term planning of sustainable development of the country and its regions.

Use of hotel enterprise labor resources

The article discusses the issue of using the labor resources of a hotel enterprise from the perspective of their influence on the economic efficiency of the enterprise and strengthening its competitiveness in the hotel services market. Based on the analysis of theoretical approaches to the concept of "enterprise labor resources", a new definition of this concept is given in relation to the hotel enterprise. The author also examines the indicators of the use of labor resources of a hotel enterprise, thereby identifying ways to effectively use labor resources. The article has practical application for enterprises of the hotel industry of the Russian Federation.

Corporate social responsibility and labor investment efficiency: evidence from China

PurposeWe expect to provide a complete theoretical framework and large sample evidence on the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on the efficiency of labor investment. We also hope to provide micro-evidence based on labor investment behavior for the two-sided impact of corporate CSR behavior.Design/methodology/approachThis paper measures labor investment efficiency by estimating the difference between actual and expected net hiring of enterprises. CSR is measured on the basis of the CSR score of Chinese listed companies published by Hexun.com. A regression model is constructed to analyze the relationship between CSR and labor investment efficiency. Possible endogeneity problems are controlled by lagging independent variables, propensity score matching method and difference-in-difference method.FindingsResults show that CSR can improve labor investment efficiency by reducing over-hiring and under-hiring in emerging markets. The existence of the mediating effect of agency cost, information disclosure quality and employment fluctuation confirms that CSR improves labor investment efficiency through two mechanisms of corporate governance and labor market friction. The improvement effect of CSR on labor investment efficiency is more significant in non-state-owned, high CEO shareholding ratio and high-average urban wage enterprises.Originality/valueIn conclusion, our study is an important supplement to the existing research on the factors affecting labor investment efficiency. Our research conclusions will be helpful for enterprises in developing countries or enterprises in labor-intensive industries to improve labor investment inefficiency. The conclusion of the mechanism analysis in this paper provides more complete and reliable microscopic evidence for accurately identifying the specific path of CSR's impact on labor investment efficiency. This paper verifies the positive impact of CSR from the perspective of labor investment efficiency in the context of a developing country, which provides evidence for the theoretical conflicts related to CSR based on the effectiveness of enterprise labor investment decisions.

Constraints on Angolan manufacturing enterprise labour productivity improvement

Constraints on Angolan manufacturing enterprise labour productivity improvement

Constraints on Angolan manufacturing enterprise labor productivity improvement

Constraints on Angolan manufacturing enterprise labor productivity improvement

Artificial intelligence empowers enterprise innovation: evidence from China’s industrial enterprises

ABSTRACT Against the background of China’s economic transformation, it is of great practical significance to explore the impact of artificial intelligence on enterprise innovation to promote innovation-driven development strategies. Using patent data from Chinese industrial enterprises and robot data provided by the International Federation of Robotics, this study empirically tests the impact of artificial intelligence on improving the innovation abilities of Chinese enterprises. The study finds the following: (1) Artificial intelligence significantly improves enterprise innovation, and this conclusion remains valid after robustness tests. (2) Artificial intelligence optimizes the skill structure of the enterprise labour force, increases enterprise R&D expenditure, and strengthens the technology spillover effect, thus improving enterprise innovation. (3) The domestic market and the development of the Internet have further strengthened the role of artificial intelligence in promoting enterprise innovation. (4) Artificial intelligence is more helpful in promoting the innovation ability of technology-intensive, general trading, mixed trading, and non-state-owned enterprises. This study provides important policy implications for promoting the deep integration of artificial intelligence and real economy and realizing high-quality economic development.

The impact of digitalization on the division of labour in enterprises- evidence from China

ABSTRACT In the context of the accelerated development of digitalization, the rapid popularization and wide application of digital technology have become significant factors driving enterprises to participate more deeply in the division of labour. This paper examines data from 2359 A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2018, using a combination of machine learning text analysis and multiple regression analysis to construct a digital transformation index. Our research findings reveal that digital transformation has an inverted U-shaped effect on vertical specialization in enterprises’ division of labour. The present study examines the moderating effects of organizational inertia on the linear relationship between digital transformation and vertical specialization division of labour in enterprises. Additionally, the study explores the negative moderating effects of corporate strategic radicality on the inverted U-shaped relationship between the two variables. The findings of this study are significant as they provide a theoretical explanation for the impact mechanism of digital transformation development on the production organization mode of enterprises.

The effect of tax credit reporting on the efficiency of enterprise labor investment

This paper uses the data of A-share listed enterprises in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2010 to 2022 as samples for empirical analysis. The empirical research finds that tax credit reporting has A significant positive impact on the labor investment efficiency of enterprises, and this impact is achieved by reducing the internal and external financing constraints of enterprises. In addition, the heterogeneity test results show that the labor investment efficiency of private enterprises is more likely to be affected by the change of corporate tax credit rating.

Does digital transformation reduce the labor income share in enterprises?

This paper investigates the impact of firms' digital transformation on labor income share utilizing a large sample of Chinese-listed enterprises from 2003 to 2020, and we find a negative correlation between digital transformation and enterprise labor income share. The results are robust to changing variable indicators, instrumental variable approach, and Difference-in-Difference method. The impact of enterprise digital transformation on labor income share is more pronounced for industrial industry, technology-intensive, and state-owned firms. Product market competition, employee wage bargaining power, and market size are essential in the relationship between enterprise digital transformation and labor income share. This study reveals that protecting employee rights and maintaining fair competition help weaken enterprise digital transformation's negative impact on labor income share.

Новый подход к координации системы управления трудовым потенциалом предприятия

The management of the industrial personnel labor potential in conditions of uncertainty is a relevant scientific problem. The purpose of the study is to improve the coordination of the enterprise's labor potential management system. The advantage of the labor potential category is its multilevel nature, which makes it possible to study the labor potential of an individual employee as well as personnel of the enterprise as a whole. The article considers labor potential coordination management through a set of basic principles, interacting quantitative and qualitative characteristics that exhibit dynamically changing integration qualities. The specification of the principles makes it possible to ensure the coordination of the enterprise’s labor potential management system. The author identifies the factors that can be influenced by the enterprise management; specify the measurable factors, which can help the enterprise to coordinate the labor potential management system; evaluate the influence of each group of factors. The study uses the general methodological principle of the management systems of industrial enterprises study and a management survey for the diagnosis of internal problems.

Socio-economic aspects in the management of enterprise personnel development

The article presents the research results on the generalization and formation of the main features of socio-economic guidelines in managing the development of the company's personnel. The issue of the importance of social and economic guidelines in the management of enterprise personnel development was raised. It has been established that social guidelines include ensuring employees' safety and health, developing and supporting the work team, developing social guarantees, and developing corporate culture. Economic guidelines provide for the efficient use of resources, development and maintenance of competitiveness, formation of an effective motivation system, and optimization of personnel costs. It was found that motivation plays a vital role in personnel development management and is a complex indicator, the results of which depend on several variables. The enterprise's labor motivation system was considered a complete form of motivation organization. The indicators of the social and economic components of the motivation system are characterized. The methodological approach's main steps in assessing social and economic motivation are highlighted. The results of the motivational profile of the personnel of the enterprises are substantiated according to the needs: high wages, proper working conditions in a clear structuring of work, social contacts, forming and maintaining long-term and stable relationships, in gaining recognition, in achieving goals, in influencing people and the authorities, in changes and diversity, to be creative, in self-improvement, in interesting and socially useful work. The results of the personnel motivation system of the enterprises LLC AF "Viktoria", PJSC "Iskra" and SFG "Urozhai" were interpreted. Keywords: personnel management, personnel development, socio-economic management, motivation, enterprise, employee, management.