Labor Resources Research Articles

Staffing of the electric power industry of the Russian Federation under conditions of digital transformation

The article considers the problem of implementing the process of digitalization of the energy industry, using the example of the Rosseti group of companies, a partner of the state corporation Rosatom in the field of IT development, from the point of view of staffing in the current state of the labour market. The purpose of the research work is to develop relevant mechanisms, search for modern personnel management tools in the context of digital transformation of the electric grid complex of the Russian Federation. The scientific novelty of the research is reduced to the following provisions: the main directions of digitalization of an electric grid company are systematized, on the basis of which the organizational and economic mechanism of the process of digital transformation of an electric grid company is modelled; a classification of modern tools of the business process of personnel management of an electric grid company is proposed. Methodology and methods. To study trends in the digitalization process of electric grid companies, general scientific methods are used (theoretical analysis of scientific works, empirical, logical, classification and modelling methods). A review of publications is carried out, which made it possible to determine the subject area of the research work. Results. The main processes within the electric grid company that will be transformed in the process of digitalization are considered, using the example of the Rosseti Group of Companies. Taking into account the considered areas of digitalization of activities, an organizational and economic mechanism of the digitalization process of an electric grid company has been formulated, which is distinguished by the rationale for the author’s definition of digitalization on the scale of the energy industry. The role of high-quality staffing in the implementation of digital processes and activities of electric grid companies is determined and specific requirements for applicant’s characteristic of the energy industry are identified. The structure of the human resource management business process is considered, digital tools are selected for each subprocess that will help improve staffing levels and the efficiency of using labour resources of the electric grid company. Discussion. An effective personnel policy aimed at maximizing the company's staffing with qualified personnel is one of the key solutions in increasing the reliability and sustainability of the energy industry during the period of digitalization. Standard tools in the field of personnel management may not work in the context of both a demographic personnel shortage and the current migration of labour resources to the defence and military industries. Constant adaptation of the used methods and practices of personnel management is required, taking into account the digitalization of this business process and the challenges that the energy industry of the Russian Federation currently faces.

Cross‐sectional evaluation of a clinical decision support tool to identify medication‐related problems at discharge from the acute care setting

AbstractBackgroundThere are many reported pharmacist‐led transitions of care (TOC) programs to address medication‐related problems (MRP) at discharge from the acute care setting. Most have identified time and labor resources as significant limitations. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a medication risk score (MRS)‐driven clinical decision support system (CDSS) in identifying actionable MRPs and improving medication safety in the acute care discharge TOC setting.MethodsA cross‐sectional analysis was conducted in a cohort of 481 subjects discharged from the acute care setting. The MRS‐CDSS was utilized to identify MRPs and provide recommendations for risk reduction. The distribution of MRPs, recommendations, and their associations with MRS severity were analyzed. Additionally, the potential reduction in MRS per subject and its correlation with MRS severity were examined.ResultsThe median MRS reduction per subject was 2 points, while high/severe‐risk patients showed a median potential reduction of 7 points. Among the identified MRPs (n = 691), drug interaction, drug use without indication, and adverse drug reaction accounted for 89.7% of all MRPs. The top three recommendations, discontinue medication, change the time of administration, and start alternative therapy, represented 94.1% of all recommendations. Stratified analysis by MRS category revealed a significant increase in adverse drug reaction MRPs and recommendations to discontinue medications with higher MRS severity. The results were consistent with previous outpatient studies, supporting the MRS‐CDSS's ability to enhance medication safety.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the MRS‐CDSS effectively identifies actionable MRPs and has the potential to substantially reduce overall pharmacotherapy regimen risk when applied during acute care discharge TOC. The findings support implementable recommendations directed at patient safety and the allocation of health care resources to high‐risk patients for maximum benefit.

Вплив адміністративно-територіальної реформи на покращення управління персоналом у публічному управлінні

Administrative-territorial reform is a key factor in modern public administration as it directly impacts the organizational structure and functioning of state agencies at various levels of government. This article examines the impact of the administrative-territorial reform on human resource management in the public administration sector. First of all, the reform may lead to changes in the structure and competencies of state agencies, which requires revision of the processes of hiring, firing, and managing personnel. New administrative units may be created or existing ones may be reorganized, causing the need to identify and consider personnel changes. Further adaptation of personnel to new working conditions and requirements may need training, retraining, and development. In this context, it is important to ensure proper communication and involvement of personnel in the change process. The reform may also impact the systems of motivation and encouragement of personnel in the public administration sector. New requirements for efficiency and performance may be necessary to determine the system of labor remuneration and other incentives. In general, administrative-territorial reform is not only a challenge but can also be an opportunity to improve human resource management in the public administration sector if it is implemented with due attention to the needs and interests of personnel, as well as taking into account modern methods of human resource management. The article aims to study the impact of the administrative-territorial reform on the improvement of personnel management in public administration. The author shows that the main goal of the state personnel policy lies in forecasting and programming of personnel provision and determination of the strategic vision of formation, professional development, and rational use of personnel and all labor resources of Ukraine. The practical implementation of the personnel policy of the state and the organization is carried out through the personnel management function. The article emphasizes the concept of “human resource management” as a targeted activity of the organization’s management, executives, and specialists of the HR management system, which includes the development of the concept and strategy of personnel policy and principles and methods of human resource management of the organization. Keywords: public policy, management, personnel policy, personnel, human resource management system.

Проблемы реализации муниципальной социальной политики в сельских поселениях российской Арктики: пример Приморского округа Архангельской области

This article examines the challenges in shaping and developing digital competencies among the population during the transition to a digital economy, using the dominant employer in an Arctic monotown as a case study. The impact of digital technologies on the socio-economic aspects of territorial development has not been thoroughly studied, and the development of digital competencies in the population of monotowns remains underexplored and requires further research. The authors highlight the importance of addressing the development of digital competencies among employees and the digital culture of dominant employers, considering regional factors crucial for formulating development strategies for both individual companies and territories (monotowns). The goal of this study is to assess the readiness of executives, managers, and specialists at the dominant company in an Arctic monotown to implement digital processes. The key objectives are to identify and classify the preferences of these executives, managers, and specialists regarding the current level of business digitalization. Our review of studies on the topic confirmed the variation in the development of regional digital infrastructure, influenced by regional development characteristics, the specific labor resources in monotowns, and the impact of dominant employers on digital competency development. To conduct the study, a questionnaire was developed to identify the preferences of senior and middle managers at the company. Electronic document management was chosen as the focus area, as digitalization often begins with this process, leading to varied assessments by employees, including instances of opportunism. Our analysis of the responses revealed a moderate relationship between work experience and preference for electronic document management, as well as a correlation between work experience and the willingness to improve specialized competencies. There was a high overall recognition of the need for continuous development and training. The results identified key areas for digital competency development among the company’s staff.

Research Status and Development Trend of Key Technologies for Pineapple Harvesting Equipment: A Review

Pineapple harvesting is a key step in pineapple field production. At present, pineapple fruits are usually picked manually. With decreasing labor resources and increasing production costs, machines have been used instead of manual picking approaches in the modern pineapple industry. This paper briefly describes the basic situation of pineapple planting worldwide. Based on the degree of automation of mechanized pineapple harvesting equipment, the main structural forms, core technologies, and operation modes of semi-automatic, automatic, and intelligent pineapple harvesting equipment are summarized. The research status and existing problems of key pineapple fruit picking robots, such as fruit recognition, maturity classification, positioning, and separation of pineapple fruits, are analyzed. Considering the problems of pineapple harvesting equipment, such as difficulty entering the ground, low harvesting efficiency, low picking success rate, and fruit damage, innovative future research directions for mechanized pineapple harvesting technology are proposed, such as combining agricultural machinery and agronomical principles, integrating mechanized, automated, and intelligent technology, and developing modular designs and generalized approaches.

MAIN PROBLEMS OF PROVIDING REMOTE REGIONS WITH LABOR RESOURCES

MAIN PROBLEMS OF PROVIDING REMOTE REGIONS WITH LABOR RESOURCES

ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE’S COMPETITIVENESS: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF EUROPEAN INTEGRATION

The article analyzes the competitiveness of Ukraine, identifies problems and outlines the prospects and consequences of the country’s European integration aspirations. A retrospective review of the development of the country’s economic model was conducted in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation of reforms and identify errors that affected the place and role of the domestic economy in the world markets of goods and capital. This made it possible to single out certain comparative characteristics with the main theories of international trade and international investment. It was noted that unsuccessful attempts to quickly transform from a command-administrative economy to a mixed market system led to a loss of industrial potential and, accordingly, negatively affected the structure of foreign trade relations and the investment climate, which in turn led to a drop in the level of competitiveness of Ukraine. Along with this, the analysis of the key indicators of socio-economic development indicates certain positive changes in the period 2002-2012, which was reflected in the dynamics of GDP growth, an increase in incoming investment flows, stabilization of inflation at the targeted level and overall improved welfare of society. However, the uncertainty and constant change of the vector of economic integration together with the change of power led to the deterioration of the state’s economic condition and made sustainable economic growth impossible. The period of revival of business and investment activity in the post-Covid 2021 year was replaced by a deep crisis with the beginning of the war. At the same time, the aspiration of our state to join the European community nevertheless gave a powerful impetus to the implementation and implementation of innovative reforms, which made it possible to achieve certain success in the direction of digitalization, infrastructure development, and further implementation of educational, medical, and social reforms even during the conduct of military operations. Currently, on the way to European integration, Ukraine is overcoming the difficult path of transforming its economic system to the requirements and values of the EU. Our country, together with the European Union, needs to solve the issues of labor migration and refugees, the introduction of a duty-free regime for domestic goods, the creation of a safe investment climate, etc. And there is not always unity in the choice of tools for solving these issues in the EU countries. Ukraine needs to use its advantages in logistics, geographical location, labor and natural resources, develop an industrial direction, introduce modern technologies, improve its energy independence and take an active part in integration processes. Finding compromises and political will allow Ukraine to successfully reform the socio-economic model and become a full member of the EU.

Labor resources distribution by type of economic activity as a factor of population consolidation in rural areas

Subject. This article discusses the issues of ensuring employment of the rural population of the Russian Federation. Objectives. The article aims to assess the impact of infrastructure provision indicators on the total value of the distribution part of the balance of labor resources in rural areas. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of case, comparative, and correlation and regression analyses. Results. The article determines the contribution of the main types of economic activity to the formation of the employment level of the rural population. It develops multiple regression models characterizing the relationship between the number of actually employed rural population and indicators of infrastructure provision in rural areas. The article formulates recommendations for public authorities to attract and consolidate the population in rural areas. The article finds that the largest percentage of labor resources in rural areas falls on the non-production sphere. Conclusions. To consolidate and further attract the population to rural areas, significant investment in infrastructure development is needed.

Foreign Experience Managing Employees

Recently, many modern organizations in our country have begun to use foreign experience in managing employees. This process can be called internationalization in the field of modern management. Such an organization of work with employees provides for the creation of all possible models at the enterprise, as well as the use of a systematic approach to the rational use of labor resources. Management decisions made by the owners are influenced by a number of factors that neither managers nor other employees of the company can influence. These factors are related not only to the internal processes of the company, but also to the external environment. These factors affecting employee management methods reflect the priority traditions of a particular society, therefore they acquire a different nature.

EFFICIENCY MEASUREMENT IN CONSTRUCTION SECTOR USING DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS METHOD

In addition to physiological needs such as hunger and thirst, people also have shelter needs. As a result of natural disasters such as fire, flood, earthquake, epidemics and wars, people settle in different regions. The world's increasing population, epidemics and disasters show how priority and vital the construction industry is. The earthquake disaster in Turkey and the increasing migration due to wars in the border regions once again reveal how important and priority the construction sector is for Turkey. As in many other sectors, labor and financial resources must be used efficiently in the construction industry. Measuring the efficiency of construction companies operating in Turkey is very important for the current situation of the construction industry. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of ten companies on the Fortune 500 list operating in the field of construction and contracting in Turkey. The Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method is generally widely used in efficiency measurement. In the study, input-oriented CCR model and Super Efficiency (SE)-CCR model were used for efficiency analysis. For DEA analysis, "total assets" and "number of employees" were used as input variables, and "net sales" were used as output variables. According to the DEA analysis results, three of the ten companies considered as decision-making units (DMU) were efficient. Efficient companies are ranked among themselves according to the results of the SE CCR model.

Показатели качества трудовых ресурсов предприятий химико-металлургического комплекса

В статье рассматривается важность роли показателей качества трудовых ресурсов в достижении стратегических целей предприятий химико-металлургического комплекса. Рассмотрены отдельные категории работников предприятий химико-металлургического комплекса с привязкой к выполняемой трудовой функции. Дана характеристика показателям, отражающим качество трудовых ресурсов. Проанализированы постоянные и переменные показатели, а также инструменты для их возможной оценки. The article examines the importance of the role of labor resource quality indicators in achieving the strategic goals of chemical-metallurgical complex enterprises. Separate categories of employees of chemical-metallurgical complex enterprises are considered with reference to the performed job function. A description is given of indicators reflecting the quality of labor resources. Constant and variable indicators, as well as tools for their possible assessment, are analyzed.

Servitization and digital integration of manufacturing enterprises in China: Performance and strategic paths

The integration of digitalization and servitization has become a significant trend in transforming the manufacturing industry due to digital intelligence technology. This paper examines the impact of the integration of digitalization and servitization on the performance of manufacturing companies and how small-scale enterprises can promote digital transformation leading to servitization. The study involved surveying 331 manufacturing companies in China using a seven-point Likert scale questionnaire. Measurement scales were validated using confirmatory factor analysis and discriminant validity tests. Mediation analysis assessed digitalization’s impact on servitization and firm performance. The study’s findings emphasize the significant impact of digitalization and servitization on enterprises’ performance. Digitalization plays a crucial role in mediating this relationship. The study highlights three critical dimensions of digital variables, including digital technology, digital labor, and digital relationship resources, essential in enabling effective servitization. Manufacturing enterprises generally prefer aligning their technology investments and organizational changes within the digitalization framework to implement servitization successfully. The study suggests two integration strategies, namely conservative and aggressive. The finding emphasizes that the convergence of digitalization and servitization leads to a new manufacturing production mode called digital servitization.

CHANGES IN THE LEGAL FIELD OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT IN THE CURRENT CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE IN UKRAINE

For the effective development of any enterprise, organization or institution, a key aspect is the organization of work with documents, in particular with personnel documentation. Personnel documentation includes a variety of documents containing information about personnel, such as applications for acceptance, dismissal, transfer to another position, orders, autobiographies, characteristics, contracts and employment agreements recorded in labor books. The personnel department is responsible for the preparation and execution of these documents and is considered a mandatory and important structural unit of any organization. Personnel accounting is carried out at all enterprises and institutions that have the right to independently hire and fire employees, transfer them or reward them, as well as establish their own internal rules and working conditions. Documents related to personnel work are drawn up at almost every enterprise. The quality of documentation and its efficiency significantly affect how effectively work with these documents is conducted. The very process of working with personnel documentation is an essential component of personnel administration. The determining factor in the success of mutual relations and maintaining the balance of the interests of employees and employers is the development and introduction of the necessary organizational and legal document base, which will ensure the progress of the labor process in accordance with the norms of current legislation. Compliance with key measures of personnel work guarantees the management of labor resources in accordance with ethical norms also. This will ensure a civilized resolution of problems and conflicts that may arise between subjects of labor relations. After all, the burden on labor legislation and personnel management is significantly increasing and requires adaptation to new realities in modern conditions of martial law.

DYNAMICS OF POPULATION AND LABOUR RESOURCES OF NAVOI REGION, THEIR LOCATION CHARACTERISTICS

This article analyzes the dynamics of the population of the Navoi region, the population of working age and labour resources. The location of the population and labour resources of the regions has been studied. Based on regionalization, this problem was analyzed into regions of irrigated agriculture, mountain and sub-mountain pasture livestock, and desert pasture livestock.

Grouting inspection of PC bridge girder using Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography and multiparameter evaluation procedure

Assessing the condition of grouting in post-tensioned tendons within Prestressed Concrete (PC) structures stands as a challenge in the field of civil engineering infrastructure maintenance. Current non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques employed for grouting assessment have certain constraints. For instance, the Impact-Echo method exhibits relatively low accuracy, while the X-Ray method proves to be costly and demands significant time and labor resources. Simultaneously, there exist promising alternative NDT techniques that offer potential for grouting inspection. In this study the authors used commercially available Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography device with an array of dry-contact sensors and multiparameter method of evaluation. The evaluation method uses amplitude of ultrasonic pulse reflected from PC sheath, backwall and phase of reflected ultrasonic pulse. The experimental study on large-scale specimens confirmed that the evaluation method allows to achieve higher accuracy, as compared to existing methods of evaluation. The developed procedure was applied for inspection of PC bridge girder on an existing road bridge. The inspection was carried out on one of the spans of the bridge, which had 4 I- shaped PC girders. The results of Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Tomography were confirmed by means of drilling and borescope inspection method The results of both methods showed good correlation.

Employment policy and unemployment problems in Georgia

Methods: The study of the labor market is based on the analysis of the data of the National Department of Statistics of Georgia and studies conducted by international organizations. In the research process, the methods of scientific abstraction were used – when defining the labor market and the essence of the concepts «unemployment» and «employment»; comparative analysis – when comparing the employment situation of the population of Georgia and some other countries; statistics – when determining the dynamics of the main indicators of the labor market. Results. The current state of the labor market in Georgia was analyzed and the dynamics of its main indicators for the period 2017–2023 were determined. The main problems in the field of employment of the Georgian economy were identified, which include incomplete use of labor resources, differentiation of population incomes, imbalance between demand and supply of professions. The analysis of the labor market in Georgia revealed that the majority of jobs in the national economy are created in industries that do not use modern technologies and, therefore, do not require highly qualified specialists; employees with a high level of qualification cannot find a job in their specialty for a long time, as a result of which they lose their qualifications or are forced to work in low-skilled jobs; the level of education received and real knowledge often turn out to be incompatible with each other. The components of state policy in the sphere of employment regulation are considered. A comparative analysis of this policy was carried out in such countries as: Georgia, Latvia, Estonia, Hungary, Austria. Prospects for increasing the effectiveness of employment policy in Georgia are outlined. Novelty. As a result of the study of the employment policy, it was found that its tools have different effects on solving the problem of unemployment with regard to the short-term and longterm periods. Job search assistance programs have been shown to have the same results in both the short and long term, while vocational training programs have been shown to perform much better in the medium and long term. Practical value. The results obtained during the research can be useful in the formation of employment policy at both the regional and state levels of the functioning of the national economy.

Сучасні підходи до стратегічного управління людськими ресурсами підприємства

The article examines the essence of strategic management of human resources at the enterprise, carries out a theoretical generalization of key concepts and provisions, analyzes the key tasks, methods and functions of strategic management of human resources. Human resources are an important strategic asset of the enterprise, for which new management methods must be found in order to ensure the effectiveness of work in the long term. Under such conditions, the study of the possibilities of strategic management of the company’s human resources, which will ensure the competitiveness and viability of a specific organization, becomes relevant. The modern concept of human resources management of the enterprise should be strategic, that is, its main goal should be the effective use of the labor potential of the enterprise, adequate to the conditions of the external and internal environments, in order to achieve success in the long term. It has been established that in the process of human resources management it is customary to distinguish three approaches: economic, organizational and humanistic. The main tasks of strategic management of human resources are studied, including the improvement of personnel policy, the use and development of human resources, the selection and implementation of the style of management of labor resources, the organization of horizontal coordination and cooperation, the improvement of the organization of workplaces and working conditions, recognition of personal achievements at work, and stimulation. The effectiveness of the strategic management of the company’s human resources lies in the ability of managers of all levels to interact for the effective functioning of the organization. The technology of human resource management based on high involvement (HIHRM – high involvement approach to HRM or HIHRM) is researched – it is a policy and procedures aimed at involving employees in making management decisions, as well as providing employees with skills and independence. The recommended process of implementing the technology of human resources management based on the high involvement of HIHRM at the enterprise is proposed.

Этнический потенциал формирования человеческих ресурсов российской Арк­тики

The reproduction of the old-timer population and first-generation migrants, the demographic dynamics of the status ethnic groups of the national republics of the Russian North (Karelians, Komi, Tuvans and Yakuts) and the indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East form the population and human resources of the Russian Arctic. Those working on a rotational basis partly cover the need for labor resources. Each group of human resources demonstrates distinctive demographic dynamics and contributes to the formation of human resources in the Russian Arctic. The purpose of the study is to assess each component of the formation of human resources in the Russian Arctic. The authors conclude that there has been a high decline in the old-timer population and new settlers since the 1990s and reveal the multidirectional dynamics of the status and indigenous peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East, though emphasize that their number in Russia is almost half of the human resources of the Russian Arctic. Materials from the population censuses of 1926—2021make up the information base of the study.

Effective Video Summarization Using Channel Attention-Assisted Encoder–Decoder Framework

A significant number of cameras regularly generate massive amounts of data, demanding hardware, time, and labor resources to acquire, process, and monitor. Asymmetric frames within videos pose a challenge to automatic summarization of videos, making it challenging to capture key content. Developments in computer vision have accelerated the seamless capture and analysis of high-resolution video content. Video summarization (VS) has garnered considerable interest due to its ability to provide concise summaries of lengthy videos. The current literature mainly relies on a reduced set of representative features implemented using shallow sequential networks. Therefore, this work utilizes an optimal feature-assisted visual intelligence framework for representative feature selection and summarization. Initially, the empirical analysis of several features is performed, and ultimately, we adopt a fine-tuning InceptionV3 backbone for feature extraction, deviating from conventional approaches. Secondly, our strategic encoder–decoder module captures complex relationships with five convolutional blocks and two convolution transpose blocks. Thirdly, we introduced a channel attention mechanism, illuminating interrelations between channels and prioritizing essential patterns to grasp complex refinement features for final summary generation. Additionally, comprehensive experiments and ablation studies validate our framework's exceptional performance, consistently surpassing state-of-the-art networks on two benchmarks (TVSum and SumMe) datasets.

(Joint) Bank Savings, Female Empowerment, and Child Labor in Rural Ethiopia

Abstract This study examines whether the random allocation of single and joint savings accounts to cash crop farmers in rural Ethiopia is associated with increased savings and changes in decision-making authority and control over resources that could ultimately affect child labor and schooling resource allocations. Consistent with posited channels of intrahousehold bargaining models, women from households assigned to the joint saving treatment group show significant gains in autonomy and control of savings resources, broader financial empowerment, and increased labor participation. Positive effects on school participation and attendance are reported for girls, although point estimates are measured imprecisely. In a setting where schooling and child labor are not mutually exclusive, children work more when joint deposit accounts are available. In the absence of impacts on household income, this increase in child labor is explained by complementarities between adult farm labor and child labor in the household production function, which is reinforced by lumpy investments in labor-intensive agricultural inputs that likely increased the opportunity costs of children's time.