Intensity Of Labor Pain Research Articles

Comparison of the Effects of Sanyinjiao Point (SP6) Acupressure with Combined SP6 and LI4 Acupressure on Labor Pain Intensity in Primiparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: Childbirth is an important event and special experience in women's lives. Labor pain is the most severe pain that women undergo in their lives. Pain management during labor is crucial for the well-being of the mother and fetus. Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of combined LI4 and SP6 acupressure with SP6 acupressure on reducing labor pain. Methods: A total of 108 primiparous women who participated in the study were randomized into three groups, combining LI4 and SP6 acupressure, SP6 acupressure, and a control group. Pain intensity was evaluated before, immediately, 1 and 2 hours after the intervention and the second stage of labor by visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Although the pain intensity immediately after the intervention was lower in the combined SP6 and LI4 acupressure group than in the other groups, the differences were not significant between the three groups (p = 0.147). The pain intensity 1 hour after the intervention and in the second stage of labor had a statistically significant difference between the three groups (p =0.006, p =0.001). The pain intensity 2 hours after the intervention was lower in the combined SP6 and LI4 acupressure group than the other groups, but it was not statistically significantly different (p= 0.05). The pain intensity 1 hour after the intervention was not statistically different between the SP6 group and the control group (p= 0.095). The pain intensity 2 hours after the intervention was lower in the combined SP6 and LI4 acupressure group compared to the control group, but it was not significant (p=0.06). The pain intensity in the second stage of labor was lower in the combined SP6 and LI4 acupressure group and SP6 acupressure group compared to the control group (p =0.001, p = 0.017), but there was no significant difference between the SP6 acupressure group and combined SP6 and LI4 acupressure group (p=1.000). Conclusion: The obtained results revealed that combination intervention is a safe, effective, noninvasive and economical method in alleviating labor pain intensity. Healthcare providers are expected to master the acupressure technique as an alternative, complementary therapy, which can be used as an alternative or additional therapy.

Teknik Counter Pressure Mengurangi Intensitas Nyeri Persalinan Kala I Fase Aktif

Lower back pain is a frequent symptom during pregnancy, often worsening as the pregnancy progresses. The shifting center of gravity, hormonal changes, and increased weight gain associated with pregnancy can contribute to lower back pain and discomfort. While pharmacological interventions are sometimes necessary, there is growing interest in non-pharmacological approaches that may provide relief without potential side effects. Counter pressure is a type of massage that uses your fists to apply constant pressure to the patient's spine during compression. Anti-stress information can also be applied to the lower back in a straight or circular motion. Back compression techniques can relieve back pain during labor contractions. Objective to determine the level of labor pain in the first stage of the active phase of labor in women giving birth at the Rappang Health Center in Sidrap Regency before back massage is carried out with the counter pressure technique. To find out labor pain in the first stage of the active phase of labor in women giving birth at the Rappang Health Center, Sidrap Regency, after doing back massage using a counter pressure technique. The type of research used is pseudo- or quasy-experimental research with a Two-Group Posttest Only design. The relaxation technique obtained a mean rank of 18.25, while the group that underwent counter pressure obtained a value of 6.75. So the average pain in the group that only got the relaxation technique was higher than that done with masse counter pressure with a p value (0.000) <0.05 so it can be concluded that counter pressure massage is effective in reducing pain intensity in laboring mothers. There is an influence of the Counter Pressure massage technique to reduce the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase at the Rappang Health Center, Sidrap Regency. Counter pressure could potentially be a useful technique for managing labor pain.

The Effect of Effleurage Massage on Reducing the Intensity of Pain in the First Stage of Active Labor

Childbirth is a process of expelling the results of fertilization through a flask from inside the uterus out of the uterus through the vagina spontaneously. Pain is an experience of feeling uncomfortable and unpleasant from a person's sensory and emotional side. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Mensage Effinage on reducing the intensity of labor pain in the first active phase. This study used a one-group pre-test post-test design experiment with a sample of 34 respondents. Data was collected using a Verbal Descriptor Scale (VDS) monitoring observation sheet. Data analysis using the normality test on the Wilcoxon Sign Ronk Anamis pararsenic test because the data is not normally distributed or has Wilcoxon status. The results of the study showed that the intensity of pain in the first stage of labor in the active phase can be reduced through effluent massage therapy. This is evidenced by the results of data analysis where p = 0.000 <0.05 so that the Ho result is rejected, H1 is accepted. Effluent Massage Therapy can be used as an alternative that needs to be applied to reduce pregnancy pain in mothers giving birth in the first phase of pregnancy. The conclusion is that massage effluent can reduce the intensity of pain in pregnant women in phase 1.

The Effectiveness Of Counter Pressure And Effleurage Massage On The Intensity Of Labor Pain During The Active Phase I

Latar Belakang: Nyeri dapat meningkatkan pernapasan dan denyut jantung ibu, dan jika tidak ditangani dengan cepat, bisa berakibat fatal bagi ibu dan bayi. Bidan biasanya menghabiskan lebih banyak waktu dengan pasien yang mengalami nyeri dibandingkan dengan petugas kesehatan lainnya. Peran bidan meliputi mengidentifikasi dan mengatasi penyebab nyeri serta memberikan intervensi yang tepat untuk mengurangi nyeri. Karena itu, penanganan dan pemantauan nyeri pada fase aktif persalinan sangat penting untuk menentukan apakah persalinan akan berlangsung normal atau memerlukan tindakan medis karena komplikasi yang disebabkan oleh nyeri yang sangat hebat.Tujuan: Menganalisis efektivitas counter pressure dan effleurage massage terhadap intensitas nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di RSUD dr. Rubini Mempawah.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimen dengan rancangan pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. Populasi yang diteliti adalah ibu-ibu yang menjalani persalinan pada fase aktif selama bulan Mei dan Juni, dengan jumlah 78 orang. Sampel penelitian terdiri dari 20 orang, dibagi menjadi 10 orang untuk intervensi counter pressure dan 10 orang untuk intervensi pijat effleurage. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah consecutive sampling.Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam intensitas nyeri persalinan pada fase aktif sebelum dan setelah penerapan metode counter pressure dengan nilai p < 0,004. Begitu pula, terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam intensitas nyeri sebelum dan setelah penerapan pijat effleurage, juga dengan nilai p < 0,004. Selain itu, efektivitas antara metode tekanan kontra dan pijat effleurage dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri persalinan pada fase aktif juga berbeda secara signifikan, dengan nilai p < 0,001.Kesimpulan: Counter pressure lebih efektif daripada effleurage massage dengan nilai post-test counter pressure memiliki selisih nilai median 3 sedangkan nilai post-test effleurage massage memiliki selisih nilai median 2.Saran: Diharapkan peneliti selanjutnya dapat menerapkan terapi komplementer untuk mengurangi intensitas nyeri persalinan. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi referensi untuk studi lebih lanjut mengenai efektivitas metode counter pressure dan pijat effleurage dalam mengurangi intensitas nyeri persalinan pada fase aktif. Kata Kunci : counter pressure, effleurage, nyeri persalinan ABSTRACT Background: Pain can increase maternal breathing and heart rate, and if not treated quickly, can be fatal for both mother and baby. Midwives usually spend more time with patients experiencing pain than other health workers. The role of midwives includes identifying and addressing the causes of pain and providing appropriate interventions to reduce pain. Therefore, pain management and monitoring in the active phase of labor are very important to determine whether labor will proceed normally or require medical intervention due to complications caused by very severe pain.Purpose: To analyze the effectiveness of counter pressure and effleurage massage on the intensity of labor pain in the first stage of the active phase at RSUD dr. Rubini Mempawah.Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest nonequivalent control group design. The population studied were mothers who underwent labor in the active phase during May and June, totaling 78 people. The study sample consisted of 20 people, divided into 10 people for counter pressure intervention and 10 people for effleurage massage intervention. The sampling technique used was consecutive sampling.Results: There was a significant difference in the intensity of labor pain in the active phase before and after the application of the counter pressure method with a p value <0.004. Likewise, there was a significant difference in the intensity of pain before and after the application of effleurage massage, also with a p value <0.004. In addition, the effectiveness between the counter pressure method and effleurage massage in reducing the intensity of labor pain in the active phase also differed significantly, with a p value <0.001.Conclusion: Counter pressure is more effective than effleurage massage with post-test counter pressure values having a median value difference of 3 while post-test effleurage massage values have a median value difference of 2.Suggestions; It is hoped that further researchers can apply complementary therapy to reduce the intensity of labor pain. This study is expected to be a reference for further studies on the effectiveness of the counter pressure method and effleurage massage in reducing the intensity of labor pain in the active phase. Keywords: : counter pressure, effleurage, labor pain

The Use of Birth Ball as A Non-Pharmacological Complementary Therapy in The Reduction of Labor Pain in Phase 1

Childbirth is the process of expelling the fetus to the placenta, the process of giving birth is identical to pain, while to reduce this pain, non-pharmacological methods are carried out, one of which is the Birth Ball method. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of using birth ball as a non-pharmacological complementary therapy in reducing labor pain in the first stage. The method used was a narrative literature review by searching for relevant articles on Google Scholar using keywords such as “Birth ball” and “Labor pain”. Inclusion criteria included Indonesian-language articles published between 2021-2023. Of the six studies analyzed, it was found that birth ball use significantly reduced the intensity of labor pain. These studies showed that birth balls can accelerate cervical opening and reduce anxiety of laboring mothers through movements that increase endorphin release. In conclusion, birth balls are effective as an alternative method to reduce labor pain in Stage I, providing the added benefit of increasing maternal comfort and relaxation during the labor process. This study suggests the use of birth ball as part of midwifery practice to reduce labor pain non-pharmacologically.

Terapi Kneading Massage dan Teknik Breathing Exercise Diapragmatic (BED) dalam Mengurangi Intensitas Nyeri dan Kecemasan Persalinan

Childbirth is a physiological event experienced by some women. The birth process has uncomfortable effects including pain and anxiety. The aim of this research is Kneading Massage Therapy and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (BED) Techniques to Reduce the Intensity of Labor Pain and Anxiety. The method used is a case study with pre-test post-test treatment. The population, namely all mothers giving birth at the Mandiraja 2 Community Health Center in December 2023, was 25 respondents. The sample used was 5 maternal respondents who experienced pain and anxiety using the Accidental Sampling technique. The results obtained after administering Kneading Massage Therapy and Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise Technique (BED) showed a decrease in the pain scale from before therapy of 5.6 (moderate pain) to around 2.6 (mild pain) after therapy and a decrease in anxiety scale from 40 .4 (moderate anxiety) before therapy to 29.9 (low anxiety) after therapy. So it can be concluded that Kneading Massage Therapy and the Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise (BED) technique can reduce the intensity of pain and anxiety childbirth.

The Effectiveness of Foot SPA on the Intensity of Labor Pain in the Active Phase of First Stage at BPM Ani Karawang

The Effectiveness of Foot SPA on the Intensity of Labor Pain in the Active Phase of First Stage at BPM Ani Karawang

The Role of the Massage Method with Deep Breathing Relaxation in Reducing the Intensity of Labor Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial at Mukomuko Regional General Hospital, Indonesia

Labor pain is a significant concern for expectant mothers, often leading to anxiety and potential complications. Non-pharmacological interventions like massage and deep breathing relaxation (DBR) have gained attention as safe and effective pain management options. This randomized clinical trial aimed to investigate the efficacy of combining massage and DBR in reducing labor pain intensity at Mukomuko Regional General Hospital, Indonesia. A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 100 pregnant women experiencing labor pain. Participants were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (massage + DBR) or the control group (standard care). Pain intensity was assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and after the intervention. Data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests. The intervention group demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in VAS scores compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Participants in the intervention group reported higher satisfaction with pain management and a more positive childbirth experience. In conclusion, the combination of massage and DBR is a safe and effective non-pharmacological intervention for reducing labor pain intensity. This approach can be easily integrated into standard care practices, offering a valuable tool for improving maternal comfort and well-being during childbirth.

The Effect of Rebozo Technique Complementary Therapy on Reducing the Intensity of Labor Pain in the First Active Phase

Persalinan merupakan proses lahirnya janin, plasenta dan membran dari dalam rahim melalui jalan lahir dikarenakan adanya kontraksi uterus, proses dilatasi serviks (membuka atau menipis) serviks, dan penurunan kepala janin sehingga menekan bagian panggul yang dapat menyebabkan nyeri. Intensitas nyeri tergantung pada kekuatan kontraksi dan tekanan yang timbul saat kontraksi, apabila nyeri persalinan tidak diatasi akan menyebabkan terjadinya partus lama. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh teknik rebozo terhadap penurunan tingkat nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif. Penelitian ini menggunakan quasy eksperimen dengan pre dan post test one grup control design dengan jumlah sampel 30 responden. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan lembar observasi yang kemudian dianalisa menggunakan uji Wilcoxon. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan nilai signifikan yaitu sebesar 0,000 < hasil signifikan yaitu 5% (p-value = 0,000-0,05) maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa H1 diterima yang artinya ada pengaruh penggunaan teknik rebozo terhadap penurunan Tingkat nyeri persalinan kala I fase aktif di TPMB Hj. Lelah Partiah, S.Tr.Keb.Bdn Tahun 2024.

The Impact Of Lavender Aromatherapy Techniques And Endorphin Massage On Anxiety During The First Active Phase

Stress and an overabundance of catecholamine hormones released during labor can cause smooth muscle and uterine ischemia, which heightens pain impulses. A light touch or therapeutic massage stimulating the body to release endorphin compounds can relieve pain and comfort. This type of massage is known as endorphin massage. Linalool, a compound found in lavender aromatherapy, has calming and muscle-relaxing properties. This research project aims to ascertain "The Effectiveness of Lavender Aromatherapy and Endorphin Massage on Anxiety of Labor Pain in the First Active Phase in the Working Area UPTD Puskesmas Sukahaji." This study used a quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-test methods and a control group design carried out in the working area of UPTD Puskesmas Sukahaji. Purposive sampling was used to obtain samples. Purposive sampling was used to collect samples from 120 individuals. The Wilcoxon and Kruskal Wallis tests were used in the data analysis. The Wilcoxon test in bivariate analysis produced a p-value of less than 0.005 for every intervention group. The endorphin massage group's mean rank for the anxiety variable was 57.08; the control group's was 45.17; the lavender aromatherapy group's was 72.53; and the combination group's was 67.22. In conclusion, the anxiety associated with labor pain was impacted by endorphin massage, lavender aromatherapy, and the combination of the two. The best treatment for lowering anxiety was lavender aromatherapy, and the best way to lessen the severity of labor pain was to combine lavender aromatherapy with endorphin massage. Recommendation: It is believed that aromatherapy with lavender and endorphin massage can be used as alternative ways to reduce anxiety and the intensity of labor pain.

'Giving birth on a beach': Women's experiences of using virtual reality in labour.

Birth is a normal physiological process, and many women want a natural birth. Women use a range of non-pharmacological pain relief methods to reduce labour pain intensity, to help manage labour pain and to induce relaxation. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of women using Virtual Reality as a non-pharmacological method of pain relief in labour. Virtual Reality has been shown to be an effective distraction technique in other acute pain settings which also reduces anxiety. This study conducted qualitative in-depth interviews postnatally with women who used Virtual Reality in labour. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. Nineteen women used Virtual Reality in labour. Results from interviews with nineteen women in the postnatal period identified three main themes: impact of virtual reality on experience of labour, managing the pain of labour and challenges of using virtual reality in labour. This study identified that Virtual Reality was effective as a relaxation technique and helped in pain management by the use of self-efficacy techniques. Women in this study also identified preferred virtual environments specifically to use during labour and birth. This study provides a unique and original contribution to the field of Virtual Reality in labour and birth. It also identifies Virtual Reality as an acceptable and positive experience in the management of anxiety and labour pain.

A comparison of childbirth self-efficacy, fear of childbirth, and labor pain intensity between primiparas and multiparas during the latent phase of labor: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundChildbirth is a long-lasting physiological stress. As one of the main stressors, labor pain exists throughout the whole process. Childbirth self-efficacy is the confidence, or belief that they can manage pain during childbirth. This sense of self-efficacy determines how pregnant women deal with labor pain and enables them to regulate their behavior and actively deal with childbirth. However, the difference in pain sensitivity between single births (primiparas) and multiple births (multiparas) has rarely been investigated.ObjectivesThis study is aimed at investigating self-efficacy, fear of childbirth, labor pain of primiparas and multiparas and exploring factors related to the perceived labor pain intensity of pregnant women.DesignProspective cross-sectional study.Setting(s)Labour and delivery in a large academic specialized hospital in Guangzhou, China.ParticipantsA total of 347 women, (182 primiparas and 165 multiparas) were enrolled in the data analysis. Pain was assessed before cervical dilatation (cervical dilatation ≤ 3 cm for the first delivery and ≤ 2 cm for the second delivery).MethodThe general information of participants was obtained by questionnaire and obstetrical records of the subjects were obtained from the electronic medical records extracted from the electronic medical record system (EMRS). Childbirth self-efficacy, fear of childbirth (FOC) and labor pain were compared between primiparas and multiparas. Paired t-test, chi-square test, Mann–Whitney test, univariate and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze labor pain between the two groups and investigate factors related perceived labor pain intensity.ResultsThe total scores related to fear of childbirth, fetal health, self-control, and labor pain injury of multiparas were notably reduced compared with primiparas (all P < 0.05). The perceived labor pain intensity and duration of the first stage of labor was reduced in the multipara group compared with the primipara group. The childbirth control sense of the multipara was better than that of the primipara. The perceived labor pain intensity was negatively correlated with advanced age (age ≥ 35 years), self-efficacy score, family support, and education (all P < 0.05). In contrast, the perceived labor pain intensity was positively correlated with tension, severe fear of childbirth, and anxiety (P < 0.05). Self-efficacy, gravidity, delivery cognition, and fear of childbirth were independent risk factors for the perceived labor pain intensity in the latent period (all P < 0.05).ConclusionsFear of childbirth is a predictor of perceived labor pain intensity. The extent of labor pain (minimum and maximum) can be predicted by the level of fear the expectant mother has. During the latent phase of labor, self-efficacy, fear of childbirth and labor pain are different between primiparas and multiparas.

The Effect of Yoga Practice on Labor Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Labor pain management is a critical aspect of midwifery care and an essential purpose of childbirth-related care. There is a need for comprehensive results on relevant non-therapeutic methods of reducing labor pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted to investigate the effect of yoga practice on labor pain. We performed a systematic literature search from SCOPUS, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct for relevant studies from January 1, 1990 to June 2, 2022. We selected published quasi-randomized and randomized controlled trial studies that evaluated the effect of yoga practice on labor pain. Quality research was applied. We pooled the Standardized Mean Dfference (SMD) of labor pain in pregnant women with and without yoga practice during pregnancy using a random-effects model at 95% Confidence Intervals (CIs). Nine studies including 660 women were included in the meta-analysis. Pregnant women in the yoga practice group experienced statistically significantly low labor pain at the beginning of the active phase compared to the control group (SMD: -1.10, 95% CI: -1.61, -0.58, p < 0.001; I2 = 89%). Yoga interventions also reduced the intensity of labor pain in active (SMD: -1.32, 95% CI: -2.03, -0.60, p < 0.001; I2 = 92%) and transition (SMD: -1.93, 95% CI: -2.87, -0.99, p < 0.001; I2 = 92%) phases compared to the control group, respectively. The results of the study showed that yoga practice during pregnancy reduces the intensity of labor pain in different labor phases. However, these findings should be considered cautiously due to the substantial heterogeneity between studies.

The effectiveness between of yoga and birth ball in reducing labor pain: a systematic review

Purpose: Identify the effectiveness between Yoga and birth ball in decreasing labor pain intensity. Methods: This study used a systematic review design with the PRISMA-SR checklist. This systematic review referred to three steps, namely, (1) search strategy, (2) selection criteria, and (3) data extraction and quality assessment. The article search used 2 databases: ScienceDirect and Pubmed and ResearchRabbit. Results: Of 14 articles, 7 discuss Yoga's effectiveness in diminishing labor pain, and another 7 discuss birthing balls' efficacy in alleviating labor pain. Yoga and birth balls effectively reduce childbirth pain intensity. Conclusion: Besides, a combination of Yoga and birth ball or a combination of birth balls and counterpressure or free position when entering childbirth reduces labor pain. Yoga could also be combined with back massage, aromatherapy, or hypnosis. Future studies are expected to analyze the level of effectiveness between birthing balls and Yoga in reducing labor pain intensity in both developing and developed countries.

Combination of Warm Compress and Effleurage Massage on the Intensity of Labor Pain in the First Stage of the Active Phase in Maternal Patients at Dr. Hospital. Abdul Rivai, Berau Regency

This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of warm compresses and effleurage massage on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in maternal patients. This was a pre-experimental study with a one-group pretest and posttest design. The population was all primiparous normal mothers giving birth at dr. Abdul Rivai Hospital Berau, from January to September 2023, numbered 385 people, with an average of 43 people per month, based on the Lameshow formula, which included a sample of 38 people. The instrument used the VAS scale and standard operating procedure (SOP) for a combination of warm compresses and effleurage massage. Data analysis used the paired sample test. The intensity of labor pain during the first active phase before being given a combination of warm compress and effleurage massage had an average value of 7.47. The intensity of labor pain during the first active phase after being given a combination of warm compress and effleurage massage had an average value of 6.26. It showed an effect of the combination of warm compresses and effleurage massage on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase (p-value = 0.000 &lt; ?: 0.05). This indicates that the combination of warm compresses and effleurage massage affects reducing the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. It hopes that hospitals can adopt a policy of issuing the standard operating procedure (SOP) for the combination of warm compresses and effleurage massage

The Effect of Acupressure Points L14 and SP 6 on Pain Intensity in the First Stage Labor

Purpose: The aim of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of acupressure points L14 and SP6 in reducing the intensity of pain during the first stage of labor at PMB Meita in Sidoarjo. Recognizing the physiological and psychological impacts of labor pain on both mothers and infants, the research seeks to assess the potential of acupressure as a non-pharmacological intervention to alleviate labor pain and enhance maternal well-being during childbirth. Methods: This research adopts a Quasi Experimental Design with a One Group Pre-Post Test Design approach. The study population comprises maternity mothers receiving prenatal care at PMB Meita in Sidoarjo. Accidental sampling is utilized to select a sample of 30 respondents. Data collection involves observing acupressure treatments using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) to measure pain intensity. Univariate analysis, employing frequency distribution, and bivariate analysis, utilizing paired t-test, are conducted to analyze the data. Results and Discussion: The findings indicate that the mean labor pain intensity before administering acupressure points SP6 and L14 was 6.48, which decreased to 3.84 after acupressure treatment. The bivariate analysis demonstrates a significant effect of the SP6 and L14 acupressure technique on reducing labor pain during the active phase I of labor at PMB Meita in Sidoarjo (p–value 0.0001 &lt;0.05), with a mean decrease of 2.64. These results suggest that acupressure therapy holds promise as a complementary intervention for managing labor pain and enhancing maternal comfort during childbirth. Implications of the Research: The research outcomes have implications for midwifery care and maternal health practices, particularly in the context of promoting non-pharmacological pain management strategies during labor. By demonstrating the effectiveness of acupressure in reducing labor pain intensity, the study highlights the importance of integrating complementary therapies into maternity care protocols to improve maternal experiences and outcomes during childbirth. Originality/Value: This study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence of the efficacy of acupressure points L14 and SP6 in alleviating labor pain during the first stage of labor. By employing a quasi-experimental design and utilizing specific assessment tools, the research offers valuable insights into the potential benefits of acupressure therapy as a non-pharmacological intervention for pain management in childbirth. The findings underscore the importance of holistic and individualized approaches to maternity care, emphasizing the integration of complementary therapies to enhance maternal well-being and satisfaction during the childbirth process.

Combination of Slow Deep Breathing Technique and Lavender Aromatherapy on Labor Pain Intensity Period I Active Phase in Maternity Patients Primipara at dr. Abdul Rivai Berau Hospital

Labor pain in the first stage of the active phase felt by primiparous mothers at dr. Abdul Rivai Hospital is like a strong and very scary stab, and in facing labor pain, primiparous mothers do not know how to deal with the pain they feel, so some primiparous mothers are agitated, screaming, hitting their husbands, asking for a Caesarean section without medical indication. This study aimed to determine the effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous mothers giving birth. The Study used pre-experimental methods and a group Pre-Test-Post-Test Design with a population of primiparous mothers giving birth at Dr Abdul Rivai Hospital, Berau Regency, with an average of 43 people per month, based on the Lameshow formula with a sample of 35 people. The research instrument uses the NRS scale. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The score for labor pain in the first stage of the active phase before the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy carried was 8, and after the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy was 7. There is an effect of the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy on the intensity of labor pain in the active phase of the first stage in primiparous women giving birth (p-value = 0.000 &lt; ?: 0.05). This indicates that the combination of the Slow Deep Breathing technique and lavender aromatherapy influences reduces the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase in primiparous women giving birth

EFFECTIVENESS OF EFFLEURAGE MASSAGE ON REDUCING INTENSITY OF FIRST-STAGE INPARTUM PAIN

Introduction: Labor can be defined as the process of opening and thinning the cervix, as well as the descent of the fetus into the birth canal. This pain can be felt like strong cramps in the stomach, groin, and back, as well as aches (Rosmiarti et al., 2020). In general, the pain that arises can affect the physiological and psychological state of the mother in the form of intense fatigue, the emergence of fear and worry, and cause stress, thus making a lack of contractions which can cause prolonged labor. The purpose of this literature review is to find out and analyze the effectiveness of effleurage massage in reducing the intensity of labor pain in the first stage. Methods: This study uses a literature review method with article searches conducted in three search databases Science Direct, Garuda, Google Scholar and there are 10 articles that meet all inclusion criteria and are reviewed. Results: Effleurage massage can reduce the intensity of labor pain in the 1st stage. Conclusion: Based on the results of a review of 10 articles, one of the non-pharmacological therapies to reduce the intensity of labor pain is using effleurage massage therapy. This is evidenced by the average headache scale before being treated with effleurage massage which is on the moderate pain scale (4-6). After being treated with effleurage massage, the pain intensity was on a mild pain scale (1-3). Effleurage massage therapy is also able to reduce the scale of severe pain (7-10) to mild pain (0-3).

Thesis The Effect Of Warm Compresses On The Intensity Of Pain During The 1st Active Phase At Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital In 2020

Childbirth is a physiological event in every woman's development into motherhood. This event can cause trauma because of the pain experienced, hot compresses are one method to overcome pain. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of warm compresses on the intensity of labor pain during the 1st active phase at Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital.This type of research uses quantitative research with a quasi-experimental research design. The research design is one group pretest and postest design. Sampling technique with purposive sampling. The sample size was 30 respondents. Analysis using statistical test Mc Nemart test. The results showed that before the warm compress there were 8 people (26.7%) who experienced mild pain and 22 people (73.3%) who experienced severe pain. After being given warm compresses there were 8 (26.7%) who changed mild pain to severe and there were 22 (73.3%) people who changed from severe pain to mild pain. Based on the Mc Nemart test.then obtained the value of ρ = 0.000 &lt; 0.05, it can be concluded the effect of warm compresses on the intensity of labor pain when 1 phase is active. The conclusion of this study is that warm compresses are effective in reducing the intensity of labor pain during the active phase I at Syekh Yusuf Gowa Hospital. And it is hoped that health workers or midwives can apply warm water compresses to reduce pain in maternity mothers

The Effect of The Use of Birthball on The Intensity of First Stage Active Phase Labor Pain

Research in the United States around 70% to 80% of mothers who give birth expect the birth to take place without feeling pain. Currently, 20% to 50% of deliveries in private hospitals in Indonesia are carried out by Caesarean section. The current trend is for mothers to choose to give birth via cesarean section to avoid pain during normal birth. This study was to determine the effect of using a birthball on the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. This type of research is quasi-experimental with a pretest-posttest two-group design. The population of this study is all mothers giving birth normally at the Az-Zahra clinic. The sample in the study consisted of 30 respondents. The research instrument uses the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) sheet. Data were analyzed using the Paired T-test and Independent T-test. The average pretest labor pain score in the experimental group was 7.13, while the post-test was 3.33, and the p-value was 0.489. The average pretest labor pain score in the control group was 6.53, while the post-test was 7.80, and the p-value was 0.044. The results of the Independent T-test showed a p-value of 0.489. Giving the Birthball method can reduce the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase. It is hoped that the Birthball method can be applied in all maternity clinics or independent midwives in Indonesia.