Intensity Of Labor Pain Research Articles

A comparison of maternal fear of childbirth, labor pain intensity and intrapartum analgesic consumption between primiparas and multiparas: A cross-sectional study

ObjectivesTo describe and compare fear of childbirth and in-labor pain intensity between primiparas and multiparas and explore the association between the amount of actual pain relief and fear of childbirth. MethodsA convenience sampling method was used. A total of 260 women undergoing spontaneous or induced labor, including 97 primiparas and 163 multiparas, were recruited in a large academic specialized hospital in Guangzhou, China, from February 2018 to August 2019. The clinical data of maternal and neonatal were extracted from a structured electronic medical record system. Other demographic information, such as employment and family monthly income, was collected by a questionnaire. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and the Chinese version of the Childbirth Attitude Questionnaire (C-CAQ) were applied to assess maternal in-labor pain intensity and fear of childbirth. The analgesic consumption and the frequency of manual boluses as rescue analgesia were stored and collected from the analgesia pump. ResultsEighty-two (84.5%) primiparas and ninety-nine (60.7%) multiparas received epidural analgesia (P < 0.001). In the epidural subgroup, the primiparous average fear of childbirth (36.46 ± 10.93) was higher than that of the multiparas (32.06 ± 10.23) (P = 0.007). However, multiparas reported more intense in-labor pain [8.0 (8.0, 9.0) vs. 8.0 (7.0, 8.0)], had more successful manual boluses per hour [2.68 (1.65, 3.85) vs. 1.77 (0.90, 2.47)], more hourly analgesic consumption [23.00 (16.00, 28.25) vs. 17.24 (11.52, 21.36) mL] and more average analgesic consumption [0.35 (0.24, 0.45) vs. 0.26 (0.19, 0.35) mL/(h·kg)] than the primiparas (P < 0.05). Spearman’s correlation analysis showed that the maximum in-labor pain was weakly positively correlated with fear of childbirth (r = 0.09) (P < 0.05), hourly analgesic consumption (r = 0.16) (P < 0.01) and average analgesic consumption (r = 0.17) (P < 0.05). No statistically significant association was uncovered between analgesic consumption and maternal fear of childbirth. ConclusionsFear of childbirth is a potential predictor of labor pain intensity. Further study is needed to explore its role and value in pain management during delivery. Parity is not a determinant of pain relief use and should not be a preconceived preference of obstetric care team members to determine the distribution of epidural analgesia, especially when analgesia resources are insufficient.

Effect of Counter-Pressure Versus Effleurage Massages on Labor Pain Intensity Among Parturient Women

Context: Labor-related pain is a universal experience for parturient women. Several non- pharmacological methods have been utilized to relieve this pain including counter-pressure and effleurage massages. Aim: This study aimed to examine the effect of counter-pressure versus effleurage massages on labor pain intensity among parturient women. Methods: A quasi- experimental design (nonequivalent control group pretest/posttest) was adopted. A purposive sample of 96 parturient women was recruited and allocated to either control, counter-pressure, or effleurage massage group. This study was conducted at inpatient obstetrics and gynecology department of Kafrelsheikh general hospital, Kafrelsheikh governorate, Egypt. Data were collected using two tools: structured interviewing questionnaire schedule and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Results: The mean pain scores at baseline assessment did not show a significant difference between the control group and interventions groups (p>0.05). However, at 30 minutes, 1 hour, and 2 hours after intervention the differences in mean pain scores between the control group and interventions groups were highly statistically significant (p 0.05). Conclusion: counter- pressure and effleurage massages are effective non-pharmacological measures in reducing labor pain. Recommendation: Utilizing such simple and effective pain relief strategies by nurses and midwives should be encouraged.

Hubungan Pengetahuan Ibu Bersalin dengan Intensitas Nyeri persalinan Kala I Fase aktif

Pain during childbirth is a physiological condition, but if left untreated, labor pain will cause stress which can trigger the release of the hormone ketocolamine and steroids. This pain during labor is due to uterine contractions and the development / dilation of the cervix. The stronger the pain, the longer the peak pain will be during the active phase. The results of preliminary studies in August, 100% of mothers who gave birth felt pain and screaming at the time of delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between maternal knowledge about labor pain and the intensity of labor pain during the first active phase.This study used quantitative descriptive research methods and data analysis used the chi squre test. The number of samples of 38 pregnant women in September - December 2020, the technique used was the total sampling technique. Data analysis with chi squre test. The results of the Chi Squre test showed a significant relationship between knowledge and the intensity of first stage labor pain (p value: 0.001). The Conclusion there is a relationship between knowledge about labor pain and the intensity of labor pain during the first stage.

Comparison of the effects of aromatherapy with Lavender and Entonox gas on labor pain intensity: a randomize clinical trial

Objective: This study aimed to compare the effects of aromatherapy with lavender and Entonox gas on labor pain. Methods: This clinical trial was a double-blind randomized in which 72 primiparous women. The subjects were categorized into two groups as: aromatherapy and Entonox gas (control). In the aromatherapy group, the inhalation of fifteen drops of 1.5% Lavender essential oil used and the control group received Entonox gas. Both treatments were performed at the beginning of the second phase of labor. Pain was measured using standard pain rating scale (VAS) to assess pain before starting the study and immediately after the intervention (during contractions). Results: Results of the current study indicated a significant difference between the two methods during the first and second stages of labor. Conclusion: Aromatherapy with Lavender essential oil can be one of the other good ways to treat labor pain. IRCT: 20180610040032N1 Keywords: Aromatherapy; Pain; Labor; Lavender; Entonox

THE EFFECT OF APPLYING LAVENDER AROMATHERAPY ON THE REDUCTION OF LABOR PAIN INTENSITY DURING FIRST STAGE OF LABOUR IN PRIMIPARA WOMEN AT PUSKESMAS TRI KARYA MULYA IN 2021

&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The first stage of labor pain is the feeling of pain and discomfort experienced by the mother from the beginning of labor until the cervix is maximally dilated (10 cm). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving lavender aromatherapy on the reduction of labor pain intensity at the I-active phase in primiparous women. The research design used was quasi-experimental with a non-equivalent control group design. The sample in this research was 20 primiparous women who were divided into two groups, 10 respondents were given lavender aromatherapy and 10 respondents were given endorphin massage. The results showed that the average pain intensity before giving lavender aromatherapy was 6.70 and after giving lavender aromatherapy the average pain intensity was 4.90. The average pain intensity before giving endorphin massage was 7.30 and after giving endorphin massage the average pain intensity was 5.60. The results of statistical tests using the Independent T-test obtained a p-value = 0.31, which means that there was no significant effect of pain intensity between mothers who are given lavender aromatherapy with endorphin massage. It is hoped that health workers can apply therapy of nonpharmacological lavender aromatherapy to reduce the intensity of labor pain as obstetric care for childbirth.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Acupressure and Acupuncture Use in the Peripartum Period.

Acupuncture is the procedure of inserting fine needles into specific points on the body for therapeutic purposes. Acupuncture and its derivatives (acupressure, moxibustion, electroacupuncture, and transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation on acupoints) are a popular treatment choice in the peripartum period (32 wk' gestation to 14 d postdelivery). There is substantial research evidence supporting acupuncture and its derivatives in the peripartum period. Benefits in the use of acupressure to reduce labor pain intensity and a reduction in the duration of labor with acupressure have been found. There is mixed evidence for the use of both moxibustion and moxibustion with acupuncture for noncephalic presentations and for acupressure for reducing intraoperative nausea. There is limited evidence available on acupuncture use in women with high-risk pregnancies or multifetal gestations.

The Effect of Sundanese Instrumental Music Therapy and The Provision of Spicy Drinks on Pain Intensity and Labor Duration

The pain in labor due to contractions and the process of expelling the baby cannot be avoided by the mother. One way to reduce pain intensity non-pharmacologically is music therapy and the provision of spice drinks. music therapy can reduce stress and anxiety levels, especially during childbirth, while herbal drinks derived from ginger are analgesic, as well as cinnamon and cloves, can relieve pain. The research method is “Quasi experimental pre-post test with control group design. The intervention group was Sundanese instrumental music therapy with spice drinks and the control group was only given spice drinks, which was carried out on mothers giving birth during an active phase. The population is all mothers giving birth in BPM Bogor area. The sample size of the average difference test of two paired groups is 15 respondents in each group. The results showed a decrease in labor pain in the active phase of the first stage in the intervention group with p = 0.016. This shows that there is an effect of giving music therapy and spice drinks on the intensity of labor pain as assessed by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and there is no significant change in the decrease in labor pain during the active phase of labor, in the control group (p&gt;0.05). There was no significant result on the length of labor with p = 0.439 (p &gt; 0.05). This means that both the control and intervention groups did not show a difference in the time/length of labor

The effectiveness of a Pilates exercise program during pregnancy on childbirth outcomes: a randomised controlled clinical trial

BackgroundPerforming exercise with medium intensity has positive effects on the maternal health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Pilates exercise program during pregnancy on childbirth outcomes:MethodsThis clinical trial study was performed on 110 primiparous women who were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n = 55) and control (n = 55). The intervention group performed Pilates exercises from 26 to 28 weeks of gestation for 8 weeks while the control group did not do any exercise. Data collection tools included Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Mackey Childbirth Satisfaction Rating Scale, and a checklist including demographic and obstetrics information.ResultsThe results of the study showed that Pilates exercise during pregnancy significantly reduces the labor pain intensity, length of the active phase and second stage of labor and increases maternal satisfaction of the labor process (p < 0.05). Based on the Kaplan Meyer analysis, the mean whole length of labor was shorter in Pilates exercise group than in the control group (P = .004). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of Episiotomy, type of delivery, first and fifth Apgar score of neonates (p > 0.05).ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, Pilates exercise during pregnancy improved the labor process and increased maternal satisfaction of chidbirthprocess, without causing complications for the mother and baby. However, studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to prove the efficacy and safty of this practiceduring labor.Trial registrationIRCT registration number:IRCT20200126046266N1. Registration date: 2020-05-02 (retrospectively registered).

The Effect of Accupressure on Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Birth Delivery Pain in Pregnant Women: A Meta Analysis

Background: Nausea and vomiting in preg­nancy is a common condition experienced by 50-80% of pregnant women between 6 to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Acupressure stimulation can stimulate and increase blood circulation and vital energy, so as to maintain normal body functions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acupres­sure on hyper­emesis gravidarum and labor pain in pregnant and childbirth women. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic study. The articles used were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria used were full text articles with Randomized Control Trial (RCT) design. Research subjects are preg­nant women or giving birth. The intervention given was acupressure with the comparison not being given acupressure or fake acupressure, articles published in English and Indonesian. The PICO research problems were as follows: Population= pregnant women and childbirth, Intervention= giving acupressure, Compa­rison= sham acupressure or without acupres­sure, Outcome= reduced intensity of nausea and vomiting and labor pain. The study was conducted using an effect size (Standardized Mean Difference). Meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 with a random effect model. Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed in a meta-analysis in this study. Meta-analysis of 9 articles showed acupressure was effective in reducing hyperemesis gravidarum. Pregnant women who received acupressure therapy expe­rienced hyperemesis gravidarum 0.8 units lower than those without acupressure (SMD=-0.84; 95% CI= -1.18 to -0.5; p&lt;0.001). A meta-analysis of 11 articles showed that acupressure was effective in reducing labor pain. Pregnant women who received acupressure therapy experienced labor pain 1.8 units lower than without acupressure (SMD= -1.83; 95% CI= -2.37 to -1.29; p &lt; 0.001). Conclusion: Acupressure can reduce the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women who experience hyperemesis gravi­darum as well as the intensity of labor pain in pregnant women.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN AROMATERAPI LEMON TERHADAP PENURUNAN INTENSITAS NYERI PERSALINAN KALA 1 FASE AKTIF PADA IBU PRIMIGRAVIDA DI BIDAN PRAKTEK MANDIRI (BPM) WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BATU AJI

Background Lemon oil Aromatherapy can improve mood, relax the mind, increase concentration, overcome pain and anxiety. Linalool, one of the substances contained in lemon, is useful to stabilize the nervous system so that it can cause a calm effect for anyone who inhales it. The purpose of this study was to find out the effects of lemon aromatherapy on the reduction of labor pain intensity of primigravida mothers active phase I This research methodapplied posttest only control group design, conducted at BPM, Puskesmas Batu Aji Work Area on February-July 2018 with a total population of 3872 pregnant women and a sample of 60 respondents, sampling applied Accidental Sampling with a sample of 30 experimental groups and 30 control groups. Data was analyzed using test analysis techniquesT-Test. The results of the study found that the mean reduction in pain intensity in the control group 1.60 ± 0.498 and in the experimental group 0.50 ± 0.509 from 30 respondents in the control group and 30 experimental groups experienced a decrease in pain 1.1, then the results of the T-Test test p-value value 0,000 (p <0,05). The conclusionof this study there is the effect of lemon aromatherapy on reducing the intensity of labor pain. Suggestions Respondents are expected to apply aromatherapyfor maternal mother and community as an alternative treatment for people who experience labor pain .

Keikutsertaan dalam kelas antenatal Dapat menurunkan intensitas nyeri persalinan Kala 1 fase aktif

The antenatal classes are means of learning activity for pregnant woman, together in a group which aimed to increase their knowledge and skills. During the labor process, there are various problems that may occur in the mother, one of which is labor pain. Efforts that can be made to reduce the pain problems are through the implementation of antenatal classes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of antenatal classes and the intensity of labor pain during the active phase of labor. This is an observasional analytic study with cohort design in 33 mothers who attended the antenatal classes. The sampling tehnique that used is consecutive sampling and the data were analyzed by chi-square. As the results of data analysis on the relationship between the antenatal class and the intensity of labor pain during the first stage of active phase, the value of p = 0.000. The P value &lt; 0.05. The results of data analysis obtained that there was a relationship between the antenatal class and the intensity of the labor pain during the first stage of the active phase. Midwives are expected to be able to increase the quality of antenatal classes and can attract the interest of the community, especially pregnant woman to actively participate antenatal classes.

Pengaruh Terapi Murottal Al-Qur’an terhadap Penurunan Intensitas Nyeri Persalinan Kala 1 Fase Aktif Dilatasi Maksimal

Introduction: Pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques are methods used to reduce labor pain. Non-pharmacological techniques in the form of distraction by listening to the murottal Al-Qur'an can be an option. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of murottal Al-Qur'an therapy on reducing the intensity of labor pain during the 1st active phase. Method: The type of research used in this study was Pre Experiment, one group pretest-posttest research design. The population in this study were mothers who gave birth at the first stage of Sriwati PMB with a sample of 15 people. The pain was measured using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Statistical analysis used the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test with a confidence level of 95% (α = 0.05). The result of the statistical test, the value of p=0.001, which means that there is a significant difference in labor pain in women who give birth before and after listening to the Murottal Al-Qur'an. It is suggested to do non-pharmacological techniques to listen to Murottal Al-Qur'an as one of the techniques to reduce the first stage labor pain at PMB Sriwati.

Comparison of Patient-Controlled Epidural Analgesia (PCEA) with Basal Infusion and Programmed Intermittent Epidural Bolus (PIEB) with PCEA in Labour Analgesia – A One-Year Retrospective Study

Introduction: For the past thirty years, patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with basal infusion regimen has successfully improved the variable intensity of labour pain due to its advantage in allowing self-titration by the parturient. However, a recent review on programmed intermittent epidural bolus (PIEB) with PCEA regimen proved to be superior compared to PCEA with basal infusion, in terms of higher maternal satisfaction with longer duration of analgesia and lower local anaesthetic consumption. Following the introduction of PIEB at our institution, we did a study to compare maternal satisfaction, mode of delivery and neonatal outcome between these two methods of epidural labour analgesia. Methodology: We conducted a one-year retrospective analysis of data from obstetric analgesia service (OAS) record sheet and hospital information system evaluating outcomes after labour analgesia delivered by PCEA with basal infusion regimen (PCEA + basal infusion) and PIEB with PCEA regimen (PIEB+PCEA). The primary outcome was maternal satisfaction towards their labour analgesia. Other outcome parameters were the mode of delivery and neonatal Apgar scores. Outcomes were compared using independent t-test and Chi-square test. Result: There was no significant difference in maternal satisfaction between the two groups (P=0.398). However, a higher percentage of excellent satisfaction was found in the PIEB + PCEA group compared to that in the PCEA + basal infusion group (PIEB+PCEA 146/172 (84.9%) vs PCEA + basal infusion 138/171 (80.7%) respectively). There was no significant difference in the mode of delivery (P=0.296). However, PIEB+PCEA group had a higher percentage of spontaneous vaginal deliveries (PIEB+PCEA 87/172 (50.6%) vs PCEA + basal infusion 70/171 (40.9%) respectively) and a lower percentage of Caesarean deliveries (PIEB + PCEA 71/172 (41.3%) vs PCEA + basal infusion 87/171 (50.9%) respectively). Despite statistically significant differences found in Apgar scores in 1 minute (P=0.036), there was no significant difference in the scores at 5 minutes (P=0.107). Apgar scores and mean (SD) at 1 minute and 5 minutes for PIEB + PCEA were 7.77(0.85) and 8.91(0.55) respectively, and for PCEA + basal infusion the scores at 1 minute and 5 minutes were 7.92(0.39) and 8.98(0.19) respectively. Conclusion: PIEB with PCEA regimen is a newer epidural delivery technique for labour analgesia in our centre, which produced a comparable outcome to PCEA with basal infusion regimen.

The effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation during the first stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundLabor pain during childbirth can have devastating effects on the progress of labor, mother, and fetus. Consequently, the management of labor pain is crucial for the well-being of the mother and fetus. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non -pharmacological analgesic technique. It uses a low-voltage electrical current to activate descending inhibitory systems in the central nervous system to relieve pain. This study aimed to determine the effects of TENS therapy in the first stage of labor.MethodsIn this single-blind randomized controlled trial, we screened low-risk pregnant women who anticipated spontaneous vaginal delivery. Women were assigned (1:1) to either the experimental group (received TENS therapy in the first stage of labor) or the control group (received routine obstetric care). The women, midwives, and researchers working in the gynecology and obstetric department were aware of the treatment group, but statisticians analysis the data were blinded. The primary outcome was labor pain intensity, assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) immediately after the randomization, at 30, 60, and 120 min after TENS therapy, and 2–24 h post-delivery. We used SPSS 21.0 software in data analysis. An independent sample t-test compared the mean VAS scores and labor duration between groups. A Chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables between the groups. A significant level of ≤0.05 was statistically significant.ResultsA total of 326 pregnant women were eligible: experimental group (n = 161) and control group (n = 165). The experimental group had statistically significantly lower mean VAS scores at a different time (30, 60, and 120 min post-intervention and 2–24 h post-delivery) than the control group (p < 0.001). The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant shorter duration of the active labor phase than the control group (p < 0.001).ConclusionThis study indicates that TENS can be used as a non-pharmacological therapy to reduce pain and shorten the active labor phase.Trial registrationISRCTN registry, ISRCTN23857995. Registered on 11/12/2020, ‘retrospectively registered.

The Effectiveness of the Combination of Aromatherapy and Back Massage on Normal Labor Pain Intensity in Stage I of Active Phase in Puskesmas Pontianak City Indonesia

Parturition pain is a problem that is felt by a mother during labor that causes excessive fear and anxiety to the mother and her family so that intervention is needed in dealing with pain. The purpose of this study to analyze the effectiveness of combination of aromatherapy and back-massage on parturition pain during the first stage of active phase of normal labor. This study used a quasi-experimental design with two groups with a sample of 60 mothers. This research was conducted at a community health center that provides maternity services in Pontianak City. Pre-test and post-test nonequivalent control group design was conducted where the researcher did not do randomization. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test. The test results showed that the intervention group had a value of ρ 0,0001 &lt;0.05 and the control group produced a value of ρ 0.001 &lt;0.05. This means there are differences in the level of pain before and after treatment. Likewise, the Mann-Whitney U-Test statistical test results showed a value of ρ 0.001 &lt;0.05, which means that there are differences in pain intensity between the group of mothers who were given a combination of aromatherapy and back massage and the other group of mothers who got deep breathing relaxation during the process of labor. The combination of aromatherapy and back massage is effective in reducing pain in normal labor in the first phase of the active phase. This therapy is expected to be used as an alternative intervention for a mother in active phase of labor, especially to reduce the intensity of pain in the first phase of the active phase of normal labor.

The Effect of Accupressure on Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Birth Delivery Pain in Pregnant Women: A Meta Analysis

Background: Nausea and vomiting in preg­nancy is a common condition experienced by 50-80% of pregnant women between 6 to 12 weeks of pregnancy. Acupressure stimulation can stimulate and increase blood circulation and vital energy, so as to maintain normal body functions. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acupres­ure on hyper­emesis gravidarum and labor pain in pregnant and childbirth women . Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic study. The articles used were obtained from PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar. The inclusion criteria used were full text articles with Randomized Control Trial (RCT) design. Research subjects are preg­nant women or giving birth. The intervention given was acupressure with the comparison not being given acupressure or fake acupressure, articles published in English and Indonesian. The PICO research problems were as follows: Population= pregnant women and childbirth, Intervention= giving acupressure, Compa­rison= sham acupressure or without acupres­sure, Outcome= reduced intensity of nausea and vomiting and labor pain. The study was conducted using an effect size (Standardized Mean Difference). Meta-analysis was carried out using RevMan 5.3 with a random effect model. Results: A total of 20 articles were reviewed in a meta-analysis in this study. Meta-analysis of 9 articles showed acupressure was effective in reducing hyperemesis gravidarum. Pregnant women who received acupressure therapy expe­rienced hyperemesis gravidarum 0.8 units lower than those without acupressure (SMD=-0.84; 95% CI= -1.18 to -0.5; p<0.001). A meta-analysis of 11 articles showed that acupressure was effective in reducing labor pain. Pregnant women who received acupressure therapy experienced labor pain 1.8 units lower than without acupressure (SMD= -1.83; 95% CI= -2.37 to -1.29; p < 0.001). Conclusion: Acupressure can reduce the intensity of nausea and vomiting in pregnant women who experience hyperemesis gravi­darum as well as the intensity of labor pain in pregnant women. Keywords: Acupressure, hyperemesis gravidarum, labor pain, meta analysis Correspondence: Alfira Fitriana. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl.Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: firafitriana01@gmail.com. Mobile: 085812071211. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2021), 06(03): 365-375 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2021.06.03.11

Pengaruh Massage Efflurage terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Persalinan dan Pembukaan Jalan Lahir Fase Aktif

Massage effleurage is a touch or gentle, slow, long and unbroken stroke using the tips of the fingers. This massage effleurage aims to make mothers feel comfortable and relaxed, close the gate of pain and increase endorphin hormone production. This study aims to determine whether there is an effect of massage effleurage on labor pain intensity and opening of the first phase of the birth pathway in the active phase at the Pratama Nining Pelawati Clinic, Lubuk Pakam District. The research method used was quasi-experimental (Quasi Experiment) with one group pre-test and post-test design. The population in this study were all mothers in the first phase of primigravida, the sample in this study was 18 respondents with a sampling technique using accidental sampling in accordance with inclusion criteria. The results showed that by using the Paired Sample T-Test analysis of massage effleurage to reduce the intensity of labor pain where the p-value of 0.001 &lt;α = 0.05, it can be concluded that there was an effect of giving massage effleurage on the intensity of the first stage of postgravida pain active phase. However, there is no effect of giving massage effleurage to the acceleration of opening of the birth canal.

Teknik Rebozo terhadap Intensitas Nyeri Kala I Fase Aktif dan Lamanya Persalinan pada Ibu Multigravida

This study aims to determine Rebozo Shake The Apples (RSTA) effectiveness and Rebozo Sifting While Lying Down (RSWLD) on the intensity of pain during the first stage of the active phase and the duration of labor in multigravida mothers. This research method is a quasi-experiment with two group pre and post design. This study indicates that there is a difference in the mean intensity of pain in the first stage of active labor in multigravida mothers before and after giving RSTA &amp; RSWLD (p-value = 0.007). Whereas in the length of work, there was no significant difference in the average size of labor between the RSTA and RSWLD technique interventions (p-value = 0.351), and the effectiveness of the two Rebozo techniques had the same variant, meaning they were equally effective in diverting labor pain during the active phase and duration of delivery (p-value = 0.118). In conclusion, they are giving RSTA, and RSWLD can delay labor pain intensity during the first stage of the active phase and the duration of labor in multigravida mothers.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: Pain intensity, duration of labor, Multigravida, Rebozo technique

Application Of The WBZ (Warm Belt Zinger) Method To The Intensity Of Labor Pain At The BL 31-32 Meridian Points In PMB Semarang City

The research purposes to find out the effectiveness of WBZ (Warm Belt Zinger) and warm compresses at the meridian points BL 31 and 32 on the intensity of labor pain during. The pain that a woman experiences while entering labor is a physiological process. Labor pain is the most severe thing felt by women throughout their life. Non-pharmacological efforts are needed to reduce labor pain. Types of research was quasi-experiment with pretest-posttest with control design. The sampling technique used was accidental sampling with sample size of 30 people and divided into two groups intervention WBZ n=15 and control (warm compress) n=15. The subjects were the mothers who gave birth in were in the first phase of the active phase (4-10 cm opening). There was differences in first time pain in the maternity before and after the WBZ group (p-value = 0.000). There was a difference in first-time pain in the maternity before and after in the warm compress (p-value = 0.000). Statistical test results WBZ and warm compresses are effective for decrease the pain in first stage labor (p-value = 0.001). WBZ and warm compresses effective to reduce labor pain in the first stage.&#x0D; &#x0D; Keywords: ginger compress; warm compress; meridian points bl 31 and 32; intensity of labor pain

The Effectiveness Of Birthing Ball Therapy On The Duration Of The First Stage Of Labor And The Intensity Of Labor Pain In Primigravid Mothers Giving Births

This type of research is an observational analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sampling technique used Simple Random Sampling. The sample size was 40 mothers with the division of 20 mothers used birthing ball therapy and 20 mothers did not use birthing ball therapy. Data collection tools were observation sheets. Data analysis was performed using Chi-Square and Multiple Logistic Regression analysis. There was a positive effect of using the Birth Ball with the duration of the first stage of labor of (OR = 5.19; CI = 95%; 1.06 to 25.4; p = 0.042), the use of the Birth Ball with the intensity of labor pain of (OR = 7.57; CI = 95%; 1.53 to 37.3; p = 0.013) and it was statistically significant. The use of a birthball has been shown to be effective in shortening the first stage of labor and reducing the intensity of pain