Kryvyi Rih City Research Articles

Water reservoirs and the war in Ukraine: environmental problems

The aim of this article is to analyze the consequences of the military invasion of the Russian Federation on February 24, 2022 on the water bodies of Ukraine. In particular, this article presents an analysis of the consequences of military operations on reservoirs.
 In order to prevent the enemy from reaching the dam of the Kyiv Reservoir and to protect Kyiv from the aggressor in late February-early March of this year, the sluice of the pumping station on the Kozarovychi Dam was blown up. Because, the possible destruction of this dam could have enormous destructive consequences for the entire cascade of reservoirs and the territories adjacent to them. As a result, a huge area of about 2,500 hectares of the Irpin’ floodplain was flooded, fundamentally changing both the military and the environmental situation.
 Also, Russian troops launched a missile attack on the dam of the Karachuniv Reservoir near the Kryvyi Rih city. The water level in the Ingulets River rose sharply by 2 meters, flooding the territories near the river, including part of the Kryvyi Rih city. The ecological condition of this territory was significantly damaged, private buildings were heavily flooded. Water quality in this river has deteriorated, the content of nitrogen and other elements has increased in it. The Oskol Reservoir in the east of Ukraine was also destroyed. As a result of the leakage of a significant amount of water, the muddy bottom has been exposed to water and is subject to wind erosion. The hydrological regime of the coastal area has changed. Rare species of flora and young fish population have been lost.
 Destruction of reservoirs and damage to the environment will continue until the war ends. And it is necessary to do everything possible so that it ends as soon as possible

Territorial assessment of the ecological and social comfort of the population living environment of large industrial cities (by the example of Kryvyi Rih)

Providing a favourable and comfortable living environment for the population is one of the main tasks of optimising urban development. The level of comfort is formed with the territorial interaction of natural and socio-economic conditions for the region’s development. This interaction is especially manifested in large industrial centres, characterised by a strong negative anthropogenic impact on the environment. The territorial assessment of the comfort of the living environment involves a comprehensive spatial analysis of the population comfort main factors. The purpose of this work is a spatial analysis of the population living comfort of one of the most industrialised regions not only Ukraine, but also Europe – the city of Kryvyi Rih. Functional zoning was carried out using GIS Map Info with the allocation of the following areas: residential zones, public and business zones, industry and warehouse zones, resort and recreation zones. The distribution of the residential area according to the level of comfort of the population living environment was carried out according to 3 groups of factors: transport accessibility, development of social infrastructure and ecological state. The first group characterises the habitat from the point of view of the city’s provision with transport routes for various types of public transport. The second group characterises the population’s social conditions, namely the number of educational, cultural and medical institutions. The third block includes the ecological state of the territory according to the criterion of atmospheric pollution. The method of scoring made it possible to compare individual parts of the area under study across the entire range of natural, ecological and social population comfort. The combination of indicators of the totality of all three groups factors was carried out using overlay operations. As a result of the research, a map characterising the spatial differentiation of indicators of the living comfort in the city of Kryvyi Rih has been created. The specialisation of the city as a large industrial centre has determined the leading role of the group of environmental indicators in the situational model of the living environment comfort in the region.

A study of the properties of the tectonic structure of the Kryvyi Rih city based on statistical analysis of seismicity

The article concerns results of studying two significant seismic events — an explosion (23.09.2020 09:00) and an earthquake (30.09.2020 20:00), which occurred in the area of the city of Kryvyi Rih. There were developed algorithms to process records by the Kryvyi Rih seismic station. There was done a comprehensive interpretation of the seismologic and geological-geophysical data. The seismic events’ coordinates were determined, the quality of seismological data processing was evaluated based on the expert method, the level of trustworthiness of the resulting parameters was estimated. The nature of the eathquake’s origin was analyzed based on the shape and the records’. The structure of the mechanism of the earthquake center shows that this was a natural seismic event of the induced type. The article also provides results of geotectonics study of the region of its origin and shows the connection of the geological structures with the epicenter’s parameters. The parameters of the stress-strain state of the crust in the Kryvyi Rih iron-ore basin are calculated, and the parameters of the epicenter of the induced earthquake (2020.09.30 20:00:40.836, UTC) are established. The experimentally calculated depth of the epicenter of local earthquake coincides with the hypothetical depth of 15 km at the lower edge of faults according to the model of the distribution of the depths of the earthquake hypocenters on the Eastern European platform. The proposed methods and algorithms open new opportunities for modern geophysical research in the long-term seismic hazard assessment of Kryvyi Rih. Meanwhile, for a more precise determination of the place, time and nature of local seismic events in the area it is necessary to develop, here and on adjacent territories, a network of seismic stations capable of recording events of comparable and lesser magnitude.

ІНДУСТРІАЛЬНИЙ ТУРИЗМ: ЗМІСТ ТУРІВ (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КРИВОГО РОГУ)

Objective. The tourist market of Ukraine has undergone formats and redistribution of tourist flows due to the current situation. Already now we need to think about how to attract tourists in the future and offer them a variety of options for organizing recreation, which are designed to present not only the branded universally recognized tourist destinations of our country, but also to include new types of tourism and undeveloped locations in the tourist offer. Methodology. The research is based on the well-known principles of tour development, formulated by O.O. Lyubitseva. The study is based on the dialectical method of cognition and systematic approach. The main scientific results are obtained using a complex of general scientific methods, namely: theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study are scientific works on this problem of domestic and foreign scientists, Internet resources and local history materials. Information on the resource of industrial tourism in the city of Kryvyi Rih is taken from the authors' own research and practical activities in the development of the city's tourism sector. Results. The importance of the development of various forms and types of tourism for both classical tourist centers of Ukraine and for cities that are not perceived as tourist destinations is substantiated. The principles of development of industrial tours are substantiated and specific features of these tours are highlighted. On the example of the city of Kryvyi Rih, the existing potential for attracting visitors in the process of industrial tourism development is revealed, the main types of objects for visiting are highlighted. The variant of the basic complex tour of industrial subjects, designed for a wide contingent of visitors, is proposed. Scientific novelty. The experience of organizing excursions and tours of industrial subjects both in Ukraine and abroad is studied. Information about the principles of creating tours of industrial themes is systematized, specific features of the organization of these tours are revealed. Practical significance. On the basis of numerous expeditionary studies of the territory of Kryvyi Rih, the authors selected objects that are the basis of a comprehensive one-day tour of industrial themes. This tour was tested during repeated tours to the city, organized by leading tour operators of domestic tourism.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES ACTIVITY: ECONOMIC DIMENSIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MUNICIPAL ENTITY

Objective. The objective of the article is to research modern approaches to the effectiveness of public authorities and the peculiarities of their economic assessment at the local level. Methods. The methods of theoretical search, analysis and synthesis, systematization and generalization, scientific abstraction, tabular method, and statistical research methods (for determining economic efficiency indicators) were used in the performance of this scientific research. Results. Based on the theoretical generalization of the approaches of Ukrainian scientists regarding the definition of the categories "management efficiency", "effectiveness" and "efficiency" in relation to the activities of public authorities (accepted for the state and municipal level as a single interpretation), it is determined that it is managerial, social, economic and political a category determined by the influence of the subject of management on the object of management with the aim of achieving the set goal (result), in which the object of management moves to a new state with the optimal use of resources needed to support such a transition. As a methodological basis, the work implements a mixed approach to evaluation, which is a compilation of the composite approach (which aims to determine the degree of influence of managerial work on the performance of the government body as a whole) and the multiple approach (which is an attempt to evaluate efficiency using generalizing indicators). With its use, an assessment of the economic efficiency of the municipal authorities of the city of Kryvyi Rih was carried out. By means of the analysis of indicators of resource strategic efficiency and general indicators of economic efficiency of public authorities (municipal authorities) of the city of Kryvyi Rih in 2019-2021, a high level of efficiency was ascertained, which ensures the return of all available resources of the territorial community and meets the goals of regional development and strategic interests of the state.

PUBLIC SERVICES AS AN OBJECT OF MANAGEMENT INFLUENCE IN LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES

Objective. The objective of the article is to clarify the essence of the "public services" category and to determine ways to improve the management processes of their provision in local self-government bodies. Methods. In the research process, a set of general scientific methods and techniques of research are applied: analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, grouping, induction, deduction. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research contains the provisions of the theory of management, public and state administration. In order to evaluate the process of providing public services in the conditions of local self-government bodies of the city of Kryvyi Rih, the SWOT analysis method is used. Results. In the study, based on the conducted content analysis of the approaches of scientists and practitioners, the category of "public service" is clarified. It should be understood as a special type of service, the result of the functioning of public authorities, aimed at the prompt resolution of socially significant problems and the implementation of state functions at all levels ( national and local). The analysis of the provision of public services in the conditions of the local self-government bodies of the city of Kryvyi Rih, carried out using the SWOT-analysis methodology adapted to the sphere of public administration, makes it possible to single out comparative advantages of this process (based on the analysis of strengths and opportunities), challenges for the management system of the provision of public services in the city (based on the analysis of weaknesses and opportunities), as well as identify the existing risks associated with this process of management and administration. It is determined that the improvement of the management process of the provision of public services in the city should be carried out within the framework of the implementation of the strategic program for the development of the public services system, the basis of which should be the following measures: 1. developing control mechanisms for the quality of the provision of public services by local self-government bodies; 2. developing an effective system of motivation of personnel providing public services; 3. reforming the approach to the personnel strategy of personnel formation and creating an emphasis on the educational level and specialty for which the future employee of the TsNP or department was educated; 4. ensuring interoperability.

PROBLEMS OF INVOLVING THE POPULATION IN THE ADMINISTRATIVE DECISION-MAKING AT THE LEVEL OF TERRITORIAL COMMUNITIES

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the involvement of the population of Kryvyi Rih in decision-making at the level of the territorial community Methods. To achieve the defined goal, the methods of generalization, analysis and synthesis, analogies, comparative comparison, theoretical-analytical method, analysis method, horizontal analysis, vertical analysis, trend analysis method are applied. Results. The results of population involvement in management decision-making at the level of the city of Kryvyi Rih during 2019-2021 are studied in terms of: dynamics and structure of appeals, electronic petitions; availability of self-organization bodies; implementation of the "Public Budget" program. The problems of the process of involving the public are highlighted, namely: the level of activity / involvement of the population in community management remains relatively low; a low level of transparency of activities of local self-government bodies was recorded (56.9 points out of a possible 100), which represents an obstacle to the involvement of the population in the management of the community; the low level of accountability of local self-government bodies was also noted (15.5 points out of 100 possible); the problem of using public participation tools during martial law. In further studies, it is planned to develop recommendations for solving the mentioned problems regarding the involvement of the population in making management decisions at the level of territorial communities.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION OF KRYVYІ RІH AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE TOURIST SPHERE OF THE CITY

Objective. The objective of the presented research is to assess the living standards of the population of Kryvyi Rih by means of analysis of the level of development of the tourist sphere of the city. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study is the achievements of foreign and domestic scientists on key parameters of quality of life. The source base for writing this survey is a variety of statistical materials that reflect the standard of living of Kryvyi Rih, as well as a marketing study in 2021 on the development of the tourism industry in Kryvyi Rih. In order to achieve this goal, general research methods are used, namely: empirical (observation, comparison, measurement), complex (analysis, synthesis), theoretical (convergence from abstract to concrete). Among special (economic-statistical) research methods, preference is given to graphical, correlation, componentanalytical and grouping methods. Results. The article highlights some indicators of the quality of life of the population against the background of existing leisure practices in Kryvyi Rih, in particular, the tourism sector of the city. This study analyzes the practices of domestic industrial tourism provided to residents of Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovsk region during 2021. Based on previous publications on the subject, the author testifies to the fact that there is a range of domestic tourism services, even during the COVID-19 pandemic. The investigation is based on materials prepared, processed and stored in the archives of Kryvyi Rih City Development Institute. This article has features of scientific novelty, because it contains previously unused content, in particular, the final results of representative marketing surveys using questionnaires, which were conducted among residents and guests of Kryvyi Rih. The subject of the author’s research is the sphere of tourism as an accentuated indicator of the quality of life of the population of a large industrial city. The central aspect of the study is the problem of accessibility of domestic tourism.

TRENDS OF CITIZENS' TRUST TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES IN KRYVIY RIH AND COMMUNICATIVE INCENTIVES FOR ITS INCREASE

Objective. The objective of the study is to determine the trends in citizens' trust in the local self-government bodies of Kryvyi Rih and to develop practical recommendations for ensuring effective communication between the local self-government bodies and the public, which would contribute to increasing the level of trust. Methods. When preparing the article, general and special methods of scientific research on the level of public trust are applied, such as empirical, in particular, observation, questionnaires, generalization of independent characteristics, methods of statistical analysis, in particular, consideration of the dynamics of the level of trust, determination of the main development trends, determination of shares, etc. The results. Aspects of the formation of trust in local self-government bodies are studied; its concept is revealed; and its place and role in the functioning of public institutions are shown. It is determined that the problem of a low level of civic activity and civic trust is due to the negative historical context (permanent corruption of the government, its inability to solve the problems of the country's citizens, human rights violations, etc.), the impact of the global pandemic of COVID-19, and the general quarantine, which led, according to the testimony of experts, to a significant deterioration of the socio-political climate in the regions and negative assessments of the activities of subjects of power and state institutions and institutions. It is noted that this leads to the spread of distrust and destructive attitudes among citizens, which can mean not only another deterioration of the authority's reputation but also creates the basis for mass protests with both social and political demands. It is emphasized that citizens' trust in public authorities should be considered, firstly, as one of the main factors increasing social well-being and, secondly, as a driving force for effective social development through the implementation of reforms. It should be noted that Ukrainian society in recent years has remained one of the most dissatisfied and distrustful in Europe. There is a low level of trust in government institutions, regardless of who heads them. The authors made an attempt to research the trends of citizens' trust in local self-government bodies using the example of interaction between local self-government bodies and the Kryvyi Rih community. It is emphasized that, despite the Kryvyi Rih City Council's sufficient efforts to ensure the improvement of public welfare and the quality of administrative service provision, the pole of citizen distrust significantly prevails, but these results can also be evidence that society is ready for changes and reforms in the field of local self-government. The authors propose a complex of strategically important measures, including communication measures, to increase the level of trust in local self-government bodies, which are of practical importance, especially at the present time when martial law is in effect on the territory of Ukraine. The authors believe that it is necessary to develop a crisis communication strategy known as "Friendly Self-Government," which would allow the Kryvyi Rih City Council to ensure proper crisis communication capacity through clear instructions on the procedure of actions of the main managers, members of the anti-crisis team, and spokespersons in the event of a crisis situation, and which would take into account the psychological burden residents of the community, allowing to redistribute resources.

Chronology of the use of woody plants in landscaping of Kryvyi Rih

Aim. Analysis of the chronological sequence of involvement of woody plants in landscaping of the city of Kryvyi Rih to develop conceptual foundations for their more effective use. Methods. Chronology of species implementation of woody plants in landscaping of the city were studied until the year 2000 on the basis of archival documents, scientific publications, as well as studies of the dendroflora of Kryvyi Rih. Results. In total, 185 species and forms of woody plants belonging to 82 genera were used in the landscaping of the city until the year 2000. In the period between 1870–1910, only 26 species were involved. In the postwar period (1945–1950), the number of species planted in the city was already 38 species, it increased significantly up to 78 species in the 1960s, and the maximum number of species - 90 was used in the landscaping of the city in the 1970s. In the first half of the twentieth century the most common species were members of the genus Acer L., among them A. negundo L., as well as Robinia pseudoacacia L.; species of the genera Ulmus L. and Fraxinus L. 1970–1980 years can be called the era of species of the genus Populus L. Conifers were solitarily planted in the city in the 1950s and 1960s, these are species of the genus Thuja L.and Juniperus L. In the late 1970s and 1980s, species of the genera Picea A. Dietr., Pinus L. and Taxus L. were massively introduced in the city. Today, such species as Picea pungens Engelm., as well as forms of P. pungens f. coerulea and P. pungens f. glauca is most represented among conifers in plantations, slightly less – Pinus pallasiana D. Don and P. sylvestris L. At this time and in the following years, Juniperus sabina L. is widespread in the city. Conclusions. In the urban environment of the XX century, the species, with a high level of vitality, primarily among deciduous Acer, Betula L., Catalpa Scop., Crataegus L., Fraxinus, Gleditsia L., Malus Mill., Morus L., Padellus Vass., Populus, Prunus L., Pyrus L., Quercus L., Rhus L., Sophora L., Tilia L., Ulmus proved to be stable and among coniferous — species of the genera Picea, Pinus, Taxus, Juniperus and Thuja, which are promising for further use.

Morphological parameters of stomata and the content of photosynthetic pigments in leaves of common reed (Рhragmites australis (Сav.) Trin. еx Steud.) under the influence of mines in the Kryvyi Rih city

The impact of anthropogenic activity on the biosphere is growing every year. Aquatic ecosystems are a component of the natural environment very sensitive to anthropogenic impact. Therefore, the study of the mechanisms of resistance of aquatic organisms, including macrophytes, to pollution of water bodies is becoming increasingly important. In order to study the impact of the mining industry on higher aquatic vegetation, we determined the size and number of stoma and the content and ratio of chlorophylls in the leaves of common reeds (Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. Ex Steud.) from different parts of the Saksagan River; return (rain and melt) water, in the place of release of return (rain and melt) water and below the release of return (rain and melt) water near the mine «Ternivska». The number and size of the closing cells of the stoma were determined on the prints of the epidermis on the abaxial side of the leaves of plants, which were examined under a microscope «Ulab XY-B2TLED» at a magnification of 20 and photographed with a digital camera «Sciencelab T500 5/17M» connected to it. The content of chlorophyll (Chl а, Chl b and total chlorophyll) was determined by the method of Wintermans J. F. G. M., De Mots A. (1965) in ethanolic extracts of reed leaves using a spectrophotometer «Ulab 102 Spectrophotomet». Mathematical processing of the results was performed by the variational-statistical method. All calculations were performed using the software package Statistica 6.0. It was found that the stoma on the abaxial side of common reed leaves from areas in place and below the release of return (rain and melt) water differ significantly in morphometric parameters from the stoma of plants from the area above the release of return (rain and melt) water. There was an increase in the density of stoma per unit area of the leaf in the leaves from the study areas with a greater impact of the activity of the mine «Ternivska». Changes in the content of chlorophyll and the ratio of chlorophyll forms (Chl a/Chl b) in the leaves of P. australis depending on the conditions of influence of the mine activity «Ternivska» were recorded. Changes in some indicators of the anatomical structure of leaves in the direction of xeromorphism and rearrangement of the photosynthetic apparatus in urban conditions can be considered as an adaptive response of common reed to environmental pollution.

The Positive Worldview of Teenage Schoolchildren as a Predictor of a Safe Educational Environment

The content of the article was determined by the problem of positive worldview formation of teenage schoolchildren as a predictor of a safe educational environment. The lack of qualitative characteristics of the educational environment and, in particular, its safety presupposes great difficulties in the personal development of schoolchildren during the period of maturation. Improving the level of psychological safety and psychological culture in the socio-cultural space is a preventative means of maintaining personal mental health. The early providing of purposeful psychological aid based on the principles of humanity and pragmatism determines the change in the mental reality of a person and limits the identification of psychopathological symptoms of development. The research was conducted on the basis of comprehensive schools of Kryvyi Rih city (Ukraine). To accomplish the task a comparative method of research organization (a cross section of data in different age groups of schoolchildren of the sample) was used. The methods employed in the research were designed to measure happiness in general, to estimate peculiarities of behavioral reactions in situations of uncertainty, to identify stress factors as positive worldview, confidence and constructive activity. For deeper analysis of the obtained data and revealing of dependence between indicators of worldview trends and the age of respondents a correlation analysis was carried out. The received data can be a basis for further research work in peculiarities of strategies of behavior of teenage schoolchildren.

Обґрунтування регіональної програми моніторингу за якістю атмосферного повітря у Дніпропетровській області

The air quality monitoring system in industrial cities is one of the systems for responding to risk factors in the public health system. The purpose of the study is, on the basis of a hygienic assessment of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks from exposure to specific pollutants in the cities of Dnipro, Kamenskoye, Kryvyi Rih, to substantiate a program for regional monitoring of atmospheric air quality. Materials and methods. To achieve this goal, the results of air quality studies in the largest industrial cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region – Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih and Kamenskoe for the period 2005-2019 were analyzed in terms of phenol, formaldehyde, benzene, xylene and toluene, and carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks to public health were calculated in these cities. Results and discussion. According to the results of the study, individual carcinogenic risks in all three cities in terms of formaldehyde are medium, and in terms of benzene are high. The population carcinogenic risk ranges from 200-269 additional cases of cancer from exposure to formaldehyde and 3727-4426 additional cases of cancer from chronic inhalation exposure to benzene. The calculation of non-carcinogenic risks identified the priority specific air pollutants in the cities under study, as well as the main target organs. So the main systems that are influenced by the action of the studied chemicals are the central nervous system, the general development of the body and the blood system. Based on the risk assessment, it was established that it is necessary to include the Kamenskoye metro station for regional monitoring. It is necessary to include all pollutants from List A to the minimum list of investigated chemicals, and for the city of Dnipro and Kamenskoye it is additionally necessary to carry out studies of phenol, formaldehyde and toluene and in the city of Kryvyi Rih – formaldehyde and toluene. The mechanism of data processing and interaction between the subjects of monitoring has been substantiated for the timely identification of risks and the development of necessary preventive measures for risk management. Conclusion. It was found that carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks in industrial cities of the Dnipropetrovsk region are not acceptable. The existing monitoring system does not fully comply with the current requirements. The minimum program of the regional air quality monitoring system in the Dnipropetrovsk region has been scientifically substantiated

On the eve of adversity: scientific works of universities and institutions of the USSR in 1941

This article raises the issue of research heritage accumulated in the USSR. This exploration is devoted to works published by teachers of Ukrainian universities and institutes that is 1941, that is shortly before Hitler's German attack on the USSR. Based on the elaborated generality of scientific periodicals of the Ukrainian SSR, the author claims that at that time the research of universities approached parity relations with the academic science of that time, significantly complementing the latter with research experience of both central and peripheral educational institutions. The article considers works from various scientific fields, which gives grounds to speak about the diversity of the development of Ukrainian Soviet science within the walls of higher educational institutions. The investigation is based on the materials of the State Archive of the Press of the Book Chamber of Ukraine named after Ivan Fedorov, in particular, continuing publications of the Kyiv State University named after T. G. Shevchenko, Kharkiv, Odessa, Cherkasy, Sumy and Kryvyi Rih state pedagogical institutes. Particular attention is paid to the collection of scientific works of the Kryvyi Rih STI, because the city of Kryvyi Rih, christened the "iron ore capital of Ukraine", except for a short (1923—1931) district status, has always been on the periphery, so the powerful development of local science, of course, impressive. The emotional factor of the reconnaissance is quite clear, based on the fact that the war started completely unexpectedly — university and institute teachers worked in the usual way, publishing their scientific works, literally, on the eve of the terrible disaster that befell the country. The most relevant statement of the author today is the 100% dominant Ukrainian language of scientific works of teachers of pre-war universities, which testifies to the success of the Bolsheviks' policy of Ukrainization of the Ukrainian SSR implemented in practice.

SERVICES OF LOCAL PRODUCERS AS A PARAMETER OF QUALITY OF LIFE OF THE POPULATION OF KRYVYI RIH

Objective. The objective of the article is to study the problem of providing services to the population in the regional dimension. Methods. The theoretical basis of the study are the achievements of foreign and domestic scientists in management decisions and their justification. To achieve this goal, the following research methods are used: analysis of statistical data, analysis of marketing research "The state of the service market in Kryvyi Rih." Results. The presented article brings about the issue of the quality of human life in the modern world on the basis of such an important parameter as the provision of various social services. This survey is devoted to the study of social services provided to residents of the city of Kryvyi Rih, Dnipropetrovsk region during 2020. Analyzing previous publications on the topic, the author testifies to the fact that there is a wide range of services in the field of public administration and the emphasis on social services in the context of social protection and decentralization of power. The purpose of the presented study is to study the problem of providing services to the population in the regional dimension. The reconnaissance is written on the materials prepared, processed and stored in the archives of the municipal enterprise "Institute of Development of the City of Kryvyi Rih". This article has scientific novelty, because it contains previously unused content, in particular, the final results of representative sociological surveys according to the method of questionnaires, which were conducted among the residents of Kryvyi Rih. The subject of the author's research are the services most in demand by ordinary citizens, such as: hairdressing, individual tailoring or repair of clothing and footwear, catering, leisure, care for the elderly and more. The central aspect of the study is the problem of availability and quality of medical services, which is especially relevant in a pandemic.

Magnetic particles in the sediments of the south Ukraine rivers as the marker of the technogenic impact on the hydroecosystems

Long-term and large-scale man-made activity in the mining areas affects to all components of the biosphere. The result of mining impact on hydroecosystems is addition to natural sources of sedimentary material technogenic components in large volumes. Magnetic particles are one of technogenic components which come with surface run-off to the river bed. We have studied the content of magnetic particles in the sediments of the south Ukraine rivers: the Inhulets River and the Inhul River ‒ the tributaries of the Dnieper and the Southern Buh, respectively. The Inhulets River flows along the Kryvyi Rih iron ore deposit, parallel the river there is a chain of open-pits, mines, mining and processing plants, a metallurgical plant. The results of our research were demonstrated within the Kryvyi Rih industrial agglomeration a number of magnetic particles in the sediment samples varies from 59,5% to 2,1%. Upstream from the Kryvyi Rih city on 10-15 km a number of magnetic particles is within 1,5%. Based on numerous sources of literature and own researches, it has been determined that detection of magnetic particles and properties is a convenient, cheap, quick and informative method of technogenic pollution studying of river sediments and also mirror the industrial history of the region.

EVALUATION OF EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF THE TERRITORIAL COMMUNITY IN THE KRYVY RIH CITY MANAGEMENT UNDER CONDITIONS OF DECENTRALIZATION

Objective. The objective of the study is to assess the effectiveness of the financial resources management of the territorial community of the Kryvyi Rih city in the context of decentralization and to identify the alternative sources of funding for the city development based on the effectiveness of the formation, the use of its budget and tax capacity. Methods. In preparing the article, general and special methods of scientific research of economic processes are used, in particular, a systematic approach, comparison, grouping, detailing, generalization, methods of statistical analysis, and others. Results. The possibilities of the formation of an effective budget of the territorial community on the example of the Kryvyi Rih city are investigated. It is determined that the revenues are given a central place in ensuring the financial independence of the territorial community, and the local taxes and fees are the main source of increasing the local budget. The analysis of the state of execution of budget revenues of the city of Kryvyi Rih for 2018–2020 is carried out. It is noted that despite the numerous crisis phenomena, including the COVID-19 pandemic, the city ensured the implementation of the budget by 87.7 % for the period of the 2020 year. It is emphasized that it is impossible to speak about the effectiveness of the formation of the revenue side of the city budget without an analysis of the expenditures, especially in terms of comparing social expenditures and expenditures aimed at ensuring the strategic economic development programs. The analysis of the state of the execution of the budget expenditures in Kryvyi Rih for 2018–2020 allowed the authors to make a conclusion about the social direction of the expenditure policy, which is characterized by a constant increase in the need for the financial resources for the social expenditures and requires the constant growth of the local budget revenues. However, in the context of the general economic instability and the long-term development of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is difficult for the city to compensate for losses and to ensure the effective development. The authors offered a set of the strategically important measures that will help increase revenues to the city’s budget. Among these measures: strengthening the fruitfulness of cooperation with stakeholders in terms of job creation; development of economic platforms to promote the convergence of the interests of participants in the resource system, formed on the model of the interaction between the government and business and the formation of the economic basis of the community development and the joint social responsibility of the government and business for the future of the community; creating a favorable business and investment environment for business development and taxation system culture.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND MANAGEMENT WORK OF SCIENTISTTEACHER P SHEVCHENKO

The importance of taking into account the positive achievements of domestic pedagogy for the development of modern education, especially in the context of intensification of the process of decentralization of local government. The purpose of the article was to highlight the pedagogical experience of P I Shevchenko, former rector of Kryvyi Rih State Pedagogical University, as head of the city (Kryvyi Rih) Department of Public Education from August 1965 to October 1979, to study the longevity of previous management ideas and theories as a methodological guide for modern education managers. Leading research methods: analysis and generalization of archival material, problem and retrospective analysis. The study of documentary sources of the Dnieper Regional State Archive (Kryvyi Rih City Executive Committee Department), which contains material from P I Shevchenko’s reports at city meetings of Kryvyi Rih school principals, identified a range of issues that were of priority importance in the organizational and managerial work of the scientist-teacher. It was revealed that during his work P. Shevchenko solved the issues of development of educational infrastructure of the whole city and adjacent districts, ensuring sustainable functioning of schools, preschool, out-of-school, vocational educational institutions of the city and adjacent districts.Within his official powers, P. Shevchenko also took care of preschool institutions, demanded to pay attention to the caloric content and variety of baby food, compliance with sanitary and hygienic norms in the institution, timely repairs in kindergartens, improvement of playgrounds and more. The regional peculiarities of the city, which were characterized by the rapid development of metallurgical production, required systematic career guidance work, to which, first of all, the lessons of labor training were directed. The articulation of these issues before the educators of the city was leading in the activities of P. Shevchenko in the late 70’s of the twentieth century.The appeal to the documents that left the imprint of P. Shevchenko’s organizational and managerial work as the head of the city department of public education proves the consistent implementation in his managerial activity of the idea of combining study and work, the idea that is now called dual education. In his work, P. Shevchenko was guided by the then decisions of party institutions, but the priority in his work was a personal interest in solving the problems of that time, which was manifested in his ability to form strategic goals and determine the algorithm of priority actions for their implementation. It is proved that P. Shevchenko’s activity was concentrated around the problems of the educational branch of the city, pedagogical collectives, apprentices, which were considered as a guarantee of successful social and economic development of the state.

THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE "CASE STUDIES METHOD" AND THE "CASE ANALYSIS METHOD". FEATURES OF USING THE CASE STUDIES METHOD IN METHODICAL TRAINING OF FUTURE TEACHERS OF ECONOMICS

The article considers the Case Studies method as one of the effective interactive teaching methods used by us in the methodological training of future teachers of economics in the system of university education. One of the main tasks in the methodological training of teachers of economics is to change the status of the student from the object to the subject of the educational process. Thanks to interactive teaching methods, which include the Case Studies method, the student acts not as a passive object of pedagogical management and accumulation of knowledge, but primarily as a subject of cognitive activity, who with it’s activity significantly affects the learning outcomes. Attention is focused on substantiating the difference between the "Case Studies method" and the "case analysis method". Since we are engaged in methodological training of future teachers of economics, we believe that the teacher of economics needs to understand and distinguish between concepts such as "analysis of specific situations" and "case study method". to use this terminology correctly in the further methodical activity and to methodologically correctly organize and produce seminar-practical employment in the practical methodical activity. The meaning characteristic of stages (sequence of actions of training) by a method of Case Studies is given.The Case Studies method is usually used in university education, but we have proved that it is possible to use the Case Studies method not only in university education, but also in senior classes of secondary schools when studying the subject "Fundamentals of Economics". The application of this method was tested in the gymnasium № 95 in the city of Kryvyi Rih.

A Model for the Formation of Secondary Linguistic Personality through Work with Precedent Cultural Phenomena during Сlasses in the Russian Language as a Foreign Language

Introduction. This article considers the problem of the formation of a secondary linguistic personality through work with precedent phenomena of culture, but it does not cover all its aspects. Our purpose is to describe a model of formation of a secondary linguistic personality by dealing with the precedent phenomena of culture during Russian language lessons as a foreign language. Materials and Methods. Pedagogical forecasting and modeling were used to optimize and detail the process of the formation of a secondary linguistic personality through work with precedent cultural phenomena. To determine the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the study, statistical methods of quantitative and qualitative data processing were used (Student’s t-test). The pedagogical experiment involved schoolchildren of two secondary schools of Kryvyi Rih city (Ukraine). The sample consisted of 82 fifth-grade high school students. At the ascertaining stage, the questionnaire was conducted; at the formative stage, training was conducted typically in the control group; in the experimental group, based on the developed model; at the control stage, repeated questioning and interviews were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the model. Results. The use of the model in the learning process forms not only theoretical knowledge of the precedent phenomena of culture but also the practical skill of their use, facilitates intercultural communication, which contributes to the formation of a secondary language personality. The developed model of working with precedent cultural phenomena proved to be an effective auxiliary tool in the formation of the secondary linguistic personality. Precedent cultural phenomena can become the foundation for creating end-to-end curricula, a tool for creating didactic material taking into account innovative technologies, and the basis of training courses. Discussion and Conclusion. The results of this research work may be useful for secondary and higher school teaching staff of Russian as a foreign language.