Korea Research Research Articles

Analysis of Research Trends Using G-power in Physiotherapy Research in Korea: Systematic Review

Purpose: This study examined the research trends using G-power centered on major Korean registered sites and presents the research trends of studies with a high level of evidence. Method: This study selected three research journals listed in the Korea Research Foundation among physical therapy journals in the field of physiotherapy. The selected papers were classified according to the following: 1) study type, 2) study level, and 3) quality of the study. Result: Sixty-nine articles were selected and classified according to the study type. The musculoskeletal system, central nervous system, and others comprised 73.91% (n=51), 17.39% (n=12), and 8.7% (n=6), respectively. The results were classified into 62 experimental studies, four observational analytic studies, and three descriptive studies. The experimental studies included 22 randomized controlled trials (level 2) and 40 non-randomized trials (level 3). Sixteen randomized controlled trials were classified for a qualitative evaluation, and 12 papers with a score of six or more (good) were found. Conclusion: Many high-level studies were found in G-power, and the quality of the study was also good. Therefore, the effective number of samples obtained using G-power is one of the ways to enable high-quality research.

기초 과학과 기초 연구의 사이에서: 기초 과학 육성 정책과 기초과학연구진흥법의 등장

The Basic Science Research Promotion Act, enacted in 1989, is evaluated as the first legal device used to support basic science research in Korea. Before the law was enacted, basic scientists and the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) had to go through a period of mediation over the definitions of basic science and the targets of support. This paper seeks to reveal the meaning and dynamics contained by this law by tracing the demands of the basic scientists and the developments of related policies, and analyzing the actual process of enacting the bill. I would like to make the following arguments: First, the 1987 democratization movement was behind MOST’s change of its policy to establish the Basic Science Research Institute to build a basic science support research center. Second, the enactment of the Basic Science Research Promotion Act is a result of more reflection on the MOST’s plan, which expanded the scope of basic research and emphasized its connection with industrial developments. Third, the rhetoric of basic scientists who set the ultimate goal of basic science as industrial technology development forced themselves to follow MOST’s intentions in the legislation process.

문학교육 연구에서 독자 반응 이론의 행방(行方)과 향방(向方) - 1985년 이후 국내 연구를 중심으로 -

문학교육 연구에서 독자 반응 이론의 행방(行方)과 향방(向方) - 1985년 이후 국내 연구를 중심으로 -

Trends Analysis of Early Childhood STEAM Education Research in Korea

Trends Analysis of Early Childhood STEAM Education Research in Korea

Leader-Member Exchange(LMX) : A Review and Directions for Future Research in Korea

Leader-Member Exchange(LMX) : A Review and Directions for Future Research in Korea

The trend and direction of mathematics education research in Korea

The trend and direction of mathematics education research in Korea

Our knowledge of Covid-19 is expanding and accelerating fast.

Atreya et al. underscore the importance of community-based palliative care during the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic in the Current Issue of the Journal.[1] Due to several local and intermittent restrictions on commutation, for rightful reasons, and when it is not possible and safe for patients and their caregivers to move freely, teleconsultation and App-based care are emerging as alternative management strategies. In their Editorial, the authors illustrate its importance, usefulness, pragmatic value, and limitations to family physicians, who are serving patients—sometimes taking extraordinary risks. When in-person care is not there in sight in foreseeable future; proper, easy to implement, and economic guidance to household members and their primary physicians by specialists is the need of the hour and should usher us the path in these difficult times. Table 2 of the write up has a title “Symptom management in a community-based palliative care.” In that table, the authors suggest various measures to alleviate a few common distressing symptoms in a way the infection does not spread to others. However, we need to realize that now we know a subgroup of Coronavirus patients who do not have symptoms at all but still carry a poor prognosis. Quinn et al. at University of Edinburgh write their experiences about managing some patients who arrived at their Center having apparently stable illness, yet had a happy hypoxia syndrome and could not be saved.[2] Its mechanism is not clear but a few authors suggest a possibility of autonomic neuropathy in nerves innervating respiratory system.[3] Recognition of the specific condition may not be of much value to those having an otherwise terminal illness but if that is not realized early on in the course of their illness, unsuspecting staff and fellow patients may come in contact with such patients and they may get infected. Recently researchers in Korea highlight that asymptomatic patients have the same amount of viral load as their symptomatic counterparts.[4] Hence if suspected early, and then isolated, other persons may avoid this unnecessary exposure to the virus. In this pandemic times when already several healthcare workers have succumbed to the germ and several need to be quarantined and then followed up meticulously, ensuring the safety of our staff and their genuine interests is the most important job of our collective intellect. To raise morale of our staff, we need to assure them of our sustained kosher concern for protecting their well-being. Although recognition of some salvageable illness in an otherwise healthy individual may require an all-out approach, that may not be necessarily true for those having comorbidities or having some terminal illness. Having recognized the dilemma and absence of clear preexisting rules as well as futility of aggressive care in this group of patients, recently Indian Council of Medical Research issued a Do Not Attempt Resuscitation guidelines and that is under debate at several platforms.[5] Even otherwise we, as a physician, always weigh benefits versus risks of each and every intervention to each patient and similar calculation should show us the way ahead. Financial support and sponsorship Nil. Conflicts of interest There are no conflicts of interest.

The Impact of COVID-19 on the Conduct of Clinical Trials for Medical Products in Korea.

BackgroundThe number of clinical trials conducted in Korea continues to increase and an increasing proportion focus on severe and rare incurable diseases. After the start of the severe acute respiratory syndrome, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC) developed guidelines to prevent the spread of infection. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 and the KCDC guideline on the conduct of clinical research in Korea. The purpose was to develop recommendations on how to minimize the risk of infection while enabling subjects to take part in the trials if no better alternative treatment options were available.MethodsThe impact on subject's scheduled visits and major milestones of clinical trials in Korea were measured by conducting a survey among clinical project manager (CPMs) working at global clinical research organization. The policy on monitor's access to hospital and site initiation meetings was investigated through correspondence with clinical trial center of 39 hospitals. The Top 25 pharmaceutical companies' official press and public clinical trial registry database were used to analyze companies' trial strategy during the pandemic and COVID-19 clinical research status, respectively.ResultsOf 85 CPMs, 12% reported that trial subjects' scheduled visits had been affected in their project. Monitors' access to hospital for source data verification was restricted at all sites in February 2020. Accordingly, 43% of 105 CPMs reported that the COVID-19 epidemic had an effect on study major milestones and data cleaning and database lock accounted for > 60% of milestones affected. In addition, 87% sites advised not to have site initiation meetings and 52% pharmaceutical companies suspended recruitment or new study start-up due to the pandemic. On the other hands, the number of COVID-19 related clinical trials increased rapidly in Korea and worldwide, with investigator-initiated trials accounting for 47% and 63% of all trials locally and globally, respectively. Most trials were phase 2 and were in the recruitment stage.ConclusionThe COVID-19 and the KCDC guideline influenced all parties involved in clinical trials in Korea. In order to ensure the safety and well-being of trial subjects during the pandemic, new approaches are required for clinical trials to respond to the impact actively. Method of non-contact is developed to replace and supplement the face-to-face contact and alternatives to reduce the travel is introduced to decrease the risk of infection for all trial participants in whole trial process. The relevant regulations should be developed and the guidelines for foreign countries need to be adopted in accordance with the situation in Korea. COVID-19 trial is rapidly increasing worldwide and continuous support of health authorities, regulation, and facilities is required for developing the treatments with protecting all trial participants.

사회-통합적 관점에서의 발달장애아동 신체활동 증진을 위한 교양교육 연구

This study is from a social-integrated perspective to promote physical activities of children with developmental disabilities. Based on prior research in korea and abroad, the purpose of this study is to find effective ways to promote physical activities through the types of participation in physical activities of children with developmental disabilities and the contents of programs. In addition, from a social-integrated perspective, the direction of development of health training necessary to promote physical activities of children with developmental disabilities and efficiency in terms of effective physical activity programs and apply to the field stage. According to the research, the main contents of physical activity programs covered in the preceding research in Korea were functional training, followed by coordination training, game, ball sports and aqua sports. Compared with abroad research, most of the experimental designs on functional improvement, or physical improvement, were covered by the promotion of physical activity from a societal and integrated perspective and the organic physical activity program content from home and school, which was difference from previous studies abroad. It was meant to enhance physical activity of children with developmental disabilities by communicating with the general public and playing games as a body, rather than the concept of improving health of developmental disabilities. Such communication is a social-integrated concept that is believed to help children grow up in society and interact and communicate with people and live their life.

The Achievement and Interpretation of Balhae Relics in Korea

In this article, I looked at how Balhae relics were excavated and analyzed in Korea. Specifically, we covered Balhae-related dissertations in Korea, and then dealt with the subject through the paper. The Balhae sites exist in Russia, China and North Korea. Korean scholars are in a very difficult environment to directly investigate Balhae ruins in Russia, China and North Korea. Despite such limitations, it is encouraging that the number of scholars who have obtained master s and doctorate degrees under the theme of Balhae Temple has been steadily increasing until recently. In addition, it is in the process of overcoming the limitations of the literature while dealing with the excavation achievements of China, Russia and North Korea. This indicates that we have entered the stage where we can refer to the results of fieldwork and excavation of Balhae sites. In addition, the increasing number of Ph.D. researchers in China and Russia are studying abroad shows that the Balhae history research community is deepening in that it is expanding the scope of the Balhae history research environment. Although the number of Balhae history researchers in Korea is smaller than that of Goguryeo. However, Korea is competitively expanding its Balhae history research level as it continues to conduct in-depth analysis and interpretation. It is hoped that researchers from Balhae history in Korea will be able to conduct joint excavation research with scholars from China and North Korea. Until now, researchers at Balhae history in Korea have only been engaged in exchanges with Russian researchers, limited to partial sites in the Russian coastal province. Over one thousand years ago to Balhae was in East Asia the hub of cultural exchange. Haedong Seongguk(海東盛國) which was praised as one of the Balhae, and now the current geographical area classification of the country, and Balhae be the remains of access is restricted. I hope this study will lead to a comprehensive investigation into Balhae ruins.

Trends and Prospects of Apology Research in Korea -in comparison to Research in Japan-

본 연구에서는 국내에서 검색이 가능한 논문 중 2000년부터 2018년의 등재지 및 등재 후보지를 대상으로 사죄 관련 연구에 관한 동향을 살펴보았다.BR 한국의 대표적인 학술논문검색 사이트 5개(『KISS(한국 학술정보)』,『RISS(학술연구 정보서비스)』『국회도서관 논문검색 서비스』 ,『DBpia(누리미디어 -지식 컨텐츠 전문기업)』,『KCI(한국 학술지 인용 색인)』) 를 조사해서 『謝罪』『사죄』『사과』『apologizing』이라는 단어로 검색하여 나온 논문 중에서 언어학과 관련된 논문을 추출했다. 조사 결과는 아래와 같다.BR(1) 추출된 논문의 연대와 논문 수의 관계를 보면 계속 증가하는 경향이 보였지만 그것은 저자 중복에 의한 것이었다. 즉 논문 수는 증가했고 앞으로도 증가하겠지만 해당 분야에서 활동하는 연구자들의 동향을 보면『2005~2009』년 경에 가장 활발해지기 시작했고, 그 이후는 증가 추세가 없는 것을 알 수 있다. 이것을 감안하면 앞으로도 증가는 없을 것이라고 보여진다.BR(2) 조사 자료는 한일 양국의 대부분 논문들이 대학생 위주로만 진행되었다는 문제점과 코퍼스의 사용이 부족하다는 문제점이 보여졌다. 반면, 인터넷 이용 등에서 두 나라의 차이도 보여졌다.BR(3) 한국 논문의 키워드들을 조사한 결과, 한국 논문 키워드는 복수의 어휘를 한 단어로 묶어서 제시하는 경우가 많았다.BR(4) 폴라이트니스 이론으로 사죄를 논술하는 연구가 한국에서는 비교적으로 활발하게 진행되어 있다.BR(5) 일본어를 대상으로 한 논문이 압도적으로 많고, 한국에서 일본어에 대한 관심이 높은 것이 보여진다.BR(6) 영어를 사용한 논문이 비교적으로 많고, 한국에서의 [영어의 높은 시장가치]와 [영어의 특권화]가 밝혀졌다.

Trend Analysis of Maker Education Research in Korea

본 연구는 국내 메이커 교육 관련 연구 동향을 파악하여, 이 분야의 다양하고 균형 있는 연구를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 분석대상은 RISS 통합검색을 이용하여 2014년부터 2019년 6월 3일까지 발간된 학술지 논문과 학위논문 중 원문을 확인할 수 있었던 104편이다. 본 연구에서는 메이커 교육 관련 연구의 연도별 양적변화, 출판 형태별 동향, 연구 대상, 연구 내용, 연구 방법별로 나누어 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 2017년부터 메이커 교육 관련 연구가 양적으로 증가하였고, 학술지 논문이 학위논문보다 많았으며, 학위논문에서는 석사학위 논문이 많았다. 연구 대상은 초등학생과 중등학생 그리고 메이커스페이스를 대상으로 한 연구가 다수를 차지하고 있었다. 연구 내용에서는 메이커 교육 프로그램에 관한 연구가 과반수를 차지하고 있었다. 연구 방법은 개발 연구가 많은 비중을 차지하고 있었고, 프로그램 개발, 모형 개발, 도구 개발 순으로 높았다. 사례연구, 문헌연구, 혼합연구, 조사연구, 실험연구도 이루어지고 있었으나 연구된 양은 적었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 통해 국내 메이커 교육은 2014년에 시작되어 2017년부터 최근까지 양적으로 증가하고 있었고, 연구 대상, 연구 내용, 연구 방법도 2017년을 기점으로 다양화되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 연구 대상에서는 유아, 대학생·대학원생, 예비교원·교사를 대상으로 한 연구가, 연구 내용에서는 메이커 교육 자료, 메이커 교육 평가, 메이커 도구에 관한 연구가, 연구 방법에서는 조사연구, 실험연구가 제한적이기에 연구 대상, 연구 내용, 연구 방법을 다각화한 다양한 메이커 교육에 관한 연구가 필요하다.

서양미술사] 내수용 서양미술사의 빛과 그림자

Korean public interest in the history of Western art has grown enormously for the last few decades. Beneath the veneer of this seeming success, however, lies a defect that has long affected professional historians of Western art in South Korea. The problem consists of two interconnected components. First, it is the lack of serious archival research that has characterized most studies on the history of Western art conducted by Korean scholars. When writing books and articles, they rely heavily on secondary sources written by Western academics. They hardly venture into primary sources, especially unpublished archival materials. This practice engenders sloppy scholarship which in turn sets an undesirable example for postgraduate students. Coupled with this is the second element, that is, the uncritical application of so-called ‘theories’ developed in other disciplines. The slavish consumption of theories in Korea is more widespread among scholars working on modern or contemporary art than those concerned with pre-modern art. Unless Korean academia grows out of these kinds of unworthy exercises, the future for truly innovative and productive art historical research in Korea is doomed.

Integrating the resources of Korean disaster management research via the Johari window

It is not widely known that quite a few researchers are faced with difficulties in using various resources of disaster management research in Korea. The article aims to assess how rigorously the Korean field of disaster management research resources has been managed or how it can be improved for the ultimate goal of disaster management. Descriptive content analysis has been used as the major methodology by referring to the Johari window. In doing so, electronic research resources have been systematically compared with integrated research resources via the perspective of Korean-speaking researchers and that of English-speaking researchers. The conclusion is that two researchers have to be integrated with all four research resources (open, blind, hidden, and unknown resources) by implementing assigned responsibilities as well as freely asking questions. Ultimately, this will be conducive to reducing down the impacts of disaster in Korea.

Researchers in Korea

Researchers in Korea

국내 우수 연구자의 R&D 국제협력 활동도 분석 연구 : 가사로봇 분야를 중심으로

최근 4차 산업혁명으로 인한 과학기술 융 · 복합화 및 세분화의 가속화에 따른 R&D 국제협력이 점차 활발해짐에도 불구하고, 우리나라는 연구역량 열위, 연구개발 생태계 폐쇄성, 국제협력 대상 능동적 발굴체계 부재 등으로 인해 국제협력 활동도가 매우 미흡한 편이다.<BR> 실제로 2018년 국가과학기술 혁신역량평가에서 우리나라 국제협력 항목지수는 OECD 35개국 중 최하위권인 29위에 머무르는 것으로 나타나 국제협력 활동도를 높이기 위한 다각적인 개선방안 확립이 시급한 실정이다.<BR> 본 연구에서는 국제협력 활성화를 위한 방안의 일환으로 빅데이터 분석 방법론인 KDD/KM 공동연구자 네트워크 분석기법을 활용하여 국내와 글로벌 핵심연구자 간 국제협력 활동 비교 · 분석을 통해 정확한 현황을 진단하고, 국내 연구자 국제협력 활성화를 위해 능동적 협력대상 발굴을 위한 발전방안에 대해 고찰하였다.<BR> 본 연구 분석대상은 미래유망산업 로봇 분야 중 가장 높은 시장성장률을 보이고 있는 가사로봇 분야를 선정하였다. 가사로봇 분야 국내 및 글로벌 상위 핵심 연구자 간 국제협력 네트워크 현황 및 활동도 비교 · 분석을 통해 국내 연구자의 국제협력 활성화를 위한 전략적 시사점을 도출하였다.

Why do some Korean parents hesitate to vaccinate their children?

OBJECTIVESVaccinations for infectious diseases are opposed despite their achievement, and this opposition has recently been revealed in Korea. However, research in Korea has not been vigorous. The authors studied why some Korean parents hesitate to vaccinate their children by applying the health belief model.METHODSParents who hesitate to vaccinate and parents who do not were surveyed in alternative education preschools and elementary schools. They were classified into four types of hesitancy and statistically compared.RESULTSAmong the 129 subjects, 43 vaccinated without hesitancy, 20 vaccinated on time with hesitancy, 32 vaccinated with a deliberate delay of one month or longer, and 34 did not vaccinate. Vaccination increased with an increase in the awareness that severe outcomes can occur when unvaccinated. Concerns about adverse reactions from vaccinations or direct/indirect experiences affected refusal. Furthermore, perceptions of the lack of meaningfulness of vaccinations, distrust of policy and safety management, influence of leaders or activists in joined organizations, and experts of Korean traditional or alternative medicine affected refusal. Explanations by doctors, text messages and mails from institutions, and concerns about disadvantages caused by not complying with government policies increased vaccination.CONCLUSIONSThe reasons for vaccine hesitancy and acceptance were similar to the results of international research. Health authorities and professionals should communicate sufficiently and appropriately with hesitant parents and find ways to rationally resolve social conflicts. However, this sample was small and there is little Korean research, so more in-depth and diverse researchs are needed.

범죄피해, 범죄두려움, 범죄율과 지역주민의 생활만족도의 관계에 대한 다수준 분석: 경찰활동의 영향에 대한 탐색

Despite the necessity of inquiry into the relationship between crime and life satisfaction, this study conducted a multi-level analysis through a hierarchical linear model including various community environmental variables such as crime rate, considering the lack of empirical research in Korea. As a result, only specific fear of crime was negatively associated with life satisfaction whereas crime victimization, general fear of crime and crime rate were not found to be significantly related to life satisfaction. This negative effect of specific fear of crime on life satisfaction decreased in the area where the arrest rate was high. In addition, the perceived disorder had a negative effect on life satisfaction, while the community attachment as well as collective efficacy and trust in the police positively affected life satisfaction. At the regional level only the police substations was significantly and positively associated with life satisfaction, this positive effect was greater in the low-income group. Regarding cross-level interaction effects, the positive effects of community attachment and collective efficacy on life satisfaction were greater in the area where more police substations were placed. Also, the number of police substations and disposition of notification against the Minor Offenses Act were positively associated with life satisfaction in the group with low satisfaction, whereas specific fear of crime and perceived social disorder were negatively associated with life satisfaction in the group with high satisfaction. Based on the results, policy recommendations including the enhancement of arrest rate, the application of various crime prevention strategies to reduce fear of crime, the restoration of trust to police, the reinforcement of police response to disorder and the expansion of police substations were suggested, the limitations of the study were also discussed.

DISC Behavior Style Research in Korea: Trends and Challenges

DISC Behavior Style Research in Korea: Trends and Challenges

Overtopping wave reduction capability of Rakuna IV armor block used for Rubblemound Breakwater

Run up, overtopping are the main reasons that damage and unstabilize the coastal and basin protective structures. So, overtopping wave is an inevitable load during coastal structures designing process, particularly at present very complicated real situation of global sea level rise and climate change. Based on the early researches, allowable mean overtopping wave discharges play an important roll in determining breakwaters' dimension such as top elevation, slope protective alternatives in the port side and so on. The more permissible average overtopping wave discharges, the lower breakwater top elevation needed. Moreover, the weight of armor blocks used on a seaside slope can be reduced. However, the port side slope needs to be properly protected against the impact of overtopping wave. Thus, researching the application of new armored unit blocks with high overtopping wave reduction capability that is corresponsive to typhoon-generated wave conditions is totally in need. Rakuna IV is one of the newly developed wave-dissipating blocks invented by Nikken Kogaku (Japan) in 2007, and the stability of this block for rubble mound breakwaters has been investigated under non-wave overtopping conditions by many researchers in Japan, Korea, China, and Vietnam. To be more exhaustive in the design of breakwaters with this kind of block, this study carried out experimental research on wave overtopping performance of RAKUNA-IV (overtopping reduction by roughness factor γr) in wave flume at Ha Noi Water Resources University. Based on the physical model tests' results, the author has determined the overtopping wave reduction coefficient γr of Rakuna IV block and its relationship with Irribaren number xm-1,0.