Korean Professional Baseball League Research Articles

Free Agent Migration in the Korean Professional Baseball League: To Move or Not to Move

Abstract: This study explores free agent transactions of the Korea Baseball Organization from 2000 to 2018. It examines whether player mobility patterns differ across free agent pitchers and hitters. The probability of free agent pitchers transferring increases with the pitching position of the starting or closer pitcher. The probability of transfer for a hitter is negatively associated with age and left-handedness. The inertia of staying with the current team increases when substantial signing bonuses are paid to the free agent pitcher. A strong contract year affects the hitter mobility model, with a higher probability of transfer and a greater contribution to team wins in the final year before free agency. The longer a free agent’s contract, the higher the probability of them moving. A huge increase in the annual salary one year before free agent eligibility hinders the movement of hitters, whereas financial compensation does not constrain pitchers’ move.

델파이기법을 통한 한국야구 국가대표팀의 경쟁력강화 방안도출

The purpose of this study was to present factors that can strengthen the competitiveness of the Korean national baseball team through the Delphi technique. In this study, Delphi survey was conducted on players with experience in the Korean national baseball team, leaders(coaches, staffs, trainers) and players with experience in Korean professional baseball league, professional baseball field experts and physical education professors. In-depth interviews were conducted with 10 people in the first Delphi survey and 15 people in the second Delphi survey. As a result of the analysis, a total of four top factors were derived, including “operation in international competitions”, “support for international games”, “selection and composition of the national team squad”, and “national team player management”. In addition, 21 sub-categories were finally selected to improve competitiveness for the Korean national baseball team, and their validity was verified. This study is meaningful in that the findings suggest practical strategies to improve the competitiveness of international competitions in Korean baseball.

Preseason Assessment for Throwing Shoulders in Korean Professional Baseball League Pitchers and Factors Affecting Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Shoulder and Elbow Scores

Preseason Assessment for Throwing Shoulders in Korean Professional Baseball League Pitchers and Factors Affecting Kerlan-Jobe Orthopaedic Shoulder and Elbow Scores

Understanding the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility, Team Identification, and Behavioral Intention with the Mediating Effect of Satisfaction in Korean Professional Baseball League

Understanding the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility, Team Identification, and Behavioral Intention with the Mediating Effect of Satisfaction in Korean Professional Baseball League

Strategic service innovation in the sports industry: case of the Korean Professional Baseball League

Strategic service innovation in the sports industry: case of the Korean Professional Baseball League

Sociopolitical Approach to the Launch History of the KBO League: Application of Complex System Paradigm.

The Korean Baseball Organization (KBO) League is a sports culture that Koreans love and enjoy most. However, the launch of the KBO League is related to political issues in Korea. The purpose of this study is to explain the launch history of the KBO league through a sociopolitical approach. The history of the KBO league was explained by applying a complex paradigm that explains sociocultural phenomena from a new perspective. This study used historical analysis, a qualitative study approach. Literature related to Korean professional baseball, complex system theory, sports, and politics were reviewed. This study introduces the characteristics and theory of the complex system paradigm and analyzes the history of the KBO League based on this theory. The edge of chaos, bifurcation point, positive feedback, emergence of the theory of complex system are used as elements of an overall theoretical framework to analyze the history and development of the KBO league. The study results are explained in four frameworks. First, the KBO was launched on the edge of chaos, or in the midst of social chaos provoked by Chun Doo-Hwan, who seized power through a military coup. Second, the Chun Doo-Hwan regime launched the professional baseball league to divert the public’s attention from politics to sports and provided support to construct baseball fields as venues for the national pastime. The Chun Doo-Hwan regime’s appeasement policy became a bifurcation point, which promoted the launch of the professional baseball league. Third, from the viewpoint of the complex system paradigm, the launch of the Korean baseball league was enabled by the positive feedback of the Korea professional baseball promotion committee, established in 1975 under the initiative of Korean American businessman Hong Yoon-Hee. Fourth, the Korean professional baseball league led to the emergence of the consumption culture of professional sports, and it became a national leisure and a crucial part of Korea’s sports culture. In terms of sociopolitical, the KBO League started in the dark of Korean society, but it is becoming a vitality for Korean sports culture and health.

Outcome Uncertainty and Demand for Baseball: A Single-Game Approach in the Korean Professional Baseball League

Outcome Uncertainty and Demand for Baseball: A Single-Game Approach in the Korean Professional Baseball League

Sport Fans’ Price Sensitivity Based on Loyalty Levels: A Case of Korean Professional Baseball League

For the sustainable development of the Korean Professional Baseball League (a.k.a., KBO League), it is critical to propose profitable and efficient pricing strategies for each team in the KBO League. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to understand KBO League fans’ perceptions of price sensitivity. More specifically, this study explored how fans’ perceptions of price sensitivity and latitude of price acceptance vary between different loyalty groups. A total of 213 valid responses were recruited from KBO League fans by using a convenience sampling approach. As a result, based on the levels of attitudinal loyalty and behavioral loyalty, fans were classified into four categories: loyal fans, latent fans, spurious fans, and indifferent fans. Moreover, loyal fans were found to be less sensitive to the ticket price increase of different levels (i.e., 10%, 20%, and 30%), followed by latent fans, spurious fans, and indifferent fans. Meanwhile, loyal fans have the highest level of the latitude of price acceptance, followed by latent fans, spurious fan, and indifferent fans. The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of sport fans’ responses to the change of ticket price and their perceptions of the accepted price range. Meanwhile, this study offers practical implications for marketers of KBO League teams to develop tailored pricing strategies for their fans by considering different loyalty levels.

How We Can Enhance Spectator Attendance for the Sustainable Development of Sport in the Era of Uncertainty: A Re-Examination of Competitive Balance

This study seeks to find factors that determine the mobilization of spectators in games of the Korean professional baseball league for sustainable development. In particular, it re-examines the uncertainty-of-outcome hypothesis by looking at the effect of competitive balance (CB) on seat occupancy in stadiums. Data for 2160 games over three years (2015–2017) from the archives of the Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) were analyzed. The results show that the CB of the home team, with the entire teams, affects seat occupancy rate (SOR). It is also shown that there exists an inverted U-shaped curvilinear relationship between CB and SOR. However, the winning percentage of the home team in the entire league had a significant impact on the SOR. This implies that the overall athletic performance of the home team in the league competing with all other teams is much more important than the home team’s competitive balance in the season played before the game, for attracting fans to the stadium.

프로야구 방송중계권료 수익 배분에 관한 분배공정성 원칙

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the principles of distributive justice held by male and female fans of a Korean Professional Baseball League in allocating broadcasting rights revenues.<BR> Methods: A total of 380 participants from professional baseball fans responded to the survey questionnaire, which contained a scenario describing the allocation of broadcasting rights revenues to teams. The nine allocation principles listed under the scenario were: (a) equality of treatment, (b) equality of results, (c) equality of opportunity, (d) win-loss records, (e) spectator appeal, (f) effort, (g) need due to lack of resources, (h) need due to high operating costs, and (i) need to be competitively successful.<BR> Results: Results indicated significant differences in the perceived fairness of distribution principles based on gender. Specifically, males perceived equality-based principles such as equality of treatment and equality of results fairer than those of females, while females perceived equity-based principles such as win-loss records, spectator appeal and effort fairer than those of males. Results also indicated that win-loss records was identified as the most fair distribution principle among eight principles.<BR> Conclusion: The overall findings of this study would provide some meaningful information for the decision makers of professional sport leagues on how broadcasting rights revenues can fairly be allocated.

스포츠 관여도가 브랜드 충성도에 미치는 영향 분석 : 심리적 지속 모델(PCM)과 브랜드 아키텍처를 중심으로

스포츠 관여도가 브랜드 충성도에 미치는 영향 분석 : 심리적 지속 모델(PCM)과 브랜드 아키텍처를 중심으로

Cause-Related Marketing and Purchase Intention toward Team-Licensed Products: Moderating Effects of Sport Consumers’ Altruism

Cause-related marketing (CRM) has been a crucial concept of sport marketing literature in the professional sport context. However, there is little evidence available to address the effectiveness of CRM when the levels of sport fans’ embedded psychological characteristics helping others are considered. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of sport fans’ perceived CRM motive of a sport team on fan attitude and purchase intention for the team-licensed products, and the moderating effects of sport fans’ altruism on the relationships among these variables in the context of the Korean professional baseball league. A total of 164 Korean baseball fans participated in the present study. Results revealed that sport fans’ perceived CRM motive significantly affected fan attitude and purchase intention for the team-licensed products, and fan attitude also had a significant impact on purchase intention. Moreover, sport fans’ altruism had significant moderating effects on the relationships between perceived CRM motive and purchase intention, as well as team attitude and purchase intention for the team-licensed products. Consequently, the present study might demonstrate that professional sport fans with high altruism are more likely than fans with low altruism to evaluate the motive of a team’s CRM campaign as cause-oriented and show their support for the campaign.

Outcome Uncertainty and Demand for Baseball: A Single-Game Approach in the Korean Professional Baseball League

Abstract: This study tests the uncertainty of outcome hypothesis for single games and playoff appearances in the Korean Professional Baseball League from 2007 to 2015. Our panel data analysis shows that the difference in winning percentages between two teams and playoff uncertainty based on games behind are important factors for increasing game attendance. This study supports the potential importance of analyzing daily game attendance of the literature on diverse sport leagues. It also presents implications for policymakers and league owners—which typically leverage teams as promotional instruments—on improving the self-sustainability of sport teams.

Strategic Service Innovation in Sports Industry: Case of Korean Professional Baseball League

Strategic Service Innovation in Sports Industry: Case of Korean Professional Baseball League

국내 프로야구 FA타자들의 추정득점과 연봉에 관한 연구

국내 프로야구 FA타자들의 추정득점과 연봉에 관한 연구

국내 프로야구 FA타자들의 추정득점과 연봉에 관한 연구

국내 프로야구 FA타자들의 추정득점과 연봉에 관한 연구

한국 프로야구 리그 외국인 선수 제도가 한국 프로야구 타자의 경기력에 미치는 영향 : 1991시즌부터 2004시즌 까지의 KBO 8개 타격 기록을 중심으로

한국 프로야구 리그 외국인 선수 제도가 한국 프로야구 타자의 경기력에 미치는 영향 : 1991시즌부터 2004시즌 까지의 KBO 8개 타격 기록을 중심으로

Do close-call games attract more fans?

The idea of “competitive balance,” i.e. the idea that sports leagues need uncertainty in the outcomes of their games to attract fans, is widely accepted. However, there are cases where the effects of hormones and neurotransmitters (including cortisol, testosterone and dopamine) will likely counteract the effects of competitive balance. This paper explored the validity of competitive balance and its effect on the number of spectators at sports games using quantitative analyses, along with consideration of other social, economic, and demographic factors. In contrast to previous observations, the concept of competitive balance was only partially confirmed as attracting large numbers of fans to Korean professional baseball league.

프로스포츠 이벤트 보조 서비스 지불의사 - KBO리그 관람객을 대상으로

The unmanageable nature of core sport products is known to encourage professional sport teams to improve the quality of ancillary services, denoting a variety of supplementary service components at sporting events. Using a discrete choice experimental approach, this study aims to provide feasible management implications for developing the most preferred ancillary service items at professional sporting events. With a sample of Korean professional baseball league spectators, this study laso intends to better understand how baseball fans indicate their willingness to pay for different ancillary service elements. Study results suggest that respondents show the greatest amount of willingness-to-pay values onh ealthier local food in addition to the traditional fried chicken sold at stadium concession facilities. Reuslts further indicate that spectators are willing to pay KR₩2,303 for the availability of female dancing squads fosr upporting their teams. Different management strategies are suggested to improve overall quality of ancillary services at professional sport events.

한국프로야구의 산파, 이용일의 삶

한국프로야구의 산파, 이용일의 삶