Korean Liberation Research Articles

반공이데올로기에 기반한 노동담론의 지형(1945~1950)

This article aims to investigate labor discourse based on anti-communism ideology on the period after Korean liberation before breakout of the Korean War. Political parties, social organizations and intellectuals understood the significance of production for building a new state and took attention to working mass including workers as main power in the economic revival and construction after the Korean liberation. Labor discourse was made and spread in the frame of ‘destruction vs. construction’, ‘patriotic act vs. betrayal to the country’ and ‘democracy vs. anti-democracy’. The US Army Military Government, right wing force and the Great Korean Independent Labor League made their effort to create ‘anti-communist worker’. After general strike of September in 1946, the Great Korean Independent Labor League changed itself into ‘anti-communism trade union = democratic trade union’ through its labor discourse. The US Army Military Government inspired workers to hold working spirit and patriotism, and endeavored after creating model worker with its policies. After establishing Korean government, Labor discourse changed and then it was produced and circulated in the frame of building a breakwater against communism.

해방이후 6․25전쟁기까지의 임시 초중등교원 양성 연구

해방이후 6․25전쟁기까지의 임시 초중등교원 양성 연구

‘민주공화제’론과 비자본주의를 지향한 ‘민족주의운동 좌파’(1919~45)

Examined in this article are characteristics displayed by the Leftist branch (within the National Movement front), in its pursuit of a ‘Democratic Republic.’ The objective of such examination is to have a look at what kind of philosophical stance the Korean Provisional Government maintained at the time.BR At this juncture, the Korean notion of a Democratic Republic portrayed a particular dynamic, in which Democracy was coupled with the Republic, while a Republic would incorporate the virtue of Equality, with Equality itself reflected in the realization of Democracy. Formed in such vision, it did not pursue either Capitalism or Socialism, and what was firmly at the center was the Korean nation (race). One could call it a ‘Non-Capitalist’ pursuit, which also aspired to bring equalization to all areas of life, including politics, economy and education. In that sense, the Korean notion of a Democratic Republic could also be called a Nationalist approach to Equality, or in some sense even Socialist Nationalism.BR This Korean notion of a Democratic Republic later grew more detailed, as the trend of emphasizing the people’s role began to spread, and a sense of equality was strengthened as well. After the efforts to organize the ‘Unified [Single] Nation Party’ failed, however, clashes intensified between the Leftists and Rightists. The Nationalist Leftists’ vision of a Democratic Republic continued to take shape, and eventually differentiated itself from the Socialist vision of the same concept. The emergence of the Korean Liberation party (1930) in Shanghai can be cited as a result.BR There was also a power struggle inside the [National Movement front’s] Leftist branch, but it was not because they differed in opinions over their vision of a Democratic Republic. They all pursued democracy, republic and equality, with the Korean race as a linchpin. The situation of the time also facilitated that trend a little, as the World war of the time sort of had the Korean society go in either pro-Japan or anti-Japan directions. Meanwhile, the Nationalist Leftists were able to meet with the Socialist movement as well on various issues, such as direct and popular elections, as those issues could have contributed to political equality that was after all one of the objectives of a democratic republic.

조선후기 강학시행 관련 고문서 해제

조선후기 강학시행 관련 고문서 해제

김기림 비평에 나타난 해방 전후의 연속성과 탈근대적 사유 방식 : 초기 시론과 『시의 이해』 를 중심으로

이 글은 해방을 전후로 하여 김기림 비평에 나타나는 변화를 연속성의 관점에서 분석하고자 하였다. 어떠한 이론을 전개하든 통시적 공시적 흐름 속에서 오늘의 현실이 지닌 위치를 놓치지 않으려 했고, 그 속에서 변화의 방향성을 읽어내려 했던 김기림이었기에 ‘선’과 ‘점’, 이동, 역학 등으로 표현되는 좌표계적 사유 방식이 지속적으로 이어졌음을 확인할 수 있었다. 특히 교차점을 통한 수렴과 발산은 시의 양식, 시대정신, 현실, 시의 경험, 시의 효과 등 중요한 개념을 설명할 때마다 등장했다. 이는 김기림의 비평에서 과거(전통)의 수용과 미래적 지향, 이질성의 혼종과 통합적 균형, 주관과 객관이 공존할 수 있는 독특한 지점을 잘 보여준다. 김기림의 비평적 개념들은 고착화되어 있지 않고 늘 이동해가는 것이었기에 그 이동의 방향성을 설명할 수 있는 자리에 ‘움직이는 주관’이나 ‘지성’, ‘과학’과 같은 개념들이 놓였다.BR 이처럼 김기림의 비평적 사유에서 ‘선’과 ‘점’이 자주 등장하는 것은 어떤 영역이든 독자적인 발전(진보)의 경로(선)를 가지고 있지만 끊임없이 다른 영역과 교섭하고 교차할 수밖에 없다는 인식 때문이다. 또한 교차점이 의미하는 것은 흡수나 통합이 아니라 상호작용을 통한 수렴과 발산이다. 이러한 ‘선’과 ‘점’이 전체 평면에서 어디에 위치하고 있는가, 어디로 이동하고 있는가가 비평적 사유의 근본적 질문에 해당하기 때문에 김기림의 사유를 좌표계적이라 말할 수 있다고 본다.BR 김기림 비평의 연속성은 기교주의 논쟁이나 해방기의 활동을 거치면서도 지속적으로 이어진 좌표계적 사유의 방식, 문학적 태도에서 찾을 수 있었다. 이는 하나의 원리를 확장시키는 방식이 아니라, 이동함으로써 만들어지는 수행적 변화, 개념적 변주와 같은 탈근대적 방식이라는 점에서 의미가 있다. 김기림 식으로 말하자면, 단선적인 발전형태가 근대적인 것이고, 다자의 선들이 같은 방향으로 가지만 통합되지는 않는 상태를 탈근대적인 것이라 할 수 있다. 김기림에게서 ‘움직이는 주관’, ‘지성’, ‘과학’개념은 시의 여러 요소들을 일정한 방향으로 이끄는 힘에 해당하는 개념인데, 일정한 방향으로 이끈다고 해서 여러 요소들을 통합하거나 통제하는 힘을 발휘하지는 않는다. 어느 방향으로 이동하다보니 그 이동의 효과로(수행적 효과)‘움직이는 주관’에서 ‘지성’으로 다시 ‘과학’으로 개념적 변주가 일어나게 되며 이것이 김기림 비평의 (비)연속적인 도정인 것이다. 자기 확장이 아니라 자기 변화에 해당하는 이러한 방식이 단절, 혹은 변화를 내포한 연속성 개념이 될 것이다.

해방 후 최익한의 사회주의 운동과 ‘변백장(辨白狀)’

해방 후 최익한의 사회주의 운동과 ‘변백장(辨白狀)’

A Study of Interrelationship between Discourse on Children and Children’s Literauture Text of South and North Korea in the Liberation Period

This article is for educational discourse and reality Liberation Period Children gave any impact on children’s literature, children’s literature has sought to internalize salpigo whether this in any way. This contemporary children’s literature is sought to be examined has studied how children approach seotneunga on the actual life and reality On the other hand, Liberation Period peculiarities of children’s literature by approaching both the South and North Korean Liberation Period and the totality of children’s literature.BR Liberation Period discourse surrounding this educational philosophy and institutions of the two Koreas, that can be deployed in the nature and impact of the United States and the Soviet Union in each of the selected systems. In the case of South Korea Tangun and to summons While advocating a nationalist ideology education by naeseum the ‘Hongik human,’ and expand the US Military Government Agency under the influence education policy. North Korea also showed the figure to be converted into a training in South Korea was a Japanese leftist common interest and liquidated the remnants of feudal remnants and education but stressed that mainly nationalist reject others, “received idolized” and the Soviet biased contents of the series.BR Maintenance efforts and the lives of Liberation Period of children’s educational philosophy and different institutions had been exposed to intact honransang of Liberation Period. Child labor and begging that they were overflowing natjiman solve this lack of policies and facilities. If one of the school students were exposed to the commercial publishing market with a shortage of textbooks and related flooding geominjeong of national reference textbooks. In the case of North Korea it can gauge more to a lack of data, but there were no circumstances accompany the incendiary one side of the South.BR South of the Liberation Period children’s literature has been emphasizing the work they have implemented a healthy child is responsible for the future of the willingness to solve the same problem some eoteuna demonstrate the influence of textbooks Tianjin bright one child, people. Children’s literature textbooks were adopted in the subsequent power outage is stepping out of the way typical of the South Korean children’s literature. In the case of North Korea by introducing children to the ideals and goals of the system it was naegoja raised doubts about the system, not the child.

The Development and Characteristic of North Korean Textile Industry Policy since Korean Liberation(1945~1950) - How the Division of Peninsula Affect the Process of Inheriting and Overcoming the Economic Legacy of Colony -

The Development and Characteristic of North Korean Textile Industry Policy since Korean Liberation(1945~1950) - How the Division of Peninsula Affect the Process of Inheriting and Overcoming the Economic Legacy of Colony -

A State-Run Enterprise: A Bane or a Boon?: A Case of the Korean Shipping Corporation, 1950-1968

In the less than 70 years since Korean liberation, Korea has grown to be one of the world's top five ship-owning countries in 2014. This can be attributed to a few factors such as government policy, Korea Shipping Corporation (KSC, hereafter) and merchant marine officers. This paper will expound the true motivations of the establishment and the privatization of KSC in 1950 and in 1968, respectively. KSC, as Korea's national shipping company, sailed along a very unusual course of development. It was established in 1950 not to foster and develop Korea's shipping industry but to help alleviate the financial burdens of the fledgling Korean government. The main cause of privatizing KSC in 1968 was a purely political decision, not an economic one as it overlapped with the rapid growth period of the shipping industry in the world, as well as in Korea. In sum, KSC, a state-run enterprise, was a bane in the short run but a boon in the long run for both the Korean government and Korea's shipping industry. If we can believe KSC followed the ordinary sailing route as a state-run enterprise, we might develop a new opinion that the national shipping company might be a financial burden in a short period, but various benefits over a long period.

The Trends of the Poetic Words in the Time of Korean Liberation - Focusing on Poems by Jeong Ji Yong and Cho Ji Hoon

The Trends of the Poetic Words in the Time of Korean Liberation - Focusing on Poems by Jeong Ji Yong and Cho Ji Hoon

The Street Leaders of Seoul and the Foundations of the South Korean Political Order

AbstractIn the decade and a half following Korean liberation from Japan in 1945, a category of men prowled Seoul's back alleys and also its halls of power. These figures might be called street leaders, for they were directly linked on one hand to private agents of violence and on the other to the top state and political elites of the country. The most notorious individuals included Kim Tu-han, a gang leader who became an elected politician, and Yi Chŏng-jae, a ‘political gangster’ who helped party politicians with their dirty work. Street leaders like Kim and Yi were on the scene at key moments in the republic's early political development. An examination of the political careers of Kim and Yi reveals how important cooperation between such actors and elite politicians was to state-building, political mobilization, and design of electoral institutions—processes that created the contemporary South Korean polity. Both the alliances between politicians and street leaders as well as the destruction of those alliances left deep impressions on South Korean politics.

20세기 사직단 영역의 토지이용 변화와 역사적 제도주의적 해석

SaJikDan was an altar to the State deities and one of the most important facilities composing the capital city during Joseon period. The memorial service was, however, abolished in 1911 after Japanese annexation of Korea in 1910. Since then, in the old SaJikDan area stood several kinds of modern urban facilities. In 1920s, the city government of Seoul at that time initiated by Japanese colonialists decided to develop the area into an urban park with sports facilities and gardens. The plan faced a strong opposition from the Government General of Joseon, thus being compromised to designate the core area as a national historic site for preservation. During the War of 1937 to 1945, an urgent need to house the urban poor and build antiaircraft defense facilities turned the SaJikDan area into a more multi-use complex. Once the use pattern of the area of SaJikDan was fixed, it has hardly changed after the Korean liberation in 1945. The changes of SaJikDan area since then can be categorized into two periods according to their characteristic and intention. The area had been conceived as developable public land located in the city center until the early 1980s when the city government found its value as an opportunity to build up national identity of the city before upcoming international sport games of 1986 Asian Games and 1988 Summer Olympic Games. In this paper, we investigate historical changes of land use plans on SaJikDan area in the <TEX>$20^{th}$</TEX> century and try to interpret these changes from the perspective of Historical Institutionalism.

The Problematics of Inmin (People) and Its Domestication to Elite Politics right after South Korean Liberation from Japanese Colonialism

The Problematics of Inmin (People) and Its Domestication to Elite Politics right after South Korean Liberation from Japanese Colonialism

“Liberation Space” and Times of Resistance in Visual Records

이 글은 해방공간, 소위 ‘해방3ë „ì‚¬â€™ë¥¼ 다룬 영상기록물을 통해 당시의 사회상 을 ë‹¤ë£¨ê³ ìž 한다. 분석 대상은 사실(fact)에서 출발하는 영상자료인 뉴스영화와 기록영화를 대상으로 한다. 한국사에서도 문헌기록 뿐 만 아니라, 사진, 포스터 등 사료의 활용 영역이 ë„“ì–´ì§€ê³ ìžˆë‹¤. 여기에서는 생생하게 보여주는 영상기록 을 í† ëŒ€ë¡œ 해방공간을 ìž¬êµ¬ì„±í•´ë³´ê³ ìž 한다. 이 글에서 특히 주목하는 것은 영상 기록의 촬영과 상영 주체라 í• ìˆ˜ 있는 ë¯¸êµ°ì •ì˜ 의도가 벗어나는 틈새 ì§€ì ì´ 다. ë¯¸êµ°ì •ì˜ 탄압 속에서도 생존권 투쟁과 분단을 ë§‰ê³ ìž 하는 ì •ì¹˜ì  ì €í•­ì„ 함께 하는 순간을 í¬ì°©í•˜ê³ ê·¸ 의미를 ë˜ìƒˆê²¨ë³´ê³ ìž 한다. ì£¼ì œì–´: 영상기록물, 이미지, 해방뉴스, ì €í•­, 사료

The Establishment and Studies on Local History of the Pukyung Institute for Korean History

This article attempts to review the foundation and activities of the Pukyung Institute for Korean History. And it examines the achievements of the institute and the extended suggestions for the institute as well. From 1992, there had been a discussion on the establishment of the institute. As a result, it was founded on February 19, 1994 with the aim of studying on local history and popularizing history. As for its organization, there were the general assembly, the council, an auditor, the steering committee, a director, the first and second research bureaus, the secretariat, and the editing bureau. Shortly after, the second research bureau was abolished. And the planning office was newly installed and operated. Popularizing history has been carried out in two primary direction: public lectures and history trips. The public lectures have been given on a wide variety of historical subjects. The institute also had consistently a number of the history trips from the time when it was established to 2007. Recently, the institute is pushing forward the two activities by the Non-profit Organization Support Project of Busan. The institute has generated the academic achievements on local history as follows. First, a number of historical books for the public were published including following works: 『Gaya History for Citizen』, 『The History of Busan for Citizen』, and 『History of Busan for Citizen』. The institute also authored some academic texts like 『Korean History and Korean People』 in two volume which was intended as a historical introduction. In addition, the institute have held 28 symposia on local history such as ‘Review and Suggestion for Local History,’ the first symposium, and ‘local movements in Busan and Gyeongnam area in the modern and contemporary times’ in commemoration of 50th anniversary of Korean Liberation. These symposia have been contributed greatly to studies on local history and Korean history.

The Institutionalization of Pharmaceutical Administration After the Korean Liberation: Focusing on Regulating the Pharmaceutical Affairs Law(Yaksabeop) in 1953

The pharmaceutical administration under U.S Military Government in Korea and government of the Republic of Korea aimed at cleaning up the vestiges of Japanese imperialism which the pharmaceutical administration attached police administration and preparing with legal and systemic basis after the Korean liberation. The pharmaceutical bureau under U.S Military Government in Korea was reorganized as the independent division. The pharmaceutical bureau focused on preserving order, narcotics control and the distribution of relief drug. U.S Military Government proceeded supply side pharmaceutical policy for the distribution of relief drug without constructing human and material infrastructure. After the Korean War, Korean society asked the construction of system for nation building. Korean national assembly regulated National Medical Law(Gukmin uiryobeop) for promotion of public health in 1951. The Pharmaceutical Affairs Law(Yaksabeop) was regulated in 1953, and it prescribed the job requirement of pharmacist, apothecary, and drug maker and seller, and presented the frame of managing medical supplies. The Pharmaceutical Law originally planned the ideal pharmaceutical administration, but it rather secured the status of traditional apothecary, and drug maker and seller. On the contrary, though the Pharmaceutical Law guaranteed the traditional druggists, it did not materialize reproduction system such as educational and license system. It means that the traditional druggists would be degenerated in the near future. After the armistice agreement in 1953, Korean was in medical difficulties. Korean government was suffered from the deficiency of medical resources. Because of destruction of pharmaceutical facilities, Korean had to depend on United States and international aid. The Pharmaceutical Affairs Law did not cleaned up the vestiges of Japanese imperialism, and compromised with reality lacked human and material infrastructure. As a result, the law became the origin of pharmaceutical disputes such as pharmacist voluntary prescription, the separation of pharmacy and clinic, the compounding of traditional medicines, and the traditional pharmacist system. However, it was meaningful that the law was the turning point of the institutionalization of pharmaceutical administration after the Korean Liberation.

A Study on Melodramatic features of Nam-gung, Man’s dramas in the period of directly after Korean Liberation

A Study on Melodramatic features of Nam-gung, Man’s dramas in the period of directly after Korean Liberation

The Interim Government Plan of Lyuh Woon-Hyung and the Talks between Lyuh and Endo at the Time of Korean Liberation

The Interim Government Plan of Lyuh Woon-Hyung and the Talks between Lyuh and Endo at the Time of Korean Liberation

Recovery Campaign of Mother Tongue and Its Result after Korean Liberation

이 글에서는 1945년 해방 직후 전개된 우리말 도로 찾기 운동을 고찰하였다. 해방과 함께 우리말을 도로 찾자는 열망은 자연스럽게 분출되어각 사회단체, 조선어학회, 미군정 문교부 등이 일제어를 구축하고 조선어를 되찾는 다양한 활동을 전개하였다.<BR> 수도 서울의 이름을 되찾았고 창씨개명에 의해 잃어버렸던 우리말 성명을 되찾았으며, 사회 각 분야에서 사용하던 일제어를 폐지하고 우리말로 적절한 용어를 만들어 사용하였다.<BR> 특히 1948년 6월에 문교부에서 발행한 『우리말 도로 찾기』는 해방 이후 이루어진 우리말 도로 찾기의 값진 성과였다. 하지만 우리말 도로 찾기가 문교부에 의해 정책적으로 시행된 것은 문교부에서 활동하고 있던 최 현배, 장 지영, 이 극로 등 조선어학회 회원들의 활약에 의한 것이었다. 뿐만 아니라 조선어학회는 각 사회단체에서 전개한 우리말 도로 찾기 운동의 조언자 겸 지도자로서 활약함으로써 우리말 도로 찾기 운동의 중추적인 역할을 수행하였다.

해방 직후(1945.8~1948.7) 남한 전통음악계의 음악사회사

해방 직후(1945.8~1948.7) 남한 전통음악계의 음악사회사