Korea-US FTA Research Articles

The Origin Verification Cases and Its Implications on Record Keeping Requirements of Documents Evidencing Origin under the Korea-US FTA

The Origin Verification Cases and Its Implications on Record Keeping Requirements of Documents Evidencing Origin under the Korea-US FTA

A Study of the Arbitration Issue on the KOREA and the U.S. FTA

International legal reviews on ISD, a procedure for resolving disputes under the Korea-US FTA, are examined from the perspective of law. If the ISD system does not exist, even if the investor suffers damage due to the illegal act of the host country, he or she must file a lawsuit through the court of the host country, which is unreasonable from the investors point of view and makes it difficult to guarantee fairness and transparency. Some of the Koreans pointed out that there are some problems with the KORUS FTA dispute settlement regulations, and that the United States federal courts are taking a friendly attitude to the decisions made by the US Customs in determining the dispute by the KORUS FTA Agreement and the US Customs Act. In cases where the State does not violate international law but results in harmful consequences, the responsibility of one country is borne by the treaty. Foreign investment always comes with many challenges and risks. Therefore, the ISD system is a fair and universal arbitration system, which is considered to be a necessary system even for protecting the Korean companies investing abroad. In the investment treaty, compensation for the nationalization of foreign property and reimbursement under the laws of the host country were dissatisfied with foreign investors. In particular, some Koreans have pointed out that there are some problems in the KORUS FTA dispute resolution regulations and there is a need for further discussion and research. Based on the experiences and wisdoms gained in the course of Korea-US FTA negotiations, the dispute arbitration mechanism is urgently needed to reduce the possibility of disputes and to make amicable directions.

외국계 대형마트 영업규제의 국제통상규범 합치성 문제에 대한 고찰 : GATS와 한-EU FTA, 그리고 한-미 FTA를 중심으로

외국계 대형마트 영업규제의 국제통상규범 합치성 문제에 대한 고찰 : GATS와 한-EU FTA, 그리고 한-미 FTA를 중심으로

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under the TPP: A Comparison with the Korea-US FTA

Investor-State Dispute Settlement under the TPP: A Comparison with the Korea-US FTA

한·미 FTA에 대한 한국섬유업체의 인식 및 대응방안에 관한 연구

This study investigates the awareness levels of Korean textile companies and develops appropriate response plans for the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement. The study also explores practical and realistic directions that the Korean textile industry must initiate. A qualitative study was conducted on 10 individuals for a more in-depth and demonstrative understanding that provide a better awareness on the responses of the textile industry towards the Korea-US FTA. The results of this study are as follows. First, the effect of the Korea-US FTA on the textile industry was insignificant. Second, industry members determined that fabric sectors and specialized fabrics (such as industrial materials and finished clothing products) could realize benefits through the Korea-US FTA. Third, industry members emphasize that the current focus is on FTAs by countries that have solidified their positions as manufacturing and sewing bases for the US and Europe (such as Southeast Asia) and not the Korea-US FTA. Based on results acquired through this study, the response measures to enter the U.S. market are as follows. First, the industry must develop high-performance and high value-adding direct export products suited to the needs of the US market in order to realize the benefits of the Korea-US FTA. Second, the industry and government must cooperate to actively host and participate in overseas trade shows that can actively open sales channels within the US. Third, the self-sustainability of textile companies must be cultivated through continuous and focused government training.

Influence and Strategy of Korea-US FTA Performance for Logistics Firm

Influence and Strategy of Korea-US FTA Performance for Logistics Firm

한·미 FTA 전자상거래 협정문의 주요쟁점과 디지털콘텐츠 산업의 활성화 과제

인터넷의 출현은 국제상거래 분야에 영화, 음악, 소프트웨어 및 기타 디지털콘텐츠 제품의 전자적 거래를 발생시켰다. 본 연구는 한 미 FTA 전자상거래 협정문의 주요쟁점을 검토하고 이를 바탕으로 우리나라 디지털콘텐츠산업의 활성화를 위한 과제에 대해 문헌연구를 중심으로 살펴보았다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 다음과 같은 시사점을 제시하고자 한다. 우선 통상측면의 과제로는 디지털콘텐츠에 대한 분류 및 관세 문제, 디지털콘텐츠의 비차별대우 문제, 시청각서비스의 배제 문제 등에 대한 해결이 필요하다. 다음으로 산업측면에서는 디지털콘텐츠의 글로벌 경쟁력 강화, 수출지원 시스템의 일원화, 지역 및 장르별 해외시장 진출 전략 수립, 글로벌 전문인력의 양성, 디지털콘텐츠의 지적재산권 보호 등이 필요하다. The emergence of the internet causes the electronic trade of movies, music, software and other digital content products to be an eminent share of international commerce. The purpose of this study is to examine legal issues of electronic commerce chapters of the Korea US FTA and tasks of the digital contents industry. Results of the study show that several implications based on the industry are offered. The Korean government needs to do the following: settle of classification issue in digital contents, settle of customs issue in digital contents, settle of issue of non-discrimination principle in digital contents, settle of exclusion issue in audiovisual services, improve of global competitiveness, unify of export support system, establish of overseas expansion strategy in genre and regional contents, train of global experts and protect of intellectual property in digital contents.

A Study on Awareness and Responses of Korean Textile Firms against Korea-US FTA

The purpose of this study was to investigate the awareness levels of Korean textile companies and develop appropriate response plans for the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement. Through such, the study aims to explore practical and realistic directions that the Korean textile industry must take in the future. As for the research method, a survey on the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement was conducted to 50 Korean textile companies which mainly deal in textile exports. Results showed that Korean textile companies possess above average awareness for the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement and carry the perception that the FTA has thus far had a positive effect of market revitalization and contributions to sales. Nonetheless, perceptions on the needs for the Korea-US Free Trade Agreement and level of awareness were below average while government assistance seen to be unsatisfactory. Such results suggest that measures for successful access to the U.S. market require developing products customized for the U.S. market and creating new market opportunities by participating in U.S. exhibits and shows. In addition, textile companies must develop their abilities for self-sustainability through continuous FTA related programs provided by government in addition to investing efforts to understand global markets within companies through response measures on the FTA as a whole.

Korea-U.S. FTA in Its Second Year: Current Status of Implementation

Since the Korea-U.S. (KORUS) FTA entered into force on March 15, 2012, both sides have reviewed its status of implementation through various joint committee and working group meetings, and discussed ways to further advance their cooperation on bilateral trade issues for successful implementation. This article provides an overview of the status of implementation of the liberalization commitments made in the KORUS FTA, focusing on the trade in goods, services, investment, and other regulatory areas.

FTA - -- Ftaa -EU FTAA (Analysis on the Service and Investment Chapters of Korea's FTAs: A Comparative Analysis of the Korea-US FTA vs. The Korea-EU FTA)

Korean Abstract: 우리나라는 2000년대 후반부터 지역무역 자유화에 적극적으로 참여하여, 미국과 EU 등 거대 선진 경제권과의 FTA를 이미 발효시킨 상태이다. 최근의 지역무역협정 논의는 상품뿐만 아니라 서비스 및 투자 분야의 개방도 상당부분 포함하고 있다. 관세감축을 통한 상품시장 개방 노력이 거의 한계점에 이르러 앞으로는 관세 이외의 분야에 대한 논의가 깊어질 것으로 보이며, 특히 서비스 및 투자 분야의 협상은 더욱 활발해질 것으로 예상된다. 이에 본 연구는 WTO에서의 서비스 협정인 GATS를 바탕으로 한-미 FTA와 한-EU FTA 서비스 및 투자협정을 상호 비교하고 협정문 체계의 차이와 주요 조문의 기술상 차이를 분석함으로써, 이러한 변화가 가지는 의미를 규명하여 우리나라가 향후 FTA를 추진하는 과정에서 참고가 될 만한 시사점을 도출하고자 하였다. English Abstract: Since the late 2000s, Korea has actively engaged in FTA negotiations. As a result, Korea had already ratified nine FTAs, including the Korea-US FTA (the KORUS FTA) and the Korea-EU FTA. Nowadays, FTA negotiations have broadened their scope to include issues other than trade in goods such as service and investment. In addition, there is a distinct shift toward the so-called Mega-FTAs such as TPP, TTIP, and RCEP.This study examines service and investment chapters of the Korea-US FTA and the Korea-EU FTA. Taking GATS as a starting point, the authors first compared the legal texts between GATS and the Korea-US FTA and between GATS and the Korea-EU FTA. Then, they proceeded to find explanations for the identified differences. Regarding comparison of the Korea-US FTA and the Korea-EU FTA, there are two systematic differences: the existence of the investment chapter and the negative or positive list approach in liberalizing services and investment. First, only the Korea-US FTA has a separate chapter on investment. It is because the European Commission has not been empowered to negotiate on investment issues before the Korea-EU FTA negotiation was concluded. Second, the Korea-US FTA takes the negative list approach while the Korea-EU FTA takes the positive list approach.

The Investment Chapter of the Korea-US FTA and its Implications for Environmental Matters

The Investment Chapter of the Korea-US FTA and its Implications for Environmental Matters

한·미 FTA가 우리나라 광고산업에 미친 영향에 관한 연구

한·미 FTA가 우리나라 광고산업에 미친 영향에 관한 연구

Korea-U.S. FTA in Its Second Year: Current Status of Implementation

Since the Korea-U.S. (KORUS) FTA entered into force on March 15, 2012, both sides have reviewed its status of implementation through various joint committee and working group meetings, and discussed ways to further advance their cooperation on bilateral trade issues for successful implementation. This article provides an overview of the status of implementation of the liberalization commitments made in the KORUS FTA, focusing on the trade in goods, services, investment, and other regulatory areas.

The Effect of Korea-US FTA on Korean Agricultural Sector

The Effect of Korea-US FTA on Korean Agricultural Sector

Trade Policy and the Ideologies among Political Elites : Focusing on the Voting Behaviors of Congressmen in Ratification of Korea-Chile FTA and Korea-US FTA

본 연구는 지난 10년간 체결된 자유무역협정 중 가장 극심한 논란에 휩싸였던 2004년 한·칠레 FTA와 2011년 한·미 FTA 의회 비준동의안 처리과정을 비교해보면서 자유무역과 보호주의, 즉 통상정책을 둘러싼 정치엘리트 간 갈등의 양상이 어떻게 변했는지 규명하려는 데 목적이 있다. 돌이켜보면 한·칠레 FTA 비준동의안 처리 과정에서는 여·야, 진보·보수를 넘나들며 ‘농촌 지역구’의원들을 중심으로 ‘보호무역 지지 세력’의 규합이 이뤄진 반면 한·미 FTA 처리 과정에서는 당적을 중심으로 보수-진보 프레임속에 찬반이 극명하게 나뉘는 사태가 벌어졌다. 이 같은 차이가 어디에서 기인하는지 살펴보기 위해 통계청 자료와 16대 국회의원과 18대 국회의원 이념지수 자료 등을 토대로 한국의 통상정책에 정치엘리트의 이념이 미친 영향을 살펴봤다. 정량적인 방법을 통해 직·간접적으로 검증해본 결과 2004년 한·칠레 FTA 비준동의안 처리 당시까지만 해도 한국 정치과정에서 ‘과다대표’돼 있다고 여겨지던 ‘농업’의 힘은 6년 뒤 한·미 FTA 비준동의안 처리과정에서는 일정부분 약화된 것으로 나타났다. 반면 정치엘리트 간 ‘이념에 따른 자유무역협정에 대한 선호여부’는 새롭고 중요한 변수로 떠올랐다. 이는 향후 한국의 대외정책 중 통상정책에서 벌어지는 갈등을 설명하는 주요 변수로 ‘정치엘리트의 이념과 이념양극화 현상’이 자리 잡게 된다는 걸 의미한다.

한-미 FTA 시행에 따른 로봇산업의 환경 분석 및 경쟁력 향상 전략

This paper aims at examining the Korea export competitiveness of robot industry and presenting the strategy to improve capability of robot industry under Korea-US FTA. For the purpose, the current status and environment of Korea-US robot industry and the core points of Korea-US FTA are analyzed. In addition, using SWOT analysis of Korean robot field, we analyzed the characteristics of Korean robot industry and proposed the strategy for export expansion and strength of export competitiveness. Through above analyzation and strategies, we found out that Korea robot industry have some advantage to go into the US market and get the opportunity to improve the export capability though Korea-US FTA. In conclusion, to improve current status and to get the competitiveness, government and companies related with robot industry should recognize and utilize Korea-US FTA effect significantly.

의료민영화 논의에 따른 이슈용어의 연결 중심성 분석

본 연구는 의료서비스의 질적 향상을 가져옴과 동시에 의료소외지역을 만들 수도 있는 의료민영화에 대해서 찬성과 반대 논리를 살펴보고, 아울러 최근 3년 동안 주요 일간지에 게재된 의료민영화 및 영리병원에 관한 신문 사설을 중심으로 내용분석의 일종인 언어네트워크 분석을 통해 핵심 키워드를 찾아내고, 핵심 키워드 간의 연결 중심성 분석을 통해 논란의 핵심이 무엇인지를 밝혀 보고자 하였다. 결론적으로, 연결중심성 분석 결과 "의료", "병원", "민영화", "의료민영화", "영리병원", "정부"가 가장 중심에 위치하고 있었다. 이는 의료민영화 또는 영리병원에 관한 최근 3년 동안의 주요일간지에 게재된 사설을 중심으로 하였기 때문에, 의료, 병원, 민영화, 의료민영화, 영리병원 등의 키워드가 중심에 위치하고 있는 것은 당연한 결과이다. 다음으로, 중요한 중심 키워드(단어)는 "국민", "건강", "건강보험"이다. 이는 의료민영화를 단순히 의료시장에 대한 개방으로만 보지 않고, 최근 3년 동안의 사설들은 국민의 건강과 건강보험과 관련된 중요한 이슈로 보고 있다는 것을 의미한다고 볼 수 있다. 또한, 그 다음으로 중요한 중심성이 높은 단어로는 "반대"와 "허용"이다. 이를 통해 볼 때, 최근 3년 동안의 사설을 내용 분석해 본 결과, 의료민영화에 반대하는 쪽과 허용하자는 쪽이 팽팽하다는 것을 연결중심성 분석 결과에서도 알 수 있다. 한편, 중심성 분석결과에서 주목할 만한 결과는 "미국", "한미", "FTA" 등의 키워드도 어느 정도 중심성이 나타나고 있다는 것이다. 이는 의료민영화를 미국과의 한미 FTA와 관련하여 사설에서 기술하고 있다는 것을 나타내주는 대목이다. The purpose of this study was to review the agreement and disagreement logics on privatization of health care to bring quality enhancement of medical service and alienated area without medical services at the same time, to identify the core keywords through language network analysis a kind of contents analysis on the editorials dealing with privatization of health care and hospitals for profit published on the major daily newspapers for the recent three years, and to find out what is the core of the controversy through the connection centrality analysis of core keywords. Conclusively, it was found from the centrality analysis that "medical service," "hospital," "privatization," "privatization of health care," "hospital for profit" and "Government" were situated in the center of the controversy. It is natural that keywords such as "medical service," "hospital," "privatization," "privatization of health care"and "hospital for profit" were located in the center because this study reviewed the editorials published on major newspapers for the recent three years regarding the privatization of health care or hospital for profit. Next important keywords (words) were "people," "health"and "health insurance." It shows that privatization of health care was not simply seen as the opening of medical service market but as an important issue related to health of people and health Insurance. Next words with high centrality were "objection" and "allowance." Through the contents analysis of editorials for the last three years, it was found that the opinions for and against the privatization were equally matched according to the centrality analysis result. On the other hand, there is one noticeable result in centrality analysis, which is the keywords such as "US," "Korea US" and "FTA" showed centrality to some extent. It shows privatization is handled relating US and Korea US FTA by editorials.

Analysis of Environment related Investment Arbitration Cases of the NAFTA and their Implications to Korea-US FTA

Analysis of Environment related Investment Arbitration Cases of the NAFTA and their Implications to Korea-US FTA

The Expressive Free Trade Agreement

In the international investment context, this paper focuses on the power of the FTAs or BITs; expression of them may impact the players in the games. First, the paper examines the boost of the BITs and FTAs. The main focus is to test the application of game theory to the FTAs or BITs; the one is sequential game and the other is simultaneous (two-by-two) game, which the FTA would have the same setting. The question is how the states would play in the game table of the FTAs. In games, this paper tries to find Nash equilibrium in pure strategies. It assumes perfect to simplify the games. Calculating the probability in mixed strategy and in the imperfect information is out of the scope of the paper. Second, the paper tests the expressive law, which includes point. It delves into the creation and function of the focal points and what their implications to the FTAs are. The paper assumes that the FTA may be an power for the players when they form the future agreements. I take the example of newly signed: the Korea-US FTA, putting put into the Hawk-Dove (HD) game, which would lead to two potential equilibriums. The prevalence of one of them depends on which one is more salient. Also, traders' game and naked traders' game applies the logics in the prisoner's dilemma to international trade context. Last, the paper shows the impact of the FTAs after they are signed.

An Environment Analysis and Competition Improvement Strategy of the Cleaning Robot Market under Korea-US FTA

Abstract This paper aims at examining the Korean export competitiveness of clean robot industry and presenting the strategy to improve capability of clean robot industry under Korea-US FTA. For this purpose, the current status and environment of Korea-US clean robot industry and the core points of Korea-US FTA are analyzed. In addition, using SWOT analysis of Korean clean robot field, we analyzed the characteristics of Korean cleaning robot industry and proposed the strategy for export expansion and strength of export competitiveness. Through above analyzation and strategies, we found out that Korean clean robot industry have some advantage to go into the US market and get the opportunity to improve the export capability though Korea-US FTA. In conclusion, to improve current status and to get the competitiveness, government and companies should recognize and utilize Korea-US FTA effect significantly. Key Words : Cleaning Robot, Korea-US FTA, Environment Analysis, SWOT, Competition Improvement Strategy