Knowledge Transfer Activities Research Articles

Seeing life through life: Unpacking life education in intergenerational learning in China

Life education is increasingly recognized as one of the potentially effective ways to reduce unnatural deaths. Existing research focuses mainly on classroom knowledge transfer and extracurricular practical activities, which has been criticized for their effectiveness due to insufficient interaction between teachers and students. Creating high-quality life education, therefore, has become a demand for human happiness. Intergenerational learning embedded in life education, developed by collaborating with primary schools and older adult schools in China, has become an effective practice. Two teachers, seven primary school students, and seven older adult learners were interviewed to reveal the characteristics and impact of this effective practice. This model of practice establishes a dual subject of teachers and students in breaking the boundary between teachers as subjects and students as objects, while recognizing diverse lives in the interaction and reflection of intergenerational learning. In addition, this study constructs a classroom teaching model of teachers, primary school students, and older adult learners jointly creating knowledge, skills, emotions, attitudes, and values, and I put forward the life education thought of ‘seeing life through life’. This study has implications for policymakers on improving educational policies and practitioners on innovating life education models in cross-cultural contexts.

Are farmers’ minds really too elusive to capture? A novel evaluation framework for the knowledge transfer initiatives in agriculture

ABSTRACT Knowledge transfer initiatives aim to improve farmers’ knowledge and skills for tackling the growing economic, environmental and social challenges in agriculture. However, their evaluation is often inadequate due to institutional barriers and a lack of comprehensive methodology for assessing normative and behavioural shifts within this social group. To address this gap, we developed an extended evaluation framework for the knowledge transfer activities within the European Union's Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), including three indicators levels: output, result and impact. The indicators and survey instruments were based on the Theory of Planned Behaviour and piloted in a selected EU Member State for evaluating knowledge transfer measures in the programming period 2014–2022. The results indicate a promising potential of the proposed framework for capturing the multifaceted outcomes of knowledge transfer activities in agriculture. The usefulness and feasibility of the evaluation framework were further assessed through interviews with AKIS actors. They highlighted that evaluation activities at the Member State level may be hindered by inconsistent long-term data collection, insufficient response and involvement of farmers, deviations from the agreed protocols and a lack of dedicated resources. To ensure the uptake of the proposed evaluation framework, evaluation culture within the managing authorities and among stakeholders should be systematically fostered at the Member State level. This process can be enhanced by adopting a more elaborated CAP monitoring framework and methodology guidelines and by providing targeted training on evidence-driven policy-making.

Same Same but Different: An Analysis of Knowledge Transfer Activities in Biotech and Health Sciences

Same Same but Different: An Analysis of Knowledge Transfer Activities in Biotech and Health Sciences

KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER PRACTICES AND STRATEGIES IN HIGHER EDUCATION

This study aims to investigate knowledge transfer practices and strategies measured by knowledge vision, leadership, sharing culture, strategies, and IT infrastructures. It also examines how the variables affect organizational performance. By involving 118 respondents collected through an online survey and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression, the study found that knowledge-sharing and IT infrastructure significantly influence organizational performance, while knowledge vision, knowledge leadership, and knowledge-sharing culture do not significantly affect organizational performance. Practices such as public lectures, seminars, workshops, collegial interchange, internships, and research collaborations are considered effective in supporting knowledge transfer activities in higher education. In addition, the knowledge creation process through socialization, externalization, combination, and internalization, and factors such as vision, leadership, culture, and IT infrastructure must be managed properly to support the knowledge transfer process and formulate appropriate strategies.

Entropic Artificial Intelligence and Knowledge Transfer

An overview of entropy applications to illustrate a few possible uses of entropy in knowledge transmission and artificial intelligence. Artificial intelligence uses entropy as a fundamental concept in many diverse applications, including reinforcement learning, data compression, and decision-making. It assists artificial intelligence models in producing wellinformed forecasts and judgments by assessing uncertainty and information content. As such, the purpose of this work is to highlight the importance of entropy and draw the attention of the artificial intelligence research community to it as a potent tool for advancing artificial intelligence. This work also addresses the importance of knowledge transfer (KT), especially intergenerational KT (IGT), in knowledge management. Knowledge entropy (KE) is a concept that is used to measure the complexity of knowledge distribution within an organisation and evaluate the effectiveness of KT activities. Furthermore, the KT model—which is predicated on the ideas of information content and tacitness—is presented. It blends techniques for customisation and codification. A few challenging open problems are presented along with future study options

STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING HUMAN RESOURCES THROUGH EDUCATIONAL TOURISM

Education is the right of everyone wherever they are, at any age, including economic conditions at any level. The way to obtain knowledge can no longer be limited by anyone and anything nowadays. In this global era, education patterns are increasingly diverse, knowledge transfer activities no longer have to always be carried out in the classroom. The pattern of teaching and learning activities outside the classroom has also been implemented by many educational institutions in many countries, including Indonesia. When teaching and learning activities are carried out outside the classroom, it generally increases interest in learning for students at primary and higher education levels. In this article, we will convey qualitatively the efforts to transfer knowledge outside the classroom in order to increase interest in learning and reduce boredom due to always studying indoors. A two-way interactive atmosphere is one of the effective ways of learning activities to produce better student abilities, in all subjects or certain subjects. The more optimal human resource capabilities are in the future, we can be sure that economic conditions and many other fields will be better and able to compete with other nations.

Interorganizational Knowledge Transfer in Mass Gatherings: Exploring the Health and Safety Stakeholders' Perceptions Participating in the Athens Marathon.

Mass gatherings (MGs) usually represent significant challenges for the public health and safety sector of the host cities. Organizing a safe and successful mass event highly depends on the effective collaboration among different public and private organizations. It is necessary to establish successful coordination to ensure that all the key stakeholders understand their respective roles and responsibilities. The inconsistency between the variety of participating agencies because of their different culture can result in delays in decision making. Interorganizational knowledge transfer can improve the success of the event; however, knowledge transfer among professionals and agencies in MGs is not well-documented. This study used the 2018 Athens Marathon as the empirical setting to examine how interorganizational knowledge transfer was perceived among the multiple public health and safety professionals during the planning stage of the event. Data comprised 18 semi-structured, in-depth interviews with key informants, direct observations of meetings, and documentary analysis. Open coding and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings indicated that sharing the acquired knowledge was a necessary and challenging step to create an enabling collaborative environment among interacting organizations. Experiential learning was identified as a significant factor, which helped promote joint understanding and partnership work. Informal interpersonal exchanges and formal knowledge transfer activities facilitated knowledge sharing across organizational boundaries, helping to break down silos. Interorganizational knowledge transfer is a necessary step to achieve joint understanding and create an environment where interaction among agencies can be more effective. The study findings can be beneficial for organizers of marathons and other mass sporting events to support valuable interorganizational collaboration and conduct a safe event.

Research on the evolution and determinants of knowledge transfer network in patent-intensive industries

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the structural characteristics, spatial evolution paths and internal driving mechanisms of the knowledge transfer (KT) network in China’s patent-intensive industries (PIIs). The authors' goal is to provide valuable insights to inform policy-making that fosters the development of relevant industries. The authors also aim to offer a fresh perspective for future spatiotemporal studies on industrial KT and innovation networks.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors analyze the patent transfer (PT) data of listed companies in China’s information and communication technology (ICT) industry, spanning from 2010 to 2021. The authors use social network analysis and the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) method to explore the problem of China’s PIIs KT from the perspectives of technical characteristics evolution, network and spatial evolution and internal driving mechanisms.FindingsThe results indicate that the knowledge fields involved in the PT of China’s ICT industry primarily focus on digital information transmission technology. From 2010 to 2021, the scale of the ICT industry’s KT network expanded rapidly. However, the polarization of industrial knowledge distribution is becoming more serious. QAP regression analysis shows that economic proximity and geographical proximity do not affect KT activities. The similarity of knowledge application capacity, innovation capacity and technology demand categories in various regions has a certain degree of impact on KT in the ICT industry.Originality/valueThe current research on PIIs mainly focuses on measuring economic contributions and innovation efficiency, but less on KT in PIIs. This study explores KT in PIIs from the perspectives of technological characteristics, network and spatial evolution. The authors propose a theoretical framework to understand the internal driving mechanisms of industrial KT networks.

Uticaj transfera znanja na ekološke inovacije preuzetih kompanija u Republici Srbiji

Knowledge transfer is a key determinant of the development and implementation of innovations. It has not yet been sufficiently investigated how knowledge transfer can influence the environmental innovations of acquired companies in Serbia. This study investigates the role of knowledge transfer in acquired companies in Serbia and examines the impact of knowledge transfer on environmental innovation, i.e. on environmental innovation activities and strategy. The research was conducted based on the answers of 91 respondents, i.e. employees from five companies that were part of the acquisition process in Serbia. Collected primary data were processed in the SPSS program, using statistical analysis such as descriptive statistical analysis, correlational statistical analysis, and regression statistical analysis. Empirical results show that knowledge transfer in acquisition processes has a positive impact on the environmental innovations of acquired companies. The results show that knowledge transfer activities encourage the development and implementation of environmental innovations in those acquired companies. Since there is a lack of studies investigating the environmental orientation of acquired companies, this study contributes to the understanding of how knowledge sharing promotes the development of environmental innovations in acquired companies.

Recent research in advanced fast reactors and fuel cycle strategies in Spain

One of the main drawbacks of current nuclear energy is the generation of high-level radioactive waste. On the other hand, the composition of the used nuclear fuel would still allow a very high amount of energy to be obtained from it. Advanced fuel cycles look for a better use of nuclear fuel while reducing the amount of waste generated by closing the fuel cycle, that is, reprocessing and recycling the useful elements. At the same time, this would increase the sustainability of the fuel cycle. For this to become a reality, research needs to be carried out in fields such as advanced fuel cycle scenarios, advanced nuclear reactors or advanced partitioning processes.Although with an official open fuel cycle policy, Spain remains interested in the reutilization of irradiated fuel and actively participates in the national and international R&D activities that pursue this objective. In this paper, we report on the main activities that are currently being performed and that had been performed in recent years in this field in Spain. The main lines of research followed, and projects in which Spain has participated or is currently participating will be outlined, together with the most relevant results and the knowledge transfer activities which are being carried.

Evaluation of physicians' current practices and awareness regarding the treatment of acute uncomplicated diverticulitis: results of a provincial survey.

International guidelines now recommend nonantibiotic treatment of uncomplicated diverticulitis. We assessed physicians' current management strategies for uncomplicated diverticulitis, their awareness of the updated recommendations, and barriers to practice change. A 21-question web-based survey conducted between 09/2022 and 11/2022 was sent to participants through their respective Quebec provincial associations or working groups. Participants included general surgeons, emergency physicians, gastroenterologists and general practitioners. Physicians who did not treat diverticulitis were excluded. The main outcomes were awareness of guideline recommendations on uncomplicated diverticulitis treatment, the use of nonantibiotic management for uncomplicated diverticulitis and identification of perceived barriers to practice change. The participation rate was 15.9%. The 465 participants consisted primarily of general practitioners (41.7%), general surgeons (29.2%) and emergency physicians (17.8%). Eighty-two percent had heard of the nonantibiotic treatment strategy for uncomplicated diverticulitis; 7.5% were "uncomfortable" and 44.6% "somewhat uncomfortable" with this practice. A third (31.8%) of all physicians had no knowledge of the updated guidelines on uncomplicated diverticulitis treatment. Most reported "never" (41.6%) or "rarely" (25.1%) omitting antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis. When informed about nonantibiotic treatment, 28.7% and 51.4% of all physicians, respectively, indicated that this "will" change or "may" change their practice. Common perceived barriers to nonantibiotic treatment were concerns about treatment failure (69.6%), unawareness of updated recommendations (67.0%), difficulty in ensuring proper follow-up (59.0%) and workplace culture (54.9%). Physicians' awareness of practice guidelines recommending nonantibiotic treatment for uncomplicated diverticulitis and their application are suboptimal. Knowledge transfer activities, educational interventions and optimization of local protocols are needed to ensure the rational use of antibiotics.

Domain Applications of Project Management Knowledge (DAPMK): Beneficial Knowledge Transfer and Soft Skill Development for Life-long Enhancement

The focus of higher education in the developed economies of the Global North has steadily shifted since the 1970s from being dominantly rooted in academic knowledge and learning as an end in themselves towards a wider perspective. The needs of the professions, careers and employability were present then, but were generally a secondary concern for the HEIs. The expansion of HE across more diverse populations has produced successive changes in curriculum and more broadly in purposes, strategies, and philosophies of HE. Against the background of global, economic, societal, and technological changes, the need to maintain ‘traditions’ but with wider relevance to society, personal adaptability, and capability as well as support for lifelong careers and learning have come to impact, HE main agendas.
 Most undertakings in life require the ability to define requirements, shape responses and form processes which will lead to achieving desired goals. In short, this is the nature of ‘project’ as a concept and of project management as a means to undertake what is necessary. This paper reports on how the concepts and techniques of Project Management (PM) can be beneficially transferred in a process of soft skill development for life-long enhancement in the transitions from HE to employability and career. A project was set up at University of West London as part of their knowledge transfer activities. The researchers have established ‘proof of concept’ and are currently trialling pathways for providing learning opportunities with knowledge transfer and soft skill enhancement. The opportunity to adapt the root concepts of PM to any domain carries enormous potential for enhancing HE outcomes and for wider continuing education and skills development across communities.

Technology Transfer Assessment in Regional Business Contexts

This paper proposes a procedure for the organization of meetings between leaders of research groups and representatives of R&D&I departments in companies that is inspired by speed dating. The participating candidates were first assessed and selected based on their potential for an effective linkage in accordance with certain relevant variables taken from the literature on efficiency in technology and knowledge transfer activities. The process and findings of the application of this procedure were analyzed through the action research methodology in a real case, where 12 research groups and 55 companies participated in a pilot project fostered by the public authorities. Although meetings represent a common formula to promote collaboration between universities and industry, very few academic papers have analyzed the appropriate procedures for the organization of such meetings, which could help organizers not only to achieve the best interaction possible but also to improve the matching between a research group and the companies that are potentially interested in forming a stable collaboration for sustainable transfer activities. The results show that this procedure allows research groups to efficiently achieve first contact with companies in order to assess the potential for more lasting and sustainable collaboration.

Analisis Gender Program Pemberdayaan Integrasi Kakao-Kambing PE di Taman Teknologi Pertanian Nglanggeran

Gender issue is one of the main issue in national development implementation especially the development of human resources. The government has done many empowerment programs with expectation to improve the quality of society especially woman, but data shows that there is still asymmetry between man and woman in many activities, access, and control into resources and development benefit. This research intends to analyze public-empowerment activity within Etawah Crossbreed Cocoa-Goat Integration Program in Gender Perspective. The research information consists of man and woman constituting couple (husband-wife) and gets involved as empowerment program. This research used qualitative method through observation technique, in-depth interview with documentation and literature. The results of research show that there is still gender asymmetry in development program implementation especially woman. The expectation of empowerment program implementation can decide job decision received by man and woman and doing knowledge transfer activity in domestic development. Activity, access, and control into resources and development benefit are affected by supporting idea such as social, education, and globalization, as for resistor idea such as population structure, economic, politics, and culture.

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises’ Readiness for Digital Transformation in Indonesia

The Fourth Industrial Revolution (IR4) and the COVID-19 pandemic have become triggers for micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) to conduct digital transformation even though there are many problems that need to be resolved, particularly those related to the readiness of MSMEs in facing digitalization. This study aims to investigate Indonesian MSMEs and identify problems and types of knowledge transfer activities. By involving 101 MSMEs selected using convenience sampling and collected through an online survey, the hypotheses testing shows that the perception of higher drivers for IR4 promoting IR4 readiness is supported, while the perception of higher barriers to IR4 decreasing IR4 readiness is not supported. The problems faced by MSMEs in Indonesia are related to financial, human resources, marketing, operational, administrative, and organizational management. To solve these problems and enhance the readiness for digitalization, knowledge transfer activities from universities to MSMEs are needed. This study provides a theoretical contribution to the strategic management literature to fill the lack of studies on MSMEs’ e-readiness in developing countries and a practical contribution to assist decision-makers in formulating strategies to support MSMEs in facing IR4 and solving internal problems through knowledge transfer activities.

The impact of knowledge brokering in health sector and the challenges: A review of literature.

Knowledge brokering is a type of knowledge translation that bridge the researchers and end users. Knowledge brokering assist the interactions between all agents to understand each other's perspectives and goals to improve health system performance. The failure to deliver how important the research implementation in society may cause significant outcome. A person or organization who perform knowledge brokering is called knowledge broker (KB). Literature review is conducted for the clinical question of how knowledge brokering impact the health sector and the visible challenges. A literature search is performed by systematic search using three major online databases; Cochrane, PubMed, and EBSCO. Hand-searching also yielded one result that fit the objective of this study. The database result search was being screened from the title and abstract which resulted in 14 relevant articles. After reading the full-text articles, four literatures were ruled-in. The study assessed knowledge brokering process using various methods like single framework or model as well as the combination. The challenges include the lack of communication between internal team and end users, leadership skill, engaging end users, knowledge transfer activity, different timeline, and diverse vision. Evaluating and applying knowledge brokering strategies were needed as the practice itself bringing positive outcomes. Knowledge brokering approaches consist of many methods which tailored to the study objective. Challenges that stand out were communication and personal skill, engaging end users, and perspectives difference. The impact of knowledge brokering is challenging to assess. Further studies that evaluate the impacts of knowledge brokering are still needed.

Beyond ambidexterity: universities and their changing roles in driving regional development in challenging times

Around the world today, universities are expected to play a unique role as creators of regional growth and innovation. While there appears to be a consensus that the role of universities has been expanded, critiques show that the contribution of universities to their regions is still not well defined. There have been some developments in the literature on the concept of modern universities such as the triple helix, entrepreneurial university and engaged university. However, those concepts focus on enforcing universities’ roles in a single domain such as entrepreneurship, innovation, or civic engagement. Little is known about how universities can facilitate regional growth that goes beyond knowledge transfer activities such as spin-off creation, licensing, and patenting. This paper contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of universities’ role in regional growth through the theoretical lens of ambidexterity. Using ambidexterity, universities with a regional focus were distinguished from those engaged in research commercialization and traditional third-mission roles. Through two case studies, this study found that teaching, research, and engagement should not be separated, since they can serve both economic and social missions. As a result, a new model of multidextrous universities is proposed where universities meet both economic and social missions through teaching, research, and engagement. Contrary to previous contributions which presented universities as ambidextrous organizations where tension appears only between research commercialization and research publication or between teaching and research, this study suggests that universities need to overcome tensions and incorporate a sense of place in all activities to successfully contribute to regional growth.

Reducing anthelmintic inputs in organic farming: Are small ruminant farmers integrating alternative strategies to control gastrointestinal nematodes?

To counter the global spread of anthelmintic resistance (AR), considerable efforts have been invested in the development and dissemination of sustainable alternatives to control gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in small ruminants. The degree to which these have been accepted and integrated by farmers, particularly in organic systems, where the drive to reduce chemical inputs is arguably even more pressing, has been little studied. To identify whether more comprehensive actions are needed to support the uptake of alternative GIN controls amongst organic farmers, this study conducted a survey in five European countries on organic dairy goat and meat sheep farmers to gain insight into current GIN control strategies and farmer attitudes towards AR and alternative measures in these countries. The structured survey was disseminated in the five European countries Switzerland, France, Netherlands, Lithuania and United Kingdom, receiving a total of 425 responses, 106 from organic dairy goat farmers and 319 from organic meat sheep farmers. Regression analyses were carried out to identify factors impacting anthelmintic drenching on meat sheep production systems, whereas all data were analysed descriptively. Four key findings emerged: i) The frequency of anthelmintic treatments averaged less than two per animal a year in all production systems; ii) Overall, organic farmers seemed well informed on the availability of alternative GIN control methods, but fewer stated to put them into practice; iii) Targeted selective treatment (TST) strategies of anthelmintics appears to be not commonly incorporated by organic farmers; iv) Despite operating under national and EU organic regulations, each of the organic dairy goat (Switzerland, France and Netherlands) and meat sheep (Switzerland, Lithuania and United Kingdom) production systems developed distinct approaches for GIN control. To increase uptake of alternatives to GIN control and optimise anthelmintic use, initiatives that promote research dissemination, farmer participatory and knowledge transfer activities at national level would be desirable.

Knowledge Transfer Mechanisms Using Text Mining and Sentiment Analysis – Case in an Online Collaboration

This study aims to test, examine, and validate text-based human-machine knowledge transfer (KT) by comparing it with human-human KT. The online discussion experiment was carried out via WhatsApp group chats. Chat sentiment was determined using text mining and sentiment analysis and then compared with the respondent's understanding of the knowledge obtained from interviews. The results have shown that human-machine KT is close to human-human KT. By analyzing the correlation coefficient between the two, it is proven that sentiment indicates an understanding of knowledge. Positive sentiment shows similar or in-line understanding between the source and recipient of knowledge and indicates the achievement of KT objectives. Neutral sentiment indicates incomprehension due to the failure of KT. Meanwhile, negative sentiment is ambiguous; it may indicate an incomprehension or a misunderstanding of the knowledge received. This study contributes to the area of knowledge and sentiments, showing that the effectiveness of text-based KT activity can be identified using the sentiment analysis approach.

Best Practices in Knowledge Transfer: Insights from Top Universities

The impact of knowledge transfer induced by universities on economy, society, and culture is widely acknowledged; nevertheless, this aspect is often neglected by university rankings. Here, we considered three of the most popular global university rankings and specific knowledge transfer indicators by U-multirank, a European ranking system launched by the European Commission, in order to answer to the following research question: how do the world top universities, evaluated according to global university rankings, perform from a knowledge transfer point of view? To this aim, the top universities have been compared with the others through the calculation of a Global Performance Indicator in Knowledge Transfer (GPI KT), a hierarchical clustering, and an outlier analysis. The results show that the universities best rated by global rankings do not always perform as well from knowledge transfer point of view. By combining the obtained results, it is possible to state that only 5 universities (Berkeley, Stanford, MIT, Harvard, CALTEC), among the top in the world, exhibit a high-level performance in knowledge transfer activities. For a better understanding of the success factors and best practices in knowledge transfer, a brief description of the 5 cited universities, in terms of organization of technology transfer service, relationship with business, entrepreneurship programs, and, more generally, third mission activities, is provided. A joint reading of the results suggests that the most popular global university rankings probably fail to effectively photograph third mission activities because they can manifest in a variety of forms, due to the intrinsic and intangible nature of third mission variables, which are difficult to quantify with simple and few indicators.