Professional Knowledge Research Articles

Validity and Reliability of the Thai Version of the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (Thai KASRP)

Objective: The knowledge that healthcare providers have about pain management influences the treatment that patients receive. Given the rapid advances in pain knowledge and the uniqueness of pain management in different cultures and contexts, it is necessary to assess pain knowledge in different countries. This study aimed to (1) translate and culturally adapt the original English version of the knowledge and attitudes survey regarding pain (KASRP) instrument into Thai, and (2) conduct a preliminary evaluation of the validity and reliability of the translated questionnaire.Material and Methods: The KASRP instructions and items were translated into Thai using the World Health Organization guideline for the translation of instruments. Content validation of the Thai KASRP was evaluated by an expert panel. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using data from 30 healthcare providers. Face validity was evaluated by 7 healthcare providers for the questionnaire’s clarity, format, and acceptability. All information was used to revise the Thai KASRP into a final version.Results: Some items of the original KASRP were updated to maximize clarity, comprehensibility, and consistency with the current standards of pain management in Thailand. Moreover, some items were removed because their contexts were not compatible with pain practice in Thailand. An expert panel rated 99% of the translated items as relevant and clear, supporting the measure's content validity. Test-retest reliability was good to excellent.Conclusion: The Thai KASRP demonstrated good validity and reliability. It could be used to assess the knowledge and attitudes of health professionals regarding pain management in Thailand.

Psychogenic hearing loss in children and adolescents. Diagnosis and psychotherapy

Introduction Psychogenic hearing loss is often neglected in the differential diagnosis of hearing disorders. In a difficult diagnostic process and treatment of psychogenic hearing loss disorder, the close cooperation of the audiologist, psychologist, patient, and his family is required. The study aimed to improve the knowledge and understanding of psychogenic hearing loss, establish a differential diagnosis in audiological tests in children, determine diagnostic procedures and finally apply adequate therapeutic procedures. The professional knowledge presented in the study will enable adaptation of reliable information which can be transferred to young patients and their families to let them recognize their problems. Material and methods A group of 321 children, admitted to the Department of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, Phoniatrics and Audiology, The Children’s Hospital in Lublin, Poland, from January 2019 to December 2021, who complained of hearing loss were analysed in the study. Results Twenty-two patients (15 girls and 7 boys) met the audiological criteria of psychogenic hearing loss and were enrolled to the study. Seventeen children complained of bilateral hearing loss, and five patients presented with a unilateral hearing loss. Conclusions Family and personality problems cause unresolved difficulties in children and can lead to psychogenic deafness. Constant interest demonstrated by a guardian not only when the child is causing troubles or is complaining of disease is the key to avoiding developing psychosomatic disorders such as psychogenic hearing loss.

Prerequisites for Improving the Socio-Demographic Situation in Greater Donbass

The scientifi c and practical research presented by the author of this article is a continuation of a series of articles on sociological research conducted in the territory of Greater Donbass. The object of the sociological study is to assess the impact of long-term military actions on the socio-demographic situation, and the subject is the basic possibilities (prerequisites) for improving the socio-demographic situation of the region under study in the short-term post-war perspective. To restore the social and industrial infrastructure of the DPR destroyed as a result of military actions, the Republic lacks professional personnel in most basic professions. This is a direct consequence of the combined processes of martial law and demographic processes. Military actions had both direct and indirect effects on the socio-demographic situation in the DPR. The direct impact includes the death of military personnel and civilians in the Republic. In addition to direct losses, indirect losses should be highlighted, which are determined by high population migration. The socio-demographic state of the DPR, taking into account the consequences of military actions, is also infl uenced to a certain extent by other reasons and factors than in the Soviet Union after the Great Patriotic War. Significant consequences of the Great Patriotic War were the large number of casualties among military personnel and civilians, and in the DPR the departure of qualifi ed personnel from this territory is decisive. At the same time, forecasting the socio-demographic situation in the short-term post-war perspective in the territory of Greater Donbass using known mathematical methods is impossible due to the lack of a single, comparable and objective information base for the period under study (2013–2024), but the author’s use of a universal research method (SWOT analysis) turned out to be acceptable and effective. To improve the socio-demographic situation in the territory of Greater Donbass, it is necessary to create conditions for the postwar return of labor migrants to the territory of the DPR, as well as the restoration of their professional knowledge and skills. The most important condition for the post-war return of migrants is a significant improvement in the quality of life in the Republic.

Improving care experiences for premenstrual symptoms and disorders in the United Kingdom (UK): a mixed-methods approach

BackgroundPoor care experiences are reported for premenstrual disorders, which may result in negative outcomes such as distress, reduced healthcare engagement, and delays to diagnosis. This research aimed to explore healthcare experiences for premenstrual symptoms in the United Kingdom and identify areas for potential improvements based on participant responses.MethodAn online survey was delivered, with participants recruited via social media. Experiences of care were explored using quantitative and qualitative questions. Quantitative data were explored using descriptive statistics, with group differences investigated using Mann–Whitney U tests and chi-square tests as appropriate. Qualitative data regarding care improvements was explored using inductive thematic analysis.ResultsThe sample included 339 participants who completed at least 97% of the survey, reported premenstrual symptoms in consecutive cycles, and had sought formal help for these symptoms. Mean age was 34.66 (SD = 5.88), with the majority identifying as women (n = 332, 97.94%) and white/Caucasian (n = 311, 91.74%). 75.22% (n = 255) felt that care was poor. 44.25% (n = 150) felt their symptoms were not taken seriously. 37.76% perceived a lack of healthcare professional knowledge (n = 128). The majority did not receive recommendations of non-formal sources of help (i.e., websites, support groups; 84.96%, n = 288) or lifestyle changes (74.63%, n = 253). Better care experiences were associated with healthcare professionals taking symptoms seriously (U = 1383.00, p < .001), higher perceived healthcare professional knowledge (U = 1370.50, p < .001), and receiving recommendations of non-formal sources of help (X2 = 48.251, df = 1, p < .001, Φc = .382) or lifestyle changes (X2 = 7.849, df = 1, p = .005, Φc = .152). Thematic analysis revealed 8 aspects of care improvement: Empathetic care provision; Healthcare professional education, understanding, and research; Comprehensive symptom assessment and investigations; Diagnosis; Professional support and treatment provision; Signposting or referral to additional resources or sources of help; Wider healthcare system improvements; and Patient role/voice and preferences.ConclusionsPoor care experiences for premenstrual symptoms in the UK are characterised by dismissive attitudes and perceived lack of knowledge. Improved training provision for healthcare professionals is required to address this and other aspects of care identified by qualitative analysis. However, research is needed to identify appropriate methods to deliver training. Utilisation of standardised screening tools and patient-centred communication will likely ensure comprehensive assessments and reduce self-advocacy burdens.

Effect of integrated case-based and problem-based learning on clinical thinking skills of assistant general practitioner trainees: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundCase-Based Learning (CBL) and Problem-Based Learning (PBL) are popular methods in medical education. However, we do not fully understand how they affect the clinical thinking skills of Assistant General Practitioner (AGP) trainees. This randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of combining CBL and PBL and compare their impact on the clinical thinking skills of AGP trainees with that of traditional lecture-based learning (LBL).MethodsThis randomised controlled trial involved 70 second-year AGP trainees who were randomly assigned to either the CBL-PBL group or the LBL group using a simple randomisation method. The CBL-PBL group engaged in a curriculum that integrated case-based and problem-based learning, whereas the LBL group followed a traditional lecture-based format, as described in the syllabus. To evaluate clinical thinking skills, the participants were assessed using the Clinical Thinking Skills Evaluation Scale (CTSES) and an assistant general practitioner’s professional knowledge test. In addition, this study analysed various factors that influence clinical thinking skills.ResultsCompared with the LBL group, the CBL-PBL group showed significantly improved performance in all domains assessed by the CTSES in post-course tests (p < 0.001). Specifically, the mean scores for critical, systematic, and evidence-based thinking showed notable improvement in the CBL-PBL group. Additionally, the scores on the professional knowledge test reflected a substantial increase in this group. Furthermore, multiple linear regression analysis showed that both CBL-PBL curriculum performance scores and number of weekly article readings significantly influenced the development of clinical thinking skills.ConclusionThe CBL-PBL teaching method positively influenced the clinical thinking skills of assistant general practitioner trainees, with a positive correlation between these skills and course performance in the CBL-PBL curriculum.Trial registrationNot applicable.

Integration of Mixed Teaching in Ideological and Political Reform Practice of Health Assessment Course in Nursing Vocational Colleges

The analysis of the problems in health assessment course education, further study can be applied to nursing vocational health assessment course of hybrid teaching methods, mining education elements, establishing health assessment course of the education department, realize the depth of the professional education and ideological education, into the hybrid teaching mode, to achieve professional knowledge and thought quality of two-way integration of education.

Facing the paradox of professionalizing peer roles in MH services: how addressing self-disclosure with self-determination theory might help.

Peer Support Workers (PSWs) play a crucial role in recovery-oriented mental health services. They offer support and hope by sharing their personal experiences and recovery journeys. However, transitioning from voluntary self-help roles to paid positions within statutory systems is not merely a technical shift. This change creates inherent tensions and conflicts, stemming from the integration of a peer model within a medical framework. I refer to the interface between these models as the "Professional-Peer Paradox" (PPP). At its heart, this paradox questions whether and how PSWs can integrate a role that relies on self-disclosure of shared lived experiences within a system rooted in professional knowledge norms delivered unidirectionally to service recipients. Using a whole organizational approach, I propose leveraging the autonomy-supportive environment concept from self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 2000) to promote self-disclosure in mental health services. I highlight the complexities involved in Peer Support Workers' (PSWs) use of self-disclosure (lived experience) within statutory mental health (MH) services. I suggest that PSWs can better commit to their unique roles by structuring multiple peer roles with varying levels of self-disclosure and creating a culture that fosters peer practice. Overall, applying a SDT systems' framework to the practice of self-disclosure can enhance the occupational identity of PSWs, establishing their unique position within the spectrum of mental health professions globally.

What factors influence Australian media professionals’ level of agreement with guidelines for reporting suicide?

This study examined whether Australian media professionals agree with guidelines for reporting suicide (Mindframe guidelines) and the factors that may influence their level of agreement. Participants completed an online survey to assess their level of agreement with Mindframe guidelines and to explore factors that might be associated with guideline agreement. These factors included demographic variables, suicide stigma, exposure to suicide, perceived strength of the evidence, personal use of guidelines, organisational compliance with guidelines and prior exposure to Mindframe. In total, 262 Australian media professionals from broadcast, print, digital and other media were recruited. Participants agreed with 15 of the 16 guideline statements, with linear regression showing that prior exposure to Mindframe was a significant predictor of agreement as was the perceived strength of the evidence, personal application of guidelines and stigma. Guidelines for reporting suicide should be enhanced by an active implementation strategy informed by knowledge and views of media professionals.

Extracting Fruit Disease Knowledge from Research Papers Based on Large Language Models and Prompt Engineering

In China, fruit tree diseases are a significant threat to the development of the fruit tree industry, and knowledge about fruit tree diseases is the most needed professional knowledge for fruit farmers and other practitioners in the fruit tree industry. Research papers are the primary sources of professional knowledge that represent the cutting-edge progress in fruit disease research. Traditional knowledge engineering methods for knowledge acquisition require extensive and cumbersome preparatory work, and they demand a high level of professional background and information technology skills from the handlers. This paper, from the perspective of fruit tree industry knowledge dissemination, aims at users such as fruit farmers, fruit tree experts, fruit tree knowledge communicators, and information gatherers. It proposes a fast, cost-effective, and low-technical-barrier method for extracting fruit tree disease knowledge from research paper abstracts—K-Extract, based on large language models (LLMs) and prompt engineering. Under zero-shot conditions, K-Extract utilizes conversational LLMs to automate the extraction of fruit tree disease knowledge. The K-Extract method has constructed a comprehensive classification system for fruit tree diseases and, through a series of optimized prompt questions, effectively overcomes the deficiencies of LLM models in providing factual accuracy. This paper tests multiple LLM models available in the Chinese market, and the results show that K-Extract can seamlessly integrate with any conversational LLM model, with the DeepSeek model and the Kimi model performing particularly well. The experimental results indicate that LLM models have a high accuracy rate in handling judgment tasks and simple knowledge Q&amp;A tasks. The K-Extract method is simple, efficient, and accurate, and can serve as a convenient tool for knowledge extraction in the agricultural field.

Microbiota awareness levels of medical students: the case of Trakya university

BackgroundHuman microbiota is noteworthy for its ability to encode a much greater variety and quantity of proteins than human cells. Despite its dynamic and complex nature, it has been associated with healthy living for over a century. The knowledge and attitudes of healthcare professionals, especially physicians, influence the use of pro-prebiotic interventions to modulate the microbiota. This study aimed to examine the awareness of medical students about the microbiota and the factors influencing their awareness.MethodsThe study was conducted between May 15 and August 15, 2023, with the participation of 235 medical students. The students were administered a 13-item questionnaire and the Microbiota Awareness Scale (MAS). The questionnaire and scale were administered face-to-face, and the results were statistically analyzed.ResultsThe students’ MAS total mean score was 70.34 ± 8.15. The MAS scores of medical students in the 4th, 5th, and 6th grades who underwent clinical training, those who conducted research on microbiota independently, those who had previously used prebiotics/probiotics, and those who rated themselves highly on microbiota knowledge were statistically higher.ConclusionsThe study revealed that students’ awareness of the microbiota increased with advancing years of medical education, reaching a high level by the time of graduation. To enable future physicians to effectively communicate this knowledge to the public and incorporate it into clinical practice, it is crucial to provide comprehensive education on microbiota, probiotics, and prebiotics during medical training. Additionally, promoting scientific research and organizing activities in these areas are essential for fostering deeper understanding and practical application.

Assessment of the usefulness of Neurodevelopmental Centered Care (NCC) in relation to the knowledge and professional experience in Neonatal Intensive Care (NICU) of nurses in a public hospital in the city of Rosario

Prematurity is a well-known problem and a leading cause of newborn deaths. Premature newborns (PTNB) have criteria for admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) for care and survival with a series of neurodevelopmental risks. The aim of this study was to determine the assessment of the usefulness of Neurodevelopmental Centered Care (NCC) in relation to professional knowledge and experience in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICU) of nurses in a public hospital in the city of Rosario. A non-experimental, descriptive, qualitative-quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out on the total population of nurses (25) working in the NICU. The data collection technique was the survey and a self-administered questionnaire was used with 12 items that accounted for the different indicators of the variables. The degree of the respondents showed some parity between undergraduate and undergraduate academic degree; and specific training in NCC -updated to the last year- represented a little more than a third of the population. The nurses' self-perception of their knowledge and experience to perform in the NICU was predominantly intermediate - 84% and 72% respectively. The mean usefulness assessment of 7 activities of the NCC in relation to the evolution and prognosis of the PTNB in the NICU had levels compatible with the range of maximum possible assessment (between value=5 and value=6): impact of stress prevention 5.80; family participation, noise control and pain prevention 5.76; care of the PTNB's posture 5.60; care of maneuvers and contact 5.52; and mother/parent kangaroo method 5.44. It is concluded that the valuation of usefulness of CCN in this population has been very high and no correlation is seen with the academic degree, the training present in CNN and the different levels of self-perceived knowledge and experience in the NICU

Identification, classification, and documentation of drug related problems in community pharmacy practice in Europe: a scoping review.

Drug-related problems (DRPs) are significant issues in healthcare contributing to adverse health outcomes and increased healthcare costs. While community pharmacists play a pivotal role in identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs, there is a need to map approaches undertaken. The aim of this scoping review was to examine the approaches to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in community pharmacies in Europe, and their associated barriers and facilitators. The scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines and reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The search was conducted across 11 databases from inception until March 2023. Studies of all designs reporting DRPs in European community pharmacies were included. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by two researchers, followed by data extraction and synthesis. The search yielded 67 relevant studies. Forty-eight studies described approaches to DRP identification as predominantly relying on professional knowledge and computer software. The classification methods, described in 41 studies, varied with reports of predefined systems and computer-generated classifications. Documentation approaches were described in 53 studies and were primarily computer-based. Facilitators included electronic support systems, pharmacist experience, while barriers encompassed the complexity of classification as well as variations in training, IT solutions, operational structures, and implementation. There is a lack of a standardized approach to identifying, classifying, and documenting DRPs in European community pharmacies. A framework for pharmacist education and a time-saving approach to documenting DRPs consistently could serve to overcome the barriers to their identification and documentation. Furthermore, the implementation of a standardised approach to classifying DRPs could facilitate comparison of the management of DRPs across Europe.

Becoming Future Health Professionals: The Role of Experiential Learning on Exercise Science Students’ Pre-Professional Identity

Pre-Professional Identity (PPI) forms by internalizing professional skills, knowledge, and values of the intended future profession into one’s identity. This process enables individuals to act, think, and feel like professionals. Upon graduation, the majority of students in exercise science pursue careers in various health professions, and their undergraduate experiences significantly influence the formation of PPI. Future health professionals who develop a strong PPI are better equipped to navigate their professional careers with purpose and meaning, contributing to both stability and longevity in their profession. This study explores the impact of an experiential learning course on PPI formation among exercise science major students. Eleven students participated in this study and the data were collected through semi-structured individual interviews and reflection papers. Four key themes were identified in this study: Experiencing and Reflecting, Acting and Thinking Like a Professional, Feeling Like a Professional, and Constructing a Pre-Professional Identity as a Health Professional. Through experiential learning, followed by guided reflection, exercise science students were able to apply their knowledge and skills in real-world situations and embody professional values, influencing the development of PPI as future health professionals. This study provides insights into how experiential learning can shape the PPI of future health professionals. Also, this study highlights the importance of intentionally integrating various strategies that contribute to the formation of PPI among exercise science students.

Knowledge, attitude and practice among healthcare professionals regarding the use of personal protective equipment at tertiary care hospitals in Peshawar

Background: Personal protective equipment is designed to safeguard healthcare workers and patients from potential risks during healthcare activities. The proper utilization of PPE serves as a crucial strategy for mitigating the transmission of infections within healthcare settings, thereby minimizing the risk of both healthcare-associated infections and community spread. In this study we tried to explore and assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare professionals regarding use of Personal protective equipment (PPE). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Northwest General Hospital (a private sector tertiary healthcare hospital) and Hayatabad Medical Complex (a public sector tertiary care hospital) from March to August 2023. Data was collected from 260 healthcare workers i.e. Doctors and Nurses from both institutions through a preformed questionnaire containing a total of 27 questions. Results: There was a slight positive correlation between increasing years of practice and knowledge regarding PPE (Pearson correlation = 0.017). There was a slight positive correlation between increasing years of practice and attitude (Pearson correlation = 0.035). There was a positive correlation between increasing years of practice and practice of PPE (Pearson correlation=0.147), and there was also a significant association (0.018) between increasing years of practice and practice of PPE Conclusion: Study shows that the healthcare professionals have good knowledge and attitude regarding use of PPE, but there are still gaps in practicing PPE.

Motivation of students as a factor in the formation of a future specialist and ways to improve it

In psychological and pedagogical science and practice, special attention is paid to the motivation of learning activities, as it affects the quality of learning activities. The predominance of external, utilitarian motives among modern youth leads to the fact that learning becomes formal, there is no creative approach, no independent setting of learning goals. It is known that a negative or indifferent attitude to learning can be the reason for a student's poor performance or failure. The article considers professional self-consciousness as an independent psychological and acmeological category, as a developing system, as a personal formation inherent in a particular subject of activity. The manifestation of professional self-consciousness is personal qualities that are refracted through professional knowledge and demonstrated in the situation of professional life. The defining component of the organization of learning activities is motivation. The main factors that influence the formation of positive motivation for learning activities are: the content of the educational material, the organization of learning activities, collective forms of learning activities, assessment of learning activities and the style of pedagogical activity of the teacher. Cognitive activity is the leading sphere of human life. Hence, the cognitive motive is formed - the main factor in the success of cognitive activity, through which the natural human need for development is realized. The groups of cognitive activity motives are analyzed. The study of motivation for professional activity examines the relationship between professional skills and various factors, among which the needs of the individual, the level of achievement motivation and the social prestige of the activity are particularly emphasized. Thus, prestige positively correlates with high motivation (including achievement rather than avoidance of failure), self-esteem, confidence in the future, and the importance of the activity and its results. Activities are never motivated by only one motive. It matters which motive is the main, determining, and which is secondary. The main motive in students' learning activities should be educational and cognitive interest. Only then will learning activities be effective.

International Expert Consensus on Relevant Health and Functioning Concepts to Assess in Users of Tobacco and Nicotine Products: Delphi Study.

A Delphi study was conducted to reach a consensus among international clinical and health care experts on the most important health and functioning self-reported concepts when evaluating a switch from smoking cigarettes to using smoke-free tobacco and/or nicotine products (sf-TNPs). The aim of this research was to identify concepts considered important to measure when assessing the health and functioning status of users of tobacco and/or nicotine products. Experts (n=105), including health care professionals, researchers, and policy makers, from 26 countries with professional experience and knowledge of sf-TNPs completed a 3-round, adapted Delphi panel. Online surveys combining quantitative (MaxDiff best-worst scaling and latent class analysis) and qualitative assessments were used to rank and achieve alignment on the importance of 69 health and functioning concepts. All experts participating in round I completed round II, and 101 (95%) completed round III. The round I analysis identified 36 (52%) out of 69 concepts that were refined for the round II assessment. The highest-ranked concepts reflected health-related impacts, while the lowest-ranked ranked concepts were related to aesthetics and social impacts. Round II ranking reinforced the importance of concepts relating to health impacts, and the analysis resulted in 20 concepts retained for round III assessment. In round III, the 4 highest-ranked concepts were cardiovascular symptoms, shortness of breath, chest pain, and worry about smoking-related diseases and impact on general health, and they made up 50% of the total score in the MaxDiff analysis. Experts reported likelihood of seeing measurable levels of change in the final 20 concepts with a switch to an sf-TNP. The majority of experts felt it was "likely" or "extremely likely" to observe changes in concepts such as gum problems (74/101, 73%), phlegm or mucus while coughing or not coughing (72/101, 71%), general perception of well-being (72/101, 71%), and throat irritation or sore throat (72/101, 71%). Latent class analysis revealed subgroups of experts with different perceptions of the relative importance of the concepts, which varied depending on professional specialty and geographic region. For example, 74% (14/19) of oncologists aligned with the subgroup prioritizing physical health symptoms, while 71% (12/17) of experts from Asia aligned with the subgroup considering both physical health and psychosocial aspects. This study identified key concepts to be considered in the development of a new measurement instrument to assess the self-reported health and functioning status of individuals using sf-TNPs. The findings contribute to the scientific evidence base for understanding and evaluating both the individual and public health impacts of sf-TNPs.

Self-Assessment of Medical Ethics and Professionalism: Comparison Between Preclinical and Clinical Medical Students.

Ethics and professionalism are fundamental elements in the practice of medicine consisting of a set of values, behaviors, and relationships that reinforce the trust and respect for the physician in a society. It consists of several key elements that are learnt during their formative years of study. This study aims to compare knowledge and self-reported practice of ethics and professionalism between preclinical and clinical undergraduate medical students. We included 427 medical students including males and females of age 18 and above. They were further divided into preclinical and clinical groups. We assessed knowledge and practice of medical professionalism through a validated questionnaire containing 11 core elements (components) of medical professionalism and ethics. The assessment was carried out by comparing median scores assigned to the components of professionalism against each question. Data was analyzed through SPSS v.22 and GraphPad Prism v.8. Clinical medical students had significantly higher knowledge of medical professionalism as compared to nonclinical students (P = .0016). Moreover, among the components of professionalism, there was a significantly higher score for confidentiality (P = .006), communication skills (P = .001), self-directed learning (P = .011), peer and self-assessment (P = .0011) along with ethics in research and patient care (P = .0042) in clinical students as compared to preclinical medical students. However, no significant difference was found between students of preclinical and clinical years for honesty, accountability, respect, responsibility, compassion, and maturity (P > .05). The findings were comparable across students of different ethnicities in our study cohort (P > .05). Our findings suggest that knowledge and practice of certain elements of ethics and professionalism are enhanced through clinical exposure, however, few remain consistent across different stages of study. Moreover, lack of significant differences in practice of professionalism based on ethnic differences underscores the potential universal standards in medical education.

Views and Experiences of Nurses Receiving Care as Inpatients: An Empirical Qualitative Study From Ankara.

To determine the views and experiences of inpatient nurses receiving care. Switching from the care provider role to being a patient allows nurses to realise patients' real care expectations and to test their colleagues' care practices. Nurses' experience as inpatients is essential for understanding patients' care-related expectations and improving care quality by reflecting on their practices. This qualitative study used a descriptive phenomenological design. Data were collected from nine volunteer nurses between July 2018 and June 2020 in Ankara, Türkiye, through face-to-face interviews using semi-structured questionnaires and audio recordings. The research data were analysed by following the descriptive phenomenological data analysis steps. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research [COREQ] checklist was used to report study findings. Three themes emerged from the views and experiences of nurses receiving inpatient care: care-receiving experiences, components of good nursing care and change in perception of care. It is important to reveal the opinions and experiences of hospitalised nurses regarding care to understand the expectations of the care recipients and to increase the quality of the care provided. The study revealed that the experiences of nurses receiving inpatient care improved their professional sensitivity and this was reflected in the quality of the nursing care they provided. Nurses can provide higher quality and humanistic care by combining their professional knowledge and skills with the increased awareness of the inpatient experience of nurses. No patient or public contribution.

The knowledge, experience, and awareness of professionals working with older adults on the auditory-cognitive interactions.

Hearing loss is a commonly occurring condition with dementia. Research already presented a theoretical framework for the auditory-cognitive interactions, though it is still unclear if and how professionals beyond audiologists act upon this interactions in clinical practice. An online 64-item questionnaire was developed and evaluated respondents' work setting as well as their knowledge, experience, and awareness regarding hearing loss, cognitive decline, and the auditory-cognitive link. The questionnaire was sent to Dutch professionals working with older adults. Respondents were surveyed from May to September 2022. Two hundred and six non-physicians with a mean work experience of 16 years (range: 6 months - 42 years) and 25 physicians with a mean work experience of 13 years (range: 8 months - 42 years) filled in the entire questionnaire. There was a prevailing tendency to treat hearing and cognitive impairment as distinct entities, overlooking their coexistence and interactions. Results also showed a deficiency in assessing the hearing and cognitive status of older adults, with most relying on the older adult's self-report or indirect (non)verbal cues. Those strategies are strongly dependent on the professional's awareness and knowledge which were, especially for the hearing-related aspects, considered limited. For example, effortful listening was barely reported by the respondents as an important hearing-related complaint. Last, communication strategies fall short, with professionals adapting general approaches but lacking specificity. Specific information for professionals beyond audiologists regarding the auditory-cognitive interactions as well as guidelines how to acted upon in clinical practice are needed to optimise person-centered care for older adults.

Practical knowledge of healthcare professionals who provided the initial response to victims of the sarin gas attack on the underground in Tokyo

Practical knowledge of healthcare professionals who provided the initial response to victims of the sarin gas attack on the underground in Tokyo