Parental Knowledge Research Articles

Family Attachment and Delinquency Among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Adolescent Self-Disclosure and Parental Knowledge

Family Attachment and Delinquency Among Chinese Adolescents: The Mediating Roles of Adolescent Self-Disclosure and Parental Knowledge

Mothers and Babies Virtual Group (MBVG) for perinatal Latina women: study protocol for a hybrid type-1 effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial

BackgroundImmigrant Latinas (who are foreign-born but now reside in the USA) are at greater risk for developing postpartum depression than the general perinatal population, but many face barriers to treatment. To address these barriers, we adapted the Mothers and Babies Course—an evidence-based intervention for postpartum depression prevention—to a virtual group format. Additional adaptations are inclusion of tailored supplemental child health content and nutrition benefit assistance. We are partnering with Early Learning Centers (ELC) across the state of Maryland to deliver and test the adapted intervention.MethodsThe design is a Hybrid Type I Effectiveness-Implementation Trial. A total of 300 participants will be individually randomized to immediate (N = 150) versus delayed (N = 150) receipt of the intervention, Mothers and Babies Virtual Group (MB-VG). The intervention will be delivered by trained Early Learning Center staff. The primary outcomes are depressive symptoms (measured via the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale), parenting self-efficacy (measured via the Parental Cognition and Conduct Towards the Infant Scale (PACOTIS) Parenting Self-Efficacy subscale), and parenting responsiveness (measured via the Maternal Infant Responsiveness Instrument) at 1-week, 3-month, and 6-month post-intervention. Depressive episodes (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-V- Disorders Research Version) at 3-month and 6-month post-intervention will also be assessed. Secondary outcomes include social support, mood management, anxiety symptoms, perceived stress, food insecurity, and mental health stigma at 1-week, 3-month, and 6-month post-intervention. Exploratory child outcomes are dysregulation and school readiness at 6-month post-intervention. Intervention fidelity, feasibility, acceptability, and appropriateness will also be assessed guided by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework.DiscussionThis study will be one of the first to test the efficacy of a group-based virtual perinatal depression intervention with Latina immigrants, for whom stark disparities exist in access to health services. The hybrid effectiveness-implementation design will allow rigorous examination of barriers and facilitators to delivery of the intervention package (including supplemental components) which will provide important information on factors influencing intervention effectiveness and the scalability of intervention components in Early Learning Centers and other child-serving settings.Registration.ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05873569.

Effect of peer education on improving parental knowledge about nutrition in children

The knowledge about nutrition in children is essential for parents, who play a significant role in ensuring proper growth and development. Many parents lack awareness about proper maintenance of nutrition for children. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of peer education on parental knowledge about the nutritional status of children.A pre-experimental method was used and respondents comprised 20 parents of students from elementary school in Palembang City. Data was collected using a questionnaire before and after the intervention.The result showed that there was an increase in parental knowledge with a p-value =0,001 according to the Wilcoxon test. The mean values before and after intervention were 16.8 and 21.8, respectively. Intervention through peer education improved parental knowledge about achieving balanced nutrition in children. Parents were also empowered to share information with others regarding the knowledge obtained through trusted sources. This information entailed nutritional status, appropriate nutrient uptake, and optimized physical activity for children.The integration of peer education resulted in a substantial increase in the average level of parental knowledge after the intervention.

Micronutrient intake inadequacies in Northwest Ethiopian children aged 6–23 months

The early stages of childhood are a crucial period of life for health, with inadequate nutrition impacting physical growth, cognitive development, and the immune system. A considerable proportion of children are affected by micronutrient intake inadequacy and deficiency across the globe. Evidence on micronutrient intake among children aged 6–23 months is limited in Northwest Ethiopia, where there is a divergence between production and dietary consumption practices compared to other regions of the country. This study aimed to determine micronutrient inadequacy and associated factors among children aged 6–23 months. From February 1 to February 18, 2023, 435 children aged 6–23 months participated in a community-based cross-sectional study in the North Mecha District of the Amhara Region, Northwest Ethiopia. The study participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. A multiphasic interactive 24-h dietary recall was used to collect dietary intake data via an interviewer-administered questionnaire. The interviews were conducted with the mothers of the selected children. Nutrient values for the selected 12 micronutrients were calculated using the NutriSurvey 2007 software and food composition tables from Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya. SPSS version 25 was used for the remaining parts of the analysis. The Nutrient Adequacy Ratio and Mean Adequacy Ratio were calculated to evaluate the nutrient intakes. To identify the factors associated with overall micronutrient intake inadequacy, a binary logistic regression analysis was performed, with statistical significance determined at a p-value < 0.05. The overall prevalence of micronutrient intake inadequacy was 64.7% (95% CI 59.9, 69.2). The odds of inadequacy of micronutrient intake were 2.8 times higher among children aged 6–8 months than children aged 9–23 months (AOR = 2.80, 95% CI 1.71, 4.59). Children with paternal education unable to read and write and primary school incomplete were 3.1 (AOR = 3.12, 95% CI 1.26, 7.70) and 2.4 (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI 1.01, 5.73) times more likely to have micronutrient intake inadequacy, respectively, compared to children with paternal education of primary school completed and above. The likelihood of micronutrient intake inadequacy was 1.8 times higher among children from mothers who had an unfavorable nutrition-related attitude than those from mothers who had a favorable attitude (AOR = 1.76, 95% CI 1.02, 3.05). Inadequate intake of micronutrients was shown to be highly prevalent among children aged 6–23 months. Child age, paternal education, and maternal nutrition-related attitude were significantly associated with micronutrient intake inadequacy. Integrating community-guided nutrition interventions targeting nutrition-related knowledge and attitudes of parents is critical in addressing the inadequate micronutrient intake of children in the study community, where production is not a major problem.

Evaluating Parental Knowledge and Behaviors Regarding Developmental Toxicants in Jazan, Saudi Arabia Using the Prevention of Toxic Chemicals in the Environment for Children Tool (PRoTECT).

This study evaluated the level of knowledge among parents in Jazan, Saudi Arabia, regarding substances that can harm child development. The Prevention of Toxic Chemicals in the Environment for Children Tool (PRoTECT) was used for this assessment. A cross-sectional survey using a multi-stage cluster random sampling approach was undertaken among 424 parents who were enlisted from eight primary healthcare centers (PHCCs). The PRoTECT score's median value was 72 out of 90, suggesting a generally high level of awareness. The study found that individuals with higher education, particularly those with postgraduate degrees, had greater awareness of protecting their children's health. Interestingly, unemployed individuals and those residing in mountainous areas also demonstrated higher awareness, possibly due to having more time to focus on their children's health and well-being. Most participants (68.2%) acknowledged the correlation between exposure to toxic chemicals during pregnancy and early childhood, and the subsequent development of neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found a solid foundation of knowledge, with 85.1% of participants interested in learning more about reducing children's exposure, but it also stressed the need for specific actions to turn awareness into prevention. These findings would help policymakers develop effective strategies, such as targeted educational campaigns, collaboration with healthcare providers, utilization of media channels, and encouragement of community-led initiatives, to reduce children's exposure to developmental toxicants in line with national and global environmental health initiatives. Future research should focus on longitudinal consciousness and behavior evaluations and regional environmental contaminants.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Violence Against Children

During the COVID-19 pandemic, it was known that number violence to child in Indonesia more increase. Study this is study References with objective for study reason happening violence against children During the COVID-19 pandemic and effort in prevention. Factor common causes of hard cake on children during the COVID-19 pandemic is a problem economy as a result of activity restrictions during pandemic, the relationship between children and parents who are not balanced, and low parental knowledge related with parenting patterns. Impact period short of perceived violence children is to affect the child 's physical, while the impact long-term related to the psyche of the victim. In overcoming, The problem of violence against children during the COVID-19 pandemic must be carried out in a social environment with various preventive measures. On In this research, the author suggests there needs to be awareness, that acts of violence against children are extraordinary crimes that can interfere with the growth and development of children.

Improving parenting and healthy nutrition for stunted toddler mothers through community service programs

Stunting is a significant public health problem, especially among toddlers, caused by chronic malnutrition and suboptimal parenting. This community service program aims to overcome these problems by providing relevant education and interventions to mothers of toddlers who experience stunting. This program aims to improve the knowledge and skills of mothers under five in terms of parenting and healthy nutrition, as well as encourage behavioral changes that support optimal child growth and development. This program is carried out through a series of educational activities, including training on balanced nutrition, how to serve nutritious food, and parenting techniques that support children's health. In addition, this activity also involves direct counseling and the provision of educational materials that are easy to understand by mothers of toddlers. The evaluation was carried out to measure the improvement of parenting knowledge, skills, and practices and their impact on the nutritional status of children. Early results showed a significant increase in maternal knowledge about the importance of balanced nutrition and healthy parenting. Practical skills in the presentation of nutritious food have also improved. Further evaluation showed that there was an improvement in the nutritional status of toddlers and a decrease in the prevalence of stunting in the target community. This community service program has succeeded in improving parenting and healthy nutrition knowledge for mothers of stunted toddlers. This intervention is expected to be a model for similar programs in other regions and make a positive contribution to reducing stunting rates more broadly

Boardgame Sebagai Media Edukasi Bagi Orang Tua Terhadap Perkembangan Motorik Anak Penyandang Autisme di Kota Palembang

Autism is a developmental disorder that affects communication, social interaction, behavior and learning ability. Autism is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Autism symptoms generally begin to appear at the age of 1.5 to 3 years, with obvious physical and mental decline compared to individuals who do not have autism. In this case, the main problem is parental guidance which is very influential, such as the lack of knowledge or understanding of parents about how to improve the development or ability of their children. This has a very bad impact, because it only makes autistic children feel not understood and accepted as they are. To overcome the problems in the developmental disorders of autistic children, a solution was found, namely the therapy given to each child with autism will indeed be more effective if it involves the active role of parents. Therefore, it is necessary to design a Visual Communication Social Campaign on the Role of Parents towards the Motoric Development of Children with Autism in Palembang City. In the process of designing media, the design thinking method is used which includes empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. With this design, it is expected to be an educational platform, especially the role of parents that can improve the motoric development of children with autism in Palembang City.

Knowledge and Perceptions on Child Sexual Abuse: A Comparative Study Between Children and Parents in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania

Owing to the increasing violence against children's rights, particularly in the cases of child sexual abuse (CSA), this study aimed at assessing the knowledge and perception of children and parents in Morogoro municipality. The Urie Bronfenbrenner Ecological system theory was used to guide the study. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to one hundred eighty-eight (188) research subjects, through face-to-face interviews. The findings from this study indicate that 114 (74.5%) of the 153 children interviewed had heard about CSA compared to 32 (91.4%) of the 35 parents who had heard about CSA. The knowledge about CSA, was significantly higher among parents compared to children (p=0.0302). The interviewed children reported having known CSA through hearing at school (36.6%), hearing from neighbours (24.8) and experiencing cases of CSA at home (13.1%). Further, parents noted that radio and Television were dependable source of information on CSA. On the other hand, children reported to rely mainly on information received at schools and sometimes from neighbours. It was further observed that mothers played more significant role of passing knowledge to their children about CSA than fathers, the observation which was also statistically significant (p=0.0101). Most parents considered forced sexual intercourse (97.1%) with perpetrators and anal penetration (82.9%) to be the most evidence of CSA in children. The study has found that parents believe more in teachers and community members to play a key role in ending CSA than themselves. It is therefore recommended to conduct more in-depth analysis to identify key factors contributing to the prevalence of CSA in Morogoro municipality which would help to devise appropriate and effective intervention strategies to end CSA

Parental Knowledge, Attitudes, and Utilization of Preventive Dentistry Modalities in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Parents play a vital role in modeling good oral hygiene practices for their children; thus, their attitude, knowledge, and awareness toward preventive dentistry can be one of the major factors contributing to children's oral health. Objectives The objective of this study is to determine the parental knowledge and attitudes toward the modalities of preventive dentistry for their children in Al Qassim, Saudi Arabia. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was carried out using an online self-administered questionnaire designed for parents living in the Al Qassim region. The questionnaire included demographic data, parent knowledge and attitude toward preventive dentistry, and awareness of preventive dentistry procedures. The data collected were analyzed using RStudio. Results Data were collected from 392 Saudi parents (male: n = 190 (48.5%), female: n = 202 (51.5%)). The majority of participants (n = 336, 85.7%) considered the importance of primary teeth for general body health, while 320 participants (81.6%) believed that primary dentition influences permanent teeth. Awareness regarding special preventive measures like using toothpaste with fluorides comprised 87.5% (n = 343), and that of the benefits of early dental visits was 77.3% (n = 303). However, there was marked unawareness and use of preventive procedures such as serial extraction (n = 226, 57.7% of respondents unaware) and silver diamine fluoride (n = 276, 70.4% unaware). The higher levels of education and income were positively related to better knowledge and attitudes about preventive dentistry. Conclusions The current paper highlights the importance of educational interventions for enhancing parental knowledge and awareness about preventive dentistry. Community-based educational programs and increased availability of preventive dentistry services might be helpful in eliminating the knowledge gap among parents about good oral health practice.

Assessment of Knowledge and Attitudes of Parents Regarding Neonatal Jaundice in Abia State Children's Specialist Hospital, Umuahia, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background Neonatal jaundice, characterized by the yellow discoloration of an infant's skin and eyes, is a common condition that affectsnewborns. It results from an elevated level of bilirubin in the blood and,when severe, if left untreated, can lead to complications such as acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus, which can cause permanent neurological damage or even death. In low-resource settings like Nigeria, delayed recognition and inadequate management of neonatal jaundice are significant contributors to neonatal morbidity and mortality. Parental knowledge and attitudes play a critical role in the early identification and timely intervention of neonatal jaundice. However, there is limited data on the awareness, understanding, and practices of parents regarding this condition in many regions, including Abia State, Nigeria. Aim This study sought to assess the knowledge and attitudes of parents at Abia State Children's Specialist Hospital, Umuahia, Nigeria, to inform strategies for improving early detection and management of neonatal jaundice. Research methodology This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Abia State Children's Specialist Hospital. The study population included 385 parents (fathers and mothers) of neonates attending the pediatric and neonatal units. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select participants. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25, (Released 2017; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results The study revealed that 226 (58.70%) of parents had heard about neonatal jaundice, with the main perceived cause being an immature liver (148, 38.44%). While 216 (56.10%) of the parents recognized neonatal jaundice as a serious condition when severe, only 72 (18.70%) were very confident in identifying its signs. Most parents (369, 95.84%) would seek medical help if they suspected jaundice in their baby, yet 288 (74.81%) believed in the effectiveness of traditional remedies. Educational level and gender were significantly associated with knowledge about neonatal jaundice (p = 0.002 and p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusion The findings highlight a moderate level of awareness but varying confidence in identifying neonatal jaundice among parents. The reliance on traditional remedies suggests a need for enhanced health education to improve knowledge of and attitudes toward neonatal jaundice management.

Children's toothbrushing: a population survey on behaviours, attitudes, and knowledge in parents of Callao, Peru.

To determine the factors associated with behaviours, attitudes and knowledge of parents about children's toothbrushing (CTB). This is a cross-sectional analytical study of a calculated sample of 3,534 parents/guardians (92.6% female; 7.4% male; average age = 34 years [29-37]) of schoolchildren aged 3 to 8 years in 19 public schools in the province of Callao (Peru). A 31-item face-to-face/virtual questionnaire was divided into: 5 behavioural (18 (IQR)=3]; good 76%), 5 attitudes (13 [IQR=4]; negative 74.2%) and 10 knowledge (12 [IQR=4]; low 92.8%) (KMO≥0.537, Bartlett<0,001) and reliability (ω≥0.537) and 11 demographic domains. Bivariate and multivariate linear Poisson models were used with a P<0.05. Children of parents with a higher education showed good behaviours related to CTB. Negative parental attitudes and low knowledge about CTB were associated with a lower parental education and toothbrushing frequency.

Parental Knowledge and Practice in Nursing Student

Parental Knowledge and Practice in Nursing Student

A study of parental knowledge and intended behaviour regarding introduction of juices and sugar-sweetened beverages in early childhood.

Parents and families have a role to play in helping children develop healthy behaviours that will carry over into adulthood. The sugary drink and fruit juice consumption is significantly related to unhealthy weight gain in childhood. Hence, this study was planned to assess parental knowledge, attitudes, and practices about juice and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) among parents of children (2-24 months) and identify factors that contribute to their early introduction. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 children-parent dyads (2-24 months). A questionnaire regarding the knowledge and attitudes about initiating fruit juice and SSB among children was prepared with 6 statements that were validated for contents by two subject experts. Each of the questions was designed to be answered on a Five-point Likert-type scale. STATA 14.2 version was used to analyse data. Out of 400, 14 (26.9%) and 125 (68%) parents planned to introduce SSBs and juices respectively in the first year life of their child. None of the parents had an excellent knowledge score. There was no significant difference reported between parents with less than high school and those with high school/graduation educated in their intention to introduce juice and SSBs (P = 0.68) to their babies in the first year of life and about its knowledge (P = 0.82). Most parents with lower socio-economic status (58.6%) showed less likeliness to introduce juices and SSBs to their child's diet as reflected by a statistically significant (P = 0.01) knowledge score. There was a knowledge gap among parent's of children irrespective of their education level and socio-economic status.

Changing smiles and minds-a community-based trial on parental knowledge impact on early childhood caries.

This study was carried out in New York City over a period of twelve months for each child. 1207 children from 977 families, with clinically diagnosed ECC, were recruited. Inclusion criteria included children that had at least one filled or decayed primary tooth surface and were aged between 2 years to 6 years. Exclusion criteria included children that may have conditions that would have prevented the provision of oral hygiene habits or moderation of diet, for example children with severe autism. Families were recruited from local specialist residency programmes within the city or by direct referral from local CHWs. Evaluation of the parental education was established through use of electronic surveys at baseline level and follow up following CHWs' intervention. The data was collected between 2015 and 2017 and required follow up appointments that were completed via telephone and other remote methods. Data collection separated caries risk factors into six domains with 26 factions across the pre- and post-intervention period. These addressed both parental knowledge of the aetiology of caries and factors that can contribute to this. Domains included titles such as saliva factors, hygiene, diet, severity/susceptibility, and outcome expectations. Parents were asked to note their agreement with the statements using a four-point scale (Strongly Agree, Agree, Disagree and Strongly Disagree). The survey was made up of statements including themes of caries risk factors, and behavioural science that can contribute to caries development. Examples include 'drinking juice can cause tooth decay' and 'all kids get tooth decay'. Correct answers would be given as part of the targeted advice and education given by the CHWs at subsequent visits. Data was collected from a total of 669 parents of 977 taking part in the study. Analysis focussed on the trend of changing knowledge of parents from baseline to follow up. The analysis also assessed features of the participants including the parents' first language, education level, country of birth, average age of the children and their insurance status - this was then assessed to see if this influenced the parents' beliefs and associations. Results found there was an improvement in the parental knowledge of salivary risks for caries, hygiene input and dietary effect post intervention. The only differing result was the statement that 'tooth decay is very common' - this showed a reduced change. The study concluded that the MySmileBuddy programme did improve parental education on Early Childhood Caries and factors influencing the risk of this, though acknowledges that there should be further exploration in the clinical impact that this education would have on the patients' caries status from the CHW input.

Knowledge Of Timing And Compliance With Routine Immunization Schedule Among Mothers Of Under Five Attending Immunization Clinic In A Tertiary Hospital, Sokoto State, Nigeria

Background: Immunization is the most efficacious and low-cost strategy to save the lives of children and prevent dangerous communicable diseases. In order to develop the highest level of protection against diseases, children should be fully vaccinated as per the schedule and at the right age. Complete vaccination to children is a successful way of reducing the infant mortality rate, and to make zero dropouts and achieve 100% vaccination, vaccines should be administered as per scheduled time. Aim: The aim of this study is assess the knowledge of timing and compliance with routine immunization schedule among mothers of under five children attending immunization clinic in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto state, Nigeria Materials and Methods: This is a descriptive study conducted among 280 mothers of under five children attending immunization clinic in a tertiary hospital in Sokoto state in May and June, 2022. The respondents were selected by multistage sampling technique. A set of pretested, semi-structured interviewer- administered questionnaire was usedtocollect data on the research variables. Data were analyzed using IBM® SPSS version 25 statistical package. Results: The ages of the respondents ranged from 18 to 45 years with a mean age of 29.18 ± 8.16 years. Majority of the respondents 167 (59.5%) were aged 21-30 years. Most of the respondents were married 277 (99.0%) and larger proportion (58.1%) had tertiary education. The proportions of respondents with good knowledge of routineimmunization timing as the per schedule was (90.7%) and majority 235(83.9%) complied with timing according totheschedule. About two-third 175 (62.5%) of the respondents were fully vaccinated, some of the reasons mentioned by therespondents for not complying with timing were; waiting time, attitude of the health workers, husband disapproval andsickness of the child among others. Conclusion and Recommendations: Most of the respondents demonstrated good knowledge of routine immunization timing and majority compliedwith the timing according to the scheduled. About two-third of them were fully immunized, some of the reasons fornot complying with timing as per the schedule among the respondents were waiting time, attitude of the healthworkers, husband disapproval and sickness of the child among others. Improving the knowledge of parents about immunization was recommended by providing health education session consistently at every clinic day before the immunization session

Determinants of parents’ readiness for face-to-face learning among elementary school children during the new normal

Introduction: This study aimed to identify factors influencing the readiness of parents with elementary school-age children for face-to-face learning using the Health Promotion Model (HPM). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The study population consisted of parents of elementary school students in Surabaya. A purposive sampling method was used to select 395 respondents. The independent variables included motivation, parental knowledge, perceived benefits, perceptions of barriers, self-efficacy, interpersonal factors, situational factors, and commitment. The dependent variable was parental behavior in face-to-face learning readiness. Data were collected using a validated and reliable questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted using a logistic regression test, with a significance level of α ≤ 0.05. Results: Most parents were 37 years old, and children in the 5th grade of elementary school. Most of the parents' motivation was in the sufficient category (57%). The parents’ knowledge of COVID-19 was good (66.8%). Most parents had a good perception of benefits (68.4%), and the perception of barriers was sufficient (59.7%). Good self-efficacy was observed in only 49% of cases, and interpersonal and situational factors accounted for 99.7% and 100%, respectively. Meanwhile, regarding parental readiness for face-to-face learning, the majority exhibited good behavior (96.2%). The factors that influenced parental behavior in face-to-face learning readiness were parental knowledge (0.010), perceived benefits (0.019), and commitment (0.029). Conclusions: Good knowledge, perceived benefits, and parental commitment are factors that influence parents' readiness to participate in face-to-face learning. Keywords: COVID-19, face-to-face learning, good health and well-being, Health promotion model (HPM), parents

THE INTERACTION OF FAMILY AND SCHOOL IN THE PROCESS OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

The article highlights and discusses the successes achieved in the process of establishing inclusive education, the ways to overcome the obstacles, the importance of the role of the parent in the process of inclusive education of children with SEN, issues related to the implementation of family and school interaction, options for different forms and methods of school work with parents. The attitude of parents towards inclusive education has been studied, a conclusion is drawn about the insufficient development of professional abilities and skills of teachers and the low level of psychological and pedagogical knowledge and skills of parents. Attention is drawn to the development of the educational abilities of the family, the implementation of the process of acquiring pedagogical knowledge of parents, the need for targeted support to parents by specialists of educational institutions. Effective ways of organizing pedagogical cooperation between school and family and new opportunities for organizing inclusive education have been revealed, strengthening pedagogical cooperation between school and family.

Indonesian Mothers' Experience of Their Daughter's HPV Vaccination, and Factors Associated with Their Willingness to Recommend HPV Vaccination for Girls.

In Indonesia, knowledge of parents' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination in school settings is limited. As Indonesia seeks to scale up its HPV vaccination program nationwide, parents' perspectives hold important insights into how elements of the vaccination model can be sustained and improved. This study explored mothers' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination experiences, their knowledge of HPV risks and prevention, and factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 143 mothers of schoolgirls who had received HPV vaccination at schools in Yogyakarta and Jakarta. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination. Chi-square and independent t-tests were performed to assess relationships between variables. One-way ANOVA was used to test mean differences in knowledge scores among mothers with different education levels. Many respondents (62.4%) received key health information before their daughters' HPV vaccination. Mothers' average knowledge score was 6.07/10 (SD 2.35). Receiving satisfactory information was significantly associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls to others. A significant association was found between mothers' willingness to recommend HPV vaccination and having ever participated in cervical cancer screening themselves. Providing consistent health information that addresses the knowledge gaps and affirms the benefits and safety of HPV vaccines can improve the likelihood of mothers recommending HPV vaccination to others. The benefit of a synchronized approach to promoting primary and secondary prevention was supported by the findings.

Multistakeholder Perspectives on the Determinants of Family Fundamental Movement Skills Practice: A Qualitative Systematic Review.

Childhood obesity is a significant public health crisis that is exposing children to associated morbidities and premature mortality. However, parents can positively influence physical activity trajectories and improve health outcomes by nurturing fundamental movement skills (FMS) in children. This is the first study to explore the determinants of family FMS practice via a systematic synthesis of qualitative evidence. Keyword searches were completed in SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. Studies that offered perspectives relating to influences on the FMS of 2-6-year-old children in the family context via qualitative approaches, including visual methodologies that provided an important voice to children, were included. A thematic analysis was used to establish key themes. The emergent themes included parent knowledge and beliefs, self-efficacy of parents to teach, and the home environment. Parents often undervalued FMS and lacked the self-efficacy to teach due to poor understanding, conflicting priorities, and multifaceted societal influences. Children preferred autonomous play and socialisation but were negatively influenced by technology and restrictive household rules. Greater knowledge exchange between stakeholders is necessary to empower parents and enhance FMS application at home. More community initiatives could facilitate greater access to outdoor spaces, facilities, and equipment, which may improve family engagement with FMS.