Knowledge Of Medicinal Plants Research Articles

PELESTARIAN DAN PENGOLAHAN TANAMAN OBAT UNTUK MENUNJANG PENGEMBANGAN WELLNESS TOURISM DI DESA WISATA KENDERAN, GIANYAR

The global economy has been slowed by the COVID-19 pandemic. Bali's economy has experienced a 12% decline, because of to the reliance of the Balinese people on the tourism sector, one of which is the tourist village of Kenderan in the Gianyar district. Innovative solutions are required to overcome these conditions. Kenderan Village's natural environment has the potential to develop traditional Balinese ingredients made from medicinal plants. However, because the people of Kenderan Village lack the necessary knowledge, it is necessary to assist academics who are experts in their fields. From this background, the following can be formulated: 1) The importance of developing Wellness Tourism products in Kenderan Village; 2) Procedures for developing and processing Wellness Tourism. PKM in Kenderan Village aims to provide knowledge, assistance, development, and processing of medicinal plants into Wellness Tourism products with superior innovation and competitiveness on a local and international scale. Furthermore, this product can be used as an icon for Kenderan Village's Wellness Tourism product. The method used is village potential observation, education on land management procedures, education on the types of plants to be planted, and organic fertilizing and caring for medicinal plants. There will also be workshops on how to turn medicinal plants into Wellness Tourism products.

New evidence regarding the role of previous disease experiences on people’s knowledge and learning of medicinal plants and biomedical drugs

Background: What factors influence the knowledge and learning of medicinal plants and biomedical drugs? We investigated this question in a context of intermedicality, exploring previous experiences and the duration of diseases at the individual, family, and community levels. Methods: We conducted our study in a rural community in Northeast Brazil. We use individual semi-structured interviews to gather information on people’s knowledge and learning of medicinal plants and biomedical medications, as well as their prior experiences perceived with diseases at different levels (individual, family, community) and their duration perceived. Results: The knowledge of medicinal plants can be explained mainly by the previous experience of the disease in the community and the family. For medicinal plant learning in one year, only the previous experience in the community is relevant, but it had a negative influence. Regarding the knowledge of biomedical drugs, we observed positive influence of previous experiences in the family and community and negative influence of the diseases’ duration. Finally, none of the predictor variables explained the learning of knowledge of drugs of biomedical origin. Conclusions: The present study suggests important mechanisms that regulate the knowledge and learning of new treatments (medicinal plants and medicines of biomedical origin) in medical systems. Keywords: Evolutionary Ethnobiology, previous experience, risk perception, local medical systems, biomedical system.

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Kigwema village of Kohima district, Nagaland (India)

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used by Kigwema village of Kohima district, Nagaland (India)

Identification of medicinal plants used for chronic kidney disease: An update of reported literature in South Africa

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating condition that is becoming more common around the world, as well as a financial and social burden on healthcare systems. If not treated with kidney replacement therapies, kidney failure, the final stage of CKD, can be fatal. Chronic kidney disease patients are now seeking the use of alternative remedies, including medicinal plants, as the primary source of healthcare.Aim: This review aimed to evaluate the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of CKD and other associated kidney diseases in South Africa.Method: This article summarises previous research (2010–2021) on the impact of traditional plant-based medicine in CKD treatment and identifies the context between traditional and conventional medicines. Various scientific databases were used to source key literature.Results: The findings of this study revealed 10 medicinal plant species from nine different botanical families that are commonly used for the treatment of CKD and other kidney-related diseases in South Africa. In addition, the study demonstrated that despite medicinal plants having toxic impacts, they were still the preferred choice of medication for CKD, especially in developing countries.Conclusion: It is crucial to validate the balance between the risks and benefits of medicinal plants in CKD treatment to further enhance the credibility of medical plants in drug development.Contribution: This study contributes to the existing knowledge of medicinal plants used in CKD treatment primarily in South Africa.

Ethnomedicinal Study of Plants to Cure Skin Diseases in Mukundara Hills National Park, Kota, Rajasthan

Ethnobotanical surveys were done in the Mukundara hills national park of Kota during the year 2021 to 2022. Local communities of the study area use native plants for the treatment of various types of diseases. During the surveys, it was found that local people of the study area are very alert to skin related problems and they have important knowledge of medicinal plants to cure skin diseases. They use local plants very often for the treatment of skin diseases. In this paper, 28 ethnomedicinal plants from 21 families are described for the treatment of skin diseases by local communities of the study area. This study aims to describe the uses of plants for treating skin diseases by traditional communities and draw scientific attention to the detailed study on medicinal plants of the study area. This study includes Information on plant parts, mode of administration, and drug preparation for treating skin diseases.

Ethnobotanical documentation of Harike Wildlife Sanctuary (Ramsar Site), Punjab, India: A case study

Background: Harike Wildlife Sanctuary (HWS) is a natural bank of medicinal plants and native flora; therefore regular monitoring is required to maintain such diversity. The objective of the present study is to document the medicinal plants used by local people settled around HWS besides to develop a systematic record of traditionally used medicinal plants. Methods: The data was collected with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire following the snowball sampling method. People with some knowledge of medicinal plants were targeted for gathering information. To confirm the plant availability and identification, various field surveys were conducted along with informants across the habitat types within Harike Wildlife Sanctuary. Besides the harvest time of different wild plants mentioned by informants and the database is prepared for useful medicinal plants. Results: A total of 85 species from 79 genera and 51 families were mentioned by informants for the treatment of 40 types of health ailments. Leaves (25% species) are the most used plant part and decoction (19 species) is the most used method for the preparation of the drug, while the most frequent administration of the drug is oral (85% species). The ethnobotanical indices like Use Value, Relative Importance and Fidelity Level (FL) of each species have been derived from the primary dataset. Conclusion: Even though the study area also has access to contemporary healthcare services, the study found that numerous species are utilized to treat a wide range of medical conditions. By creating an effective plan, the current study may help to preserve medicinal and aromatic plants. Keywords: Harike-wetland, Ethnobotany, Fidelity Level, Medicinal plants, Use Value, Punjab

Medicinal plants and their use by an ethnic minority Jirel in Dolakha district, Central Nepal

Background: Plants are important source of traditional medicine and are used widely in the primary healthcare of indigenous peoples and local communities. Despite a considerable number of ethnobotanical studies in Nepal, there are still several regions to be explored and scientifically document the traditional uses of medicinal plants. This study was conducted in one of such areas in the Dolakha district of central Nepal with the indigenous Jirel community. Methods: Ethnobotanical information was collected using guided field walks, semi-structured interviews, and key informant interviews with traditional herbalists and elderly men and women of the Jirel community. The data were analyzed both qualitatively and quantitatively using use value (UV), informant consensus factor (FIC), and preference ranking. Results: This study recorded 111 medicinal plant species belonging to 103 genera that were used to treat 11 health disorders. Families such as Asteraceae, Lamiaceae, and Rosaceae have contributed a higher number of species of the total species recorded. Gastrointestinal disorders, skeleton-muscular disorders, fever, headache and cut and wounds were the common health problems among the Jirel people. Roots were mostly used for the preparation of remedies, followed by leaves and fruits. The informant consensus factor (FIC) ranges from 0.74 to 0.93 with an average of 0.87. Paris polyphylla, Cirsium verutum, and Astilbe rivularis have the highest use values of 0.98, 0.96 and 0.92 respectively. This research finds that traditional knowledge about the use of medicinal plants is more centered on Jirel herbal healers (Lama/Jhakris) and elderly people than youths. Similarly, knowledge transmission routes are mainly from parents to their eldest child. Over-harvesting, premature harvesting, and deforestation were found as major threats to medicinal plants. Furthermore, the abandonment of traditional herbal practices, the loss of traditional healers, and the youth’s unwillingness to traditional healing systems were threats to the ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants in the Jirel community. Conclusions: The diversity of medicinal plants in the area and the associated indigenous knowledge of use among Jirel people have contributed significantly to their healthcare system. The medicinal uses of the documented species provide the primary information for further ethnopharmacological studies and conservation of most useful species in the study area. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Traditional knowledge, Informant consensus factor, Knowledge transmission, Preference ranking, Use value

An Ethnobotanical Survey of Medicinal Plants Used for Primary Health Care from Patan Sher Khan and Surrounding Areas of District Sudhnoti, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Life on mountains is difficult and people depend on medicinal plants for primary health care. Many of mountain areas of Azad Kashmir are unexplored from taxonomic and ethnobotanical point of view. This study was conducted to document the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants of village Patan Sher Khan and allied areas of District Sudhnuti Azad Kashmir Pakistan. Field surveys were conducted during March 2020 to March 2021 for collection of medicinal plants knowledge following standard ethnobotanical methods. A total of 120 key informants were interviewed by using semi-structured questioners. The data were analyzed through ethnobotanical indices i.e., Relative frequency of citation (RFC), Use value (UV), Informant consensus factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL). A total of 37 medicinal plant species belonging to 32 genera and 25 families were recorded during the study. Dominant ethnomedicinal families were Fabaceae with 4 species followed by Moraceae and Rosaceae with 3 species each. Leaves were the most frequently used parts (36 %) and decoction was preferred medicinal preparation (19 use reports). Highest relative frequency of citation was recorded for Ficus palmata (0.15) followed by Melia azedarchta (0.14) and highest use value was found for Dodonaea viscosa (0.58). The most valuable plant species of the study area are Ficus carica with 8 use reports and 48 use citations, Bauhinia variegata with 7 use reports and 45 use citations. The maximum value of FL was recorded for Berberis lyceum (100 %) and Plantago lanceolate, (100%). Based on documented data the reported ailments were grouped into 9 categories, The ICF values ranges between 0. 33 (sexual) to 0.90 (teeth and urinary). Medicinal plant knowledge is still alive and large papulation of area still depend on medicinal plants for primary healthcare. But medicinal plant knowledge is declining especially among younger people. Hence, there is an urgent need to document such precious knowledge by continuous ethnobotanical studies.

Knowledge, Aptitudes and Practice on Traditional Medicinal Plant use in Bafanji Village (Ngoketunjia Division, North West Region, Cameroon)

Bafanji village harbors a plethora of plants used in the treatment of several ailments. Alarmingly, traditional knowledge is quickly declining due to inadequate documentation and limited cross-generational transfer of knowledge. In this study indigenous medicinal plans were documented for their use, management and the threats affecting them. The study was carried out in Bafanji village between August 2015 and March 2016. Semi-structured questionnaires, interviews and field trips were used for data collection. Sample specimens were collected and identified. This study revealed that 6.06% of the population relied solely on medicinal plants for their health care while 15.14% do not use medicinal plants directly and 78.8% rely on both modern and traditional medicine for the treatment of their ailments. 92 plant species belonging to 51 families and 83 genera were documented. Family Asteraceae was the most represented (14.1%). More than one plant species is used to treat various ailments with the highest number of species (19) for malaria. Among the medicinal plant species recorded from the study area, the majority (55.4%) which were mainly herbs (70.7%) were collected from the wild. The leaves were the most commonly used plant part (44.5%). The principal method of remedy preparation was reported to be decoction. Oral administration was the most preferred mode. Knowledge of the use of plants as medicines was found to be confined to traditional healers and older folk. Documenting the eroding indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants and spurring youths to acquire traditional medicinal knowledge is recommended.

Antileishmanial Activity and In Silico Molecular Docking Studies of Malachra alceifolia Jacq. Fractions against Leishmania mexicana Amastigotes

Malachra alceifolia Jacq. (family Malvaceae), known as "malva," is a medicinal plant used as a traditional therapy in many regions of America, Africa and Asia. Traditionally, this plant is used in the form of extracts, powder and paste by populations for treating fever, stomachache, inflammation, and parasites. However, the ethnopharmacological validation of M. alceifolia has been scarcely researched. This study showed that the chloroform fraction (MA-IC) and subfraction (MA-24F) of the leaves of M. alceifolia exhibited a potential antileishmanial activity against axenic amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana pifanoi (MHOM/VE/60/Ltrod) and had high and moderate cytotoxic effects on the viability and morphology of macrophages RAW 264.7. This study reports, for the first time, possible terpenoid metabolites and derivatives present in M. alceifolia with activity against some biosynthetic pathways in L. mexicana amastigotes. The compounds from the subfractions MA-24F were highly active and were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and by a molecular docking study in L. mexicana target protein. This study demonstrates the potential modes of interaction and the theoretical affinity energy of the metabolites episwertenol, α-amyrin and methyl commate A, which are present in the active fraction MA-24F, at allosteric sites of the pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, triose phosphate isomerase, aldolase, phosphoglucose isomerase, transketolase, arginase and cysteine peptidases A, target proteins in some vital biosynthetic pathways were responsible for the survival of L. mexicana. Some phytoconstituents of M. alceifolia can be used for the search for potential new drugs and molecular targets for treating leishmaniases and infectious diseases. Furthermore, contributions to research and the validation and conservation of traditional knowledge of medicinal plants are needed globally.

Ethnomedicinal Plants Diversity in R. V. Nagar Forest Range, Alluri Sita Rama Raju District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The present investigation the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants that are in use in R.V. Nagar Forest range in Alluri Sitarama Raju district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Ethnomedicinal uses of 165 plant species along with botanical name, family, habit, parts and diseases are presented. They belong to 137 genera and 74 families. These plants used to cure 59 types of ailments. Most remedies were taken orally, accounting for 78% of medicinal use. Most of the remedies were reported to have been from herbs and tree species.

Qualitative and Quantitative Ethnobotanical Analysis of the Knowledge of Indigenous Populations on Medicinal Plants in the Meknes Region of Morocco

Plants constitute a major resource used for subsistence by people. Ethnobotany plays an important role in preserving plant diversity and in understanding and interpreting the knowledge that allows plants to be used effectively and sustainably to meet people's needs. Indeed, medicinal plants are a therapeutic resource that is frequently mobilized by populations for the treatment of various diseases in physiotherapy. In this study, based on 394 questionnaire forms, a series of ethnobotanical surveys were conducted in 2018. The surveys focused on the main medicinal plants used and their uses in traditional herbal medicine. Quantitative ethnobotanical indices were used to assess the importance of plants in traditional medicine and the relationships between populations and the natural systems that surround and support them. The analysis of the results allowed the inventory of 84 species and 44 families, the most represented in the region being the Lamiaceae, Asteraceae and Apiaceae. The species shown to be most used by the local population were: Origanum compactum, Dysphania ambrosioides and Lavandula angustifolia. In particular, the local population was found to make use of the plants to treat dermatological, metabolic, respiratory, rheumatological, urological, cardiovascular, nervous system, nephrological and ENT diseases. Moreover, plant foliage was the most used part and the majority of the remedies are prepared as infusion and decoction. This study reveals that the population of the prefecture of Meknes has a thorough knowledge of medicinal plants and uses them traditionally for the treatment of a variety of diseases.

Edukasi Penggunaan Obat Tradisional Pada Terapi Penyakit Degeneratif di Kelurahan Magersari Magelang

Based on Riskesdas 2018, there are still many Indonesians who use traditional medicine. Organizations such as PKK (Family Welfare Development), can play a role and be more effective in socializing knowledge and utilization of medicinal plants. We use a method where participants take an active role in the activity so that the objectives of the activity will be easier to obtain. The activity was carried out in several stages, namely counseling and training on the use of medicinal plants. The training on the use of medicinal plants is in the form of training on the use of medicinal plants, namely a combination of Trigonella, Cinnamon, Green Tea and Salam Leaf which has the property of lowering blood glucose levels. From this activity, participants gain knowledge and skills about various types of medicinal plants and how to use medicinal plants and their processing

Ethnomedicinal survey of Bhalessa, Jammu and Kashmir, a remote region of Western Himalaya

Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe traditional knowledge about ethnomedicinal plants has a significant impact on human healthcare. However, across the globe especially in remote areas, this treasure-trove of traditional knowledge is being rapidly lost. Therefore, it is important to scientifically document and validate the folklore claims about medicinal plants, which will contribute to their bioprospection and sustainable use. Aims of the studyThe study was conducted to elucidate the traditional knowledge and practices about the usage of medicinal plants by the tribal population inhabiting Bhalessa, a remote area in district Doda, Jammu, and Kashmir, Western Himalaya. Material and methodsWe collected ethnomedicinal data through focused interviews of the local population in the study area by employing in situ and ex-situ survey methods. The collected data was subjected to statistical tools of informant consensus factor (ICF), use reports and comparison with previous studies. ResultsWe report a total of 80 medicinal plant species traditionally used against 17 disease categories in the area. The most frequently used plant parts were roots and leaves and the route of administration of the medicines was largely oral in the powdered form. The ICF values were indicative of a higher agreement among the users about the usage of plants in the treatment of disease categoriesmusculoskeletal and connective tissue, genitourinary and gastrointestinal disease categories. Based on the number of use report and number of taxa utilized, the most prevalent disease in the study area were joint pain and fever. ConclusionNovel information has been generated as the elderly people of Bhalessa possess precious knowledge of medicinal plants. These novel folklore claims about the various therapeutic values of medicinal plants require scientifically sound validation. Therefore, we call for focused phytochemical research and proper pharmacological validations of the reported medicinal uses in the study area, particularly of the Himalayan endemic species such as Aconitum lethale, Arisaema jacquemontii, and Saussurea costus.

Medicinal Plants Used by the Traditional Healers of Thimmarajapuram Village, Tirunelveli District, Tamil Nadu, India

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to document the indigenous/traditional knowledge of medicinal flora utilized by the traditional healers of Thimmarajapuram village, Tirunelveli district to establish the relative importance, consensus and scope of all medicinal flora used. Materials and Methods: Indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants was executed through a questionnaire with traditional healers who are custodians of the knowledge about herbal medicine. Local floras of the state had been systematically followed to identify the plants. Results: A total of 45 medicinal plant species from 27 families were documented. The leaves were the most commonly used plant part, and herbal remedies were mostly prepared in the form of a juice or paste. Gastrointestinal problems (GIA) are the most common diseases reported by traditional healers in the study area. Conclusion: This documented report indicated that indigenous medicinal plants are a good source of plant-based safe drugs. Moreover, additional pharmacological tests are required to establish the efficacy and potency of the plants as medicine.

The Roots of Neorautanenia mitis (A. Rich) Verdcourt: Further Evidence of Its Antidiarrhoeal Activity.

Despite the current management options and therapeutics used in the treatment of diarrhoea, in Africa and Asia, diarrhoea remains a major concern, especially in children under the age of 5 years. Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used in the management of diarrhoea symptoms can be explored for their efficacy. In Nigeria, the TMPs (Traditional Medicine Practitioners) have, over the years, employed medicinal plants in the management of diarrhoea symptoms. In our current and previous studies, we aimed at validating the effectiveness of Neorautanenia mitis in the management of diarrhoea as claimed by the TMPs. Out of the 20 compounds isolated from N. mitis, the compounds neodulin, pachyrrhizine, neotenone and dolineone were the most abundant, and in this study, neodulin showed a pronounced relaxation of the rhythmic contraction of the isolated rabbit jejunum in an organ bath in a concentration-dependent manner, with a complete relaxation at 60 µg/mL. Neotenone and dolineone showed a dose-dependent inhibition of defecation of 65.07%, and 50.01%, respectively, at 20 mg/kg in a castor-oil-induced diarrhoea model. This is a strong indication that compounds from N. mitis possess antidiarrhoeal properties, thereby giving credence to its traditional usage in diarrhoea therapy, and therefore validating its antidiarrhoeal activity and its being worthy of further investigation.

Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria

Abstract. Mukaila YO, Oladipo OT, Arogundade OO, Ajao AA-N. 2022. Traditional knowledge of medicinal plants used in Ile-Ife, Southwestern Nigeria. Asian J Ethnobiol 5: 71-83. The invaluable importance of traditional herbal medicine has necessitated systematic documentation of medicinal knowledge. This study documented medicinal plants used by the inhabitants of Ile-Ife. Ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 70 informants. The interview focused on the local names of the plants, medicinal uses, plant parts used, where the plants are sourced, and methods of preparation. The data collected were analyzed and compared with previous studies using quantitative indices. The conservation statuses of the recorded plants were retrieved from IUCN online database. Eighty-seven (87) medicinal plants from 43 families were implicated to be used in Ile-Ife from our survey. Euphorbiaceae was the most implicated family with eight species; herbs (36%) were the dominant plant habit, and the leaf (46%) was the most frequently used plant part. The informants preferred decoction (37%) as the method of preparation. Over 50% of the plants were collected from the wild. The conservation status of the 26 implicated plants in this study has been accessed, 17 plants fall under the least concern (LC) category, while five species are vulnerable (VU). The study highlights the need to intensify studies on the conservation of medicinal plants and also provides baseline data for future pharmacological and phytochemical studies while preserving the cultural medicinal practices of Ile-Ife.

Indigenous Knowledge and Use of Medicinal Plants Among the Kuria Communities in the Tarime and Serengeti Districts of Mara Region, Tanzania

ABSTRACT This study documented indigenous knowledge and use of medicinal plants among the Kuria communities in Mara Region, Tanzania. Ethnobotanical data were collected in collaboration with 20 traditional healers (THs), by jungle-walk-and-identify, field guides and observation, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions and scientific identification of plants. Kuria medicinal plant healers reported 100 medicinal plants from 34 families. Asteraceae (15%) prevailed, followed by Fabaceae (13%) and Lamiaceae (12%). Herbs constituted the largest fraction (41%), followed by shrubs (27%), trees (24%), grasses (4%), climbers (4%), and ferns (1%). Leaves were the most used plant part. Healers listed about 53 diseases treated with plants.

Ethnomedicinal plants used by the local communities of the Great Himalayan National Park, North-Western Himalaya, India

The Great Himalayan National Park Conservation Area (GHNPCA) is home to several endangered species of plants. The present ethno-medicinal study was carried out in 13 villages of the eco-zone of the GHNPCA and information was gathered through a semi-structured questionnaire survey and interviews of medicinal plant knowledge holders/traditional Vaidyas. A total of 152 medicinal plant species belonging to 62 families and 125 genera were recorded to be used by local inhabitants. List of plants along with uses and other details is provided in the table. The maximum number of plant species (63 spp.) are used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, followed by dermatological problems (59 spp.) and cold and cough (23 spp.). Public awareness/sensitization, education, in-situ & ex-situ conservation efforts and bioprospecting of medicinal plants for new drug development are urgently required for the conservation and sustainable management of medicinal plants resources of GHNPCA.

The Impacts of Traditional Ecological Knowledge towards Indigenous Peoples: A Systematic Literature Review

Indigenous peoples are groups with different cultural and social characteristics that share inherited ties to their homeland and natural resources. They have their own understanding and cultural experience that amounts to traditional ecological knowledge. The aim of this study is to identify the impacts of traditional ecological knowledge on indigenous people. Two main databases, namely Web of Science and Scopus, were used to conduct a systematic literature review. From the findings and analysis, two themes and eleven sub-themes were identified. The first theme is economic activities, including six sub-themes: sources of income, employment opportunities, offering products to vendors or buyers, providing market value, providing low treatment cost, and providing opportunities to develop micro-enterprises. The second theme is health, with five sub-themes: supporting food security, harvesting country food, food or plant benefits, perceived health or medicinal purposes, and livelihoods of the indigenous people. In conclusion, traditional knowledge can play an important role in contributing to the livelihoods of indigenous people. In general, traditional knowledge can help indigenous people to improve their quality of life, especially those who rely on natural resources to survive, by offering secure and supplemented food, for instance, as well as a source of earnings, crucial for food security during hard times. Additionally, traditional knowledge of wild edible and medicinal plants can play a significant role in a community’s capacity to remain resilient and be preserved for future generations.