Knowledge Of Legal Rights Research Articles

Contribution of Land Tenure Changes in Empowering Maasai Women Pastoralists in Resources Management: A Case Study of Elangatwuas Ward, Kajiado County, Kenya

This research explores the contribution of land tenure changes in empowering Maasai women pastoralists in resource management. The study focuses on understanding the benefits and challenges of land subdivision for Maasai women, examining changes in decision-making processes at the household and community levels, exploring shifts in gender roles and resource access, and assessing the overall empowerment of Maasai women through land tenure changes. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative data collection methods such as interviews and focus group discussions with quantitative surveys. The study findings reveal significant positive impacts of the land subdivision on Maasai women's empowerment. The benefits identified include reduced cases of husbands being polygamous, increased chances of women's involvement in business and employment, equal chances for male and female children to inherit and own family land, increased ability to undertake projects on the land, and the freedom for women to own their own livestock. These changes have provided women with increased decision-making power within households and communities, allowing them to participate in determining land use, livestock management, education for children, and building family houses. Despite the progress, challenges remain, including conflicts over land inheritance, limited knowledge of legal rights among illiterate girls, and smaller grazing areas for livestock. However, the research concludes that overall, land tenure changes have empowered Maasai women by enabling them to engage in business, acquire education, own livestock, and own land. The results highlight the importance of recognizing and strengthening women's rights in land and resource management to achieve gender equity and sustainable development in pastoralist communities. This research contributes to the understanding of the transformative potential of land tenure changes in empowering Maasai women pastoralists and informs strategies for promoting gender equity and sustainable resource management in similar contexts.

Knowledge of legal rights as a factor of refugee and asylum seekers’ health status: a qualitative study

ObjectivesTo examine health behaviours of refugees and asylum seekers, in relation to their knowledge of public benefits and legal rights.DesignQualitative study, utilising an open-ended, semi-structured interview guide to ensure information-rich...

Microfinance institutions and women's empowerment: empirical evidence in Tanzania

The study examines whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) empower Tanzanian women and identifies challenges that face women in gaining empowerment. Descriptive survey design involving 525 respondents was employed. Selection was done by simple random technique. Personal interview was used to collect data. Data were analysed using structural equation modelling and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that women participating in the MFIs were empowered in terms of control over income and savings, decision making, freedom to move to the markets or banks, purchase independently and knowledge of legal rights. The ability to purchase furniture independently and to move to the parents and siblings were insignificant. Market and business instability, high interest rate of the loans provided, bureaucracy in loan processing, family responsibility and shortage of capital were the challenges which impede women in gaining empowerment. Policies should be designed which have noteworthy of success which test program and product innovations that address women's difficulties.

Facilitating Worker Mobility: A Randomized Information Intervention among Migrant Workers in Singapore.

International migrant workers often face high job search costs and imperfect information on their legal rights to change employers. Such information constraints can undermine the economic benefits from international migration by tying migrant workers to their current employers, leading them to accept less favorable employment terms. We ran a randomized experiment on the impact of facilitating worker mobility via an information intervention among Filipino maids in Singapore. The treatment led to improvements in knowledge of legal rights related to changing jobs, as well as in job conditions (e.g., improved hours and other conditions of work). Treatment effects are concentrated among workers who initially had (prior to treatment) low knowledge of their legal rights, as well as those with poor initial job conditions. These workers with poor job conditions also became more likely to change employers in response to treatment. The results reveal the empirical relevance of imperfect information in the labor market for migrant workers, particularly information facilitating job-to-job transitions.

Invisible cornerstones. A hermeneutic study of the experience of care partners of older people with mental health problems in home care services.

To explore the lived experiences and support needs of the care partners of older people with mental health problems living at home with assistance from home care services. Care partners face significant challenges in their care role and they often feel unsupported. An understanding of their experiences may help improve home care to support their needs. An exploratory qualitative approach was used. The study is based on the SRQR and COREQ reporting guidelines. In-depth interviews were conducted with six Norwegian care partners from two municipalities. Data were collected during 2012-2013 and 2016. The data were analysed using Gadamer's hermeneutics. Three themes were identified: "invisible cornerstones," "dimensions of collaboration" and "unwanted roles." Few or no routines for collaboration exist between care partners and home care, and the care partners seem to have little knowledge of legal rights. They request more information, spare time and the opportunity to remain in their original family role. However, their main focus is for the patient to receive the necessary help from home care. Home care have restricted resources for meeting these needs and share a sense of powerlessness and lack of influence over their own everyday life with the care partners. There is a need for a systematic, person-centred approach to collaboration. A correlation is necessary between what is communicated at the system level and the means of realising this in practice for home care to meet care partners' needs.

Domestic Violence More Burdensome on Underserved Diverse Populations

Domestic Violence More Burdensome on Underserved Diverse Populations

Risk factors for violence against women by intimate partners in Sakarya, Turkey

ObjectivesIntimate partner violence (IPV) is an important public health problem in many countries including Turkey, with serious short- and long-term physical and mental health consequences, as well as significant social and public health costs. To understand the violence characteristics and the individual risk factors for both the married women victims and the perpetrator partners are the objectives of this study. Methodology243 married women, who have consulted to hospitals and village clinics between 2008 and 2009 with the mean age of 36.76 (SD = 11.59), accepted to participate in the study voluntarily. Participants were divided into two groups as “victimized” (58.8%, n = 143) and “non-victimized” (41.2%, n = 100) women. Victimized group consisted of women who have had any type of violence from their husbands during their life. A 61-item questionnaire was prepared that included items on demographics, IPV experience, attitudes about IPV and knowledge of legal rights. ResultsAs compared to non-victimized group, women in victimized group mostly lived in villages than in town/city centers, were illiterate, had bride-price agreement and were younger when married. Place of accommodation, age and number of pregnancies were associated with the risk of victimization. ConclusionsIn order to prevent IPV, further qualitative research is required to evaluate the involved risk factors and training programs on how to behave against violence in association with the legal rights should be designed for poorly educated women in their natural settings and hospitals.

Towards an Independent Future: Life Skills Training and Vulnerable Deaf Adults

This article presents results from a service evaluation of a life skills programme for Deaf adults that had been operating as a pilot for three years in Dublin until June 2013. The remit of the programme was to provide a short-term residential intervention service for Deaf adults who were perceived to be vulnerable and isolated from their community. Over the course of its three years in operation, the programme had seventeen Deaf participants. The literature on life skills and Deaf adults is sparse. Studies have tended to concentrate on barriers young people with disabilities face, and within that literature young Deaf people are rarely discussed (Stewart et al., 2013). However, there are particular barriers to the transition to independent living for this population. Acquisition of life skills can be compromised by a number of factors including: lower expectations during their school years, barriers to incidental learning opportunities, poor communication at home, learned helplessness, and poor literacy and numeracy skills. Furthermore, existing mainstream services providing life skills programmes to other adults with disabilities frequently do not have the skill-set to work with Deaf adults, nor do they have communication competency in Irish Sign Language that would facilitate their inclusion in these services. Given the increased move to mainstream services and the closure of congregated settings for adults with disabilities in the wake of the congregated settings report (Health Service Executive, 2011), there is a need now to examine the availability of appropriate services to facilitate the transition to independent living for vulnerable adults with disabilities. This article presents case study data from five participants based on interviews with participants, parents and staff. It also features quantitative results from a retrospective life skills inventory. Overall, gains were made across a range of life skill areas, in particular food management, housekeeping, emergency and safety, and transportation. However, gaps persist particularly in relation to health, sexual health, knowledge of legal rights, and knowledge of housing issues such as renting.

Improving Data Concerning Women's Empowerment in Sub‐Saharan Africa

This study assesses the utility of Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) questions regarding women's empowerment in the context of sub-Saharan Africa. We examine the use of, and need for improvements to, women's empowerment data in Ghana, Mozambique, Senegal, and Uganda. Drawing on interviews conducted among gender and health experts and on context-specific literature, our findings reveal that although DHS data are widely used, data needs remain in five areas: economic empowerment, knowledge of legal rights and recourse, participation in decisionmaking, attitudes and social norms, and adolescent girls. We recommend that Demographic and Health Surveys be modified-for example, through adding specific survey items-to fulfill some but not all of these emerging women's empowerment data needs. We also suggest that other surveys fill known gaps and that data users carefully consider the meaning and relative weight of the women's empowerment items according to the cultural context in which the data are collected.

Report on Irish Consumers' Awareness and Knowledge of Legal Rights

University College Cork (University College Cork, Law Department Strategic Research Fund 2012.)

Parental involvement in school activities in South Africa to the mutual benefit of the school and the community

This article reports on an investigation into parental involvement in school activities. The study employed the quantitative approach of data collection, using a questionnaire comprising a profile of respondents, which included their parental involvement in school activities, their satisfaction with the school, their knowledge of legal rights and responsibilities and their involvement with, and concern about, their children's education. The mothers of learners were found to be more involved in the school life of their children than were the fathers. The findings also show that parents are more comfortable with private, rather than with public, involvement. The parents showed much satisfaction with the significant improvement of their relations with the educators, with the former having come to perceive the latter as part of their community. The parents were found to be extremely knowledgeable about their rights and responsibilities.

HIV-Related Stigma, Discrimination, and Knowledge of Legal Rights among Infected Adults

Literature on HIV-related stigma suggests that high levels of stigma are associated with poor medical adherence, depression, and decreased self-esteem. More recent research has focused on the acts of HIV-related discrimination experienced by infected individuals. However, little literature has explored the connection between perceptions of HIV-related stigma, discrimination, and knowledge of legal rights. Thirty-seven HIV-positive adults were surveyed regarding their experiences with HIV-related stigma and discrimination. Participants' knowledge of legal rights concerning HIV-related discrimination was also assessed. Personalized stigma was significantly correlated with reports of discrimination. Thirty-three percent of participants reported they had lost a job, and 25% reported they had to move because of their HIV status. Overall, the majority of participants were relatively informed about the legal rights of HIV-infected individuals. However, 21% believed that a restaurant could refuse to serve a person with HIV. Further analyses revealed that those participants who had high knowledge of legal rights scored significantly lower on the disclosure concerns subscale of the stigma scale and total number of acts of discrimination. Findings indicate the need for education concerning legal rights and that HIV-related stigma and discrimination are still a concern for infected individuals.

Examining Adolescents’ and their Parents’ Conceptual and Practical Knowledge of Police Interrogation: A Family Dyad Approach

This study examines whether parents have the prerequisite knowledge about police interrogation that would allow them to compensate for youths’ knowledge deficits, protect their interests, and buffer against their vulnerability to coercion. A racially diverse urban/suburban convenience sample of 77 11- to 13-year-olds, 46 14- to 15-year-olds, and 47 16- to 17-year-olds and their parents completed a semi-structured interview on knowledge of legal rights and police practices. Results show that parents know more than younger adolescents about components of the Miranda warning and its behavioral implications but do not necessarily know more about police strategy or the parameters of parental protection. Age and socioeconomic status were associated with youths’ risk for poor knowledge. Among parents, IQ, race, and the child’s age predicted risk classification. Parent IQ, socioeconomic status, and youths’ justice experience, race, and age predicted whether families were classified as at risk for poor knowledge. The results question legal assumptions about parents’ capacity for protecting youths’ interests without intervention.