Knowledge Of Disease Prevention Research Articles

Qualitative study on health self-management of patients with metabolic syndrome among bereaved population after earthquake

The study explore the influencing factors and healthy self-management of MS patients with bereaved relatives after Wenchuan and Yushu Earthquake of their real life; explore difficulties and challenges in the process of self-management; and supply information that could not be sought in quantitative studies. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 36 MS patients who are bereavement population in two earthquakes, and those patients met the inclusion criteria for semi-structured focus group interview. The Nvivo11 software was used to collate and analyze the transcribed data. The main influencing factors of health self-management behavior for MS patients are as follows: the degree of understanding of disease prevention knowledge, emotion management induced by earthquake trauma, the source of disease-related information, access and identification are very limited; ethnic traditional culture, religious beliefs, and production activities and routines before and after the earthquake is an important factor in their healthy self-management behavior. The lack of health beliefs and self-efficacy of MS patients among bereaved families after Wenchuan and Yushu earthquake are key obstacle in their self-management. The overall level of the knowledge of patients’ MS prevention, self-efficacy and self-management behaviors are still low. Some positive factors that can be changed including MS prevention knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and family function. Some negative factors which can be improved afterwards, including negative coping style, traumatic life experiences from earthquake and smoking.

Knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes in Dezful City in 2024

Introduction: Knowledge, positive attitude, and proper practice are the most important factors in controlling cardiovascular complications in chronic diseases such as diabetes. So, this study investigated the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiovascular disease prevention in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, 385 patients with type 2 diabetes who visited the Diabetes Clinic of Ganjavian Dezful Hospital from January 2023 to April 2024 were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect data, the demographic information questionnaire and the questionnaire by Koohi et al. (2021) related to the knowledge, attitude and practice of prevention of cardiovascular diseases were used. The Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire was >0/6 for all dimensions of the questionnaire, and its CVR and CVI in this study were 0/90 and 0/85. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software and p-value of less than 0.05. Descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, and standard deviation as well as inferential statistics such as Pearson correlation, independent t test, and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. Results: This study showed that 57.1 percent of the participants were in the age range of 40 to 60 67/5 percent of whom were women. Patients had a high level of knowledge and attitude toward preventing cardiovascular disease (20/06 ± 5/42) and (46/80 ± 4/99), respectively); however, their performance level was not high (8.65 ± 5.03). A significant positive relationship was also observed between knowledge and attitude (r = 0/6, P= 0/001). Conclusion: Despite patients’ high level knowledge and attitude toward the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, their performance in this field is not appropriate, and this issue requires planning by hospital managers

A Comprehensive Cervical Cancer Profile in Nairobi County in Between 2015 and 2019

Cervical cancer is the most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths and morbidity worldwide that is the most common in women aged 45-60, with a disproportional burden in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. The high illness burden in resource-limited settings is attributed to insufficient knowledge of disease prevention and the lack of organized screening programs. Low middle income countries account for 80% of cervical cancer cases globally. Cervical cancer has a global incidence rate of 14 per 100,000 women. The present study delves to determine the Prevalence of cervical cancer in Nairobi county, to examine the age standard rates of cervical cancer and to determine the survival rates of cervical cancer patients. The study utilized retrospective design where patient records were reviewed to obtain data of Nairobi county women residents who sought medical attention from health care facilities due cervical cancer between the period of 2015-2019. Structured questionnaire obtained from the Nairobi county Abstract form at cancer registry (KEMRI).The data was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and can Reg 5. Descriptive statistics were utilized .The Results revealed that the mean affected age is 49.53 years. Most patients were diagnosed at stage 11 at 19.61%.Radiotherapy was the most preferred form of treatment at 46.75%.The survival rate was at 80.52%..Cervical cancer is considered the most common cancer in women. It is recommended that creating awareness can alter the trajectory of the cervical cancer orientation; training practitioners on high index cancer detection, early screening and adjustments on government policies can increase the survival rate. Moreover, HPV vaccination can prevent growth of malignant cervical cancer cells.

Assessing and comparing disease prevention knowledge, attitudes, and practices among veterinarians in Illinois, United States of America

Veterinarians play an essential role in safeguarding and promoting animal and human health by timely reporting of notifiable diseases to animal and public health agencies and by educating animal owners on effective disease prevention measures. Moreover, clinical veterinarians can prevent the transmission and spread of zoonotic diseases by adopting effective biosecurity practices in their clinics.An online questionnaire was administered between October and November 2021 to veterinarians registered with the Illinois State Veterinary Medical Association. Veterinarians were surveyed on their disease risk perception, biosecurity practices, and disease reporting knowledge. In total, 104 veterinarians (64 % females and 46 % males) completed the questionnaire, of whom 88 % were veterinarians working in clinical practice (88 % companion animals and 12 % bovine or swine), while 12 % were employed in non-clinical settings. The disease-reporting knowledge score was higher for veterinarians with biosecurity training (IRR: 1.35; 95 % CI: 1.47–1.75). Compared to large animal veterinarians, companion animal veterinarians had lower odds of having biosecurity training (OR=0.68; 95 % CI=0.02–0.28) and were less familiar with current biosecurity guidelines (OR=0.12; 95 % CI = 0.03–0.51). Veterinarians familiar with biosecurity guidelines had a higher probability (OR=4.4; 95 % CI: 1.21–16.28) of perceiving biosecurity practices as practical while working with animals. Conversely, veterinarians who perceived that they could transmit diseases to animals had lower odds (OR: 0.42; 95 % CI: 0.20–0.91) of wearing protective clothing while dealing with confirmed cases of zoonotic diseases.Based on our study results, a gap in disease-reporting knowledge was identified among companion animal veterinarians. Biosecurity training improved the disease-reporting knowledge of veterinarians, suggesting that providing continuing education for veterinarians would be beneficial to disease reporting. A disconnect between disease risk perception and biosecurity practices was identified and further studies are needed to understand this discrepancy to design effective education programs.

Salutogenesis intervention improves cardio-cerebrovascular health in at-risk office workers: A quasi-experimental study.

Cardio-cerebrovascular disease is the major cause of work-related deaths. Salutogenesis indicates individual differences in health levels occur owing to differences in the sense of coherence (SOC). A salutogenesis-based intervention may promote cardio-cerebrovascular health at work. This study examined the effects of a SOC promotion program based on salutogenesis. Quasi-experimental study. Fifty-six office workers who were above the "low risk" of cardio-cerebrovascular disease from two workplaces were included in the final analysis. Data collected pre- and postintervention. To determine the intervention's effectiveness, repeated-measures analysis of variance was used. The intervention group was provided with the SOC promotion program, whereas the control group was provided with educational materials alone for 12weeks. Generalized resistance resources (GRRs; knowledge of cardio-cerebrovascular disease prevention, stress-coping strategies, and social support) and SOC significantly improved in the intervention group. The intervention group showed significant improvements in occupational stress, physical activity, dietary behavior, total cholesterol level, fasting glucose level, hemoglobin A1C level, body mass index, waist circumference, diastolic and systolic blood pressure, and cardio-cerebrovascular risk. Systematic salutogenesis-based SOC promotion programs should be established to enhance the cardio-cerebrovascular health of office workers at-risk of cardio-cerebrovascular diseases. Trial Registration Number is KCT0007029. The date of registration is February 23, 2022.

Seroprevalence and co-infection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting selected hospitals in Anyigba, Kogi State

ABSTRACT Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remain a public health challenge globally. This study determined the prevalence and coinfection of HBV, HCV, and HIV among patients visiting Maria Goretti Hospital, Grimard Catholic Hospital, and Good News Hospital Anyigba, Kogi State. In a cross-sectional study, sera samples collected from 400 consenting patients were screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV using commercial immunodiagnostic test kits. Of the 400 subjects, 12 (3.0%), 4 (1.0%), and 16 (4.0%) were infected with HBV, HCV, and HIV, respectively. One participant was co-infected with HCV and HIV, while none was simultaneously infected with HBV and HIV. Participants aged 11–20 years had higher hepatitis B-surface antigenemia, while ages 21–30 years and 31–40 years had higher prevalence of HCV and HIV, respectively. Contrary to HBV and HCV positivity, HIV seropositivity was significantly predicted by the ages of exposure (p = 0.002). Males and females were equally infected with HBV (3.0% each), while more males than females were infected with HCV (1.5%) and HIV (4.6%). However, the difference between the occurrence of viral infections and patients’ sex was not significant (p > 0.05). The single participants were more predisposed to HBV while the married subjects had more HCV and HIV mono-infection. However, neither the occurrence of HBV nor HCV or HIV was significantly predicted by the marital status of the individuals (p > 0.05). Subjects with no formal education had a higher positivity rate of HCV and HIV compared to other levels of education, while the tertiary level of education had higher exposure to HBsAg. Occupationally, students were more predisposed to HBV and HCV, while the unemployed participants were more predisposed to HIV. However, neither education nor the occupation of participants was significantly related to any of the viral infections (p > 0.05). Lack of knowledge of disease prevention significantly influenced the occurrence of HBV (p = 0.02), HCV (p = 0.04), and HIV (p = 0.04). Conclusively, the status of HBV, HCV, and HIV infection is low compared with findings of previous epidemiological studies in the area. However, the continuous circulation of the three viral infections and the high disease occurrence in the poorly informed participants suggest the need for increased public health education about infection control and prevention strategies in the area.

Teachers’ knowledge about communicable disease control at primary schools in Mosul City: A cross-sectional study

Introduction: In emergency situations, particularly complicated ones including the collapse of health services and disease control programs, a major cause of mortality and morbidity is limited access to health care and communicable diseases. The aim of the study is to assess the primary school teachers’ knowledge of communicable illness control in Mosul City. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was employed, utilizing a purposeful sample of 149 teachers. The study was carried out at Mosul City primary schools in the first quarter of 2024. A survey was made specifically for this purpose. It was made up of two parts. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26. Results: Findings of the current study showed that 7 (4.7%) teachers only had excellent knowledge of communicable disease prevention and control, while the majority of teachers, 105 (70.5%), had poor knowledge of these topics. Conclusion: The majority of elementary school teachers in Mosul City lack sufficient information on managing communicable diseases. The study advised the essential to work with the Ministry of Health and Environment to implement educational programs on communicable diseases and preventive measures to raise their level of awareness regarding the prevention and control of communicable illnesses. The following core competencies are addressed in this article: Medical knowledge, Practice-based learning and improvement, Systems-based practice.

Implementation of an Awareness Level Training to Prepare the Workforce for Future Infectious Disease Outbreaks.

The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need for workforce awareness-level training for infectious disease outbreaks. A training program was created and evaluated to provide strategies for emergency preparedness as well as worker health and safety during a disease outbreak. Participants (N = 292) completed instructor-led synchronous online training modules between January 2022 and February 2023. Training covered 5 areas: vaccine awareness, infectious disease transmission and prevention, pandemic awareness, and inapparent infections, as well as workplace controls to reduce or remove hazards. Participants completed a survey before and after training to assess knowledge change in the five areas. Chi-square analyses assessed how predictors were related to knowledge change. Overall, an increase in knowledge was observed between pre- (80.9%) and post-training (92.7%). Participants from small businesses, with less work experience, and in non-health care roles were under-informed. Knowledge of disease transmission and prevention improved for non-health care professions and workers with less experience. All participants gained knowledge in identifying and ranking safeguards to protect workers from injuries and illness at job sites. Training improved employee knowledge about safe work practices and pandemic preparedness. Studies should continue to evaluate the effectiveness of preparedness training to prepare the workforce for infectious disease outbreaks and pandemics.

Caregiver's Knowledge of Childhood Diarrhea Disease Prevention Strategies and Their Associated Factors in Dodoma, Tanzania. A Cross-Sectional Study.

Childhood diarrhea remains a leading cause of death in children under 5 years of age worldwide, although the disease is both preventable and treatable. Effective caregiver involvement, rotavirus vaccinations, and parallel diarrhea prevention are critical. This study aimed to assess caregiver's knowledge of childhood diarrheal disease prevention, rotavirus vaccination knowledge, and associated factors in Dodoma, Tanzania. A hospital-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted at Makole Health Center, Dodoma. Data were collected from 274 caregivers of children under 5 years of age who attended a routine immunization clinic. Respondents were interviewed using a semi-structured, pretested questionnaire. Data were analyzed for frequency, percentages, and mean, followed by multivariable linear logistic regression to examine the association between sociodemographic factors and caregiver's knowledge. A total of 274 subjects were involved in the study. The majority (93.8%) were women, all had formal education, (62.8%) knew that diarrhea in children can be prevented by proper handwashing, and only (9.9%) knew about the rotavirus vaccine. Educational level (β = 0.565 CI; 0.490, 0.873) p-value < .001, age of parents (β = 0.738 CI; 0.427, 1.050) p-value .022 and age of child (β = -0.306 CI; - 0.490, -0.122), p-value <.001 and the fact that the child was male (β = 1.116, 95% CI = 0.712, 1.520) p-value < .001) were the factors associated with participants' knowledge. The results highlight the great need for public health programs to increase awareness of rotavirus vaccines and parallel diarrhea prevention interventions, which in turn will significantly improve caregivers' knowledge and therefore the prevention of diarrhea in children.

Compliance of Hand Hygiene Among Health Care Professionals and Allied Health Workers in the Prevention of Bacterial Contamination

This study examined the compliance of hand hygiene in the operating theatre set-up on how to deter pathogenic microorganisms and prevent transmitting them. Poor hand hygiene practices are unacceptable and breaking the law of our infection control practices thus transmitting microorganisms to our clienteles and fellow health care practitioners. Respondents profile like gender, age, occupation, years of employment, level of respondents’ behaviour in performing proper hand hygiene, feedback on proper hand hygiene and fulfilment on health care supplies and facilities. Survey questionnaires were distributed and SPSS were utilized for the data analysis and fifty-five (55) participants joined the said research study. Each participant answered three (3) page questionnaires formulated by the researchers and confidentiality of their identity was strictly observed. Majority of respondents of this research study are nurses, mostly female, and with 4 to 6 years of experience as operating theatre staff. Feedback on proper hand hygiene were significant and respondents were “Fulfilled” to limited supplies and facilities they have.This study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the adherence of our operating theatre staff to hand hygiene practices along with the supplemental of additional information and knowledge of disease prevention of transmission.

Effectiveness of SMART heart package on knowledge and practice regarding prevention of coronary artery disease among high-risk adults in selected urban community at Bangalore

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease is the most common cause of cardiovascular disease. Smoking is one of the triggering factors for CAD, which increases mortality and morbidity rates. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the SMART heart package on high-risk adults' knowledge and practice of coronary artery disease prevention. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A quasi-experimental research study was conducted in India from March 25 to April 23, 2022, through a house-to-house survey. This survey was conducted among 200 adults out of 159 high-risk adults who were identified by a screening tool, using a systematic random sampling technique to select 60 subjects for the study. A SMART heart package intervention was administered for selected high-risk adults. The pre-test and the post-test were conducted using self-administered structured questionnaires for knowledge and a non-observation checklist for practice. The data had been analyzed by the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. RESULTS: The findings show that at the baseline level of knowledge and practice, the majority of the subjects had inadequate knowledge 43 (71.7%) and 51 (85.0%) had poor practice, whereas after administration of the SMART heart package, 29 (48.3%) of subjects had moderately adequate knowledge and 29 (48.3%) had average practice. At baseline, the mean score was 41.5%, which increased to 79.1% on knowledge and 37.2% to 72.5% on practice after the implementation of the intervention, which was statistically significant (P &lt; 0.001). CONCLUSION: Hence, the SMART heart package was effective in increasing the level of knowledge and practice of CAD prevention among high-risk adults.

Zebrafish Model Insights into Mediterranean Diet Liquids: Olive Oil and Wine.

In this review, we explored the potential of a zebrafish model to investigate the antioxidant effects of key components of the Mediterranean diet, namely, olive oil and wine, in the context of preventing age-related diseases, particularly cardiovascular conditions. This paper explores the spectrum of observational studies to preclinical investigations and ultimately converges toward potential translational insights derived from animal experimentation. This review highlights the potential and underutilization of zebrafish as an experimental model in this domain. We highlighted the genetic proximity of zebrafish to humans, offering a unique opportunity for translational insights into the health benefits of olive oil and wine. Indeed, we wanted to focus on the potential of zebrafish to elucidate the health benefits of olive oil and wine while calling for continued exploration to unlock its full potential to advance our knowledge of age-related disease prevention within the Mediterranean diet framework.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of disease prevention among health talk-giving healthcare workers in primary health centres at Osogbo

Background: Disease prevention measures such as creating public awareness are needed to protect the vulnerable populace from acquiring diseases. Knowledgeable health care workers are pivotal to this, and it therefore becomes imperative to assess health workers in this regard. The objective of this study was to ascertain the level of knowledge, the kind of attitude towards and practices of disease prevention among health-talk giving primary health care workers in Osogbo, south western Nigeria.&#x0D; Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study done among 204 respondents from 13 primary health care centres in Osogbo selected using multi-stage sampling technique. The research instrument used was a self-administered questionnaire analysed with SPSS 23.0. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were done as appropriate and a p-value of &lt;0.05 was taken as statistically significant.&#x0D; Results: The results of this study revealed that at least nine out of ten respondents had good knowledge (90.2%) and positive attitude (94.1%) towards disease prevention. A greater proportion of doctors (100%) had good knowledge of disease prevention compared to other health workers while nurses took the lead in having a positive attitude (97.4%). Respondents had varying responses in their practices towards disease prevention, but generally speaking, most respondents who had good knowledge and positive attitudes also exhibited good practices. The only identifiable predictor of respondent's knowledge was level of education, (p=0.024 OR=0.157).&#x0D; Conclusion: The fact that about a tenth of respondents had poor knowledge and about 5% had negative attitude towards disease prevention is a major cause for concern. Since health talk-giving health workers interact directly with the populace, the potentially huge negative effects that this minority can have cannot be underestimated. Therefore, there is a need for close-monitoring and regular review of the kind of information given to clients as well as training and re-training of health workers.

The state of formation of valeological knowledge among students

The article examines the state of formation of valeological knowledge among student youth. It is indicated that the quality of the formed knowledge of a valeological nature among students with different levels of educational achievements differs significantly. 15-year-old students with high and sufficient levels of educational achievements have significantly higher theoretical preparation than students with average and elementary achievements. 15-year-old students better learned the material related to the role of morning hygienic gymnastics, the basic rules of tempering, compliance with safety rules during physical exercises. 16-year-old students better learned the material regarding the motor mode and the rules for forming the correct posture. 17-year-old students have better knowledge of ways to regulate physical activity. Teenagers have worse knowledge of disease prevention through physical education and compliance with the basic rules of self-control. Such a state can be explained not only by the focus of the educational material in classes on the discipline «Fundamentals of hygiene, theory of health and a healthy lifestyle», but also by the general educational activities of the college and the influence of mass media on students. Students have a better command of information that is widely used, widely covered in mass media, advertising, during sports competitions and sports holidays. Narrowly focused knowledge among young people is formed worse, which is due to the specifics and features of conducting classes on «Fundamentals of hygiene, theory of health and a healthy lifestyle». The obtained results indicate the immediate need for the formation of valeological knowledge among students and the ability to use them in everyday life.

AWARENESS OF DENTAL CARIES PREVENTION IN INFANTS AND YOUNG CHILDREN AMONG DENTAL STUDENTS AND DENTAL INTERNS

Introduction. Promoting a commitment to dental caries prevention in young children plays a vital role in establishing healthy lifestyle habits that ward off dental diseases. The initial dental visit is as a cornerstone for fostering parental motivation in preventing dental issues and providing optimal conditions for the development of healthy eating habits, oral care practices, and the use of fluoride toothpaste. The foundation of dental knowledge, habits, and skills is laid within the family as children emulate adult behavior. Pediatric dentists, pediatricians, and primary healthcare personnel should serve as the primary and reliable sources of knowledge. As the determinants of dental caries are influenced by family-related risk factors, such as oral hygiene practices, the use of fluoride toothpaste, and sugar and carbohydrate consumption from an early age, parents bear the responsibility for creating an environment conducive to effective prevention. Dental professionals act as key information sources for oral health within the population and primary healthcare workers.&#x0D; Objective. This study aims to analyze the awareness of senior dental students and interns regarding the prevention of dental caries in infants and young children.&#x0D; Materials and Methods. A questionnaire was designed to assess awareness of dental caries prevention in infants and young children. The questionnaire, consisting of 13 questions with multiple answer options, was distributed to senior dental students and dental interns using an online Google form. It focused on evaluating knowledge of dental disease prevention, including the relationship between dental caries and behavioral risk factors such as nutrition, recommendations for oral care in children, and the use of fluoride-containing toothpaste.&#x0D; Results. Analysis of the questionnaire responses revealed that all participants were aware of the cariogenic nature of sugar, with 82.5% recognizing the caries-causing potential of fruit juices. However, knowledge regarding the cariogenicity of other products, such as fruits (8.8%) and dietary carbohydrates (25.4%), was limited. While the benefits of breastfeeding for a growing child are well-known, only 25.4% of senior dental students and interns recognized that prolonged, unregulated breastfeeding beyond one year contributes to early childhood caries. Moreover, 38.6% believed that bottle-feeding with milk formula can lead to tooth decay. Recommendations for feeding children from a spoon and cup after the eruption of the first milk tooth were not provided by any respondents. Only two individuals (1.8%) acknowledged that co-sleeping with the mother can pose a risk factor for childhood caries. Regarding oral hygiene recommendations for parents, only 12.3% of senior dental students and medical interns suggested the use of toothpaste and a brush, while guidance on selecting appropriate toothpaste for infants and young children was disregarded by all respondents. Additionally, the quantity of toothpaste to be applied and the age at which children should start brushing their teeth were not considered, with 53.5% of respondents believing that brushing with a toothbrush alone is sufficient.&#x0D; Conclusion. The survey exposed insufficient knowledge among senior dental students and medical interns regarding risk factors and evidence-based methods for preventing dental caries in infants and young children.

Exploring Knowledge and Awareness of HCV Infection and Screening Test: A Cross-Sectional Survey Among an Italian Sample

Addressing HCV represents a public health priority, especially in Italy, which has the highest HCV prevalence in Europe. This study primarily aimed to explore knowledge about the HCV infection and awareness of the existence of the HCV screening test in Italy, before the implementation of awareness campaigns in 2022. An online cross-sectional survey was conducted (December 2021–January 2022). The primary outcomes were: Disease Knowledge Score (DKS), Prevention and Transmission Knowledge Score (PTKS) (for both: scoring from 0 to 100%, higher scores corresponded to higher knowledge), and being unaware of the existence of the HCV screening. The final sample consisted of 813 participants. The median DKS was 75% (IQR = 66.7–83.3), the median PTKS was 46.2% (IQR = 38.5–53.8), and 23.2% of participants were unaware of HCV screening. Higher education, health-related study or profession, history of accidental injuries, being affected by HCV and having actively searched for information on HCV had positive associations with DKS. LGBT males showed significantly lower DKS. Considering PTKS, participants affected by HCV the disease had a negative association with this score. Having a postgraduate education reduced the likelihood of not knowing about the HCV screening test, while having at least one family member affected by hepatitis C increased this probability. This study highlighted a concerning lack of knowledge about prevention and transmission, indicating a need for targeted education campaigns. The findings emphasized the importance of information and motivation and identified male LGBT + individuals as a vulnerable group with limited disease knowledge. Future research should concern the effectiveness of awareness campaigns.

The Effect of Electronic Tindak Lanjut Tensiku (e-Titenku) Model to Knowledge of Coronary Heart Disease Prevention

Background: Cardiovascular disease is still a major global health problem. Hypertension is the most risk factor for the incidence of cardiovascular disease and increases the risk of death. Primary and secondary prevention efforts are needed by increasing patient awareness of identifying risk factors and carrying out preventive management. “Electronic-Tindak lanjut Tensiku”, known as e-TITENKU, is a web and smartphone-based application designed to manage coronary heart disease prevention in patients with hypertension. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the e-TITENKU intervention model on knowledge of coronary heart disease prevention. Methods: This research design is true experiment pre and post control group design. The sample size is 120 respondents with primary hypertension in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling. The inclusion criteria included respondents with primary hypertension, adults aged 40-65 years, cooperative and willing to be respondents, while the exclusion criteria were respondents experienced complications of other diseases due to hypertension. Results: The results of the study were that the age of the respondents in the intervention group was 64.91 years old, the systolic blood pressure was 169 mmHg and the diastolic blood pressure was 97 mmHg. The characteristics of the respondents in the control group were the mean age of 65.98, the mean systolic blood pressure of 172 mmHg and the diastolic of 93 mmHg. Conclusion: The e-TITENKU intervention model was able to increase the knowledge score of coronary heart disease prevention. This model can be used by nurses in hospital and community services.

Analysis of the core knowledge level of chronic diseases in Chinese adults and related factors

Objective: To understand the core knowledge level and influencing factors of chronic disease prevention and control in Adults in China, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating chronic disease prevention and control measures. Methods: In this study, cross-sectional survey and quota sampling were used to recruit 173 819 permanent residents aged 18 and above from 302 counties of adult chronic diseases and nutrition surveillance in China to conduct an online questionnaire survey, including basic information and core knowledge of chronic diseases. The scores of the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control were described by median and interquartile range, the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Kruskal Wallis test was used for the inter-group comparison, and the correlation factors of the total score were analyzed by the multilinear regression model. Results: A total of 172 808 participants were surveyed in 302 counties and districts, of which 42.60%(73 623) were male and 57.40%(99 185) were female; The proportion of respondents aged 18-44, 45-59, and 60 years old and above was 54.74% (94 594), 30.91% (53 423) and 14.35% (24 791), respectively. The total score of the core knowledge of chronic prevention and control in the total population was 66(13), and the scores of different characteristic groups were different, and the differences were statistically significant: the eastern region had the highest score at 67(11) (H=840.66, P<0.01), the urban 66(12) was higher than the rural 65(14) (Z=-31.35, P<0.01), and the male 66(14) was lower than female 66(12) (Z=-11.66, P<0.01), 18-24 years old 64(13) was lower than other age groups(H=115.80, P<0.01), and undergraduate degree and above had the highest score compared to other academic qualifications, with 68(9) points(H=2 547.25, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that eastern (t=27.42, P<0.01), central (t=17.33, P<0.01), urban (t=5.69, P<0.01), female (t=17.81, P<0.01), high age (t=46.04, P<0.01) and high education (t=57.77, P<0.01) had higher scores of core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control than other groups, the scores of core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control of professional and technical personnel (t=8.63, P<0.01), state enterprises and institutions (t=38.67, P<0.01), agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy production (t=5.30, P<0.01), production, transportation and commercial personnel (t=24.87, P<0.01), and other workers (t=8.89, P<0.01) were higher than those of non-employed people. Conclusion: There are differences in the total scores of the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control in different characteristics of people in China, and in the future, health education on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be strengthened for specific groups to improve the knowledge level of residents.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice toward disease prevention among a high-risk population for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A cross-sectional study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to describe the current situation of knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevention among a high-risk population for COPD. MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted. A total of 241 participants at risk of COPD were selected who visited the respiratory outpatient department of a Class A tertiary hospital in Chongqing, China from January to December 2021. A self-developed COPD prevention KAP assessment was used for evaluation which included knowledge (21 items), attitude (9 items), and practice (9 items) three dimension, 39 items. ResultsThe average overall KAP score was 68.29 ± 12.91, with scores for the knowledge, attitude, and practice dimension was 68.75 ± 18.07, 71.13 ± 15.09 and 65.00 ± 20.93, respectively. Among the people at risk of COPD, 76.8% experienced a moderate level of KAP toward COPD prevention, while 22.0% were at a poor level. Significant differences in the KAP scores were based on gender, educational level, occupation, type of medical insurance, smoking, and passive smoking status (P < 0.05). The male COPD high-risk group has better KAP toward COPD prevention than the female group (P < 0.05). The knowledge and attitude of COPD prevention present worse in people with a high risk of COPD aged 70 or above, primary school and below educational level, and farmers (P < 0.05). Smoking and passive smoking groups have higher recognition of the knowledge but the lower practice of COPD prevention (P < 0.05). ConclusionThe participants with a high risk of COPD had a moderate level of KAP for COPD prevention, in which the understanding and action on vaccination and lung function test was weak, but an active attitude for health. It is necessary to implement tailored health education interventions to their characteristics to reduce the incidence and development of COPD.

Overview of Knowledge Levels of People Who Are Willing to Vaccinate Against COVID-19 in the COVID-19 Vaccination Program at RSUMM

It is estimated that COVID-19 cases will continue to increase and reach 2.5 million cases with an estimated death toll of 250,000 people if there is no prompt and appropriate public health intervention. Therefore, new interventions are needed to break the chain of disease transmission, primarily through vaccination efforts. Public perception and knowledge of health and disease prevention are important factors in the success of the COVID-19 vaccination program. This research is a quantitative descriptive study with a cross-sectional research design. The sampling technique used was simple random sampling. To find out the level of knowledge of people who are willing to vaccinate against COVID-19, we used a univariate analysis test and a frequency distribution presented in tabulated form. The results showed that the majority of respondents had good knowledge of the COVID-19 vaccine, with 187 respondents (87.0%). The most widely used source of information by respondents to obtain information related to the COVID-19 vaccine was social media, which was at 51.81%. This study can be used by health workers to give health promotion on social media.&#x0D; Keywords: COVID-19, knowledge level, COVID-19 vaccination