Knowledge Of Cancer Screening Research Articles

Evaluation of cancer screening services provided for people living with HIV in Botswana, 2022-2023.

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) have an increased risk of cancers. Currently, Botswana has no screening guidelines for common cancers in PLHIV except cervical cancer. Also, the proportion of PLHIV who are screened for cancer is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate cancer screening services for PLHIV receiving care in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinics. Resources for cancer screening were assessed and medical records of adults initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) from 2020 to 2021 in 20 high-volume HIV clinics in Gaborone and Francistown were reviewed. Questionnaires assessing knowledge and practices of cancer screening were administered to health workers. The majority of clinics had the required resources for cancer screening (specifically cervical cancer). Of the 62 health workers working at the HIV clinics, 57 (91.9%) completed the questionnaire: 35 (62.5%) nurses and 22 (37.5%) doctors. Only 26.3% of the health workers were trained in cervical cancer screening. Doctors were more likely to report practicing routine screening of other cancers (e.g. breast) (p = 0.003) while more nurses reported assessing patients for cancer history during follow-up visits (p = 0.036). Most health workers did not perform physical examinations to detect cancer at initial or follow-up visits. Of the 1000 records of PLHIV reviewed, 57.3% were females, and only 38% of these were screened for cervical cancer. Besides cervical cancer, almost all (97.8%) were not screened for any cancer at ART initiation and during follow-up. These findings highlight the need to improve cancer screening services of PLHIV in Botswana through the training of health workers, and the development and enhanced use of screening guidelines.

Effect of a Theory-Based Narrative Video on Colorectal Cancer Screening Intention, Knowledge, and Psychosocial Variables Among a Predominantly Hispanic Population.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death in the USA. Latinx adults are overrepresented in late-stage CRC diagnosis as CRC screening utilization remains low among Latinx-identifying individuals. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a theory-based narrative video following a culturally appropriate storyline on CRC screening intention, knowledge, and psychosocial variables along the U.S.-Mexico border. We designed and analyzed a non-randomized pre-posttest evaluation of a narrative, culturally tailored video embedded within a community program. The study is set in the U.S.-Mexico border community. Outreach provided a link or QR code to access the survey. In all, 458 participants started the survey, and 304 completed the survey. Participants were recruited through flyers distributed throughout various community events by the program's community health workers and via social media. The intervention evaluated changes in participant's knowledge, perceived barriers, perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and perceived benefits and intention to screen. Participants were a mean age of 39 and identified mainly as female (72.7%) and Hispanic/Latinx (88.49%). After viewing the narrative video, participants had significantly improved perceived susceptibility, self-efficacy, and benefits, while perceived barriers and sense of fatalism significantly decreased. Paradoxically, this was associated with a significant decrease in knowledge scores. Results from this intervention suggest that a theory-based narrative video following a culturally appropriate storyline effectively improves psychosocial variables and intention to carry out CRC screening in a predominantly Hispanic border population.

Investigating the healthcare-seeking behaviors of mobile phone users to improve cervical cancer screening in rural Uganda.

Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer in low- and middle-income countries, despite being preventable. Uganda, which lacks an effective screening program, has one of the highest global cervical cancer incidence rates. Mobile health (mHealth) technology has the potential to improve healthcare-seeking behaviors and access. The present study describes the connection between mobile phone access and healthcare-seeking behaviors in rural Uganda. Women were eligible for this cross-sectional study if they had no prior screening or treatment for cervical cancer in the past 5 years, were aged 30 to 49 years old, and were residents of the South Busoga Forest reserve. Survey data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Of the 1434 participants included in the analysis, 91.4% reported having access to a mobile phone. Most respondents were aged 30-40 years, had a partner, had ≤primary education, and were farmers. Participants with mobile phone access were significantly more likely to report attending a healthcare outreach visit (access = 87.3%, no access = 72.6%, P < 0.001) or visiting a health center (access = 96.9%, no access = 93.5%, P < 0.001). Participants in both groups had largely positive attitudes around and good knowledge of cervical cancer screening. While attendance to healthcare services was high amongst participants, those with mobile phone access were more likely to seek healthcare services. Further inquiry into this association between mobile phone access and healthcare-seeking behavior is needed to optimize the improvements to cervical cancer screening when implementing interventions such as mHealth technology.

Paper Title: Colorectal cancer screening knowledge among community pharmacists: A national survey

Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can reduce CRC morbidity and mortality. Community pharmacies could be a viable option for delivering home-based CRC screening tests such as fecal immunochemical tests (FITs). However, little is known about community pharmacists' knowledge about CRC screening guidelines. We assessed community pharmacists' knowledge about CRC screening to identify education and training needs for a pharmacy-based CRC screening program. Between September 2022 and January 2023, we conducted an online national survey of community pharmacists practicing in the United States (US) (Responders were eligible if they were currently-licensed community pharmacists and currently practiced in the US. The survey assessed knowledge of national CRC screening guidelines, including recommended starting age, frequency of screening, different screening modalities, and follow-up care. Using multiple linear regression, we evaluated correlates of community pharmacists' level of CRC screening knowledge, defined as the total number of knowledge questions answered correctly from "0" (no questions correct) to "5" (all questions correct). 578 eligible community pharmacists completed the survey, with a response rate of 59%. Most community pharmacists correctly answered the question about the next steps following a positive FIT (87%) and the question about where a FIT can be done (84%). A minority of community pharmacists responded correctly to questions about the age to start screening with FIT (34%) and how often a FIT should be repeated (28%). Only 5% of pharmacists answered all knowledge questions correctly. Community pharmacists answered more CRC screening knowledge questions correctly as their years in practice increased. Board-certified community pharmacists answered more CRC screening knowledge questions correctly compared to those who were not board-certified. To ensure the successful implementation of a pharmacy-based CRC screening program, community pharmacists need to be educated about CRC screening and trained to ensure comprehensive patient counseling and preventive service delivery.

Understanding Knowledge, Attitude, and Uptake of Cervical Cancer Screening among Women in Kiryandongo General Hospital

Cervical cancer remains a significant public health concern globally, particularly in low-income countries where mortality rates are disproportionately high. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and uptake of cervical cancer screening among reproductive-aged women attending Kiryandongo General Hospital in Uganda. A sample size of 288 participants was determined using a modified Daniel’s formula, and data was collected using investigator-administered questionnaires. Results revealed that while the majority of participants had heard about cervical cancer, knowledge about its causative agent, risk factors, and preventive measures was low. Despite this, a considerable proportion expressed positive attitudes towards screening and willingness to undergo screening. However, the uptake of cervical cancer screening was alarmingly low, with only 4.9% of participants having been screened. These findings underscore the urgent need for comprehensive awareness campaigns and improved access to screening services in order to address the knowledge gaps and increase uptake of cervical cancer screening among women in the study area. Keywords: Cervical Cancer Screening, Pap smears, Health education, Knowledge, Attitude, Uptake, Reproductive-aged women

Communication Channels of Breast Cancer Screening Awareness Campaigns Among Women Presenting for Mammography in Ghana

ObjectiveThe channels and content of communication play an integral role in creating breast cancer screening awareness. Although breast cancer screening awareness campaigns are increasing in Ghana, no study has been conducted to investigate the communication channels used by these campaigns. This study aimed to identify the most effective source of breast cancer screening awareness information among women presenting for mammography in Ghana. MethodsEthical approval was sought before data collection. A cross-sectional quantitative approach was adopted for the study and involved 192 women who visited two mammography centers in October 2020 for mammography screening. A self-administered closed-ended questionnaire was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were carried out using SPSS version 26. ResultsA total of 192 responses were obtained. Of them, 72 (37.5%) participants had diploma/Higher National Diploma/degree education, with 105 (54.7%) of them being traders or nonprofessionals. All participants had heard of mammography screening and examination before this study. Mass media was the most common source of information on mammography screening (86 [44.8%]), of which radio was the highest subcategory (34 [39.5%]). Moreover, women presenting for mammography in Ghana demonstrated a high level of knowledge of breast cancer screening. DiscussionMass media is the most common source of information on breast cancer screening awareness in Ghana and has the potential to positively impact sensitization programs by reaching out to more women. There is a need to engage the Ghanaian population using mass media and health facilities to maximize the impact of breast cancer screening awareness campaigns.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices of cervical cancer screening among female students enrolled in higher education institutions in Cabo Verde.

A descriptive cross-sectional study, using a self-administered structured questionnaire, was conducted in six higher education institutions (HEI) in Cabo Verde between November and December 2020. A total of 618 female undergraduate students were recruited using a simple random sampling technique. Descriptive statistical data analysis was used to report the results. The response rate was 96.6% (n = 618). Most of the participants, 90.6% (549), were single, with average age of 21.79 years (SD =±4). Although most of the participants had already heard about CC (94.6%), most students showed a low knowledge about this disease (86.2%). Moreover, only 9.1% reported having been screened for CC. Most undergraduate female students enrolled in HEI in Cabo Verde have poor knowledge and unfavourable attitudes toward CC. The level of knowledge is quite unsatisfactory. Within this context, the implementation of health policies focused on human papillomavirus education, prevention strategies, and CC screening is crucial.

Abstract 4803: Cancer screening, knowledge, and fatalism among Chinese, Korean, and South Asian residents of New York City

Abstract Background: Asian New York City (NYC) residents have the lowest screening rates by race across cancer type. Past studies indicate heterogeneity within the Asian American population, yet few have examined differences in screening uptake and related factors among Asian ethnic subgroups in NYC. Further, cancer screening knowledge and cancer fatalism have been found to impact cancer screening uptake, and effects vary by race, ethnicity, immigration status, and cancer type. Objective: Our study aimed to examine differences in cancer screening uptake, knowledge, and fatalism among Chinese, Korean, and South Asian NYC adults and to examine the effects of cancer screening knowledge and cancer fatalism on cancer screening uptake. Methods: We used data from NYU Langone Perlmutter Cancer Center’s Cancer Community Health Resources and Needs Assessment survey. The survey was developed and distributed in 10 languages in collaboration with 23 community partners. Data were collected from NYC adults with recruitment strategies focused on immigrant and non-English language preference communities from Oct. 2021 - Dec. 2022. Multivariable logistic and multinomial regression analyses were used to examine differences in breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening uptake; breast and CRC screening knowledge; and cancer fatalism between Chinese, Korean, and South Asian (Bangladeshi, Pakistani, Asian Indian, and Nepali) adults; and to examine the effects of breast and CRC screening knowledge on breast and CRC screening uptake and cancer fatalism on breast, cervical, and CRC screening uptake (n=1,045). Analyses were restricted by age and sex using United States (U.S.) Preventive Services Task Force guidelines. Results: The sample was 60.0% female with a mean age of 45.7 years; 83.1% of participants were born outside of the U.S., 49.9% of participants were Chinese, 22.8% were Korean, and 27.3% were South Asian. Korean women had 0.52 (95%CI: 0.31, 0.88) times lower odds of Pap test uptake than Chinese women; South Asian adults had 0.44 (95%CI: 0.24, 0.80) times lower odds of CRC screening uptake than Chinese adults. Korean adults had 1.68 (95%CI: 1.17, 2.41) times higher odds of knowing the correct age to begin having mammograms compared to Chinese adults; South Asian adults had 0.66 (95%CI: 0.46, 0.94) times lower odds of knowing the correct age to begin CRC screening compared to Chinese adults. Korean adults had a 0.39 (95%CI: 0.25, 0.63) and 0.22 (95%CI: 0.13, 0.37) times lower odds of some and high cancer fatalism, respectively, compared to Chinese adults. No associations were found between cancer screening knowledge or cancer fatalism and cancer screening uptake. Conclusions: Our study adds to the current literature on the diversity of cancer needs, beliefs, and behaviors among Asian Americans. The findings indicate the need for ethnic-specific cultural tailoring for future cancer screening interventions. Citation Format: Isabel I. Curro, Chloe A. Teasdale, Laura Wyatt, Yousra Yusuf, Victoria Foster, Sonia Sifuentes, Perla Chebli, Julie A. Kranick, Simona C. Kwon, Chau Trinh-Shevrin, Madison N. LeCroy. Cancer screening, knowledge, and fatalism among Chinese, Korean, and South Asian residents of New York City [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 4803.

Abstract 3469: Exploring the impact of a giant inflatable colon on the level of awareness, knowledge, and intent for colorectal cancer screening among men attending two state fairs in the Midwest

Abstract Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of an interactive inflatable colon as an effective educational tool to increase colorectal cancer (CRC) awareness, knowledge, and screening intention among men attending the Wisconsin (WI) and Minnesota (MN) state fairs. Methods: Eligible study participants were self-identified men aged 18-75 who spoke English, were residents of WI or MN, and able to read in English. The study was employed during the final operating weekend of both the 2023 WI State Fair (August 11-13) and the MN State Fair (September 1-3). Eligible participants completed: (1) a pre-survey, (2) an unguided tour of the inflatable “Super Colon”, and then (3) a post-survey. The primary outcomes of interest were change in awareness (two items), knowledge (four items), and behavioral intent to obtain CRC screening (one item) from pre- to post-survey. Chi-square tests were used to examine study site differences and to explore the association between demographics and behaviors (awareness, knowledge, intentions) before entry to the Super Colon. McNemar’s test were employed to test if there were significant differences in the distributions from pre- to post-survey. Results: A total of 940 eligible participants were included in the study sample. The men self-identified their race/ethnicity as Non-Hispanic (NH) White (72%), followed by NH other (12%), NH Black (9%), and Hispanic (8%). Race and ethnicity significantly varied by study site (&amp;lt;.0001) with participants from WI more likely being members of racial/ethnic groups that are often medically underserved (33% vs. 24% in MN). Only 13% of participants had walked through an inflatable colon before. Of those who were screening-age appropriate (age 45 or older), 89% had been screened for CRC previously. With the exception of one question, baseline CRC knowledge was relatively high among our study sample. Interestingly, having higher confidence of their awareness level was inversely associated with higher knowledge. As a result of touring the Super Colon, a significant improvement in confidence in individuals’ knowledge of CRC (&amp;lt;.0001), knowledge regarding a colon polyp (&amp;lt;.0001), and intentions to be screened in the future (&amp;lt;.0001) were observed. Most participants (95%) agreed that the Super Colon is an effective educational tool to teach people about CRC. Conclusion: Since both encouraging CRC screening uptake and increasing research study participation among men can be a difficult task, these findings emphasize the crucial role of community-based educational initiatives in achieving these goals. Our findings affirm how the three-dimensional interior of the Super Colon is as an effective educational tool for promoting CRC early detection screening behaviors among men and increasing their awareness. Citation Format: Ami E. Sedani, Kelly K. Rifelj, Malcolm S. Bevel, Cordero L. McCall, Mckenzi Rogalla, Lisa Laliberte, Kiara Ellis, Rebekah J. Pratt, Charles R. Rogers. Exploring the impact of a giant inflatable colon on the level of awareness, knowledge, and intent for colorectal cancer screening among men attending two state fairs in the Midwest [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3469.

Exploring the Landscape of Breast Cancer Prevention among Chinese Residents in Italy: An In-Depth Analysis of Screening Adherence, Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Practices, the Role of Technological Tools, and Misconceptions Surrounding Risk Factors and Symptoms.

Breast cancer remains a significant health concern among women globally. Despite advancements in awareness and diagnostic techniques, it persists as a leading cause of death, with profound impacts on affected individuals' quality of life. Primary and secondary prevention, including regular screenings and practices like breast self-examination (BSE), are pivotal in ensuring early diagnosis. The national health system (NHS) in Italy offers screenings for women aged 50-69 every two years, managed by the local health authority. However, the participation rates, especially among the Chinese female population residing in Italy, are not well understood. Using a snowball method, we electronically disseminated a survey to investigate how Chinese women living in Italy engage with available NHS screening programs. The survey also explores their practice of BSE and the use and impact of technological tools on prevention. Furthermore, the study aims to understand the subjects' depth of knowledge and misconceptions about breast cancer. The data reveal a significant gap in breast cancer screening adherence and knowledge among Chinese women in Italy, with a notable discrepancy between the general population and those who have previously encountered cancer. The results highlight the urgent need for interventions that are culturally sensitive, stressing that these actions are not only desirable but essential.

Exploring Gender Disparities in Factors Influencing Colorectal Cancer Screening Compliance in Singapore.

The uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening remains suboptimal in Singapore. Existing research highlights gender-related disparities in screening behaviors. This study aims to evaluate the gender differences in factors associated with CRC screening compliance in Singapore, with a specific focus on cancer screening beliefs and knowledge on CRC screening guidelines. Data were collected from an online survey on cancer screening belief, knowledge, and practices in Singapore. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify independent factors associated with compliance in CRC screening. The study included 633 participants aged 50-69 years, eligible for CRC screening. Only 132 participants (20.9%) complied with CRC screening guidelines with no significant gender differences observed in compliance rates. Most participants held positive beliefs on routine screening (86.9%) and perceived screening benefits in improving treatment outcomes (89.6%) and reducing mortality rates (77.6%). However, both genders exhibited limited knowledge regarding CRC screening guidelines. Only 28.3% were aware that CRC screening should commence at age 50 years. While nearly half of participants knew FIT (44.7%) and colonoscopy (52.0%) as CRC screening modalities, only 27.5% and 15.2% recognized the recommended intervals for FIT and colonoscopy screening respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a positive association between knowledge on CRC screening guidelines and CRC screening compliance for both genders. Gender-specific variations were observed in the factors associated with CRC screening compliance. Specifically, women with a family history of cancer, believing in routine cancer screening, and prior adherence to breast cancer screening and men within the older cohort (55-69 years) were more likely to comply with CRC screening. Low compliance with CRC screening was observed in Singapore. Targeted interventions should address gender-specific factors and highlight CRC screening guidelines as a crucial component of cancer education for entire screening eligible population in order to improve CRC screening compliance.

Knowledge, attitude, and practice of lung cancer screening and associated factors among high-risk population in Lanzhou, China: A cross-sectional study.

This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of high-risk populations toward lung cancer screening in Lanzhou, China. Using convenience sampling, this cross-sectional study enrolled outpatients at high-risk for lung cancer at Lanzhou University Second Hospital between November 2022 and March 2023. An anonymous, self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to each participant via the Sojump website (https://www.wjx.cn/), comprising 40 items to collect demographic information and evaluate KAP toward lung cancer screening. The analyses were descriptive. A total of 577 participants (average age of 61.8 ± 7.1 years; 306 males) were included in the study. The participants' scores for KAP were 4.9 ± 2.2, 27.4 ± 3.0, and 7.0 ± 2.1, respectively. Participants with occupational exposure had significantly lower knowledge score (3.3 ± 2.4 vs 5.2 ± 2.1, P < .001), and practice score (5.6 ± 2.4 vs 7.3 ± 1.9, P < .001) than those without occupational exposure. Participants with smoking or passive smoking history had significantly higher attitude scores (27.6 ± 2.9 vs 25.8 ± 3.2, P < .001) and practice scores (7.1 ± 2.0 vs 6.5 ± 2.5, P = .014) than those without smoking history. A total of 360 (62.4%) participants endorsed the doctors' counseling on lung cancer screening, and 355 (61.5%) participants were willing to have screening for lung cancer as doctors advised. The study revealed that 390 (67.6%) participants identified low-dose computed tomography as the appropriate method for lung cancer screening, while 356 (61.7%) participants believed that X-rays were a reliable screening method for lung cancer. However, 365 (63.3%) participants thought that the treatment outcomes for early and late-diagnosed lung cancer were the same. Additionally, 416 (72.10%) participants believed that annual lung cancer CT scanning is unnecessary. On the other hand, 339 (58.8%) participants expressed concerns about exposure to radiation from CT scans, while 349 (60.5%) participants were worried about the cost of lung cancer screening. Only 142 (24.6%) participants reported having undergone annual lung cancer screening. The high-risk population had limited knowledge and insufficient attitude and practice toward lung cancer screening in Lanzhou, China.

Knowledge and awareness of early gastrointestinal cancer screening in Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in Gansu, China.

We aimed to assess the level of knowledge and awareness regarding the need for screening of early gastrointestinal cancer among residents of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County in China. In this cross-sectional study, we conducted a survey among permanent residents of Sunan Yugur Autonomous County from January 2020 to January 2023 using a questionnaire to obtain data on knowledge regarding early gastrointestinal cancer screening. The survey included 12,000 residents. Among participants, 62.30% (7476/12,000) were aware of the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening. Awareness about the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening differed significantly based on participants' sex, age, level of education, area of residence, and ethnicity. The level of awareness regarding the need for early gastrointestinal cancer screening was relatively low in our study population. The government and medical institutions should provide information and promote early gastrointestinal cancer screening in the region to improve the health status and quality of life among the Yugur people.

Factors Influencing the Mammographic Screening Practices of South Asian Women in Hong Kong: A Qualitative Study.

Breast cancer is a common type of cancer in South Asian women. Early detection by mammographic screening plays a significant role in improving survival rates. South Asian minorities in many countries have reported low mammographic screening rates. This study aimed to understand the factors that influence mammographic screening uptake among South Asian women in Hong Kong. This was a qualitative exploratory descriptive study. South Asian women 40 years or older with no history of breast cancer were recruited. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted following a semistructured interview guide. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. A total of 31 South Asian women consented to participate. Among them, only 7 had ever undergone mammographic screening. The following themes of facilitating factors were identified: (1) influence of doctors, family, and friends; (2) strong sense of commitment to the family; and (3) accessibility and availability of mammographic screening information and services. The following themes for barriers to screening were identified: (1) beliefs about health management and social norms, (2) lack of knowledge and understanding of breast cancer and mammographic screening, (3) logistical barriers, and (4) physical barriers. This study identified important facilitators and barriers that influence the uptake of mammographic screening among South Asian women in Hong Kong. The study findings can be used to guide the development and implementation of culturally relevant interventions to address barriers to screening, including the expected gender roles and responsibilities among women in their respective families.

Knowledge of Cervical Cancer and Attitude Toward Cervical Cancer Screening Among the First-Year School of Midwifery Students in FMC Nguru, North-Eastern Nigeria

Cervical cancer occurs due to Infection by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) and subsequent integration of the HPV genome into the host chromosome of cervical epithelial cells. The viral proto-oncogenes, mainly E6 and E7, are responsible for the initial changes in the epithelial cells of the transformation zone of the cervix. The viral proteins inactivate two main tumor suppressor proteins, p53, and retinoblastoma (pRb). Inactivation of these host proteins disrupts both the DNA repair mechanisms and apoptosis, leading to rapid cell proliferation. Cervical cancer is the 4th most common cancer among women worldwide, it ranked 14th among all cancers worldwide. There are 500,000 new cases of cancer of the cervix annually, and about 250,000 mortalities all over the world from cervical cancer. About 80% of all these cases occur in low-income countries. In Nigeria, there are 12,075 new cases of cervical cancer and 7,968 deaths due to cervical cancer per year. The study was a cross-sectional type aimed at exploring the knowledge of the participants on cancer of the cervix and their attitude toward cervical cancer screening using a semi-structured questionnaire in FMC Nguru. Results: The total number of participants was 29(n=29). The mean age of the respondents was 20.9 +/-2. 8SD. Concerning the knowledge of cervical cancer among the participants, 27(93.1%) heard of cervical cancer. Most of the respondents do not know the cause of cervical cancer, as only 10(34.5%) know that cervical cancer is associated with HPV. The risk factors for cervical Cancer are not known by most of the respondents as 14(48.3%) agreed that having a relative who had the disease is a risk factor, while only 10(34.5%) agreed that HPV is a cause of the pathology. There was poor knowledge regarding the presentation of cancer of the cervix, abnormal vaginal bleeding is the most popular way of presentation known by 13(44.8%) of the respondents while only 8(27.6%) know that cervical cancer can present with bleeding after sexual intercourse, five of the respondents (17.2%) showed smelling vaginal discharge as the mode of presentation, dysuria by only 2(6.9%). A good number of the participants know about cervical screening 26(89.7%). Twenty-eight respondents (96.6%) are willing to go and have themselves screened for cervical cancer if they are asked to do so, and 27(93.1%) will advise some other people to go for the screening. A good number of the respondents, 27(93.1%) are aware that cancer of the cervix can be prevented. Conclusion: The students had a good awareness of cervical cancer and cancer of the cervix screening and had a positive attitude toward having themselves screened whenever the chance was available, and also had a positive attitude toward being willing to convince other people to go for the screening, but demonstrated less knowledge on cervical cancer causes, risk factors and mode of presentation. Hence there is a window of opportunity to deliver more health education to the students and by extension to the larger population.

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Prevalence of Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in Garissa County

Background: Globally, cancer is a leading cause of death, with cervical cancer being particularlyprevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, including Kenya. Despite being preventable, cervical cancer remains asignificant health burden due to low screening awareness and socioeconomic disparities. In Kenya, it isthe second most frequent cancer among women. This is exacerbated by high HPV infection rates,underscoring the critical need for effective screening strategies. This study assessed the knowledge,attitudes, and prevalence of cervical cancer screening among women in Garissa County.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study involving 480 women was conducted in Savannah RoyalHospital, Garissa from January 31st to February 4th, 2023. The study employed questionnaires toassess the knowledge and attitudes of women toward cervical cancer screening, alongside visualinspection with acetic acid (VIA) to determine the prevalence of cervical cancer. Participants wereselected through convenience sampling after a public awareness drive, and informed consent wasobtained from all participants.Results: Of 480 women screened, 96% (462) and 4% (18) tested negative and positive for cervicalcancer, respectively. Notably, 66% (315) were unaware of cervical cancer screening prior to the study,with 82.1% citing lack of awareness as the reason for not being previously screened. Regardingattitudes, 65.1% reported no discomfort during screening, 71.9% rated the experience positively, and50% felt no embarrassment in seeking a repeat VIA or Papanicolaou smear. Most women (72%)preferred receiving the results in person, and 97% were willing to undergo follow-up tests if the screeningresults were positive.Conclusion: The study highlights a significant lack of awareness of cervical cancer screening amongwomen in Garissa County, yet reveals positive attitudes toward screening. This suggests that enhancingawareness could lead to higher screening participation. The 4% positivity rate emphasizes the necessityof ongoing screening initiatives.

Knowledge, Attitude and Obstacles of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Primary Health Care in Bali, Indonesia

Background: The knowledge of CRC and its screening methods of healthcare workers is the bedrock of CRC early detection particularly in countries lacking national screening programs. Unknown factors influencing colorectal cancer early detection program implementation. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of primary health care (PHC) provider regarding CRC screening and identify the barriers associated with the screening plan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PHC physicians and nurses in public primary health care centers in Bali, Indonesia. A 44-item self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of CRC screening. The questionnaire was spread using google form. Results: Two hundred and five respondents have participated in this study. The average duration of doing practice in PHC is 6.6 years. In knowledge of CRC, 50.2% of them have good knowledge, and there is no difference between PCPs vs nurses (51.9% vs 47.3%; p=0.53). In attitude toward CRC screening, 58.5% out of the have good attitude, and there is no difference between PCPs vs nurses (60.3% vs 55.4%; p=0.50). The barriers of the screening was divided into two areas, a barrier from the health care system and patients. There was no association between knowledge and attitude towards CRC screening (p=0.63).Conclusion: The majority of health workers' knowledge and attitudes toward CRC screening were in the "good" category. The patient's fear of being diagnosed with cancer, as well as the patient's fear and anxiety of screening tests, is the most significant barrier to colorectal cancer screening.

Knowledge, Attitude and Obstacles of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Primary Health Care in Bali, Indonesia

Background: The knowledge of CRC and its screening methods of healthcare workers is the bedrock of CRC early detection particularly in countries lacking national screening programs. Unknown factors influencing colorectal cancer early detection program implementation. We aimed to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of primary health care (PHC) provider regarding CRC screening and identify the barriers associated with the screening plan.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among PHC physicians and nurses in public primary health care centers in Bali, Indonesia. A 44-item self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of CRC screening. The questionnaire was spread using google form. Results: Two hundred and five respondents have participated in this study. The average duration of doing practice in PHC is 6.6 years. In knowledge of CRC, 50.2% of them have good knowledge, and there is no difference between PCPs vs nurses (51.9% vs 47.3%; p=0.53). In attitude toward CRC screening, 58.5% out of the have good attitude, and there is no difference between PCPs vs nurses (60.3% vs 55.4%; p=0.50). The barriers of the screening was divided into two areas, a barrier from the health care system and patients. There was no association between knowledge and attitude towards CRC screening (p=0.63).Conclusion: The majority of health workers' knowledge and attitudes toward CRC screening were in the "good" category. The patient's fear of being diagnosed with cancer, as well as the patient's fear and anxiety of screening tests, is the most significant barrier to colorectal cancer screening.

Knowledge of cervical cancer screening among Omani women attending a university teaching hospital: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesTo assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cervical cancer and Pap smear screening among Omani women attending a tertiary clinic in Muscat, Oman, and to establish correlations with selected sociodemographic factors.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional study was carried out among Omani women aged 18–50 years old attending the outpatient clinic of the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, from October 2019 to February 2020. A validated Arabic-language questionnaire was utilized to collect data regarding the participants’ sociodemographic characteristics, their knowledge of cervical cancer and related risk factors, and their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to cervical cancer screening and Pap smear testing.ResultsOf the 380 respondents, 86 and 55% had previously heard of cervical cancer and Pap smear testing, respectively; however, only 26% were knowledgeable concerning these topics. Knowledge scores were significantly associated with various sociodemographic factors, including marital status and a previous awareness of cervical cancer (odds ratio: > 1, p < 0.05). Only 21% had themselves previously undergone Pap smear testing; however, 75% reported being willing to undergo such screening in future.ConclusionsKnowledge regarding cervical cancer-related risk factors and Pap smear screening was poor among a cohort of Omani women attending a tertiary clinic in Muscat, Oman. This may play a role in the increased frequency of cervical cancer cases observed in Oman over recent years. As such, a well-structured public education program is recommended to raise awareness of this issue.

Knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening among women at Thai Binh hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2023

Objectives: To describe knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening and to identify associated factors among women at Thai Binh Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 2023. Participants and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was conducted among 400 women aged 21-65 years at Thai Binh Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology to collect data on knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening by using a self – reported questionnaire. The maximum score for the general knowledge was 46 points. Results: The percentage of participants with good knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening was 38.8%. Knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening was related to age, occupation, and education level. Conclusion: The knowledge of cervical cancer prevention and screening among the women in the research was quite low. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen communication and health education for women at the hospital by providing more information sheets (posters, leaflets...) about cervical cancer, vaccination and screening, therefore,they may improve their knowledge while getting the healthcare service at the hospital.