Factors Influencing the Mammographic Screening Practices of South Asian Women in Hong Kong: A Qualitative Study.

Abstract

Breast cancer is a common type of cancer in South Asian women. Early detection by mammographic screening plays a significant role in improving survival rates. South Asian minorities in many countries have reported low mammographic screening rates. This study aimed to understand the factors that influence mammographic screening uptake among South Asian women in Hong Kong. This was a qualitative exploratory descriptive study. South Asian women 40 years or older with no history of breast cancer were recruited. In-depth face-to-face interviews were conducted following a semistructured interview guide. Thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. A total of 31 South Asian women consented to participate. Among them, only 7 had ever undergone mammographic screening. The following themes of facilitating factors were identified: (1) influence of doctors, family, and friends; (2) strong sense of commitment to the family; and (3) accessibility and availability of mammographic screening information and services. The following themes for barriers to screening were identified: (1) beliefs about health management and social norms, (2) lack of knowledge and understanding of breast cancer and mammographic screening, (3) logistical barriers, and (4) physical barriers. This study identified important facilitators and barriers that influence the uptake of mammographic screening among South Asian women in Hong Kong. The study findings can be used to guide the development and implementation of culturally relevant interventions to address barriers to screening, including the expected gender roles and responsibilities among women in their respective families.