Mastery Of Knowledge Research Articles

Impacts of blended learning with BOPPPS model on Chinese medical undergraduate students: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of 44 studies

BackgroundWith the development of Internet information technology, especially the impact of the sudden outbreak of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, along with the call for “classes suspended but learning continues,” a large number of medical educators have learned and experienced online teaching. They have understood the shortcomings of traditional teaching methods. Not only the blended BOPPPS teaching mode combines the advantages of the BOPPPS teaching mode but also the online teaching platform breaks through the limitation of time and space. However, a general consensus on the effectiveness of the blended BOPPPS teaching strategy in China is lacking, and few studies use quantitative synthesis to evaluate the effectiveness of this teaching strategy. Hence, this study aimed to assess the overall effectiveness of online and offline blended BOPPPS teaching strategies in higher medical education in China compared with the lecture-based learning (LBL) teaching model.MethodsStudies that blended learning with the BOPPPS model in China from January 2000 to October 2023 were searched in the Chinese and English-language online databases. We analyzed the objective and subjective scores of students and performed subgroup analysis for specialties and online teaching platforms. The data were analyzed using the Stata version 14.0 software. The quality assessment was performed using the Jadad scoring scale.ResultsForty-four studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the LBL mode, the blended the BOPPPS teaching mode was more effective in terms of the overall capacity [standardized mean difference (SMD) = 1.193, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.813–1.572], mastery of medical theory knowledge (SMD = 1.090, 95% CI: 0.730–1.450), and practical skills (SMD = 1.246, 95% CI: 0.799–1.693). The analyzed questionnaire surveys indicated the positive effects of the blended BOPPPS teaching mode on classroom satisfaction, autonomous learning ability, learning interest, teamwork ability, interpersonal skills, ability to analyze and solve problems, group interaction, learning engagement, and learning strategies.ConclusionsThe study underscored that the blended BOPPPS teaching mode could effectively improve the comprehensive quality of students. The subjective scores also indicated that students generally preferred this novel teaching mode.

Application and Effect Analysis of Diversified Teaching Methods in Concrete Mechanics Course

In the Concrete Mechanics course, traditional teaching methods, due to their singularity and lack of interactivity, can no longer meet the demands of modern engineering education. This paper explores the application of diversified teaching methods in the Concrete Mechanics course and evaluates their effects. By introducing various teaching methods such as flipped classrooms, project-based learning, cooperative learning, and case teaching, we conducted a detailed analysis of students' learning interests, knowledge mastery, and comprehensive quality. The research results show that diversified teaching methods significantly improve students' learning effectiveness and classroom engagement. Some challenges encountered during implementation and corresponding solutions are also proposed, providing valuable references for future teaching reforms.

Structural Chemistry Simulation Experiments: A Case Study on Conjugated Alkene Molecules

As a core branch of chemistry, structural chemistry presents challenges in teaching due to its theoretical constructs and complex mathematical derivations. The application of quantum mechanics is particularly difficult for students. This paper analyzes the limitations of traditional experimental teaching and proposes simulation experiments as an effective supplementary method. Simulation experiments, by reducing costs, improving safety, and enhancing intuitiveness, help students deeply understand the theoretical knowledge of structural chemistry and cultivate their critical thinking and problem-solving skills. This study designs a series of simulation experiment teaching activities aimed at enhancing students' understanding of the structural characteristics of conjugated alkene molecules and their impact on molecular properties. Through case analysis, interactive discussions, and feedback evaluation, the study demonstrates the advantages of simulation experiments in improving student engagement, knowledge mastery, and practical abilities. Additionally, it points out the shortcomings of simulation experiments in terms of authenticity and technological dependence and proposes corresponding improvement suggestions. Finally, it emphasizes the importance of combining practical experimental operations with cultivating students' autonomous learning abilities, aiming to provide a more comprehensive strategy for structural chemistry teaching.

Effect of emotion management and nursing on patients with painless induced abortion after operation.

With an estimated 121 million abortions following unwanted pregnancies occurring worldwide each year, many countries are now committed to protecting women's reproductive rights. To analyze the impact of emotional management and care on anxiety and contraceptive knowledge mastery in painless induced abortion (IA) patients. This study was retrospective analysis of 84 patients with IA at our hospital. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into a control group and an observation group, with 42 cases in each group. Degree of pain, rate of postoperative uterine relaxation, surgical bleeding volume, and postoperative bleeding volume at 1 h between the two groups of patients; nursing satisfaction; and mastery of contraceptive knowledge were analyzed. After nursing, Self-Assessment Scale, Depression Self-Assessment Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Scale scores were 39.18 ± 2.18, 30.27 ± 2.64, 6.69 ± 2.15, respectively, vs 45.63 ± 2.66, 38.61 ± 2.17, 13.45 ± 2.12, respectively, with the observation group being lower than the control group (P < 0.05). Comparing visual analog scales, the observation group was lower than the control group (4.55 ± 0.22 vs 3.23 ± 0.41; P < 0.05). The relaxation rate of the cervix after nursing, surgical bleeding volume, and 1-h postoperative bleeding volumes were 25 (59.5), 31.72 ± 2.23, and 22.41 ± 1.23, respectively, vs 36 (85.7), 42.39 ± 3.53, 28.51 ± 3.34, respectively, for the observation group compared to the control group. The observation group had a better nursing situation (P < 0.05), and higher nursing satisfaction and contraceptive knowledge mastery scores compared to the control group (P < 0.05). The application of emotional management in postoperative care of IA has an ideal effect.

Optimization Analysis of Chinese Language Teaching Curriculum Strategies under the Constraint of Parallel Network Behavior

In the era of informatization, the rapid development of network technology has brought unprecedented changes to the field of education. Especially in the field of Chinese language teaching, the introduction of network technology not only enriches teaching methods, but also greatly expands students’ learning perspectives. However, the openness and diversity of the online environment have also brought many challenges to Chinese language teaching. How to optimize Chinese language teaching curriculum strategies under the constraints of parallel network behavior has become an urgent problem to be solved in the current education field. Traditional evaluation methods often focus on the level of knowledge mastery of students, while neglecting their learning behavior and abilities in the online environment. Therefore, we need to establish a diversified evaluation system that includes students’ internet behavior, information literacy, innovation ability and other aspects in the evaluation scope, in order to comprehensively reflect their language literacy and learning level. This paper proposes a series of innovative and optimized strategies for Chinese language teaching courses in the online environment, including promoting the “reverse classroom” teaching mode, utilizing online resources for situational teaching, stimulating students’ learning interest through online interactive platforms and establishing an effective teaching evaluation and feedback mechanism.

Students' Perspectives on the Use of Powtoon Learning Media in Learning Nahwu

Mastery of nahwu knowledge is the key to achieving proficiency and accuracy in language. Like a key that opens a door, nahwu opens the way for students to understand sentence structure, word functions, and meanings contained in Arabic. This study aims to evaluate students' responses to the use of Powtoon learning media in Nahwu learning at Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method with the subject of the study, namely class VIII tsanawiyah students at the Darul Falah Islamic Boarding School as many as 30 students with instruments in the form of questionnaires. The results showed that the majority of students, namely 75%, responded to the use of Powtoon with a very high level of satisfaction. They saw that this media was effective in increasing their understanding of Nahwu concepts, with a percentage of 77.47% stating so. Furthermore, around 75.87% of students also felt that Powtoon was relevant to the learning material they were learning, while 72% admitted that the use of Powtoon was able to increase their interest in learning Nahwu. In addition to these benefits, Powtoon has also been shown to contribute to an increase in students' confidence in learning Nahwu, with 71.73% of students feeling the increase. The findings of this study show that Powtoon has great potential as an interesting and effective alternative learning medium for Nahwu subjects, especially in the pesantren education environment. Thus, the implementation of Powtoon can not only enrich the student learning experience but also support better learning goals in the context of the Nahwu curriculum.

Project-Based Learning Model: Its Implication in The Initial Training of Mathematics Teachers

Objective: The objective of the study was to analyze the benefits of a study curriculum under the competency-based approach and to analyze the implications of the implementation of the project-based learning model in the initial training of mathematics teachers in the context of university higher education. Theoretical Framework: The concepts related to the project-based learning model, its characteristics, its phases and educational competencies in the twenty-first century are systematically addressed. The relevance of the curriculum under the competency approach in university education is also analyzed from a critical perspective. Method: The research approach was mixed, non-experimental design, 30 teachers and 54 students in initial training for mathematics teachers participated in the study; the data were collected through a Likert questionnaire, the analysis and interpretation of the results was carried out with the Minitab software, complemented with the information from the semi-structured interview applied to the teachers. Results and Discussion: On average, more than 77% of teachers and more than 72% of students who attended the study have a favorable opinion about the implementation of project-based learning (PBL) in university education; therefore, it favors and strengthens the development of mathematical skills and competencies in the initial training of mathematics teachers based on the realization of mathematicsof tasks and problem solving through collaborative activities for efficient learning of mathematical concepts and procedures. Research Implications: This research highlights the importance of the project-based learning model from the theoretical and practical perspective of competency-based curricular implementation. Theoretically, the concepts of project-based learning are deepened and contextualized, while the practical implication translates into collaborative work between students and the teacher in problem solving. Originality/Value: The findings value the PBL model as a viable alternative for the efficient initial training of secondary school mathematics teachers, with a broad mastery of conceptual, procedural and digital technology knowledge in problem solving.

Perceived Social Support as an Antecedent of Academic Achievement among form two Students in Gaborone City, Botswana

Academic achievement which is reflected in knowledge mastery, and Skill development has been a major concern for academicians and policy makers. Further, there have been scanty studies on this area in Gaborone City, Botswana linking psychological variables to poor academic achievement. It is against this that the current study investigated the relative predictive weight of perceived social support and student academic engagement on academic achievement. This study was founded on Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory and Albert Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory. A correlational research design was employed. The target population of the study was 3713 form two students spread across the 8 secondary schools in the Gaborone City Botswana. Purposive sampling, stratified sampling and simple random sampling techniques were used to select the study sample size of 397 respondents. The study used an adapted Multidimensional scale for perceived social support, an adapted cognitive engagement inventory and end-of-term-two examination results as tools for data collection. Prior to data collection, pilot testing was among 50 randomly selected students and involved both reliability and validity testing. The analysis was conducted using the SPSS software Version 26 where descriptive statistics, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, multiple regression were used. The prediction model of academic achievement from social support and academic engagement was statistically significant, F (2,381) = 11.17, p &lt; .001, with the two variables accounting for 11% of the change in academic achievement. Of the two, perceived social support (β = 0.24, p &lt; 001) was a better predictor of academic achievement as compared to academic engagement (β = 0.15, p &lt; .05). The findings of this study may have significance for learners, parents and teachers in addressing poor academic achievement. Keywords: Perceived Social Support, Academic Engagement, Academic Achievement, Form Two Students, Gaborone City, Botswana

Analysis of the Pedagogical Competency of Economics Teachers on the Learning Achievement of Eleventh-Grade Students at Muhammadiyah High School Maumere

The research aims to determine the pedagogical competence of economics teachers at SMA Muhammadiyah Maumere and to ascertain the impact of the pedagogical skills of economics teachers on the academic performance of eleventh-grade students. The research method employed is a qualitative approach, utilizing a case study methodology. The research subjects were economics teachers and high school eleventh-grade students. This research has primary and secondary data. Primary data in this research is from the results of interviews and student grades, while secondary data is from sources such as journals and other documents from volunteers involved in this research. The author collected data using observation, interview, and documentation techniques. Meanwhile, to analyze the data the author uses data reduction, organizing and processing data, interpreting data, and verifying and drawing conclusions. The findings of this research explain that the pedagogical competence of teachers at Muhammadiyah Maumere High School has mastered student character and everything related to learning tools, so the average student score has reached above the minimum criteria. Meanwhile, learning achievement is a change in behavior covering three aspects (cognitive, affective, and motoric) such as mastery, use, and assessment of various knowledge and skills as a result or result of the learning process with factors that influence it are stated in the form of grades given by teachers and teacher competency has a positive effect on student learning achievement, so the higher the teacher's competency, the higher the student learning achievement. Student learning outcomes have a positive influence because students can achieve the desired results. Teacher competency has a positive effect on students' learning outcomes through the student learning process, so it can be concluded that the higher the teacher's personality competency through the student learning process, the higher the student learning achievement.

Developing a BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory Learning, Post-assessment and Summary) model combined with the OBE (Outcome Based Education) concept to improve the teaching outcomes of higher education

The teaching objectives of traditional approaches in higher education emphasize mostly students’ mastery of knowledge and have insufficient directionality to social needs. In this study, we developed a BOPPPS (Bridge-in, Objectives, Pre-assessment, Participatory Learning, Post-assessment and Summary) teaching model combined with the OBE (Outcome Based Education) concept to enhance the teaching outcomes. Firstly, based on the graduation requirements and professional training objectives of students, we divided the course objectives into three dimensions (knowledge, ability and quality), and further specified into index points. Then, the teaching content of each chapter was set to correspond with the index points. Finally, the BOPPPS teaching model was used to meet each requirement. Clinical biochemistry testing course was used as a model to assess the effects of the teaching reform. After the class, the teaching effect was analyzed based on the questionnaire surveys from the students and their scores of both the chapter and final examinations. The results showed that compared with the traditional approach, the BOPPPS teaching model combined with the OBE concept has demonstrated a notable enhancement in student engagement, and significant improvement of their mastery of knowledge, application skills, and problem-solving abilities. The examination scores of the BOPPPS group were markedly higher than those of the traditional group. Moreover, the difference between the two groups diverse assessment scores was much bigger than that between the two group examination scores. Our study indicates that the BOPPPS teaching model combined with the OBE concept is a highly effective teaching model for enhancing the learning effectiveness of students.

Are Indonesian Teachers Ready to Face Disruptive Learning? A Case Study from Economic Teachers in East Java

The readiness of teachers facing the learning era must be investigated because teachers must be creative to improve student’s learning experiences. Using the TPACK framework, there is a complex relationship between teachers’ knowledge of technology, pedagogy, and content which in the research focuses on economics knowledge. Thus, this study has three objectives. First, to determine the ability, knowing their capacity in age and gender of high school/vocational teachers in East Java. The data were collected from 189 teachers in high schools/vocational in East Java. The collected data were analyzed using a descriptive quantitative method. The main findings revealed that 90% of teachers had high mastery of technology knowledge, nearly a 100% of teachers had high pedagogical competence, and the majority had moderate economics knowledge. Furthermore, based on gender and age, no significant difference was observed in technological knowledge, pedagogy competence, and economics knowledge in East Java high schools/vocational teachers. Keywords: learning, pedagogy, teacher, technology

Exploring Genre Awareness: L2 Learners’ Voices in Tertiary-Level Writing Contexts

This study explored tertiary-level L2 learners’ familiarization with genre-specific conventions in English writing skills. Employing a qualitative research paradigm, data were gathered via semi-structured interviews with 26 L2 learners. An inductive content analysis was conducted to elicit recurring codes and themes. The learners expressed strengths encompassing the recognition of genre-specific features, awareness of linguistic and organizational conventions in genre writing, and formality level. They highlighted the challenges in their orientation to genre identification, text organization, and genre-specific language choices. The learners established connections between these challenges and limited prior writing experience in L1 and L2 and their subsequent reliance on L2 formal knowledge. Further sources of challenges were linked to affective factors, language proficiency, genre convention mastery, and topic familiarity. They reported feeling anxious due to unfamiliarity with genre features, lack of interest in a given topic, inadequate pre-writing, and planning stage, the demanding nature of the process-genre writing instruction, and instructors’ expectations. They proposed suggestions regarding the mastery of lexical and grammatical knowledge, the provision of effective feedback from instructors to improve textual organization, and genre-specific language conventions. Accordingly, instructional implications for the cultivation of genre knowledge and awareness of tertiary-level writing skills are presented.

Chaotic time series prediction based on physics-informed neural operator

This paper investigates the prediction of chaotic time series using physics-informed neural operator (PINO) with different driven methods, such as data-driven method, physics-driven method, and hybrid data-physics-driven method. Here, the chaotic time series are generated from two classical time delayed chaotic systems, including Mackey–Glass equation (MG) and Optoelectronic Oscillator (OEO). The simulation results from these two chaotic systems or experimental results from Optoelectronic Oscillator demonstrate that when there is enough data with good quality, it is possible to train the model solely using data-driven method. Conversely, when possessing complete mastery of the physical prior knowledge, it is also available to train the model solely using physics-driven method, indicating there is no need to prepare label datasets as in data-driven method. However, when dataset quality is poor, for example, contaminated by noise, and precise physical prior knowledge is not fully acquired, the hybrid method will have a better performance.

Effectiveness of Oral Care in Implant Denture Restoration in Chronic Periodontitis

Objective: To explore the effect of observation of oral care in implant denture restoration of chronic periodontitis. Methods: 80 patients with chronic periodontitis implant denture restoration admitted from March 2022 to March 2023 in the hospital were selected. They were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, with 40 cases in each group. Both groups of patients received routine treatment and care. The patients in the control group used routine oral care methods to carry out oral care, the patients in the observation group carried out oral care on the basis of the control group, observation and analysis of the patients’ mastery of oral knowledge, as well as the depth of the probing and the level of clinical attachment. Results: The oral knowledge mastery of the observation group was 72.31 ± 6.98 after the nursing intervention, which was significantly higher than the score of 86.12 ± 7.36 of the patients in the control group who used conventional oral care, and the difference was statistically significant at P &lt; 0.05; the depth of probing and the clinical attachment level of the observation group were 2.43 ± 0.58 and 4.31 ± 0.86 respectively, which were significantly better than those of the control group. The depth of probing and clinical attachment level scores of the observation group were 2.99 ± 0.54 and 5.36 ± 1.02 respectively, and P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Conclusion: The combination of conventional treatment and oral care can effectively improve the treatment effect of implant denture prosthesis for chronic periodontitis. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the psychological counseling of the patients in the specific clinical application to ensure that the patients can actively cooperate with the clinical treatment.

Perceptions on Influence of Membership in Young Farmers Clubs on Career Interest and Participation in Agricultural Activities Among Secondary School Students in Nakuru North Sub-County, Nakuru County, Kenya

Young Farmers’ Club (YFC) activities globally have played a vital role in the mastery and attainment of knowledge in agriculture subject since it is best learned by use of practical activities. Increased youth participation in agricultural production is necessary and vital in facilitating food and nutritional security. In Kenya, Young Farmers Club of Kenya (YFCK) was established to help boys and girls to develop ideas for better farming, provide social and recreational activities, help give the necessary dignity to agriculture as an occupation and develop good and competent agricultural leadership. The objectives of YFCK included promoting interest in farming, sound training in advanced methods of crop and animal husbandly, leadership skills, self-reliance, self-confidence and responsibility. The purpose of this study was to determine the perception on influence of membership in young farmers clubs on career interest and participation in agricultural activities among day secondary schools students in Nakuru North sub-county. A descriptive survey design was adopted with a target population of 2,660 agriculture students and 32 agriculture teachers. Proportionate random sampling was used to select a sample of 120 respondents from the 19 day public schools. Data was collected from the sampled heads of agriculture subject using a questionnaire. Content validity of the instrument was ascertained by two panels of experts from Department of Agricultural Education and Extension and the supervisors. Reliability of the instruments was ensured through a pilot-test using 40 agriculture students and four agriculture teachers from Nakuru East Sub-county. The reliability of the instrument was tested using Cronbach Alpha coefficient. A reliability coefficient was 0.76 and 0.73 for YFCK members and Agriculture teachers respectively, at a significance level of α= 0.05. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive with the aid of SPSS 20.0 for Windows. Data was analysed using various tables and graphs. The researcher recommends that Agriculture teachers in collaboration with school administration should enhance YFCK activities. This is for proper and effective practical activities in teaching of Agriculture subject according to the syllabus. The findings of the study will be of importance to secondary school teachers, students and other scholars of higher institutions of learning by emphasizing in formation of young farmers clubs in day secondary schools in Nakuru North Sub- County, Nakuru County Kenya.

The effect of education with case-based scenario simulation on interns' proficiency in cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Introduction: this research examines the impact of case-based scenario simulation instruction on intern physicians' proficiency in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Objectives: to compare the effectiveness of conventional teaching methods versus case-based scenario simulation techniques on the CPR skills of intern doctors. Method: the study involved 62 intern doctors at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, divided into two groups of 31: control and observation. The instruction period lasted three months, with the control group receiving conventional teaching and the observation group using case-based scenario simulations. Post-instruction, the groups were assessed on course content, the impact of training, and satisfaction levels. Results: the observation group showed significantly better performance in theoretical knowledge, scenario simulation, and practical exams compared to the control group. The passing rates for chest compression, electric defibrillation exams, total mastery of theoretical knowledge, and overall practical competence were all higher in the observation group. Additionally, the overall satisfaction rate and evaluation of the teaching effect were significantly greater in the observation group. Conclusions: case-based scenario simulation teaching positively influences the CPR skills of intern doctors and is an effective method to improve teaching outcomes and trainee satisfaction

Exploration and Research on the "Dual Teacher" Classroom Teaching and Training Model

Classroom teaching is a key link in achieving talent cultivation goals. It is a necessary process to enhance students' professional knowledge and job competency. In the process of classroom teaching, teachers should arrange the content and process of teaching and training reasonably based on the differences in students, knowledge, and skills, research and explore effective classroom teaching and training models, and effectively improve the quality of classroom teaching and training. There are many factors that can improve the quality of classroom teaching, and one of the most important ones is how to guide students to follow the teacher's ideas and maintain their enthusiasm for learning. During classroom listening or training, one can engage in active thinking, interaction, and communication with the teaching teacher. In order to better improve the quality of classroom teaching and training, adapt to the new requirements of teaching and training in the new era, a "dual teacher" classroom teaching and training model is adopted for the same classroom. The main lecturer is responsible for imparting and teaching the main knowledge and skills. During the teaching process of the main lecturer, the auxiliary lecturer acts as a dual identity of both the teacher and the student in the classroom. At key teaching stages and knowledge points, they timely guide students to learn and think through various means, so that students can deepen their understanding and mastery of knowledge and skills.

Application of data-driven blended online-offline teaching in medicinal chemistry for pharmacy students: a randomized comparison

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of implementing a data-driven blended online-offline (DDBOO) teaching approach in the medicinal chemistry course.MethodsA total of 118 third-year students majoring in pharmacy were enrolled from September 2021 to January 2022. The participants were randomly assigned to either the DDBOO teaching group or the traditional lecture-based learning (LBL) group for medicinal chemistry. Pre- and post-class quizzes were administered, along with an anonymous questionnaire distributed to both groups to assess students’ perceptions and experiences.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the pre-class quiz scores between the DDBOO and LBL groups (T=-0.637, P = 0.822). However, after class, the mean quiz score of the DDBOO group was significantly higher than that of the LBL group (T = 3.742, P < 0.001). Furthermore, the scores for learning interest, learning motivation, self-learning skill, mastery of basic knowledge, teamwork skills, problem-solving ability, innovation ability, and satisfaction, as measured by the questionnaire, were significantly higher in the DDBOO group than in the traditional group (all P < 0.05).ConclusionThe DDBOO teaching method effectively enhances students’ academic performance and satisfaction. Further research and promotion of this approach are warranted.

Research on the Pathways for Innovative Cultural Development of University Music Courses Based on Music Education Concepts

In order to improve the music education in colleges and universities for cultivating students' comprehensive quality and enriching students' cultural literacy. In this paper, firstly, we optimize the music teaching mode, based on the theory of multiple intelligences and centered on the characteristics of students' intelligence structure, we innovate the teaching mode of music courses in colleges and universities, and emphasize the authenticity and context of the teaching environment. Secondly, the ant colony algorithm is used to find the optimal solution of music course classroom-time. In the solution process, hard constraints and soft constraints are considered to set up a class schedule that teachers and students are satisfied at the same time. Next, the optimal results of music course scheduling without and with conflicts are calculated. The traditional teaching model was set as a control class, and the final validation found that the experimental class scored the highest 90.2 ± 9.4 for music knowledge mastery and was statistically significant. In terms of music composition and music understanding, the experimental class fully agreed with 43% and 48%, higher than 41.0% and 40% of the control class, and the innovative music teaching content was above the students' psychological acceptability, with an average cultural satisfaction score of 4.2487 and an average cultural recommendation score of 4.5347. Therefore, colleges and universities should base their curriculum on the concept of music education, constantly explore and innovate, improve the rationality of curriculum arrangement, and promote the dissemination and development of music culture.

Efektivitas Hubungan Kerja Guru di SDN 4 Asparaga Kabupaten Gorontalo

The effectiveness of work relationships is a factor that plays an important role in organizational activities, it needs to be fostered and developed so that organizational goals can be achieved effectively. Organizational goals will be achieved if the organization has reliable, skilled and qualified human resources so that they can provide optimal contributions and improve work performance. Both for organizations, society and employees themselves. The effectiveness of work relations is a person's positive attitude or general condition towards organizational life. The approach in this research is to use an associative approach. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative. Data collection was carried out using observation and interview techniques. Based on the research results, there are several things that are used to measure a person's work effectiveness, namely (1) steady and smooth movements, (2) rhythmic movements, (3) responding more quickly to signs, (4) being able to predict difficulties that will arise, (5) ) works quietly. Thus, it can be concluded that (1) the effectiveness of employment relations is the level of a person's mastery of knowledge and skills in their work which can be measured from the length of service and the level of knowledge and skills they possess. Various efforts to fulfill teachers' needs to be good have been carried out quite well at SDN 4 Asparaga, Gorontalo Regency, (2) supporting factors for the effectiveness of teacher working relationships at SDN 4 Asparaga, Gorontalo Regency in the form of fulfilling several needs, namely physiological needs, security needs, social needs, Needs that reflect a sense of self, and teacher self-actualization needs.