Post-test Knowledge Research Articles

Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program on Self-care for Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in a Selected Community at Tumkur

Aim: The aim of this study is to find the Effectiveness of planned teaching program (PTP) on self-care for patients with diabetes mellitus in a selected community at Tumkur.Materials and Methods: The investigation was quantitative. This study used a non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design. The study took place at Kaivara. This study includes all Kaivara diabetics. Data were collected from 30 diabetics. This study used purposive sampling methods. Data analysis makes use of both inferential (paired and unpaired “t” tests) and descriptive (mean, standard deviation, frequency, and percentage) statistics.Result: Group I patients had pre- and post-test knowledge scores of 18–60 and 84–101. For Group I, the mean knowledge score after the test (93.67) was higher than the mean score before the test (33.8). The “t” value for Group I (“t” = 22.10) demonstrated a notable change, demonstrating PTP increased diabetic patients’ understanding. Group I patients’ self-care practice scores also changed significantly. Group I patients’ pre-test and post-test self-care practice scores were 22–56 and 63–75. Mean post-test score for self-care (70.53) was greater than pre-test. The Group I “t” value (16.19) demonstrated a significant difference, demonstrating that PTP increases diabetes mellitus patients’ self-care practices. The mean post-test knowledge score on frequent check-ups, exercise, and food (97, 98.92, and 98.38) was significantly greater than the score on the pre-test following PTP. The mean percentage of self-care practice score for medications (96.67) and skin care (99.13) increased significantly for Group I.Conclusion: The experimental and control groups had substantial differences in post-test self-care and knowledge scores, proving that individual-planned teaching program work

The Impact of Racism on Health: A Health Equity Training on Structural Racism for Military Residents and Fellows.

Recognizing the need for more opportunities to learn about health equity within military graduate medical education (GME), we developed a resident-led curriculum to introduce these concepts from a military cultural competency lens. The Impact of Racism on Health module focuses on structural racism and health disparities. This 60-minute module was presented to ear, nose, and throat (ENT) and pediatrics residents and fellows. It includes a case presentation of an adolescent with an asthma exacerbation, a large-group discussion about social determinants of health and structural racism, and a small-group discussion/debrief conceptualizing the case. Thirty pediatrics residents and 15 ENT residents participated in this activity with a 46% and 60% pretest response rate, respectively. A two-sample Mann-Whitney U test showed statistically significant improvement (p = .005) in knowledge related to structural racism between the pretest (M = 0.5, SD = 0.3) and posttest (M = 0.7, SD = 0.1) knowledge assessments with a small effect size (r = 0.4; Z = 2.8). We demonstrated that interactive teaching methods can be used to educate military GME trainees on the impact of structural racism on health outcomes for military health care beneficiaries. Understanding the role of structural racism in the context of military health care using curricula that highlight military-specific health disparities is essential to understanding the role of the military physician in systemically addressing health disparities.

Effectiveness of planned health education on knowledge regarding HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In various parts of the world, mainly in developing nations, co-infection with HIV and tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health concern. Commonly HIV-TB co-infection is related to a lack of knowledge on TB among people surviving with HIV. Hence, the particular research study is done to know the effectiveness of planned health education on HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: “Nonrandomized controlled trail design” (before and after trial) was used for the study. Written permission was granted from hospital authorities and written consent was obtained from HIV patients after explaining the study and its objectives. Data were collected from 80 HIV-positive patients using a purposive sampling technique. These patients were interviewed for their knowledge of HIV-TB co-infection, followed by health teaching was delivered. After 8 days of health education, a posttest was carried out using the same tool. RESULTS: It was showed that pretest mean knowledge scores were 4.18 with a 1.97 standard deviation (SD), whereas posttest mean knowledge scores were 7.58 with a 2.12 SD. The obtained paired t-value was 10.31, which at the 0.05 level was statistically significant and revealed that health education was effective in improving HIV patients’ knowledge scores. CONCLUSION: The present research study concluded that the health teaching program was effective in improving knowledge scores regarding HIV-TB co-infection among HIV patients. Hence, there is an urgent need to educate HIV patients on the prevention of HIV-TB co-infection.

Efficacy of Stroke Empowerment Program on Stroke Knowledge among Caregivers with Stroke Survivors

Background: Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes, are the leading cause of mortality in the world. This invisible epidemic is an under-appreciated cause of poverty and hinders the economic development of many countries. The burden is growing − the number of people, families, and communities afflicted is increasing. Aim: To determine the efficacy of the stroke empowerment program (SEP) on knowledge among caregivers of patients with stroke. To associate the knowledge of stroke with the demographic variables of caregivers. Methods: A quantitative research method was adopted. Caregivers of patients with stroke who fulfill eligibility criteria were chosen. The sample size was 85 caregivers in the study, and 85 caregivers in the control groups were recruited by the lottery method. SEP was implemented for the study group caregivers. The posttest assessments were taken on the 30th, 90th, and 180th days for both groups. Results: The comparison of knowledge on stroke between the study and control group caregivers during the pretest, the mean scores were 6.35 in the study group and 6.89 in the control group, and statistically, there was no significant difference in the pretest. The posttest knowledge mean score was 11.46, 11.68, and 11.52 in the study group and 7.42, 7.58, and 7.48 in the control group during posttests I, II, and III, respectively. The mean score was higher in the study group than the control group caregivers during posttests and was statistically significant at the P < 0.01 level. Conclusion: Findings concluded that the combination of interventions like structured teaching, an information booklet on “Life after stroke,” telephonic reminders, and reinforcement has a positive impact on stroke knowledge among caregivers of stroke survivors.

Modification of Life Style in Myocardial Infarction Clients in Selected Hospitals at Guntur District

Heart disease is responsible for more deaths and disability among both males and females than any other killer and it is quickly establishing itself as the leading cause of death and disability. Furthermore, the incidence of heart disease is spreading worldwide. Asian countries adopt a more sedentary Westernized lifestyle, together with a high fat, high salt diet and processed foods that have come to be associated with technological offence, researchers are noticing that Western diseases are becoming more prevalent causes of death in Asia. Objectives: To assess pretest knowledge regarding lifestyle modification for the prevention of myocardial infarction to evaluate cardiac patients' posttest knowledge of lifestyle modifications to prevent myocardial infarction by administering a structured teaching program to them. To assess the effectiveness of a structured teaching programme by comparing pre and post-test scores to see if there is a correlation between certain demographic characteristics of cardiac patients and knowledge. Results: Among 60 patients 47 (78.3%) had inadequate knowledge, 13 (21.7%) had moderately adequate knowledge and 0(0%) had adequate knowledge in the pre-test. Among 60 patients 0(0%) had inadequate knowledge, 7(11.7%) had moderate adequate knowledge and 53(88.3%) had adequate knowledge in the post-test. Among 60 patients 52 (86.7%) had poor practice,8 (13.3%) had average practice and 0(0%) had a good level of practice in the pre-test. Among 60 clients 0(0%) had poor practice, 2(3.3%) had average practice and 58 (96.7%) had good practice levels in the post-test. In the pre-test, the mean value is 10.28 with a standard deviation of 6.31 and the mean percentage is 34.6%. In the post-test, the mean value is 24.40 with a standard deviation of 4.02 and the mean percentage is 81.3%. The calculated value t=18.7241 is the tabulated value at the level of t59=2.000. The calculated value is more than the tabulated value. The post-test value is greater than the pre-test value hence there is a high significance of improvement of knowledge levels in the post-test. In the pre-test, the mean value is 3.77 with a standard deviation of 1.88 and the mean percentage is 37.7% in post-test the mean value is 8.13 with a standard deviation of 1.08 and the mean percentage is 81.3%. The calculated value t= 12.5887 at the level t59 the tabulated value is 2.000 hence, the calculated value is more than the tabulated value. The post-test mean score is higher than the pre-test value so there is a high significance in post-practice levels.

The effectiveness of the stroke sign by sticker: Enhancing stroke knowledge among village health volunteers in community care.

Stroke is a global and Thai concern. Village Health Volunteers (VHVs) are vital in community healthcare but lack stroke knowledge. Prior efforts to improve their knowledge were ineffective. The "Stroke Sign by Sticker" application was created to enhance VHV literacy. To evaluate the effectiveness of the "Stroke Sign by Sticker" line application in enhancing stroke awareness among VHVs. The study was conducted in a health community setting using a quasi-experimental design. The study was conducted within a healthcare community in Thailand. The "Stroke Sign by Sticker" mobile application was developed specifically for the LINE platform. The knowledge scores were measured using a tool that demonstrated a high validity coefficient of. 93. The intervention itself lasted for 3 weeks. The entire process, from the development of the mobile application to the assessment of its effectiveness, took place during the period of 2021-2022. The R program was used to implement the analysis of covariance method for adjusting pretest scores as a covariate. A total of 60 participants were included, with half assigned to the experimental group and the other half to the control group. The post-test knowledge scores were the main outcome measure of interest. The results showed a significant effect of the independent variable, with the experimental group exhibiting a higher mean knowledge score compared to the control group (F = 24.26, P < .001). The "Stroke Sign by Sticker" line application demonstrated its effectiveness in promoting stroke knowledge among VHVs, underscoring its potential as a valuable tool for health promotion and education within healthcare settings.

Educational intervention on perceived stress among adults with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: a non-randomized clinical trial.

To evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Teaching (VT) Programme regarding palliative care on knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel working in selected hospitals of North India. A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design was conducted on 121 Nursing Personnel, selected by convenient sampling technique. Knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude were assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire, Palliative Care Self-efficacy Scale, and Frommelt Attitudes toward care of dying scale respectively. Nursing personnel in experimental group received Virtual Teaching Programme regarding palliative care whereas those in comparison group received conventional teaching (CT). The study included a pre-test followed by the teaching (virtual/ conventional) on day one. The post-test was conducted on 15th day after the intervention. The results showed that there was a significant difference in mean post-test knowledge (VT group: 17.11 to CT group: 25.05; t=9.25, p<0.001), self-efficacy (VT group: 39.27 to CT group: 43.38; t=6.39, p<0.001) and attitude (VT group: 108.86 to CT group: 133.23; t=9.27, p<0.001) scores between virtual teaching group and conventional teaching group. ANCOVA test revealed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge [F (1.11) = 86.61, p<0.001], self-efficacy [F (1.11) = 841.75, p<0.001] and attitude [F (1.11) = 82.92, p<0.001] between the groups, with higher means obtained in the CT group. Virtual Teaching programme and Conventional teaching both were effective in enhancing the knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel regarding palliative care with conventional teaching being more effective.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Self Instructional Module (SIM) on Knowledge and Attitude Regarding Breast Cancer Among Late Adolescents Studying in Selected Degree Colleges at Dharwad, Karnataka

Background Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer in women. The knowledge and attitude of breast cancer is poor among adolescents. The present study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude among late adolescents on breast cancer to develop self-instruction module and to determine effectiveness of self instruction module in improving the knowledge and attitude.Methods A evaluatory approach using one group pre-test post-test design was adopted. A sample of 335 adolescents was selected using purposive sampling technique from the selected degree colleges of Dharwad. The designed tool showed content validity index of 0.89 reliability ofnbsp knowledge 0.90 and attitude 0.88. The pretest was conducted to assess the knowledge and attitude among late adolescents regarding breast cancer using a designed tool following which self-instruction module was administered. Following this post-test was conducted after thirty days using the same designed tool and the data was collected in the form of scores. The obtained scores were tabulated and computed using SPSS 20.0 version software for statistic analysis.Results The study found that mean pretest knowledge and attitude scores were less than mean post-test knowledge and attitude scores and mean enhancement in knowledge and attitude was 41.46 and 47.25 respectively. The study revealed the effectiveness of the self-instruction module on knowledge and attitude scores to be 33.54 and 29.95 for 334 degrees of freedom with P lt0.001. The knowledge and attitude levels improved to adequate knowledge and good attitude towards breast cancer. Further the study found significant association between all the socio-demographic variables except age and found no significant correlation between pretest knowledge and attitude scores.Conclusion The study found that the self-instruction module was effective in improving the knowledge and attitude and found significant association of pretest knowledge and attitude scores with selected demographic variables. The study concluded that the self-instruction module can bring significant awareness among population and recommended that more evidenced based research must be conducted to bring awareness about breast cancer among large groups.

Learning Package Outcome on Sibling Rivalry Management among Parents

Sibling rivalry is one of humanity’s oldest problems. By “sibling rivalry” we mean the antagonism or hostility between brothers or sisters which manifests it in circumstances such as in the common children’s family fights. Therefore, present study aims to assess the effectiveness of Planned Teaching Program (PTP) on knowledge regarding sibling rivalry and its management among parents in selected community area. Pre experimental one group pre-test and post-test research design was selected to conduct the study. 60 Parents of siblings were selected for this study by using purposive sampling technique. Result revealed that 71.7% parents scored inadequate knowledge, 28.3% moderate knowledge in pre-test while in post-test 21.7% scored adequate knowledge level, 73.3% moderately adequate knowledge and 5% scored inadequate knowledge regarding sibling rivalry and its management. The overall mean percentage of the pre-test and post-test knowledge scores was 41.55%, and 67% respectively and mean difference was 8.650 and ‘t’ value 26.275 was found significant. It shows that learning package was effective in improvement of knowledge level regarding sibling rivalry and its management among parents. Socio demographic variables like age, sex, religion family income, number of children and education were significantly associated with the pretest knowledge score of the parents. Conclusion: The study concluded that learning package was effective in improvement of knowledge level among parents about sibling rivalry.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Program on Knowledge and Practice Regarding Warm Chain in the Prevention of Hypothermia in Newborn Babies among Staff Nurses in Selected Hospital in Jaipur

Abstract: Thermal protection of the newborn is a series of measures taken at birth and in the first days of life to ensure that the newborn does not become either cold or overheated and maintains a normal body temperature of 36.5—37.50C. The newborn cannot regulate its temperature as well as an adult. The poor utilization of this care arises in many high-risk cases and sometimes it leads to the death of newborns. So the present study aim at knowledge and practice regarding warm chain in the prevention of hypothermia in newborn babies among staff nurse. Design/methodology/approach: The experimental research design was used for the study Information can be gathered by direct questioning and through observation method ( 60 samples) of staff nurses. The data were analyzed through chi-square by using pre-test and post-test knowledge. Findings: the findings show the significant influence of demographic variables in terms of age, gender, professional qualification, professional experience, experience in the labor room, working department, and previous knowledge Research limitations: the study was limited to hospitals of Jaipur with limited demographic variables.

The Effect of Nursing Care Documentation Training Based on Indonesian Nursing Standards

Background: Maintain accurate and full nursing documentation to meet patient safety criteria. Evidence links nurse documentation to the hospital setting. Nursing documentation is impacted by patient load, lack of time, and skill and training.Purpose: This study examines the effectiveness of nursing documentation training based on Indonesian Nursing Standards (Diagnosis, Outcome, and Intervention) on nurses' knowledge.Methods: The research method is quasi-experimental with a pre-test post-test design for a single group. Participants in this study are 150 nurses from state-owned hospitals in Jember Regency, East Java. Total sampling was employed as the sampling approach. Data were analyzed using univariate frequency distribution, and bivariate analysis using paired t-test.Results: The average pre-test knowledge was 37.95 and the average post-test knowledge was 66.51. The p-value for the t-test analysis of the data was 0.000 ( 0.05).Conclusions: Effective nursing documentation training enhances nurses' abilities to document nursing care in accordance with the Indonesian Nursing Standards (diagnosis, outcome, and intervention).

Health Education and Physical Exercise as a Means to Reduce Fatigue Level and Stress For Academician in the International Islamic University Malaysia

Abstract. College students are population that is prone to health problems. They have high frequency of learning activities, but they rarely add the activities with exercise affecting on the emergence of fatigue and stress. Based on the results of a survey on fatigue and stress levels of students at IIUM, it was found that 30% of them felt mild fatigue and 70% felt moderate fatigue. For stress levels, it is obtained that 40% of the students experienced moderate stress, and 30% experienced mild stress. This condition is not realized and if it continues, it will reduce the health status of the IIUM campus residents. So, efforts are needed to improve their health status. Community service activities have been carried out are by providing health education about the impact of work on fatigue and stress, followed by the practice of light physical exercise. The goals set include increasing knowledge about work stress and fatigue, reducing fatigue levels and reducing stress levels for IIUM campus residents. The participants who attended were 36 people. The results of the pre-test and post-test for knowledge about fatigue and stress was that almost all participants experienced a significant increase. The average value of the pre-test and post-test for the level of fatigue was 47.77, increasing to 94.72. For knowledge about stress, the average pre-test and post-test scores were 49.72 to 96.11. This community service shows that in the implementation of formal education in the classroom, having a risk of causing serious health problems, so that students and other campus residents are given informal educational content in the form of casual activities outside the classroom.

The Influence of Balanced Nutrition Education on The Knowledge of Posyandu Cadres in Preventing Stunting

Childhood stunting, a persistent public health concern in Indonesia, has significant implications for long-term health. Improving the knowledge of balanced nutrition among Posyandu cadres plays a pivotal role in tackling this issue. Our objective was to assess the impact of balanced nutrition education on Posyandu cadre knowledge concerning stunting prevention. The research involved 129 participants and evaluated their knowledge through pretest and posttest scores, employing the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test for statistical analysis. The results indicated that the majority of respondents initially possessed "sufficient" and "good" knowledge levels. However, following the educational intervention, a remarkable 69.8% achieved "good" knowledge, with a minimal 0.8% showing "insufficient" knowledge. The statistical analysis further revealed a significant disparity between pretest and posttest knowledge scores, underscoring the substantial and beneficial impact of balanced nutrition education. In conclusion, this research confirms the positive influence of nutrition education on Posyandu cadre knowledge. The findings emphasize the urgency of sustained, accessible nutritional education programs supported by government and healthcare institutions. Such efforts are imperative for effective stunting prevention, especially in high-stunting regions like East Nusa Tenggara.

Impact of a Structured Training Program Regarding Care of Patients with Chest Tube Drainage in Terms of Knowledge and Practices of Nurses Working in a Tertiary Care Cancer Center in North India

Introduction: A chest tube (hollow, flexible drainage tube) placement is a procedure in which a tube is inserted by an aseptic technique through the side of the chest wall into the pleural space. The complication rate in patients with ICD has been found high, resulting from inadequate knowledge of thoracic anatomy or/and insufficient clinical training and experience. Objective: Assessing the efficacy of a structured Clinical training program regarding the care of patients with chest tube drainage, assessing existing and gained knowledge and practices level, and finding the association between the sociodemographic variables and knowledge and practices. Material and Methods: In this Prospective study, 200 nurses participated in the study; pre-test and Post-test research designs were applied in this study. Data collection was done by using of probability random sampling technique. Result: The Pre-test Mean knowledge score was 8.77 with a standard deviation of 2.08 and the Mean practical knowledge score was 7.6 with a standard deviation of 2. When participants' knowledge and practices were checked before the training program, 58 % (116) subjects had Good Knowledge, 22.5 % (45) had average knowledge, 17.5 % (35) had excellent knowledge, and 2 % (4) had poor knowledge scores. When participants' practical knowledge was checked before the training program, 49 % (98) subjects had good practice scores, 43 % (86) had average practice scores, 5.5 % (11) had excellent practice scores, and 2.5 % (5) had poor practice scores. Posttest mean knowledge score was 10.56 with a standard deviation of 1.86. Posttest mean Practical knowledge score was 10.57 with a standard deviation of 2.26. After the structured clinical training program, 57.5 % (23) had an adequate knowledge score, 40 % (16) had a moderate level of knowledge score, and 2.5 % (1) had inadequate knowledge. After the structured clinical training program, 50 % (100) had an excellent practice score and 42 % (84) had a good practice score, and 8 % (16) had an average practice score. An association was found between existing knowledge score and marital status, between post-test knowledge and Religion as calculated p-values of the Fisher Exact test that is 0.036, 0.017 is smaller than the alpha value 0.05. In the Practical Knowledge score, an association between pre-test practice scores and the number of previous ICD training was found, as the calculated p-value of the fisher Exact test 0.04 was smaller than the alpha value of 0.05. Conclusions: In the care of a patient who has an Inter-costal chest tube, need much attention as comparing other, because the handling of the ICD tube and bag, emptying of a bag, and transportation of the ICD patient need careful action. In our study, we found that existing knowledge and Practice of ICD care procedures are not satisfactory with the traditional teaching approach, bedside clinical training is a beneficial approach that will significantly improve the Knowledge and Knowledge in practice. Keywords: ICD Care, Intercostal drainage, Chest tube care, Thoracic tube care

BUILDING FOUNDATIONAL COMPETENCIES IN OLDER ADULT MENTAL HEALTH: VIRTUAL AND IN-PERSON TRAINING

Abstract Designed to develop foundational knowledge competencies for generalist clinicians, this program was created by a team of geropsychologists, geriatric social workers, geriatric psychiatrists, and neuropsychologists, who reviewed competencies of multiple mental health disciplines, and identified 14 key areas of knowledge for clinicians. Content was created by Rush faculty, externally peer-reviewed, and developed into two versions. The 14-hour online version includes knowledge checks and national expert videos to provide multiple perspectives and voices of experience. Of the first 176 learners in the online version, 96.8% rated the overall program as excellent, with strong agreement (97.4 – 98.3%) that the training was applicable to practice, expectations were met, and learners had intention to apply the knowledge. All learners are required to achieve a minimum of 75% on knowledge post-test to complete each module. The three-day in-person program provided 25 diverse clinicians representing every HHS region with didactic content, interactive exercises, discussion, and a simulated patient experience to practice skills with live expert feedback. Participants demonstrated 14% improvement in knowledge (p&amp;lt;.01). Didactic lectures were rated 100% extremely or very helpful; 82% rated group learning exercises extremely helpful; 100% rated the simulation lab as extremely or very helpful. Balance between activities and match with learning style were rated good to very good. All participants rated the likelihood of recommending the program to a colleague as extremely or very likely. Evaluation of skill implementation is ongoing. Implications for expanding generalist competencies in older adult mental health will be discussed.

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Breast Self-examination among Adolescent Girls in Selected College, Guwahati, Assam

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in Indian women second only to cancer cervix. It is the most frequent cancer among women, impacting 2.1 million women each year. It is a group of diseases in which the cells in breast tissue changes and divide uncontrolled, typically resulting in a lump or mass. Breast self-examination is an important screening measure for detecting breast cancer. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study is to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on breast self-examination among adolescent girls in selected College, Guwahati, Assam. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pre-experimental one group pre-test post-test design was adopted for the study. In this study, 60 adolescent girls of 11th standard Arts Stream, Handique Girls’ College were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The tools used for the study were demographic variables, knowledge questionnaire on breast self-examination. The analysis was done by using descriptive and inferential statistics in terms of frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired ‘t’ test and chi square. RESULTS: The findings of the study revealed that the post-test knowledge score (18.36) was significantly higher than the pre-test mean knowledge score(10.65) as evidenced by t=16.31 (p&lt;0.001) and tabulated value of t59 was 2.00 at 0.001 level of significance, which represents the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on breast self-examination. It also revealed that there was significant association between pre-test knowledge score and selected demographic variables of educational level of father and educational level of mother. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that the structured teaching program was effective in enhancing the knowledge of adolescent girls on breast self-examination.

A Study to Assess Effectiveness of Planned Health Education on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Selected Non-Communicable Diseases among Women Attending Mahila Sangha Meeting At Selected Urban Area Kolar

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are a major health problem in the world, more than two out of three deaths are due to NCDs. More than one in two deaths in India (60%) are because of NCDs. A large proportion of NCDs is preventable if correct information is provided by healthcare workers at the right time to practice a healthy lifestyle which in turn reduces their risk for NCDs. Hence, Women form an important pillar and are the primary nurturer of society, the study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of structured health education regarding the prevention of selected non-communicable disease among women. For the present study Quasi-experimental including one group pretest and post test design was used. First ethical clearance obtained and written permission was obtained from Director, (SKDRD) Shree Kshethra Dharmasthala rural development project B.C, Trust, Kolar. Through a convenient sampling technique using inclusion criteria, 30 women were selected, after taking written consent from the women, they were assessed through an interview schedule for knowledge of non-communicable diseases' prevention, followed by structured health education administered. Post-test was conducted after 30 days utilizing the same tool. The study revealed the mean score of knowledge in the pretest was 11.1 accompanied by SD of 1.6 whereas the mean score of knowledge in post-test was 13.6 accompanied by SD of 2.0. The obtained paired‘t’ value — 9.53 denote that planned health education was effective in improve knowledge score among women at 0.05 level of significance. Study divulged women were lacking knowledge but after planned health education their knowledge score was improved to 2.5 and this also was supported by studies. Hence, the study deduced that planned health education was significantly effective in enhancing knowledge scores among women regarding the prevention of selected non-communicable diseases. Keywords: Non­communicable diseases (NCDs), Prevention, knowledge, women, effectiveness of planned health education

Knowledge of Primary School Teachers Regarding First Aid for Selected Common Injuries in Selected Schools in Bangalore

Every parent will take various measures and actions to keep their child safe and protect them from injury. Especially when they are not around them, like in schools and daycare. Children are spending more time at school; thus, teachers are responsible for their health. School teachers should know that first aid and primary school children come under an endangered group, which means that they are more prone to injuries. The study’s objective was to reveal primary school teachers’ knowledge regarding first aid in selected Bangalore schools and determine the efficiency of a structured teaching program on knowledge regarding first aid. A pre-experimental pre–post-test design was preferred for this study. The sample consisted of 52 primary school teachers selected using purposive sampling. The score was acquired through self-administered questionnaires using baseline Performa and questionnaires to measure the primary school teachers’ knowledge in selected schools in Bangalore, India. Among the 52 participants, 48.1% have poor knowledge, and 51.9% have moderate knowledge. All 100% of the subjects were female teachers, with a pre-test mean knowledge score of 14.52% and a post-test score of 22.63%. The obtained p-value of the mean difference between the pre and post-test is less than 0.001. It is concluded that there is a high relationship between primary and post-test knowledge scores of primary school teachers concerning first aid. The teacher’s negligence of the students and their failure to look after the child during school hours is the main reason for the cause of accidents at school. Proper first aid knowledge is important for those teachers to prevent further complications of accidents. It is concluded that a structured teaching programme among those school teachers will help improve their awareness and competency in the prevention and management of First aid.

Effectiveness of Nurse’s Knowledge and Practices Program Toward Care of Patient Undergoing Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Abstract&#x0D; Objective : the aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nurse’s practices and knowledge program toward care of patient with cardiopulmonary bypass .Methodology: A pre-experimental design (one group pretest- posttest design) was used to carry out this study in three governmental hospitals in Baghdad ( Iraqi Centre for Heart Diseases , Ibn – Albitar Centre for Cardiac Surgery and Ibn – Alnafees Centre for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery ) for the period from 15th of May 2022 into 20th of April 2023.The construction and development of the program and instruments had carry out by the researcher to measured the purposes of the study , twenty two nurses was purposively assigned for the study group . The study instrument consisted from three parts ,socio – demographic data that consist from ( 4 ) items , knowledge part that consist from ( 25 ) items , and observational checklist for practices part that consist from ( 26 ) items . Descriptive and inferential statistics was used to analyse the study data .Results : The results of the study presented that effect of nurses practices and knowledge program toward care of patient with cardiopulmonary bypass was positive with highly significant level between pretest and posttest for knowledge and practices. Conclusion :Nursing care for the patient with cardiopulmonary bypass have been improved related to the enhancement of nursing staff knowledge and practices toward cardiopulmonary bypass.Recommendations : The study recommended to apply this program as apart of continues education in hospital that perform cardiac surgery in Iraq , also encourage the ministry of health to provide educational programs that depending on standards guidelines and advanced research on cardiopulmonary bypass .&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Pengaruh Video Edukasi Berbahasa Banjar terhadap Pengetahuan dan Sikap terkait Antibitoik pada Perempuan

Inappropriate use of antibiotics due to lack of understanding and public knowledge is one of the causes of antibiotic resistance. Providing education via video to the public is a strategy that can be used to increase knowledge about the use of antibiotics. This study aims to assess the effect of providing local language educational videos about antibiotics and their use on increasing the knowledge and attitudes of women living in the Banjar Regency area, South Kalimantan. This research is Quasi-experimental research with a pretest posttest intervention with a control group research design using a purposive sampling technique and an intervention in the form of educational videos in the Banjar language. A valid and reliable questionnaire was used to assess knowledge and behavior in using antibiotics. Analysis of changes in knowledge and behavior scores between the control and intervention groups was carried out with the Mann-Whitney test. The number of respondents involved in the study was 80 women who were divided into a control group (40 people) and an intervention group (40 people). The results showed that the average pre-test and post-test knowledge scores in the control group (7.58 ± 1.81 and 7.85 ± 2.11) and the intervention group (7.33 ± 2.30 and 8.78 ± 2.93) with a significance value of p = 0.026. The mean scores of pre-test and post-test behavior in the control group (6.03 ± 2.60 and 6.15 ± 2.70) and the intervention group (6.33 ± 2.37 and 7.50 ± 2.05) with a significance value of p = 0.016. It can be concluded that providing educational videos in Banjar language can increase Females knowledge and behavior in using antibiotics in Banjar Regency.