Knowledge City Research Articles

Innovation Centric Knowledge Commons—A Systematic Literature Review and Conceptual Model

Commons theory is one of the influential economic theories that study the governance of shared resources, including knowledge. This paper provides a comprehensive view of the application of the concept of the commons towards supporting innovation in the Knowledge Management (KM) literature. A systematic literature review identified forty-four (44) relevant research papers discussed the commons published in twenty-three (23) high-impact KM journals. The research found that the application of commons in KM literature covers diverse areas, including Intellectual Property, Knowledge Cities, and Industrial Commons, that are related to innovation. The study found that extant literature does not adequately address innovation-centric knowledge. To address the gap, a conceptual model is presented to apply the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework to Open Innovation.

Nutritional knowledge among a large cohort of Italian students: a cross-sectional study.

Healthy food behavior among adolescents represents a prevention factor for the onset of chronic diseases in adult life and is influenced by the familiar, socio-cultural and physical environment. Good nutritional knowledge plays a key role in ensuring healthy eating, that is adequate food choice and intake. This study aimed to assess the nutritional knowledge of Italian students from three Italian provinces of the Lazio Region (i.e., Rome, Frosinone, Latina) and to investigate its interrelationship with some socio-demographic characteristics (physical activity, parental education, school district city, BMI) of the surveyed subjects. Students (n = 2573) were surveyed for their nutritional knowledge through the Italian version of the Moynihan questionnaire and for their socio-demographic characteristics. The relationship between their nutritional knowledge and their socio-demographic characteristics was investigated by univariate and multivariate statistical analyses. Most participants displayed a normal weight (84%), followed by overweight (14%) and underweight (2%) subjects. Most students (44%) practiced physical activity at least twice a week. Most students (75%) reported a high family education level. Sixty percent of the subjects showed inadequate knowledge about healthy nutrition. A significant association (p<0.001) was observed between nutritional knowledge and school district city. Educational nutrition programs should be promoted to improve nutritional knowledge among young people and reduce the risk of chronic disease development.

Mikrokapcsolók tönkremeneteli eredményeinek elemzése

A cikk célja, az EFOP Fiatalodó és Megújuló Egyetem – Innovatív Tudásváros – a Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményi fejlesztése projekt támogatásával elért eredmények bemutatása. A vizsgált mikrokapcsolók meghibásodási adatait, gyorsított élettartam vizsgálati módszerrel kívánjuk elemezni. A tesztsorozatok eredményeinek elemzésekor meghatározzuk az ún. Weibull-eloszlás paramétereit és vizsgáljuk a tönkremeneteli és meghibásodási folyamatok hatását a mikrokapcsolók élettartamára vonatkozóan.

Az Ipari Automatizálás és Kommunikáció Tudományos Műhely munkássága és eredményei

A Miskolci Egyetemen működő 5 Kiválósági Központ és a bennük működő Tudományos Műhelyek fő feladata, hogy tapasztalt szenior kutatók köré eredményes kutatói csapatok épüljenek fel. A Tudományos Műhelyeken belül új kutatók kapcsolódhatnak be növelve a kutatói motiváltságot és kihasználva az interdiszciplinaritásban rejlő előnyöket. A kijelölt stratégiai kutatási témák területén cél a kutató teamek tudományos láthatóságának növelése és pozícionálása az országos, európai és még szélesebb körű nemzetközi szakmai és tudományos közegben. Publikációm célja, hogy bemutassa az Ipari Automatizálás és Kommunikáció Tudományos Műhely munkásságát és eredményeit az EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00011 jelű „Fiatalodó és Megújuló Egyetem – Innovatív Tudásváros – a Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményi fejlesztése” projekt keretén belül.

A felületi érdesség CAD alapú modellezése nagytermelékenységű forgácsoló eljárásoknál

A cikkben ismertetésre kerülnek az EFOP-361-16-2016-00011 számú „Fiatalodó és megújuló Egyetem - Innovatív Tudásváros a Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményi fejlesztése” című projekt keretében a Gyártástudományi Intézetben elvégzett kutatásaink, amelyeknek a témája a felületi érdesség elméleti modellezése nagyteljesítményű forgácsoló eljárásoknál CAD modellezés segítségével. Ezen kutatásaink során elsősorban homlokmarással megmunkált felületek vizsgálatával foglalkoztunk, ahol az ún. forgácsarányt (az ap fogásmélység és az fz élenkénti előtolás arányát) az általánosan alkalmazott ap/fz&gt;1 tartományból az ap/fz&lt;1 felé változtattuk. Jelen dolgozat keretében bemutatásra kerül a kidolgozott módszer lényege, valamint az elvégzett vizsgálatokat foglaljuk össze röviden.

A gazdasági és innovációs potenciálok hatására létrejövő családi kapcsolatok, viszonyok modern típusainak interdiszciplináris vizsgálata

A tanulmány lényege az EFOP-3.6.1-16-2016-00011 azonosító számú, „Fiatalodó és megújuló Egyetem Innovatív Tudásváros, A Miskolci Egyetem intelligens szakosodást szolgáló intézményfejlesztése” elnevezésű projektben végzett egyéni kutatómunka összefoglalása. Ahogy az a tanulmány címéből is látható, interdiszciplináris megközelítésből került elemzésre a családi kapcsolatok jogi szabályozásának rendszere, előtérbe helyezve a gazdaságban és a társadalomban végbemenő innovációs folyamatok leképződését és hatásait.

Történelem a politika hátterében : A rendszerváltás utáni Magyarország politikai rendszere, valamint 19-20. századi előzményei

A cikk a „Történelem a politika hátterében” c., a „Fiatalodó és megújuló egyetem – Innovatív tudásváros” projekt támogatásával megvalósult kutatási program beszámolóját foglalja össze. A kutatási program két periódusra oszlott: 1. Az 1989–90-es rendszerváltás utáni magyar politikai rendszer egyes sajátosságai (közös kutatás Fekete Sándorral). 2. A magyar politikai rendszer 19–20. századi előzményei (saját kutatások). A cikk bemutatja a kutatási program legfontosabb területeit és eredményeit: önkormányzatiság és a politikai pártok rendszere a rendszerváltás utáni Magyarországon, a 19. századi liberalizmus és a két világháború közötti, ún. „keresztény-nemzeti” ideológia öröksége.

Data Evidence-Based Transformative Actions in Historic Urban Context—The Bologna University Area Case Study

The rapidly growing use of digital technologies in urban contexts is generating a huge and increasing amount of data, providing real-time information about the urban environment and its inhabitants. The unprecedented availability of data allows us to not only improve advanced knowledge and gain a deeper understanding of urban dynamics, but also enact data evidence-based transformative processes and actions in the direction of smarter, more sustainable, resilient, and socially equitable cities. In this context, the literature on smart cities has recently expressed the need to more deeply involve urban visions and communities in the process of regeneration. This paper aims to analyze how big data can be useful in understanding the effectiveness of small pilot actions of regeneration and reactivation in valuable cultural heritage (CH) urban environments. Pilot actions were developed in the context of the European Union funded project “ROCK—Regeneration and Optimization of cultural heritage in Creative and Knowledge cities” (GA730280). The paper analyses data collected by the ROCK City People Flow tool, in different use and time conditions, in two central squares of Bologna (Italy), in order to rate event successes, spatial transformation effects, and regeneration tactics responses. Data confirm the complexity of interpreting phenomena in such contexts but also provide useful indications for future planning.

Capacity Building vs Climate Change. A laboratory for the community in transition and the resilient city in the southern suburb of Reggio Calabria

In the climate change scenario, can active transfer of knowledge to and skills empowerment of peripheral communities trigger a locally rooted transition toward an agile periphery? The ongoing project KnowledgeVsClimateChange [1] is contributing by transferring knowledge and by building competences through an urban laboratory in the southern suburb of Reggio Calabria (Italy). The laboratory is set in line with the “knowledge city” tactic by Pensando Meridiano Association (PM)[2]. The aim is to enhance local actions of climate change adaptation; therefore, global issues are locally framed through a multi-sectoral urban approach. Accordingly, the adopted strategy focuses mainly on: Urban Sustainability, Up-cycle, Circular Economy, Citizen Transition and KETs. Actions are envisaged in congruence with the SDGs: 4, 9, 11, 12, 13. The “learning by making” method is calibrated with respect to di˙erent typologies of targets: it includes training/information seminars on topics, but also direct actions for capacity building. Although this method has been proven in the specific context shown above, it still needs to be investigated if an operative transition model can be extrapolated and recontextualized in other urban contexts. For this investigation, this paper evaluates the first social impacts of the methodology by monitoring the acquisition of knowledge and skills by makers. Based on the results of this paper, it can be concluded that this methodology can contribute in structuring urban agenda programs for the built environment transition, towards the model/prototype of “agile and resilient city”.

How to Integrate Universities and Cities Through Local Spatial Developments

As irreplaceable knowledge infrastructures, universities have been acknowledged to play the roles of fostering knowledge workers, supporting knowledge economies, and building knowledge cities. Through spatial developments, localized interactions can be built between cities and universities. There has been a global trend to design new knowledge precincts revolving around universities to make knowledge cities. This article focuses on how the local governments in Wuhan, known as the “Forest of Campus” in China, have proposed the vision of making a “Univercity,” building knowledge cities by integrating universities and cities through local spatial developments. To interpret the concept of the knowledge precinct namely “Univercity,” an analytical framework has been set up in the dimensions of fostering knowledge workers, supporting knowledge economies and building knowledge cities. Then, the spatial strategies of making a “Univercity” have been given accordingly, including enhancing the interaction between universities, knowledge businesses, and knowledge cities.

Assessing the Impact of Land Cover Changes on Surface Urban Heat Islands with High-Spatial-Resolution Imagery on a Local Scale: Workflow and Case Study

Low-altitude remote sensing platform has been increasingly applied to observing local thermal environments due to its obvious advantage in spatial resolution and apparent flexibility in data acquisition. However, there is a general lack of systematic analysis for land cover (LC) classification, surface urban heat island (SUHI), and their spatial and temporal change patterns. In this study, a workflow is presented to assess the LC’s impact on SUHI, based on the visible and thermal infrared images with high spatial resolution captured by an unmanned airship in the central area of the Sino-Singapore Guangzhou Knowledge City in 2012 and 2015. Then, the accuracy assessment of LC classification and land surface temperature (LST) retrieval are performed. Finally, the commonly-used indexes in the field of satellites are applied to analyzing the spatial and temporal changes in the SUHI pattern on a local scale. The results show that the supervised maximum likelihood algorithm can deliver satisfactory overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient for LC classification; the root mean square error of the retrieved LST can reach 1.87 °C. Moreover, the LST demonstrates greater consistency with land cover type (LCT) and more fluctuation within an LCT on a local scale than on an urban scale. The normalized LST classified by the mean and standard deviation (STD) is suitable for the high-spatial situation; however, the thermal field level and the corresponded STD multiple need to be judiciously selected. This study exhibits an effective pathway to assess SUHI pattern and its changes using high-spatial-resolution images on a local scale. It is also indicated that proper landscape composition, spatial configuration and materials on a local scale exert greater impacts on SUHI.

Knowledge-based urban environments and entrepreneurship: Inside EU cities

This paper aims to answer the following research question: does the knowledge city environment stimulate entrepreneurship? To answer this question, we develop a framework and multidimensional indexes to better explain the different dimensions of a ‘knowledge city’ and their relation to urban entrepreneurship, defined in terms of new and digital ventures. The analysis was performed on a sample of 60 cities, including all capital cities in the EU28 and 32 non-capital cities in the EU that are considered important knowledge hubs. The presence of cities from EU28 countries is important to foster the entrepreneurship attitude in each national context. Our study makes a significant contribution to the literature by providing a new approach to understand the factors affecting knowledge cities and to identify the city profiles that are key for the development of urban-level entrepreneurship, thus providing a number of important insights for academics and urban policy makers.

A vision of sustainable & smart knowledge based urban development in Iraqi cities: adopting GIS to determine knowledge capital elements and strategies in the city of Hila

The research seeks to explain the dimensions of development in cities according to the foundations and mechanisms of knowledge capital, especially urban capital, which contributes to enhancing the characteristics that create successful knowledge cities and support their strategies. A local case study was conducted to determine the potential of applying knowledge-based urban development strategies, and in accordance with the specific analytical framework for the characteristics and indicators of knowledge cities. The analytical framework for knowledge cities indicators will be adopted as a baseline for the analysis of the characteristics of the cluster and diversity. Two basic studies included: the structural plan for Babil province ( five phases prepared between 2009 and 2010), and the master plan for Hila 2006. A survey method applied to collect the required, and use the latest available statistics about the city. The master plan of the city was analyzed, updated for specific indicators through GIS method. Opportunities for development of two axes were developed in the center of the northern and southern university. Implementation of the cluster strategy. In the center of the ancient city of Babylon, with knowledge gathering support strategy, and knowledge capital indicators are monitored according to the framework tested to determine the course of the three strategies.

Revisiting Mackay Online

Revisiting Mackay Online

Cutting through the clutter of smart city definitions: A reading into the smart city perceptions in India

Abstract Smart city development has emerged as a favoured response to the 21st-century urbanisation challenges. A wide range of definitions surfaced over the last decade characterising the smart city, primarily pushed by the global elite corporations and influential academics. Simultaneously, a series of urban development expressions, such as digital city, knowledge city, eco-city is used interchangeably with the smart city, significantly mystifying the reading of the concept. This paper, first argue that smart city interpretation needs and requires the input and contribution of the local stakeholders. The aim of this research is to provide an evidence-based framework to capture the perception of local urban actors in India vis-a-vis their interpretation of smart cities given the existing urban conditions and the proposed developments under the 100 Smart Cities Mission. This research also examines the underlying linkage between the smart city and its conceptual relatives and highlights the ones with a significant convergence with the emerging urban agenda in India's Smart Cities Mission. The analysis presented in this paper show that to emerge as a holistic concept, smart cities definition models should engage with the sustainability and community issues, beyond the use of digital technology. The research reveals that the Indian urban stakeholders strongly associate the smart city concept with sustainable city and eco-city, much more than the technology-loaded phrases such as ubiquitous city and digital city. The first-of-its-kind inclusive approach developed in this paper to define smart city takes on the monopolies of top-down smart city definitions and support the democratisation of the rapidly proliferating concept.

London 1600-1800: communities of natural knowledge and artificial practice.

This essay introduces a special issue of the BJHS on communities of natural knowledge and artificial practice in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century London. In seeking to understand the rise of a learned and technical culture within a growing and changing city, our approach has been inclusive in terms of the activities, people and places we consider worth exploring but shaped by a sense of the importance of collective activity, training, storage of information and identity. London's knowledge culture was formed by the public, pragmatic and commercial spaces of the city rather than by the academy or the court. In this introduction, we outline the types of group and institution within our view and acknowledge the many locations that might be explored further. Above all, we introduce a particular vision of London's potential as a city of knowledge and practice, arising from its commercial and mercantile activity and fostered within its range of corporations, institutions and associations. This was recognized and promoted by contemporary authors, including natural and experimental philosophers, practical mathematicians, artisans and others, who sought to establish a place for and recognition of their individual and collective skills and knowledge within the metropolis.

Post-disaster redevelopment and the “knowledge city”: limitations of an urban imaginary in L’Aquila

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically examine the “knowledge city” spatial socio-economic imaginary used in the post-earthquake city of L’Aquila, Italy, to promote its socio-economic redevelopment. Design/methodology/approach The paper counters primary and secondary data with the expected qualities of a knowledge city. The analysis is supported by the literature review on knowledge-cities and post-disaster redevelopment, local and national documentation review, on-site observations and an inquiry of the case of the Gran Sasso Science Institute, the leading project towards the implementation of the knowledge-city agenda through interviews with key actors and a survey among its researchers. Findings Post-disaster realities and path-dependency leave little room for a positive path-shaping redevelopment trajectory related to a knowledge-city urban archetype. This vision promotes materialism and intellectualism from local, national and international stakeholders; however, the city lacks specific urban qualities to attract and maintain highly skilled labour and investments, while negative socio-economic trends still continue a decade after the earthquake. Research limitations/implications The city’s post-disaster recovery and redevelopment contain certain degrees of inertia. The early stage of it, the lack of certain secondary data, and the focus of the paper on specific indicators limit the opportunity for stronger reasoning. Originality/value The analysis reveals that the redevelopment vision of the knowledge city was hastily adopted. The mismatch between reality and expectations highlights the need for post-disaster territories to avoid overestimation of their capabilities and adjusts their redevelopment strategies to local characteristics adopting modest future projections.

Innovation centres as anchor spaces of the 'knowledge city'

Innovation centres as anchor spaces of the 'knowledge city'

The intersections between infrastructures and expectations: repair and breakdown in Yachay, the city of knowledge in Ecuador

ABSTRACTThis paper explores the temporalities of infrastructuring, breakdown, and repair/disrepair interacting generatively – materially and symbolically – in “Yachay, the city of knowledge,” the most ambitious and controversial public infrastructural project in Ecuador’s history. I analyze the roles of expectations, and the infrastructural dynamics in the process of shaping Yachay during its intragovernmental scaling-up from a technical university to a city of knowledge; and during the material implementation of some of its basic physical infrastructure. I also highlight the embeddedness of the expectations in particular pasts and historical trajectories, thus extending the common use of expectations as only oriented to the future. The argument presented here draws on fieldwork conducted in Yachay for 14 months between 2016 and 2018.

Innovation centres as anchor spaces of the 'knowledge city'

Since the late 2000s, collaborative spaces have been emerging in post-industrial cities around the world. A recent trend in collaborative spaces is the concept of the innovation centre. The paper defines innovation centres and investigates their role in the making of the knowledge city. The research methodology uses a multiple case study in which three cases were selected: Barcelona Growth Centre in Barcelona (Spain), Ruta N in Medellin (Colombia), and Station F in Paris (France). The case studies were selected for the purpose of generalising findings about the concept of an innovation centre. Innovation centres are collaborative spaces that cluster diverse knowledge-based actors, namely private companies, entrepreneurs, public institutions, and universities, within the same building. Innovation centres provide a wide range of amenities in order support face-to-face interactions and the spread of tacit knowledge. This paper finds that innovation centres are initiatives that participate in the making of the knowledge city.