Boundaries Of Knowledge Research Articles

Genome sequencing revealed the red-flower trait candidate gene of a peach landrace.

Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important fruit crop globally and an excellent material for genomic studies. While considerable progress has been made in unveiling trait-associated genes within cultivars and wild relatives, certain novel genes controlling valuable traits in peach landraces, such as the red-flowering gene, remained unclear. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the diploid genome of the red-flower landrace 'Yingzui' (abbreviated as 'RedY'). Multi-omics profiling of red petals of 'RedY' revealed the intensified red coloration associated with anthocyanins accumulation and concurrent decline in flavonols. This phenomenon is likely attributed to a natural variant of Flavonol Synthase (FLS) harboring a 9-bp exonic insertion. Intriguingly, the homozygous allelic configurations of this FLS variant were only observed in red-flowered peaches. Furthermore, the 9-bp sequence variation tightly associated with pink/red petal color in genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of collected peach germplasm resources. Functional analyses of the FLS variant, purified from procaryotic expression system, demonstrated its diminished enzymatic activity in flavonols biosynthesis, impeccably aligning with the cardinal trait of red flowers. Therefore, the natural FLS variant was proposed as the best candidate gene for red-flowering trait in peach. The pioneering unveiling of the red-flowered peach genome, coupled with the identification of the candidate gene, expanded the knowledge boundaries of the genetic basis of peach traits and provided valuable insights for future peach breeding efforts.

Preface

National Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Materials-2023Research in materials science helps in understanding the physical and chemical properties of various materials. It enables scientists and researchers to develop materials for a wide range of applications. The National Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Materials (NCPCM) has been organised by the Department of Physics, Govt. Holkar (Model Autonomous) Science College, Indore, once every two years. This conference provides an ideal platform and opportunity to share research ideas with eminent scientists, academicians, industrialists, and policymakers working in the various fields of science and technology. This conference covers various fields of the physics and chemistry of materials, such as nanomaterials and thin film technology, condensed matter physics, computational physics, materials chemistry, etc.NCPCM-2023 was conducted in hybrid mode. About 200 participants from various research institutions, universities, colleges, and industries across the globe have attended the conference and presented research papers in physical sessions and online through video conferencing or MOOC-based methods in the form of keynote lectures, invited talks, and oral presentations in parallel sessions of different categories. All papers selected for the proceedings have been reviewed through scientific processes to maintain the scientific standards of the NCPCM and IOP publishing partner.The articles are selected for publication by the editors based on the recommendations of qualified reviewers.We hope that the National Conference on Physics and Chemistry of Materials, 2023, will foster new collaborations, generate innovative ideas, and inspire the next generation of materials scientists and researchers. Through the transformative power of physics and chemistry in materials science, let us press the boundaries of knowledge, explore uncharted territories, and create a brighter future.We extend our heartiest thanks to all the participants, keynote speakers, invited speakers, members of the advisory committee, organising committee, technical coordinators, session chairs, judges, reviewers, and all supporting staff for their herculean support. We also acknowledge the financial support from the Madhya Pradesh Council of Science and Technology (MPCST), Bhopal.Indore, 31 May 2023List of Editors, Advisory Committee, Conference Committeem, Organizing Committee, Local Adversary Committee, Technical Co-Ordinators are available in this Pdf.

Analisis Landasan Epistemologis dalam Pengembangan Kurikulum Pendidikan Agama Islam di Sekolah Menengah Pertama

This study aims to investigate the role and influence of epistemological foundations in the development of the Islamic Religious Education (PAI) curriculum in junior high schools (SMP). The background of this research is based on the importance of the Islamic epistemological foundations in determining the validity and boundaries of knowledge within Islamic teachings, which is crucial to ensure the consistency and relevance of the PAI curriculum with the needs of students. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design involving document analysis and in-depth interviews as data collection techniques. The findings indicate that an understanding of the Islamic epistemological foundations influences the selection of learning materials, the development of teaching methods, and the integration of Islamic values in the PAI curriculum in SMP. The study also reveals challenges in the curriculum implementation, including differing interpretations of Islamic teachings, limited resources, and varying understandings of Islamic epistemology among teachers. The research concludes that a deep understanding of the Islamic epistemological foundations is a critical aspect in developing the PAI curriculum in SMP and requires collaborative efforts between educators, policymakers, and the Islamic community to overcome these challenges and ensure the effectiveness of Islamic religious education in schools. The implications of this study highlight the need for enhanced training and resources for teachers to strengthen the implementation of a curriculum based on the principles of Islamic epistemology.

Using life cycle assessments to guide reduction in the carbon footprint of single-use lab consumables

Scientific research pushes forward the boundaries of human knowledge, but often at a sizable environmental cost. The reliance of researchers on single-use plastics and disposable consumables has come under increased scrutiny as decarbonisation and environmental sustainability have become a growing priority. However, there has been very little exploration of the contribution of laboratory consumables to ‘greenhouse gas’ (GHG) carbon emissions. Carbon footprint exercises, if capturing consumables at all, typically rely on analyses of inventory spend which broadly aggregate plastic and chemical products, providing inaccurate data and thus limited insight as to how changes to procurement can reduce emissions. This paper documents the first effort to quantify the carbon footprint of common, single-use lab consumables through emission factors derived from life cycle assessments (LCAs). A literature review of LCAs was conducted to develop emission factors for lab consumables, considering the emission hotspots along each product’s life cycle to identify where emission reduction policies can be most effective. Results can be used as inputs for lab practitioners seeking to understand and mitigate their carbon footprint.

Transforming the Network of Co-working Spaces for Start-ups into an Open Knowledge Ecosystem

The paper focuses on the issues of transforming the geographically spread co-working spaces of start-up firms into the open knowledge ecosystems, i.e. hubs of growth-focused organizations characterised by sharing and generating new industrial knowledge. The presented insights are based on the combination of theoretical review and empirical survey of 92 managers of start-ups and SMEs in Lithuania. This is an emergent community of regional start-up firms with rudimentary linkages and elements of knowledge sharing. The paper looks into the key issues that could contribute to strengthening the knowledge-based collaborations and synergies in such community, while assessing both the current situation and the evolutionary potential of such collaborations. We present the critical discussion in the light of ecosystem-as-structure vs. ecosystem-as-affiliation (Adner, 2017) approaches. Ecosystem-as-affiliation approach stresses the affiliation of ecosystem actors (to the network or focal actor), while ecosystem-as-structure views ecosystem through the lense of value proposition that network actors are co-creating. The first view has a more open-ended network perspective where spontaneous collaborations may lead to different outcomes and the network welcome different members with no prior objective in sight. The second view is more focused on aligning the resources and activities of multilateral set of partners for materialising specific value propositions, and members are invited to join based on these specific needs. The research has shown that, on one hand, the emergent start-up community relies on institutional coordination while retaining the element of openness. On the other hand, there is an explicit need for leadership in building the shared vision and designing the knowledge partnerships for delivering the shared value propositions. One should stress the importance of focal organizations and boundary spanners - both in terms of the organizational and knowledge boundaries. The shared business interests, network leadership and trust have been identified as the key cornerstones for further development of network into an open knowledge ecosystem, yet they are also associated with the greatest challenges to sustained knowledge sharing in the network.

Refusal – opening otherwise forms of research

An increasing interest towards researching other forms of knowledges is taking place, expanding the boundaries of knowledge to include forms that have been historically marginalised, negated, and neglected by the Western academy. Parallel to this, we have identified a rising critique of how voices marginalized by colonial modes of academic knowledge production are included, through a single-sided focus on pain and suffering (Tuck & Yang 2014). Yet there are less discussions around the process of research itself and what it entails. Against this backdrop, this paper aims to challenge the concept of ‘discovery’ and the unproblematic and inherent right of knowing granted to the Western academy, to argue for a kind of research that refuses. Interrogating instances of refusal in different contexts of Indigenous sovereignty and migration studies, this collective work creates a dialogue across different disciplines and reveals that refusal turns the gaze at colonial modalities of knowing. The empirical analysis of our work also demonstrates that refusal is a generative process that redirects the attention to ideas otherwise unacknowledged, thus making space for relationality, reciprocity, solidarity, community, and care.

Defence responses triggered during the plant-pathogen interaction between strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa) and Colletotrichum acutatum

Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) production is an important economic activity in Argentina. Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum spp., is the most destructive fungal disease for strawberry and causes a huge economic loss every year. The gene-regulatory networks and metabolic pathways involved in the interaction between Fragaria ananassa and Colletotrichum acutatum are poorly understood. Sixteen strawberry cultivars were characterized in a local strain, M11, of C. acutatum, and the results showed that the Camarosa and Pajaro cultivars were the most tolerant and susceptible, respectively. Metabolic, biochemical and molecular analyses were used to study pathogen and strawberry interaction. The results showed that (1) after being infected by the pathogen, the Camarosa cultivar showed early induction of stomatal closure, callose and lignin accumulation; (2) the metabolic profile of the Camarosa cv. infected by C. acutatum showed high levels of carbohydrate accumulation, while the Pajaro cv. was characterized by accumulation of amino acids and their derivatives; (3) the expression of defence-related genes was induced earlier in the Camarosa cv. The above results demonstrated that an early and complex network of defence responses is triggered in the tolerant cultivar (Camarosa cv.), when infected by C. acutatum. Altogether, these results led us to expand the boundaries of knowledge of the metabolic pathways and gene-regulatory networks involved in the interaction between strawberry and Colletotrichum acutatum.

Regaining Trust in Public Health and Biomedical Science following Covid: The Role of Scientists.

Biomedical science suffered a loss of trust during the Covid-19 pandemic. Why? One reason is a crisis fueled by confusion over the epistemology of science. Attacks on biomedical expertise rest on a mistaken view of what the justification is for crediting scientific information. The ideas that science is characterized by universal agreement and that any evolution or change of beliefs about facts and theories undermines trustworthiness in science are simply false. Biomedical science is trustworthy precisely because it is fallible, admits error, adjusts to new information, and, most importantly, is practical. Successful diagnosis and cure demarcate the boundaries of warranted knowledge. The other reason is sociological. As the pandemic made all too clear, the loss of faith in scientific experts was due to the failure of most of them to engage in regular public dialogue, reflecting a failure to recognize the obligation that science has to bolster trust in its work and findings by concerted public engagement.

“Education 4.0” in the Era of Digital Transformation: Ways to Improve Its Efficiency

The purpose of this article is to show the evolution and requirements of the educational system in the era of the fourth industrial revolution, to identify the main problems, to identify current areas for further research.The fourth industrial revolution bases its development on smart technologies, artificial intelligence, big data, robotics, etc. In the new conditions, educational institutions are faced with the task of preparing successful graduates and new ways of learning. The relevance of the problems outlined in this article is determined by the main goal of higher education is to prepare qualified human resources for the country’s economy, create and maintain an extensive advanced knowledge base, and ensure the personal development of graduates of an educational institution. It is the quality of higher education that determines the quality of human resources in a country. To do this, students need to master a wide range of competencies in their chosen field of study, constantly expand the boundaries of knowledge in all disciplines, and develop professional skills in business, science and new technologies.Methodology and research methods. During the study, an analysis of scientific publications for the period 2012–2022 (plus the beginning of 2023) was carried out, posted in the databases: Springer Link, IEEE Xplore, ACM, Science Direct, Google Scholar, as well as in the scientific electronic library eLIBRARY.ru.In the course of the study, general scientific methods were used: an analytical review of the problem, methods of synthesis, induction, methods of comparative analysis, generalization and a systematic approach were applied to the use of intellectual analysis methods in e-education systems, scientific publications of the last 20 years were used.Results and scientific novelty. Our research has identified the most common tasks used in EDM, as well as those that are the most promising in the future. The theoretical analysis of the main key trends of “Education 4.0” carried out in the paper made it possible to identify the main characteristics of education. It was shown that education should become more individualized and adapted to the abilities of the learner. As a result of the study, the most characteristic tasks of Data Mining in education were identified, ways of its improvement and quality improvement were shown. Practical significance. Currently, educational institutions are striving to improve their learning and teaching by analyzing data collected during students’ studies, developing new databased system in the era of “Industry 4.0”. It is expected that the results mechanisms and improving interesting models that can help obtained can be used by specialists, managers and teachers to improve improve academic outcomes, stimulate student motivation and educational activities. avoid dropouts.The results obtained can be used as information material in further research related to the study of the development of the educationsystem in the era of “Industry 4.0”. It is expected that the resultsobtained can be used by specialists, managers and teachers to improve educational activities.

The police’s intelligence-led crisis management: Crossing knowledge boundaries of operational and intelligence practices during acute crises

Major, acute crises call for efficient crisis management. This study examines how understandings of police operational and intelligence officers affect collaboration and information sharing during acute crises. The paper shows the crisis management structure impedes collaboration in developing a collective understanding. Knowledge gaps led to difficulty in sharing information and intelligence, and, in decision-making meetings, in trusting the intelligence analysis. The study provides insight into social prerequisites necessary for managers’ collaborative work to be coherent and meaningful. The discussion concentrates on bridging the gap between operational and intelligence practices by reducing the existing knowledge boundaries.

An incremental learning approach for sustainable regional isolation and integration

Humans are capable of acquiring new knowledge on a constant basis, while integrating and optimizing old knowledge without forgetting them. This is mainly attributed to the human brain's ability of partitioned learning and memory replay. In this paper, we simulate this ability and propose an incremental learning network of Sustainable Regional Isolation and Integration (SRII). SRII consists of two phases, regional isolation and regional integration, which are iterated to achieve continuous incremental class learning. Regional isolation isolates new learning processes to avoid interfering with existing knowledge, while regional integration uses knowledge distillation and a margin loss regularization term. The knowledge distillation transfers replay knowledge for alleviating catastrophic forgetting, while the margin loss regularization term is to clarify the boundaries of new and old knowledge for alleviating recency bias. Experimental results on the CIFAR100 and miniImageNet datasets demonstrate that SRII outperforms the state-of-the-arts on avoiding catastrophic forgetting. In all 5-stage and 10-stage incremental settings, SRII outperforms the baseline and achieves at least 5.09%+ average accuracy improvement. Our source code is available at https://github.com/Wuziyi123/SRII.

What Influences Green Cosmetics Purchase Intention and Behavior? A Systematic Review and Future Research Agenda

The green cosmetics industry has witnessed significant growth over the last few years. Simultaneously, scholarly interest in the area has grown. However, overall, the evidence is inconsistent. Despite the growing literature, no systematic review has been carried out to summarize and synthesize the empirical studies that have examined factors associated with green cosmetics purchase intention (GCPI) and green cosmetics purchase behavior (GCPB). This study aims to fill this gap. We conducted this systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines. From forty-eight studies that met the inclusion criteria, we identified ten major themes that were significantly associated with GCPI and GCPB. The most frequently demonstrated determinants were the theory of planned behavior components (attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control), followed by marketing mix, consumer consciousness concerns, consumer values, brand-related attributes, experience and knowledge, self-efficacy, and perceived barriers. In addition, we identified several gaps that could be addressed through future research. These results will help scholars understand the knowledge boundary and assist marketers in developing effective strategies for promoting green cosmetics.

Preface

Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure and Sustainable Development TISDIC 2023 Editors Rafat Siddique, Phan H. Nam, Nguyen M. Hai, Nguyen P. Q. Duy, Pham N. Phuong Hoang P. Tung, Nguyen V. Te Ron The 4th International Conference on Transportation Infrastructure and Sustainable Development (TISDIC 2023) is scheduled to take place from 26th to 28th August 2023 at the Da Nang Administrative Centre in the captivating city of Da Nang, Vietnam.Renowned as one of the most distinguished international conferences in the field of transportation infrastructures within Vietnam, TISDIC has garnered widespread acclaim. It stands as a pivotal platform where leading academics, government entities, civil society representatives, and the private sector converge to exchange research insights and innovative solutions, propelling sustainable development goals in transportation infrastructures.TISDIC 2023 includes five primary topics, offering a comprehensive exploration of Advanced Structural and Bridge Engineering, Road and Transport Engineering, AI, IoT and Automation in Transportation Systems, Construction and Building Materials for Sustainable Development, and Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering. By focusing on these areas, the conference aims to highlight the latest advancements and address the pressing challenges facing the field.The overwhelming response to TISDIC 2023 is a testament to its significance, with a remarkable total of 142 papers submitted for consideration. Through a rigorous evaluation process, 106 exceptional papers were selected for publication in this proceeding, boasting an impressive acceptance rate of 74.6%.We extend our heartfelt appreciation to the authors for their invaluable contributions, which have enriched the conference proceeding. We also express our deepest gratitude to the dedicated reviewers, whose expertise and meticulous evaluation ensured the inclusion of high–quality papers. Their contributions are instrumental in fostering intellectual growth and pushing the boundaries of knowledge in transportation infrastructures.Finally, we would like to express our gratitude for the support provided by the Vingroup Innovation Foundation (VINIF – VINBIGDATA) towards the publication of this proceedings.The EditorsList of Reviewers, Scientific Committee and Organizing Committees are available in this pdf.

Reduction of emissions and improvement of dynamic responses of a supercritical clean coal generation unit via neural network inverse control strategy

Coal power plants have been a major source of undesirable emissions. Despite the technological advancements in renewable energies, coal units are still in-service in many developed and developing countries due to their reliability, adequacy, and flexibility for power delivery. There are some promising technologies for cleaner operation during power production from coal, including supercritical boiler (SC) design and carbon capture and storage (CCS), however, the challenging in innovating effective methods is still open to expand the boundary of knowledge in this speciality. This paper introduces a novel and simple method for reducing CO2 emissions and improving the dynamic responses of a 600 MW SC coal power plant by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) technique. A wide-range data-driven feedforward ANN model has been identified and verified for the various operations recorded as closed-loop data-sets, which covers all situations of startup, once-through mode, and even emergency shutdown of the unit. The closed-loop SC plant model has been augmented with an inverse multivariable coordinate NN controller, developed by analogous learning algorithm to improve the plant automation. With precisely selected setpoints, as operational rules, of temperature, pressure, and earliest possible power demand signals, the automated SC plant has been capable to operate with lower coal consumption - and thus lower emissions – than the existing operation strategy during startup, normal operation, and emergency shutdown modes. The improvement in dynamic responses have been quantified through simulations with comparison with existing performance, which have resulted in an overall average reduction of 2.143 Kg/s in coal consumption.

Navigating boundaries in coproduced research: a situational analysis of researchers’ experiences within integrated knowledge translation projects

Background:Research coproduction is advocated as an approach to produce more impactful evidence, by valuing a diversity of expertise and integrating knowledge users into research processes. Yet, extant literature finds that trying to bridge boundaries between different types of knowledge can also cause collaboration challenges and present barriers to success in coproduction. Aims and objectives:To study how researchers understand and manage knowledge boundaries in coproduced health research, or ‘integrated knowledge translation’ (IKT) as it is referred to in Canada. Methods:Data were collected from: 1) semi-structured interviews (n=20) with researchers leading different IKT projects across Canada; and 2) participant observation and document analysis for an in-depth case study of one IKT project. Data were combined and analysed using situational analysis, a modified grounded theory approach to visually map patterns of discourse along salient axes of controversy. Findings:We describe four key discursive positions participants take concerning knowledge boundaries in IKT: to recognise and handle, respect and clarify, blur and integrate, or challenge and embrace. These are plotted relative to two salient axes: the degree to which participants viewed boundaries as a problem, and the degree to which they believed boundaries should (or could) be challenged. Discussion and conclusion:The four discursive positions identified will help those doing coproduced research to critically reflect on their own position(s) regarding boundaries in collaborative research, and strategically discuss, select, or switch discourses as needed to support their goals.

Solar Cooling Integrated Façades: Key perceived enabling factors and prospects of future applications

Solar cooling integrated façades (SCIFs) have the potential to reduce primary energy consumption for space cooling. Identifying key enabling factors in the context of technical and product (T&P), financial (F), as well as process and stakeholder (P&S) related aspects represent an important step providing relevant knowledge for implementing solutions supporting the widespread application. This study aims to identify main factors enabling the widespread integration of SCTs in façades from the point of view of various professionals. An interview guide was designed to tackle main aspects to be considered for supporting the widespread application. Different criteria were considered to select the interviewees during the data collection, such as participants who worked on the application or façade integration of solar/SCTs in buildings. The findings obtained from a total of 23 interviews revealed that the most frequently mentioned factors are product performance and efficiency, facilitating the delivery of product information to architects and clients, aesthetical acceptability, multidisciplinary teamwork, and ability to customize products. The factors were mapped in the context of façade design and construction processes to establish a matrix for implementing solutions in product development. Majority of the factors were linked to the design phase according interviewees’ perceptions. The results also indicated that newly built office buildings have been perceived to be one of the most relevant types of buildings to be considered for such technologies. The identified enabling factors and prospects of future applications of solar cooling integrated facades (SCIFs) contribute to expand the boundaries of knowledge in the field of building product development.

Managing cyber risk in the financial sector: Insights from a case study

Purpose: This article focuses on cyber risk as an emerging issue within the risk management process and the internal control system in the financial sector. It in-vestigates whether cyber risk management (CRM) is (dis)integrated into traditional enterprise risk management (ERM) and analyzes the external dynamics affecting the CRM design. Design/methodology/approach: This article draws upon institutional theory and the concept of boundary objects. The research examines a listed Italian bank and gathers the data from semi-structured interviews, direct observations, meet-ings, and archival sources. Findings: The findings underline that cyber risk rationale plays a crucial role in the CRM process. The interplay between institutional complexity and the need to manage cyber risk is critical for a bank to have a stable and flexible infrastructure. The knowledge boundaries related to the cyber risk culture require further cyber risk talk. Originality/value: This research furthers the understanding of cyber risk and CRM as an integral part of the ERM and internal control systems in the financial sector, in which there is a shortage of case studies. The financial sector is highly regulated, and managing cyber risk has become crucial as banks usually deal with enormous amounts of personal and sensitive data stored on networks and in the cloud. Practical implications: This case study emphasizes the crucial role of CRM in the identification and reporting of cyber risk information in annual reports.

Decision-making process for breast-conserving therapy from the perspective of women with breast cancer: A grounded theory study

PurposeTo explore the decision-making and coping processes of women with newly diagnosed breast cancer receiving breast-conserving therapy. MethodsThe grounded theory methodology approach was employed in this study. Purposive and theoretical sampling methods were used to enroll 27 women with stage I–III breast cancer. Individual interviews were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide, and data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding. ResultsThe core category is “limitations of boundaries,” which includes three categories: feminine body boundary, emotional boundary, and knowledge boundary. Clusters, conflicts, and changeability were among the unique contextual conditions. The decision-making process became more challenging because of the differences between the levels of knowledge of physicians and patients receiving treatment information. Women's actions and interactions included information seeking, controlling, negotiating, and accepting nondecision-making support. The consequences of decisions included redecision and reoperation, and most women did not regret receiving breast-conserving therapy. ConclusionEven after choosing breast-conserving therapy, some women may experience changes in treatment procedures. Medical professionals should identify women's challenges and limitations during their decision-making process, explain the benefits and drawbacks of different surgical modalities, address concerns about the outcome of breast-conserving surgery, and provide intellectual and emotional support for decision-making.

Boundaries of knowledge

Boundaries of knowledge

A sociomaterial perspective on epistemic objects in design practice

Digital technologies enable realistic and highly refined representations early in the design process, yet designers frequently use rudimentary objects in their design practice. This research proposes a framework to explain characteristics of objects that make them appropriate for different roles in complex design projects. Objects created by designers in three research settings are explored through interviews. Through the lens of sociomateriality, objects are seen in roles of joining conversation across knowledge boundaries or encapsulating conversation. Four characteristics of fidelity, investment, ambiguity, and history are proposed to determine which role an object is suited to. The framework helps explain and guide effective use of technology and appropriate use of objects in design.