Knowledge-based Society Research Articles

Users’ perspectives of public library for a knowledge-based society: Implications for developing countries

Rationale of Study – In today’s fast-paced, ever-changing world, knowledge has become a commodity and a capital that provides the basis for a knowledge-based society (KBS). Public libraries, however, are trying to stay relevant as a knowledge hub in such societies by expanding their roles in local communities. This research investigated the relationship among demography, accessibility, environment,digitalisation, and the library’s perceived role in a KBS. Methodology – Following cross-sectional quantitative research design, data was collected from 112 respondents using a structured questionnaire survey on the premises of the Pabna Government Public Library in Bangladesh. The 9-item scale showed acceptable internal consistency (α = .713) and using SPSS 25, descriptive analyses, Chi-square test, and Spearman correlation were carried out.Findings – The role of a public library in terms of readership and awareness in the community had a statistically significant (p-value <0.001) positive correlation with accessibility (ρ=.334) and library environment (ρ=.513). At the same time, a negative association was observed with respondents’ level of education (ρ=-.265, p-value <0.01). However, a weak relationship existed between profession andperception of the library environment (ρ=.186, p-value <0.05). Implications – In similar developing country contexts, libraries must attract diverse users beyond educated youths and create a conducive library environment where it becomes a part of their community. Public libraries can consequently stay relevant and contribute to building a KBS. Originality – This paper reports the findings of an original study regarding users’ perceptions of public libraries in KBS from a developing country perspective.

Swinging Pendulum: The Social Adaptation of Returnees from Universities

College teachers now have more opportunities to engage in transnational education as people enter a new era of globalization and the shift toward a knowledge-based society. However, they also face various challenges in social adaptation. It has become a critical issue to enhance the sense of belonging and career resilience of the returnees from universities. By using a qualitative research method with the data from a respective provincial university in China, this study aims to explore the process and influencing factors of the social adaptation of returnees and finds that the social adaptation of returnees has gone through the process of longing, division, adjustment, and integration, which varies with individual and cultural differences. Social adaptation is similar to the swing and vibration of a clock. The working environment is the primary source of adverse cultural impact and ones social network support is negatively associated with social adaptation. Also, self-efficacy and informal social support networks play key roles in the adaptation process. To mitigate the re-entry shock, recommendations include optimizing work environments, providing emotional counseling, and enhancing organizational structures.

Critical Thinking Evaluation Scale: Design and Validation in a Colombian Population

Critical thinking stands out as one of the most important cognitive abilities needed for effective adaptation to a knowledge-based society in the 21st century. Despite its significance, there remains a lack of consensus regarding the conceptual and methodological frameworks for measuring it. This study aimed to design and validate a comprehensive assessment scale for critical thinking. A specification table was constructed based on the critical thinking components agreed upon in the current literature, from which corresponding items were formulated and subsequently validated by expert judges. Following adjustments to the test, 258 Colombian participants completed it. Sample adequacy (KMO), Bartlett’s sphericity, and collinearity were confirmed, and the results underwent exploratory factor analysis. Reliability analysis was conducted using McDonald’s ω, Cronbach’s α, Guttman’s λ6, and Greatest Lower Bound (GLB) statistics. The final test comprised 17 items organized into 2 constituent factors, demonstrating robust content and internal structure validity, as well as high levels of precision and internal consistency (overall GLB of .93). The Critical Thinking Evaluation Scale (CTES) exhibits validity and reliability for use within the Colombian population. Its adaptation for other contexts and countries, both Spanish and English-speaking, is recommended. The Spanish version, along with the validated English version for potential adaptations, and scoring norms are provided in the attached documents.

Augmented Reality Technology (ART) in Science Education and Engineering Technology: A Review

Abstract : This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of Augmented Reality Technology (ART) in Science Education and Engineering Technology. Science Education and Engineering Technology go hand in hand as without scientific studies applications cannot exist. The term science is well known for knowledge-based society. It has a vast scope in this world. In every step of human life, the terms Science and Technology are both the two sides of one coin. The main objectives of this review are to - 1. Understand the concept of Augmented Reality Technology (ART). 2. Identify the different types of Augmented Reality Technology (ART). 3. Find out the correlation between Augmented Reality Technology (ART) and Science Education. 4. Identify the various strategies of Augmented Reality Technology (ART) for Science Education. The rising prominence of Augmented Reality (AR) technology stems from its ability to deliver captivating and interactive experiences to users. The current landscape of AR technology is characterized by its dynamic and fast-paced evolution, with numerous applications emerging across industries like gaming, retail, education, and healthcare. By overlaying digital content onto the physical world, AR technology creates a blended reality environment that offers engaging and immersive experiences to users. In particular, AR has the potential to revolutionize the methods through which students comprehend and interact with scientific and engineering concepts. It presents an opportunity for future research to delve deeper into exploring the extensive capabilities of this technology and unlock its full potential in educational contexts. Keywords : Augmented Reality Technology (ART); Education; Engineering; Science Education; Technology.

중소벤처기업의 조직 내부역량 및 외부 환경동태성이 해외진출 결정의도에 미치는 영향 연구 : 해외네트워크 지향성 조절효과 중심

The international expansion of small venture companies is regarded as a crucial strategy for the survival and growth of these firms, particularly as it serves as a motivation for companies with limited resources and capabilities to enter foreign markets. In light of the increasing emphasis on the significance of internationalization for small venture companies within the current business environment, this study aims to identify the key factors influencing the intention to pursue international expansion among domestic small venture companiess. To this end, a research model was established, wherein internal organizational capabilities and external environmental dynamism were treated as independent variables, while international network orientation was considered a moderating variable. A survey was conducted with a total of 264 executives and managerial personnel (CEOs, executives, and department heads) from small venture companies to test the proposed hypotheses. The study first examined the causal relationship between internal organizational capabilities and external environmental dynamism (including market dynamism and technological dynamism) on the intention to engage in international expansion. Secondly, it assessed the moderating effect of international network orientation on the relationship between internal organizational capabilities, external environmental dynamism, and the intention to expand internationally. The findings of this research are as follows: First, internal organizational capabilities (including CEO global orientation, technological capabilities, market information utilization, and investment attraction capabilities) and market dynamism positively influence the intention to pursue international expansion, while technological dynamism was found to have a negative impact. Second, the study demonstrated the importance of international network orientation in moderating the relationship between internal organizational capabilities and the intention to expand internationally, thereby contributing new insights to the existing literature. Based on the results of this study, several implications for enhancing international expansion are proposed. First, the global orientation of the CEO emerges as the most critical factor in the decision-making process for international expansion, highlighting the need for dedicated programs to support CEOs in this endeavor. Second, small venture companies should focus on strengthening their internal organizational capabilities—specifically in terms of human resources, technology, market knowledge, and investment capabilities—while also developing strategies to expand their external networks for successful internationalization. Finally, it is essential for relevant institutions to collaborate in establishing training programs for market experts that are suitable for a knowledge-based society, thereby facilitating the international expansion of small venture companies.

Human–artificial intellectual capital…beyond a fragmented perspective

PurposeHuman and artificial intelligence has often been examined through competitive and oppositional lenses, which may no longer suffice in modern digital and knowledge-based societies. This paper advocates for a holistic perspective by integrating human and artificial intelligence within the conceptual framework of intellectual capital (IC).Design/methodology/approachEmploying a deductive approach rooted in systems theory, this study reinterprets established dimensions of IC for the era of artificial intelligence.FindingsDrawing inspiration from the Information Variety Model and the 4C Curve Model, both developed within the research framework of the Viable Systems Approach, a conceptual framework is proposed to transcend fragmented perspectives. It aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of human–artificial intelligence relations within the realm of IC.Originality/valueThis paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on the potential evolution of IC in the era of artificial intelligence by presenting a multidisciplinary framework that challenges reductionist perspectives. It underscores the importance of systems thinking in reframing, analyzing and discussing key dimensions of IC in the context of the artificial intelligence era.

The impact of budget allocation by research service and platform providers on R&D outcomes: Reassessing the value of investment in research infrastructure in a knowledge-based society

This study aims to empirically analyze the impact of budget allocation by the Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI) on national research competitiveness, thereby reassessing the value of investing in research infrastructure within a knowledge-based society. In the 21st century, research and development (R&D) have emerged as a pivotal element of national competitiveness, underlining the increasing importance of investments aimed at constructing and enhancing research infrastructure. However, empirical studies examining the causal relationship between research infrastructure investment and national research competitiveness are still notably scarce. Accordingly, this research endeavors to systematically delineate the effect of research infrastructure investment, with a focus on KISTI’s budget allocation, on enhancing national R&D outcomes. To achieve this, the structural relationship between KISTI’s budget, national R&D budget, and various academic and industrial performance indicators was analyzed using multiple regression and simple regression analysis. In particular, by demonstrating the mechanism through which the budget management of research support organizations like KISTI contributes to strengthening national research competitiveness, this study aims to shed new light on the strategic value of research infrastructure investment in a knowledge-based society. Furthermore, these findings are expected to provide valuable evidence for the formulation of national R&D policies in Korea and the strategic planning of budget operations for research support organizations. Through strategic investment of limited budgets, this could enhance the efficiency of national R&D investments and contribute to strengthening the capacity for scientific and technological innovation required in a knowledge-based society.

Knowledge entrepreneurship in higher education institutions: a perspective of knowledge sharing and entrepreneurial leadership in Pakistani HEIs

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to contribute to the research of knowledge management in higher education institutions (HEIs) by studying the enablers of knowledge entrepreneurship. Anchored in the dynamic capability theory, knowledge entrepreneurship is heterogeneously distributed in HEIs and is critical for the sustenance of organizations in the knowledge economy. This aim is realized by understanding the determinants of knowledge entrepreneurship and empirically investigating the relationship of knowledge-sharing behaviour and entrepreneurial leadership with knowledge entrepreneurship.Design/methodology/approachData was collected through structured questionnaires from 550 faculty members of HEIs in Pakistan by adequately representing the sample size through regional stratification and proportionate sampling. Data was analyzed through the Analysis of Moment Structures software where the data validation and reliability were achieved using correlations, confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modelling to generate generalizable results.FindingsThe findings revealed that knowledge sharing is an important component in developing knowledge entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial leadership is pivotal in providing the support, vision and autonomy to individuals with personal and professional capabilities to ensure the creation of new knowledge, collaboration and innovation.Research limitations/implicationsThe study contributes to an understanding of relationship of knowledge sharing and entrepreneurial leadership that leads to promotion of knowledge entrepreneurship in HEIs of Pakistan. In addition, the findings of the study extend the existing literature on knowledge entrepreneurship by offering the positive mediating role of entrepreneurial leadership in the universities of Pakistan, hence, addressing the specific challenges and opportunities faced by the HEIs of a developing country like Pakistan. The theoretical framework of the study elucidates the importance of knowledge sharing and entrepreneurial leadership by using the dynamic capabilities theory and extends the scope of the aforementioned theory in entrepreneurial leadership realm.Practical implicationsBy generating an understanding of the dynamics of knowledge entrepreneurship this study tries to help policymakers and educational leaders to develop strategies to cultivate a culture of knowledge sharing and entrepreneurial leadership in Pakistani HEIs. Building the entrepreneurial ecosystem entails prioritizing knowledge creation, knowledge sharing and retention that can lead to innovative solutions for local and global challenges.Originality/valueThe study used dynamic capabilities theory to link the knowledge and resources together for the education sector for sustainable outcomes in the knowledge economy. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to empirically study the behaviour of HEIs to create and support knowledge entrepreneurship in the presence of entrepreneurial leadership in the context of a developing country, Pakistan. Becoming a knowledge-based society will help Pakistan upgrade itself to the list of developed countries.

Is Google driving us dumb? The introspective looping

Creativity is a key source of strategic advantage in nowadays knowledge-based society. However, reactive paradigms still dominate innovation theory: solutions follow well-known problems. But triggering radical innovation requires proactive creativity, implying using information to constantly find new problems to solve. Led by Google, personalization strategies use algorithms to obtain filtered information, meeting particular users’ expected preferences. This phenomenon, largely neglected by management research and practice, has received substantial criticism, around the concerns that it impoverishes social discourse, slows down human brain thinking capability, and eventually reduces creativity and innovation potential. Indeed, research has confirmed the positive impact that exposure to numerous and divergent external stimuli has on individual creativity. Thought-provoking questions emerge: Will customized search outputs affect companies’ competitive capabilities? If personalized search results reduce the diversity and overall wealth of stimuli received, will creativity and innovation in organizations be diminished? How can managers prevent this potentially dangerous process?

Exploring Digital Learning Opportunities and Challenges in Higher Education Institutes: Stakeholder Analysis on the Use of Social Media for Effective Sustainability of Learning–Teaching–Assessment in a University Setting in Qatar

The use of social media (SM) platforms in higher education has seen significant growth since the global pandemic disrupted traditional learning methods and forced stakeholders to explore alternatives. This trend is expected to continue with the rise of newer digital learning platforms, tools, programs and pedagogies, particularly within the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the evolution towards Education 4.0 and Education 5.0. Despite a significant level of research into SM’s role in informal learning, there has been limited exploration of its integration into pedagogical practices, particularly regarding assessment challenges and innovations in university settings. Additionally, there is scarce research on mobile applications in academics, hindering the effective integration of SM platforms into curricula. This study addresses these gaps by examining stakeholder perceptions of using SM for educational purposes in a university setting in Qatar. Following a comprehensive and comparative literature review and analysis, a thematic analysis of interviews with 20 stakeholders revealed that SM platforms go beyond communication, serving as tools to enhance professional identity, reputation, research profiles, knowledge dissemination, and social practices, but they lack methodologies to integrate effective learning, either independently or in formal learning/teaching/assessment settings. This study proposes a framework to optimize the use of SM platforms, with a particular focus on sustainability, for lifelong learning and knowledge-based societies leading to more sustainable and prosperous economies. The findings encourage the reconsideration of digital assessment and the expansion pedagogical practices in alignment with modern social learning through an expansive array of SM tools and platforms.

UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS' ATTITUDE TOWARD RESEARCH IN PUBLIC SECTOR COLLEGES OF LAHORE

The students' attitudes are more significant in the modern world than their experiences and academic preparation. A positive attitude toward research is the key to success and progress in knowledge-based societies. The study aimed to investigate undergraduate students' attitudes towards research in public sector colleges of Lahore. The population of this study comprised of B.Ed. (Hons.) students. The sample was selected over convenient sampling technique of 180 students from five public sector colleges in Lahore. A five-point Likert scale questionnaire developed by Papanastasiou was used for data collection. The data was analyzed through statistical package for social sciences-20 using descriptive and inferential statistics. A T-test was used to find differences based on gender. The results offered significant information for reaching the conclusion and making suitable decisions about research issues under study. It was revealed that most students had a positive attitude towards research. Moreover, there was a significant difference between the attitudes of males and females toward research, with more positive attitudes by male students.

The Role of Secure Property Rights in Driving Economic Growth: A Review of Recent Evidence

This paper aims to briefly explain the factors contributing to economic growth, particularly emerging and developing economies, emphasizing the impacts of secure property rights. Tangible and intangible assets such as land and minerals, patents and copyrights offer the investors legal recognition that enhances investment, inventive activities and efficient market exchange. The review demonstrates how property rights reforms have positively impacted agricultural yields, credit facilities, and FDI in sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia and Latin American countries. The paper also focuses on the impact of intellectual property rights on technological advancement, especially in knowledge-based societies. While the previous shows that there are gains in reforms in property rights, it has to be stated that there are still hurdles in the implementation of property rights reforms for the benefit of the more significant population due to the following: ? Finally, the paper reiterates the importance of efficient and precise laws and policies that will enhance the efficiency of the property rights to enhance the economic returns.

Practice-Integrated Study Programs in Agriculture Sciences for A Better School to Work Transition in Albania and Kosovo: A Stakeholders Overview

The quality of study programs in higher education plays a crucial role in helping graduates transition from university to the labor market. There is a risk of losing qualified human resources in a knowledge-based society and economy if the education provided does not meet the needs of the labor market. This has led governments and higher education institutions in Albania and Kosovo to reconsider their academic offerings and study program curriculums to better integrate graduates into the labor market. This study examines how stakeholders, both private and public institutions, perceive the practical orientation of higher education study programs in agricultural sciences. A structured questionnaire with closed-ended questions using a Likert rating scale was used to analyze the views and expectations of employees in the public and private sectors about the practical skills that graduates in agricultural sciences should possess. The total number of analyzed questionnaires was 294. Employers in the labor market consider work-based placements, continuous training, and international training of students as "very important" to meet the demand for skills in the labor market. More than 91% of public institution executives stressed the importance of "practice" in reducing the practical skills gap for students, compared to 78% of private sector employees. The findings revealed that public employees are more aware than private sector employers that close cooperation between HEIs and work-life partners is crucial for producing a “university product” that meets future society's needs.

Evolusi Pemikiran dan Lingkungan yang Berubah menuju Knowledge Base Society: Sudut Pandang Ekonomi Pancasila

The past century has seen a significant evolution in human development, with the rise of the concept of human capital and the role of organizations in achieving this goal. The Indonesian Economic Outlook 2004 highlights the importance of human capital in the country's economic development, including the transition to a zero-carbon economy, the promotion of good governance, and the development of a knowledge-based society. Organizational management has evolved over time, with theories such as individualism and sosialism emerging. The modern era of management, from 1910 to 1930, focused on micro and macro management, with a focus on individual productivity and organizational structure. The leading management style, also known as "The Human Era," was influenced by the work of psychologists like Frank and Gilbert, who emphasized the importance of human involvement in management. The development of human capital has been influenced by various factors, including the rise of the Industrial Revolution, the rise of the Industrial Revolution, and the rise of the Industrial Revolution.

Interdisciplinary learning combining engravings and poems by teachers in initial training

Interdisciplinary is proposed to address a technologic knowledge-based society. This research employs quantitative methodology to analyze the perception of an integrated interdisciplinary practice involving engraving and poetry among 63 teachers in initial training. The goal is to identify correlations between age, gender, and the three dimensions of interdisciplinary. We infer a moderate positive correlation between age and the perception of skills, and a weak correlation with the perception of knowledge and interdisciplinary attitude dimensions, yielding results. This research aligns with the stance in favor of interdisciplinary education, advocating for its importance from pre-university to university levels, as a preparation for students to tackle complexity.

The role of information technology in managing the human resource development of educators in inclusion-based primary schools in Greece

The rapid growth in technology offers both benefits and challenges to traditional teaching and learning methods in the field of education. Not only is information technology (IT) a study topic itself, but it also has a significant impact on all other academic fields. The ways in which teaching, learning, and human resource management are conducted in educational institutions are changing as a result of the integration of IT, particularly in inclusive settings. The purpose of this project is to investigate the effects of using a variety of IT tools and integrating IT into the curriculum in inclusive elementary schools in Greece. It looks at the ways in which these variables affect the development and management of human resources, with an emphasis on teachers working in inclusive environments. A questionnaire survey was sent to 396 education sector experts, which made it possible to get quantifiable information about these experts' opinions on the influence and integration of IT in learning environments. The findings show that the deployment of different IT tools in inclusive schools and the integration of these technologies into the inclusive curriculum have a favorable impact on the efficient management and development of human resources in these learning settings. The study confirms that integrating IT into the classroom is essential to prepare pupils for life in a knowledge-based society. To keep up with the rapid improvements in technology and economic globalization, educational institutions must proactively innovate and change their methods to human resource management.

Preferences, Institutions, and Policy Makers: The Case of the New Institutionalization of Science, Technology, and Innovation Governance in Colombia

Abstract Science, technology, and innovation (STI) are fundamental elements for achieving development and sustainable growth. Developing STI is also currently the main challenge faced by countries, especially those with emerging economies, making it essential that these countries implement comprehensive policies to generate a knowledge-based society. Institutions and policy-makers are responsible for defining the rules by which a society is governed. In particular, it is widely held that institutions should place special emphasis on establishing property rights, legal systems, customs, and the political systems based on which central planners should govern. From this perspective, this study integrates qualitative and quantitative analysis through a preference model with three types of STI policy-makers and projections to better clarify the requirements for new STI institutions in Colombia. It does so by using the time series of STI spending generated by the Administrative Department of STI (Colciencias) from 1968 to 2018. The simulation results show that among the chosen agents, the STI policy preferences of the scientist-manager yield economic outcomes closest to the optimal level. In contrast, the yield of the politician’s preferences is suboptimal and even negative at certain points. These results have implications for public policy, as poor policy choices may lead to undesirable results in terms of STI policy application, implementation, and execution. These findings are important for strengthening STI policy. They also indicate the important role of the government in transforming Colombia from being a receiver of technology to being a generator of knowledge, technology, and innovation in line with the requirements of the country’s population and its natural resource endowments.

Investigation of research support services (RSS) in academic libraries of India

Research is crucial not only for the growth of a country but also for society as a whole, especially in a knowledge-based society. At each stage of research, scientists and researchers require support from various research stakeholders in the form of information resources and pertinent assistance. Consequently, academic libraries, as one of the most important stakeholders in research and the backbone of knowledge acquisition, storage, and dissemination processes, offer a variety of services to support research endeavors in their parent institutions. The current study classifies these services into eight major categories, viz. “Research Guides, Research Consultancy, Research Impact Measurement, Open Access, Research Tools Recommendation, Research Data Management (RDM), Scholarly Publishing, and Archiving and Preservation of Research Output (Article, Data, etc.).” The purpose of this study is to investigate the implementation status of these Research Support Services (RSS) in academic libraries of India (which include a total of 212 institutions, counting all of India’s “Central Universities (CUs)” (56) and “Institutes of National Importance (INIs)” (156) by referring to the related information provided on their respective library websites. The findings show that Indian academic libraries lack significant adoption and cognizance of research support services, and their implementation is in its infancy. The study reveals that very few academic libraries offer RDM services, whereas the vast majority of academic libraries provide recommendations for research tools. Indian academic libraries need to actively explore various RSS and make them a part of their core offerings. Additionally, they should look into novel ways to support researchers at different phases of their studies.

The Impact of Creativity on Primary, Secondary, and University Education in a Knowledge-Based Society

Due to the unfolding of the third technological revolution and the development of a knowledge-based society, there is an increasing demand for knowledge, particularly driven by the need for innovation. This has elevated the requirement for creativity, which, for the foundation of society, is reflected in education. The theme of this paper is the manifestation of creativity, innovative ability, and innovative thinking in the field of education, along with recommendations for promoting their development. Through literature research, the author aims to understand the impact of creativity on education at different stages and address the lack of creativity among young people by suggesting improvements to the educational model. After some kind of research, the result is that creativity will have different influences among ages. In primary school, teachers should pay more attention to their imagination; in terms of secondary school, teachers need to focus on students’ hands-on ability; as for the college students, teachers ought to encourage them to innovate. So, in order to advance their creative ability to prepare a knowledge-based society in the future, the author also gives some scientific suggestions.

Understanding Cambodian Provincial University Students’ Perspectives on Cambodia’s Vision to Become a Knowledge-Based Society

This study examines the perspectives of Cambodian provincial university students about Cambodia’s vision to transform itself into a knowledge-based society. The study employed a qualitative approach to gather data to answer three research questions. Based on in-depth interviews with 21 university students from three provinces, including Battambang, Siem Reap, and Svay Rieng, it was found that Cambodian university students had a superficial understanding of the term knowledge-based society. They were ambivalent, expressing both optimism and pessimism, when it came to Cambodian universities’ contributions to supporting Cambodia’s development into a knowledge society. The study also revealed a number of challenges facing university students in provincial Cambodia, such as limited access to educational resources and opportunities, inadequate opportunities for gaining practical knowledge and skills needed for the job market, and other issues of various nature. The study sheds light on how Cambodian university students perceive Cambodia’s aspirations for becoming a knowledge-based society and has implications for policy, practice, and future research.