Knowledge-based Economic Growth Research Articles

The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment between Creative Self-Efficacy, Authentic Leadership and Innovative Behaviour among Academic Employees of Higher Education Sector of Punjab, Pakistan

The higher education sector in developing counties has undergone through dynamic changes in recent era due to highly innovative and competitive environment. The phenomenon of innovation behaviour has gained intensive importance due to its long-lasting impact on performance of industry. The growth of knowledge-based economy is linked with innovative initiatives of employees of higher education sector. The proposed research contributes to the body of knowledge by explaining the relationship between exogenous constructs and innovative behaviour based on the theories of social exchange and social cognition as both theories explains the innovative behaviour of employees. The proposed research intends to bridge the research gap and inconclusive results between constructs to explain the innovative behaviour of academic employees of higher education sector. Moreover, the mediation role of affective commitment is incorporated for deeper insight of innovative behaviour. The data was obtained from academic employees of the public sector universities of Punjab, Pakistan through simple random sampling and was analysed on Smart-PLS. The authentic leadership considered as one of the crucially important factors at workplace that influence the affective commitment and innovative behaviour. The study reported significant results for hypothesis H1 that affective commitment influences the innovative behaviour, the hypothesis H2 reported that creative self-efficacy influences the innovative behaviour, they hypothesis H3 reports that authentic leadership influence the innovative behaviour. The hypothesis H4 depicts that creative self-efficacy influences the affective commitment, the hypothesis H5 found that authentic leadership influences the affective commitment. Similarly, the mediation role of affective commitment reported as significant between authentic leadership and innovative behaviour, however no mediation role of affective commitment was reported between creative self-efficacy and innovative behaviour. The findings of the study assist universities management to ensure the appropriate and supportive workplace initiatives for inclined innovative behaviours among employees. The future study may be conducted on comparison of highly innovative universities and less innovative educational institutes.

A Preliminary Study of Succession Planning on the Career Development: The UTMSPACE Academic-Corporate Organisation Perspective

Academic corporate university as a hybrid organisations must have particular abilities to achieve tangible positive financial outcomes within and beyond the organisation. To reflect the empowerment of the oragnisation as a knowledge-based economic growth provider, this article aims to explore the succession planning programme in both academic-oriented organisations and business-oriented organisations. The study compares and contrast the literatures, based on three themes, impact to individual, impact to organisation and succession planning approach or practice. The finding showed that succession planning improves employee attitude, skills and relationship with the leader in both academic and business-oriented organisations. It also helps company to build understanding with the employees, fulfil organisation needs, save cost and meet its objectives. Succession planning is implemented through leadership, mentorship, skills development and training programmes in the organisation. This article contributes to our understanding of implementation of succession planning at the hybrid organisation (academic-corporate university) as the competitive educational indicator to practices and strategies created by organisations.

Revitalizing the race between technology and education: Investigating the growth strategy for the knowledge-based economy based on a CGE analysis

This study conducted quantitative policy experiments using a computable general equilibrium model to investigate how long-run economic growth can be achieved through the endogenous interactions between innovation and human capital accumulation. The analysis found that there are limits to driving productivity growth and enhancing growth potential when focusing solely on the expansion of technological innovation. However, our results suggest that promotion of the complementarity between technological innovation and human capital formation may alleviate the inequalities of wages and employment induced by skill-biased technological change, promoting balanced growth among industrial sectors with higher productivity improvement and scale effects. This study suggests that in order to spur long-run growth in knowledge-based economy, policymakers should establish educational infrastructure to support workers to move up the skill ladder and cope with rapid technological change.

Formation of civil servants' creativity through transformative leadership

PurposeCreativity is the core of digital knowledge-based economic growth and competitiveness. Given the fact that public service is a major contributor to the country's governance system, creativity among civil servants should be enhanced. Effective leadership in public services is necessary to nurture the creativity of high-quality public services. This study aims to examine the effects of transformational leadership on civil servant's creativity.Design/methodology/approachThis study was conducted in six selected public service agencies. A total of 214 questionnaires were distributed to civil servant offices, only 82.2 percent (176 questionnaires) were returned. Data were tested using SMART PLS to determine whether the four transformational leadership dimensions, namely, intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, individual consideration, and inspirational motivation, exhibit a significant effect on creativity of civil servant officers.FindingsFindings showed positive effects of the four transformational leadership dimensions on the civil servant's creativity.Research limitations/implicationsWith small sample size, this study can still be expanded to all available public services sector in urban and rural area to gain a wider perspective.Practical implicationsThis study presents strong managerial implications that can be used by public service to evaluate the consequence of transformational leadership on the creativity of employees, particularly the young civil servants. Through transformational leadership style, public service leaders can foster and improve young civil servants' creativity and share knowledge to achieve high performance.Originality/valueWith genuine verified measurement of transformative leadership and public sector creativity, the path correlation analysis shows that intellectual stimulation, idealized influence, individual consideration, and inspirational motivation have significant direct effects on creativity of the civil servant.

Collaboration between universities, government, and industries: applying the triple helix relationship model to Indonesian education improvement

Triple helix model is a dynamic interaction approach to facilitate the government, industries, and academia for continuously generating innovative products to encounter global knowledge-based economic trend. This article firstly reviews and analyses the purposes, operations, and effects of the three sectors collaboration at Empire State Development Division of Science, Technology and Innovation and the Medicon Valley. Three supporting factors are identified, human resources quality, competitive supporting system, and entrepreneurship, as the key factors for the successful trilateral collaboration. The second part of the article presents a conceptual framework to implement the mutual collaboration model in Indonesia. Finally, this paper suggests the three institutions in Indonesia to actively reconstruct their roles in society to create new innovative product and/or innovative area creation in order to speed up the growth of knowledge-based economy, which in turn provide well-being and comfort for the individual and society.

Supporting the production of pharmaceuticals in Africa

Supporting the production of pharmaceuticals in Africa

Knowledge-based Economic Growth in Kazakhstan

Mineral resource rich countries are under pressure to diversify their sources of growth and employment in the face uncertain demand and fluctuating prices for their products. Moreover, because the mineral sector generates few jobs and linkages to other subsectors, it is only by building capabilities in other areas that economies such as Kazakhstan can gainfully absorb an expanding and better-educated workforce. Given the small size of its domestic market, its remoteness, and its relatively high wage rates, Kazakhstan cannot compete with Asian countries in the production of standardized manufactures. Hence as this article discusses, Kazakhstan must acquire and enhance technological capabilities in niche manufacturing, agro-industries, and certain high value tradable services. And it needs to exploit the ongoing regional investment in transport and logistics to tap opportunities across Central Asia and in Europe. Kazakhstan’s RD&I system is at an early stage of development; however, it has the resources to scale up the research infrastructure and to rapidly improve the quality of human capital—as China and other East Asian countries have done. The experience of other small—and remote—economies examined in the article indicates that with good policies, perseverance, and some luck, resource-rich countries can nurture an ecosystem of globally competitive firms that in conjunction with the mineral sector can sustain the rates of growth that Kazakhstan is targeting.

A Reassessment of the Roles of Technoscience Parks in Malaysia: Towards Developing A Sustainable Innovation Ecosystem

Technoscience parks, a policy tool in the 1970s and 1980s, have remained a popular policy tool today,particularly in response to the urgency of developing and strengthening knowledge-based economic growth. Ingeneral, this paper examines the historical evolution and potentials of technoscience parks as innovation supportsystem in Malaysia. Specifically this study aims at exploring the motivating and hindering factors to successfuldevelopment of technoscience parks in Malaysia. To achieve the stated objectives, this study employs acombination of case study, document-research, and interviews. Based on case studies conducted on severaltechnoscience parks in Malaysia, it is found that the Malaysian technoscience parks are still lagging behind othertechnoscience parks in the world. Their roles are very much confined to low value-added activities with lessemphasis on innovative performance. This article claims that a reassessment of the roles of technoscience parksshould be given due consideration This article highlights the great potentials of technoscience parks as the vitalsupport systems of innovation in Malaysia in enhancing effective governance of sustainability in science andtechnology. This study also offers some policy and managerial recommendations which they can take to reviewtheir progress, their plans as well as their roles in the innovation ecosystem.

Estimating the economic effects of university-industry collaboration

Universities are widely recognised as important drivers of knowledge-based economic growth, but robust assessments of the short-term, measurable impact of universities on their surrounding environment are few and far between. The present study uses a new and unique dataset on collaborations by the University of Copenhagen to ask the following question: What are the effects on companies' productivity growth of formal collaboration with a research-intensive university? By using Propensity Score Matching to undertake counterfactual analysis and afterwards testing the significance of the results with a difference-in-difference approach, we find evidence of a significant and positive relationship between companies entering into formal R&D collaboration with the university and the subsequent productivity development. We show that the growth patterns of the collaborating companies are significantly stronger compared to those of the selected control group. Implications and questions for further research are discussed.

Green Economy: Researching Working from Home in Building Sector

The rapid growth of telework or working from home (WFH) is inspired by the growth in knowledge-based economy, rapid technology progress, virtual operations and digital workforce. The original push on teleworking as a tool for cutting traffic congestion and improving air quality did not lead to large-scale adoption of teleworking in Malaysia. Indeed the research of WFH in Malaysia is scarce and its implementation among the organizations almost unavailable even though the nation is moving towards promoting green economy. However, with the sustainability and green concerns, teleworking can be considered a part of firm’s strategic and innovative to enhance competitive advantage which may lead to economic and environmental improvement. Thus the emerging trend for sustainable growth (e.g. quality education, modern workforce, green innovation, knowledge and digital society) has inspired this research to seek the benefits of working from home (WFH), factors that trigger WFH and basic requirements for WFH to be initiated have been unearthed by many researchers and implemented by many developed countries in the world. This paper explores the literature on WFH in some of the developed countries and the topic of WFH in Malaysian scenario is discussed by proposing a framework for future research to be carried out by Malaysian organizations.

A Model of a Firm’s Innovation and Growth in a Knowledge-Based Economy

Knowledge-based economies use knowledge as an input of production to produce knowledge-intensive products and services. In such economies, a firm’s growth crucially depends on knowledge accumulation, technical change and the resulting innovation activities. To achieve sustained growth, a firm must keep on innovating. A firm’s core competence and its refinement and development over time play a crucial role in a firm’s innovation activities and its growth. In this paper, a conceptual framework of a firm’s innovation and growth in knowledge-based economy is presented. This framework is based on a firm’s core competence and its development over time within a firms’ cluster. This model is empirically estimated and evaluated, in a pilot study, via a data set from a manufacturing cluster of 128 firms operating in the North East England. The empirical results provide some support for the proposed framework. In particular, it is found that the conditional probability that a firm undertakes R&D activity to innovate in such a cluster of firms is over 70 %.

Bridging knowledge to commercialization: the good, the bad, and the challenging

This paper investigates a new emerging phenomenon in the debate of knowledge-based economic growth called “bridging knowledge to commercialization”. The paper considers commercialization of knowledge as a complex and a multi-faceted phenomenon and aims to highlight “the good”, “the bad” and “the challenging” in commercialization of knowledge from a taxonomic perspective. The paper has four objectives: (1) to examine the emerging concepts in bridging knowledge to commercialization while addressing related issues in the literature and to offer a conceptual framework on the basis of a typology of metaphores for knowledge; (2) to highlight the societal benefits of commercialization of knowledge in a regional development context; (3) to underline the value conflicts and differences in culture and perspectives in the valuation of knowledge in order to better understand the commercialization process; and (4) to highlight the challenges for academia, industry and government while describing the critical framework conditions that are needed to effectively foster commercialization of knowledge. While addressing the academic, societal, spatial, cultural and ethical implications of knowledge commercialization, the paper highlights retrospects and prospects from regional development perspective.

Integrated Approach to Entrepreneurship – Knowledge based Economy: A Conceptual Model

Today entrepreneurship as one of the basic resources to produce wealth and as a kind of stimulus for development in the world, has led to productivity and economic growth. On the other hand, Knowledge-Based Economy(KBE) relied on manufacturing, distribution and application of knowledge and information and try to exploit the knowledge for economic development, organization policies and international agencies. So the necessity of combining these two concepts to increase the efficiency and utilization of human resources and extensive knowledge simultaneously, in order to advance the major organizations goals will be felt more than ever. In this paper while addressing the topics of entrepreneurship, knowledge-based economy is defined and its prerequisites and consequences have been enumerated. The success criteria and the key role of knowledge in this new economy have been gathered from various sources. Then a conceptual-compiling model, derived from various aspects in development and growth of knowledge-based economy and entrepreneurship has been presented. This new model is called the knowledge-based entrepreneurship emphasizing on the synergy of these two concepts in order to achieve competitive advantages such as high efficiency, optimal use of knowledge and human capital, and making fundamental changes in the entrepreneurial organization.

The Relationship Between Good Governance and Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia’s Knowledge-based Economic Growth

The Relationship Between Good Governance and Foreign Direct Investment in East Asia’s Knowledge-based Economic Growth

Entrepreneurial Universities for the UK: A ‘Stanford University’ at Bamburgh Castle?

It is suggested that the value of projected cuts in UK higher education spending should be redirected to fund start-up entrepreneurial universities as part of a strategy for knowledge-based economic growth. Two specific elements of academic entrepreneurial redesign are outlined: the Professor of Practice, linking university and industry through half-time roles in each, and the Novum Trivium tripartite undergraduate degree, including a speciality subject, entrepreneurship education and a foreign language. A far-reaching response to resolve the economic crisis by hastening the foundation of university start-ups and their development into new clusters is envisioned.

Policy forum: A trans-Keynesian vision of innovation for the contemporary economic crisis: 'picking winners' revisited

We argue that the current economic crisis is a fault line in the transition from an industrial to a knowledge-based society and is thus potentially subject to a different set of dynamics than previous crises, like the Great Depression of the 1930s, which occurred within an existing mode of production. A qualitatively different response is needed to address the current downturn: one that puts in place new drivers for long-term knowledge-based economic renewal and growth. Keynesian methods, are no longer sufficient. Large-scale targeted government intervention in the innovation system and support to knowledge-based firms, technologies, products and services are required to compensate for declining innovation support from the private sector and boost economic growth. ‘Picking winners’ approaches that proved successful during World War II and afterwards need to be revisited, to hasten recovery from the current economic crisis and manage the transition to a knowledge-based regime. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

On the Dynamics of Knowledge-Based Economic Growth

A geometric approach to characterize the solutions of higher-dimensional dynamic optimization problems is applied to a model of knowledge-based economic growth. The characterization reveals a variety of growth patterns, ranging from sustained growth to stagnation. Growth processes exhibit a turnpike property, reaching as rapidly as possible the path along which human and physical capital are equally productive at the margin and evolving along it thereafter. Some growth processes display overshooting behavior and some are sensitive to threshold capital stocks.

Learning regions in an evolutionary context: policymaking for high technology firms

We address learning capability in regions or countries with regard to enhancing high-technology economic activity. We adopt an evolutionary perspective, enabling a focus on uncertainty stemming from a complex system and a dynamic multi-actor situation, and to deal with path dependency. First, we discuss public policy making by taking governments as learning organisations in the design and implementation of policies for knowledge-based economic growth. Secondly, we consider needs of small high-technology firms and implications of these for regional knowledge policies. Thirdly, we analyse a particular policy to enhance knowledge-based economic growth in the Netherlands, i.e. concerning biotechnology start-ups, and consider this policy critically from an evolutionary perspective. It appears that after a few years various learning strategies have been adopted, but that others still need to be undertaken. The paper concludes with a discussion on what additional insights can be achieved in policy analysis by using an evolutionary view.

An Overview: Themed Section on Globalisation and Welfare Systems in Asia

The latest period of expansion in the international economy has been characterised by the liberalisation of capital movements, the deregulation of major financial markets and the spread of neo-liberal beliefs in the merits of open and competitive trade, the disadvantages of big government and protectionist policies (Hirst, 1997). The rapid advancement of information and communication technology and the growth of knowledge-based economy have led to the gradual replacement of the conventional resource-based economies. ‘A techno-economic paradigm of information and communications technology and the knowledge-based economy has created a new knowledge-elite class that favours free markets in this post-industrial society, characterized by globalization, decentralization, deregulation and privatization’ (Low, 2003: 30–31).

An Audit Tool for Intellectual Property Management

Smart State is a Queensland Government initiative that recognises the central role of knowledge-based economic growth. In this context, the management of intellectual property (IP) within Queensland and Australian government research and development agencies has changed dramatically over recent years. Increasing expectations have been placed on utilising public sector IP to both underpin economic development and augment taxes by generating new revenues. Public sector research and development (R&D) management has come under greater scrutiny to commercialise and/or corporatise their activities. In a study of IP management issues in the Queensland Public Sector we developed a framework to facilitate a holistic audit of IP management in government agencies. In this paper we describe this framework as it pertains to one large public sector Agriculture R&D Agency, the Queensland Department of Primary Industries (QDPI). The four overlapping domains of the framework are: IP Generation; IP Rights; IP Uptake; and Corporate IP Support. The audit within QDPI, conducted in 2000 near the outset of Smart State, highlighted some well developed IP management practices within QDPI's traditional areas of focus of innovation (IP Generation) and IP ownership and licensing (IP Rights). However, further management practice developments are required to improve the domains of IP Uptake and Corporate IP Support.