Knowledge In Area Research Articles

Scientific terms as a part of comparative tropes of modern Russian prose

Modern Russian prose is characterized by the active use of scientific terms from different fields of knowledge, which act as images of comparison for comparative tropes. Such tropes are marked by stylistic emphasis, as they contain new information for the addressee. Comparative tropes are defined as metaphors and similes of various structural types. The purpose of our work is to analyze the use of scientific terms as images of comparison for comparative constructions and determine their functions in the texts of modern Russian prose. The material for the study is the works of E. Vodolazkin, A. Ivanov, A. Ilichevsky, A. Matveeva, V. Pelevin, D. Rubina, A. Salnikova, O. Slavnikova, M. Stepnova, O. Vasyakina and others. The article discusses terms in tropes representing different fields of science: physics, chemistry, mathematics, medicine, biology, physiology, linguistics, literary criticism, art history, and computer science. The most active in the comparative tropes of modern prose are biological, medical, physical and computer terms. The productivity of these terms is associated with the rapid development of these areas of knowledge and their role in modern society. Regarding parts of speech, most of them are substantives. By metaphorizing, terms are subject to determinologization. In prose texts, terms often have distributors that clarify, specify or modify the image of comparison. In modern prose, scientific terms as part of tropes perform a number of functions: the function of figurative characteristics of a person, object or phenomenon, the evaluative function, the text-forming and conceptualizing functions. Scientific terms as part of metaphors and similes replenish and update the literature language.

Physical Activity and Its Relationship with The Academic Performance of University Students

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variable Physical Activity and Academic Performance. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2017-2022 by Latin American institutions, achieving the identification of 134 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors regarding the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that Brazil, with 53 publications, was the Latin American country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions in that nation. The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material related to the study of Physical Activity and Academic Performance was Medicine with 81 published documents, and the most used Type of Publication during the period indicated above were Journal Articles with 88% of the total scientific production.

Gender and Sexuality Awareness in Medical Education and Practice: Mixed Methods Study.

The integration of gender and sexuality awareness in health care is increasingly recognized as vital for patient outcomes. Despite this, there is a notable lack of comprehensive data on the current state of physicians' training and perceptions in these areas, leading to a gap in targeted educational interventions and optimal health care delivery. The study's aim was to explore the experiences and perceptions of attending and resident physicians regarding the inclusion of gender and sexuality content in medical school curricula and professional practice in Israel. This cross-sectional survey targeted a diverse group of physicians across various specializations and experience levels. Distributed through Israeli Medical Associations and professional networks, it included sections on experiences with gender and sexuality content, perceptions of knowledge, the impact of medical school curricula on professional capabilities, and views on integrating gender medicine in medical education. Descriptive and correlational analyses, along with gender-based and medical status-based comparisons, were used, complemented, and enhanced by qualitative analysis of participants' replies. The survey, encompassing 189 respondents, revealed low-to-moderate exposure to gender and sexuality content in medical school curricula, with a similar perception of preparedness. A need for more comprehensive training was widely recognized. The majority valued training in these areas for enhancing professional capabilities, identifying 10 essential gender-related knowledge areas. The preference for integrating gender medicine throughout medical education was significant. Gender-based analysis indicated variations in exposure and perceptions. The study highlights a crucial need for the inclusion of gender and sexuality awareness in medical education and practice. It suggests the necessity for curriculum development, targeted training programs, policy advocacy, mentorship initiatives, and research to evaluate the effectiveness of these interventions. The findings serve as a foundation for future directions in medical education, aiming for a more inclusive, aware, and prepared medical workforce.

Project Change Canvas

Project management plays a critical role in boosting the success of organizations' projects. However, no matter how well a project is managed, changes are inevitable during its execution. It is crucial to evaluate the impact of these changes before implementing them to ensure they do not compromise the project's success. Existing techniques for assessing the effects of changes have several limitations—particularly in their failure to account for how changes might affect various aspects of project management, such as scope, cost, time, resources, communication, risk, procurement, or overall success. To overcome this limitation, this article introduces a new technique – the Project Change Canvas – that enables the systematic assessment of changes in information systems and technology projects by identifying and weighing their potential impacts across all relevant project management knowledge areas.

The Impact of Sustainable Tourism on the Economic and Social Development of Rural Destinations: A Case Study in Ecuador

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variables Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Rural Destinations. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 2018-2023, achieving the identification of 135 publications. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors regarding the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that Spain, with 19 publications, was the country with the highest scientific production registered in the name of authors affiliated with institutions in that nation. The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the construction of bibliographic material related to the study Sustainable Tourism, Economic Development and Rural Destinations, was Business, Administration and Accounting with 65 published documents, and the most used Type of Publication during the period indicated above were Journal Articles with 68% of the total scientific production.

MICHEL FOUCAULT E A FORMAÇÃO DISCURSIVA ACERCA DA LOUCURA: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

The production of this article is the result of the theoretical maturation provoked by the readings of Foucaultian works. As a consequence, we measure the depth of knowledge of this philosopher who greatly contributed to several areas of knowledge, such as psychology, history, law, biomedicine, among others. In this sense, this study aims to analyze and understand the discursive formation about madness. To achieve this goal, we propose a literature review and focus our efforts on his main work on this topic: The history of madness in the classical age. We also consider articles, dissertations and theses related to the theme, contemplating our methodological design. We used the main search engines in our investigation: Scielo and Google Scholar. Our results point to three different discourses about madness in three different historical periods that Foucault called a condition of possibility. We conclude that, in the Middle Ages, the discourse of madness was based on demonic possession. Already in the classical age, it was understood by discursive formations as a form of error, a daydream. In the 18th century, with the modern age and the scientific contours of the time, madness came to be understood by the medical psychiatrist discourse as a mental illness.

Interculturality In The Elderly From The Perspective Of Madeline Leininger's Theory

This bibliometric review analyzes the scientific production related to the variable Madeline Leininger's Theory registered in the Scopus database during the period 2018-2023. The main objective of the study was to identify and characterize the volume of publications, achieving a total of 28 documents. The information collected was organized by graphs, categorizing it by Year of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. The results reveal that Brazil is the country with the highest number of publications, reaching a total of 17 scientific papers. The area of Nursing stood out as the most prolific in terms of bibliographic contribution, with 22 documents. Likewise, Journal Articles accounted for 82% of total publications. This analysis also includes a qualitative study on the positions of various authors in relation to the topics addressed, providing a comprehensive view of the current state of research in this field. Among the main conclusions, it is possible to determine that Leininger's theory and model enriches the work of professionals since it stimulates the nursing profession to provide care in accordance with the culture, taking into account all the aspects that influence the health of the human being as they are according to the model of the rising sun: This model addresses factors such as education, economic, political, cultural, among others.

Active transport conceptual assessment (ATCA): a new tool for supporting the teaching and learning of physiology

ABSTRACT The physiological processes involved in the movement of molecules across a cell membrane form the basis for understanding several core concepts of physiology. A 10-item, two-tier multiple-choice diagnostic test was developed to evaluate first-year physiology students’ knowledge of active transport across the cell membrane. The diagnostic test was developed by collating common mistakes and areas of troublesome knowledge from tutorial worksheets, academic discussions, and the literature. A list of propositional statements was constructed, and questions were developed from these statements. The test was further refined following dialogue with students and physiology teaching staff. Analysis of the responses from two cohorts of first-year Human Physiology students (n = 886) demonstrated the assessment had a wide range of difficulty and good discrimination. Students performed better on the tier-one questions (What?) compared to the tier 2 questions (Why?). Several misconceptions were identified around the transport of glucose across the membrane, the predominant ions in the extracellular and intracellular fluids, and the role of ATP in active membrane transport. This diagnostic information can be used as a learning tool for students as a self-testing strategy, and for teachers as a method to evaluate and modify teaching practices.

Mapeo de tendencias en estudios sobre modelos de gestión administrativa en Centros de Adulto Mayor

The study conducted a mapping of the forms, models, or trends used in the administrative management of senior care centers. The objective of this research was to identify its evolution over time, as well as the countries, journals, articles, and representative authors, and the thematic connections and areas of knowledge, considering the concepts present in the scientific literature. Methodologically, it was approached based on the principles of the PRISMA statement through bibliometric analysis. The results of the search and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria allowed the identification of 93 articles extracted from Scopus in English. The results indicate that research published on the topic has shown two slight increases, one in 1997 and another in 2019, highlighting the United States as the leader in academic contributions. Three clusters were identified, which could guide future research by identifying scientific trends. Among the conclusions, bibliographic coupling stands out, presenting three important research streams that guide the scientific community, the productive sectors, and governments: greenhouse, mental health, and the evaluation of geriatric service delivery.

Applying the technology acceptance model to online self-learning: A multigroup analysis

This study focuses on the structure of self-learning as a multidimensional construct, through competences such as autonomy and study planning of undergraduate students, over the last three years. The objective of this study, framed by Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), aims to gain insights into the acceptance of self-learning in online educational models within a post-pandemic, university context. More specifically and innovatively, this study sets out to explore gender differences in self-learning adoption, as previous studies have observed various findings.Action variables and motivation play crucial roles in self-learning. Davis's original TAM model (1989) put forward five key variables, all of which are dealt with both theoretically and practically in this study. Additionally, this study puts forward several hypotheses based on the TAM model, addressing perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, attitude, user satisfaction and intention to use in the context of online learning.From a practical perspective, a multi-group analysis is carried out that has been applied to a sample made up of 313 male and female Spanish university students from different areas of knowledge. Questionnaires were conducted with all participants and statistics calculated; the results make it possible to affirm that the different dimensions of the self-learning structure are interrelated, and significant differences between men and women are observed in the adoption of the model.The study concludes that online education fosters a positive attitude toward self-learning in female students, unlike what happens with male students. While the sample size might be considered a limitation of the study, the study nonetheless observes that female students appear to be more inclined to develop a sense of self-learning. In contrast, male students—though consumers of self-learning– do not generate the same attitude. Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that online teaching is a way to promote self-learning in women, which may inform universities when designing programs promoting student autonomy with new technologies.

An Ontology Based Web Crawler with a Near-Duplicate Detection System to Improve the Performance of a Web Crawler

Purpose: The aim of the study is to examine how an ontology-based web crawler with a near-duplicate detection system improves the performance of a web crawler. Methodology: The experiment was carried out using secondary data from a sample web site which was used since crawling is an endless process. Using these two approaches, the ontology web crawler would search for relevant searches according to the search query of the user while the near-duplicate detection system would eliminate redundant data. Findings: It was observed that ontology web crawler performed better and faster than a normal crawler. It takes less execution time to search the web than other web crawlers. This is due to the fact that web documents are being filtered by the ontology web crawler such that only relevant web documents are retrieved according to the search query of the user. The relevant documents are further filtered by a near-duplicate detection system by removing web pages that are duplicates of each other and also remove near-duplicate web documents. This further reduces the number of web pages retrieved by the web crawler. This model saves on storage space because of the reduced number of web pages retrieved as it takes care of irrelevant and redundant web pages searched. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that the model can be improved to be dynamic by adding new relations that is the crawler should search for web pages related to the search even if they don’t contain the keywords searched. Domains and concepts should be added when visiting new web pages. Standardization of weights needs to be done because as of now experts assign weights to terms according to the area of expertise and knowledge.

Consistency of Youth Identity Construction in Media Texts: Development and Adaptation of Actor-Network Theory for Empirical Media Research (Сase Study)

The formation of youth identity in communication is on the agenda of many areas of humanitarian knowledge. We analyzed communication within the framework of an educational media project, which resulted in the construction of the expected identity. In the course of the analysis, we used a conceptual model of communication that combines the stages of identity construction in interaction with the environment and the actions of actors from the standpoint of the methodology of actor-network theory. A three-dimensional model of communication is presented for the first time, where actors and actants change the communicative process by their affordances and resistance. The obtained results allow to delineate the necessary actions of human and non-human actors at each stage of communication and identity integration, giving the opportunity to justify a new theoretical direction in the study of the problems of identity construction through media communication. The methodology requires further testing, but there are already positive results. The tendency of actualization of urban identity of young people depending on the focus on interaction with the heritage of the city and according to the stages of communication, according to the conceptual model, has been established. The article is intended for specialists in mass communication and journalism, and will also be useful for those interested in the ontological turn in humanitarian knowledge, actor-network theory, discourse and media text analysis.

Modelling the Influence of Management Practices on Sustainable Market Performance in Serbian Enterprises

In the evolving global market, new business conditions necessitate that enterprises adapt and construct organizational structures grounded in new principles and the implementation of contemporary management methods. This is particularly crucial for enterprises in transitional economies, which need to be highly flexible and innovative to meet the increasing demands of users swiftly, employ modern management techniques, and gain a competitive edge. The modern business environment assumes that there are very few products, technologies, services, knowledge areas, or procedures unavailable to interested groups worldwide. This study examines the influence of modern management methods and techniques (MMMTs), human resource management (HRM), quality management (QM), and intellectual capital management (ICM) on the sustainable market performance (SMPC) of these enterprises. A structured survey was conducted among 146 managers from various Serbian industrial enterprises, and the data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, and multicollinearity tests. The results revealed significant positive correlations between MMMTs, HRM, QM, ICM, and SMPC, with quality management having the highest impact. These findings provide valuable insights for improving business competitiveness in Serbia’s industrial sector. The results also support the development of an integrated model for sustainable management practices in transitional economies.

The game as a methodological means of training students of humanities at the university

The article is written in the context of an integrative approach to psychology that combines methods for studying personality and group from different areas of human knowledge, contributing to the creation of a comprehensive psychosocial methodological apparatus aimed at studying the process of providing social and psychological support and assistance in an individual and group format. The article reveals the essence of a psychological game as a resource that contributes to the formation and development of professionally significant personal qualities and skills of university students majoring in the humanities (psychology students). In the course of the study, we proved the possibility of developing empathy in students with the help of psychological game practices in the educational environment of the university. Conceptualization of the definitions of the phenomena of the emotional sphere of personality functioning in bachelors of the 1st and 2nd years of study was carried out. The effectiveness of the development of game materials was assessed: bingo sheets and emotionally rich dialogues, as a stimulus material for recognizing emotions. A methodological justification for the effective use of gamification technologies in the educational process at the university is given. As a result of the empirical study, the training focus of the developed game «Empati-Bingo» was determined, prospects for improving the stimulus material, the possibilities of diagnosing the level of empathy development in students using game tools were determined. It was revealed that the psychological game «Empati-Bingo» requires a high level of empathy development in its leaders. The accuracy of recognition and determination of emotion can reflect the level of development of the cognitive component of empathy as a component of emotional intelligence. To improve the internal validity of the psychological game, the range of emotions that were proposed to be defined was expanded for the declared constructs of emotion and emotional intelligence: dialogues containing negative emotions were added, some emotionally neutral situations arising in interpersonal interaction were removed, which made the stimulus material more understandable for the game participants.

Competencies for Human-Robot Collaboration in the Construction Industry – Academia’s Perspective

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the perceptions of Construction Engineering and Management instructors regarding the competencies for Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) in construction to determine knowledge areas, skills, and abilities prioritized for facilitating effective collaboration between humans and robots in the industry. A two-round Delphi study was employed to evaluate the perceptions of construction instructors regarding HRC competencies. This study’s findings revealed that human-robot collaboration knowledge areas prioritized by the instructors include HRC ethics and regulation, robot anatomy and technical specifications, construction robot applications, sensors, and task planning. The instructors prioritized skills such as task planning, application of machine learning algorithms, safety management, human-robot interface proficiency, and effective communication. HRC abilities prioritized include decision-making, continuous learning, critical thinking, attention to detail, analytical aptitude, and adaptability. This research established the competencies prioritized by the instructors for implementing HRC in the construction industry and recommended future research directions.

Financial Literacy: Identification of the Challenges, Needs, and Difficulties among Adults Living in Rural Areas

Financial literacy plays a crucial role in individuals’ decision-making processes. The paper aims to thoroughly identify the financial literacy needs and challenges of adults with low financial literacy living in rural areas. The paper presents the results of a focus group study conducted among a target group (35 people) and interviews with financial experts (14 people) in the first quarter of 2023. The study allows us to identify common areas of financial knowledge crucial for adults with low financial literacy living in rural areas. The study was conducted in seven European countries as part of the Erasmus+ project “Learning by Experiencing Escape Rooms: Financial Literacy for Adults (FLER)”. Key findings from the study revealed that participants exhibited low awareness of financial fraud and expressed a need to protect personal information when using digital platforms. There was a clear demand for improved knowledge in certain areas, such as budgeting, emergency funds, balancing risk and reward, and planning for retirement or long-term savings. Participants consistently viewed gamification as a valuable tool for enhancing their understanding of financial topics. The contribution of our study is that we narrow the research gap on the needs and challenges related to financial literacy among rural residents. The results will help pinpoint specific areas of financial knowledge and competencies that are particularly important for adults with low financial literacy. Moreover, these insights are crucial for developing educational content integrated into a virtual escape room to improve financial literacy through engaging, scenario-based learning.

Russian Science and Technology Policy to Counter Sanctions: In Search of a Strategy

The article examines the scientific and technological policy of contemporary Russia in the conditions of international sanctions and analyzes both current general issues of the development of science and technology and problems in certain areas of scientific knowledge. We have studied special legal sanction acts of foreign academic organizations. The authors have developed and proposed mechanisms to counter sanctions in the scientific and technological sphere. The experience of applying measures for the development of science in the People’s Republic of China has been studied. The goal of the work is to conduct research on the state of modern science, taking into account the current Russian state policy under conditions of sanction pressure and proposing the authors’ unique classification of measures to support the development of Russian science. We used empirical methods of comparison, description and interpretation; theoretical methods of formal and dialectical logic. We also applied special scientific methods: legal and dogmatic method and the method of interpretation of legal norms. The authors have summarized the problems of government measures to support science under the sanction conditions and proposed measures to preserve the scientific sovereignty of Russia.

Project Management Knowledge Analysis – A Case of Symptom Checker Development Project

Over the past years, emerging technologies have always been crucial for organizations from various industries. Several organizations have implemented new technologies to serve customers’ needs better and be more competitive in the market. Healthcare services are also one of the industries that need to stay up to date with recent technologies. Therefore, they can apply these technologies to their information systems projects. This paper aims to discuss a case of symptom checker development project carried out in a hospital in Thailand. Project management knowledge areas applied in the project are also identified from the activities performed in the project. Moreover, the main problems that occurred during the project were addressed along with the recommendations for solving the problems. The findings suggest that organizations apply only some project management knowledge areas from the framework. Those are project scope management, project procurement management, project integration management, project schedule management, project quality management, and project communication management.

Abstract A118: Barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening among older Hispanic women living in San Antonio, TX

Abstract Background: Disparities among Hispanic women getting screened for cervical cancer compared to non-Hispanic White women continue to exist, despite Hispanic women having higher incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer. Previous work has shown limited knowledge and awareness about cervical cancer and screening, low health literacy, and cultural aspects such as fatalism as barriers to screening. On the other hand, having health insurance, a family history of cervical cancer and religiosity have been found to facilitate cervical cancer screening among Hispanic women. Moreover, in Texas, research has shown that women older than 50 and Hispanic women have lower rates of screening. Methods: Informed by the social determinants of health framework, we are interviewing Hispanic women living in San Antonio, TX about their experiences regarding cervical cancer screening. Questions cover the areas of knowledge about cervical cancer and cervical cancer screening, and barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening. We have completed 11 out of 36 planned interviews. Data analysis is guided by applied thematic analysis techniques. Preliminary Results: Currently, ages range from 50 to 64 years old. Most women are married and half are retired. Preliminary analysis shows continued low levels of knowledge about cervical cancer and screening. Barriers include feelings of fear and embarrassment about the test, physician’s gender, and access to healthcare, such as issues with transportation. Facilitators include physician’s attitude, clinic reminders, and having health insurance. Conclusion: More research is needed to understand and address barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening in this age group. Targeted public health efforts, including educational and multilevel interventions, should continue to increase knowledge about cervical cancer, and acceptability and access to cervical cancer screening among older Hispanic women living in San Antonio, TX. Citation Format: Coralia Vázquez-Otero, Audrey Cordova, Rita Pedraza, Selena Baglini, Amelie G. Ramírez. Barriers and facilitators to cervical cancer screening among older Hispanic women living in San Antonio, TX [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 17th AACR Conference on the Science of Cancer Health Disparities in Racial/Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved; 2024 Sep 21-24; Los Angeles, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024;33(9 Suppl):Abstract nr A118.

Nanomaterials for Plant Disease Diagnosis and Treatment: A Review.

Currently, the excessive use of pesticides has generated environmental pollution and harmful effects on human health. The controlled release of active ingredients through the use of nanomaterials (NMs) appears to reduce human exposure and ecosystem alteration. Although the use of NMs can offer an alternative to traditional methods of disease diagnosis and control, it is necessary to review the current approach to the application of these NMs. This review describes the most recent and significant advances in using NMs for diagnosing and treating plant diseases (bacteria, phytopathogenic fungi, viruses, and phytopathogenic nematodes) in cultivated plants. Most studies have focused on reducing, delaying, or eliminating bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes in plants. Both metallic (including metal oxides) and organic nanoparticles (NPs) and composites are widely used in diagnosing and controlling plant diseases due to their biocompatibility and ease of synthesis. Few studies have been carried out with regard to carbon-based NPs due to their toxicity, so future studies should address the development of detection tools, ecological and economic impacts, and human health. The synergistic effect of NMs as fertilizers and pesticides opens new areas of knowledge on the mechanisms of action (plant-pathogen-NMs interaction), the interaction of NMs with nutrients, the effects on plant metabolism, and the traceability of NMs to implement sustainable approaches. More studies are needed involving in vivo models under international regulations to ensure their safety. There is still controversy in the release of NMs into the environment because they could threaten the stability and functioning of biological systems, so research in this area needs to be improved.