Accumulation Of Knowledge Research Articles

Značaj mehkih vještina u osnaživanju mladih kroz obrazovanje

This paper explores the importance and role of soft skills in the context of education and career development. Education, as a key stage in the process of accumulation of knowledge and skills, constitutes a fundamental experience in the formation of individual competencies. In most of their lives, individuals devote considerable time and intellectual energy to the process of education, within which they acquire various forms of knowledge and skills. The acquired knowledge and skills then become key elements that shape their future professional career. But what separates highly successful individuals from the rest is often not the technical competencies acquired through formal education, but the so-called “soft skills”. Research on this topic becomes imperative in order to better understand the impact of soft skills on the performance of individuals in order to develop strategies to improve these skills. This paper recognizes the key role of soft skills in education and encourages further research to better understand their importance and to ensure that these skills are comprehensively incorporated into educational and professional programs. The research was conducted on a sample of students from the technical faculties of “Dzemal Bijedic” University of Mostar.

A bibliometric analysis study on coccydynia treatment

AimThe objective of this study was to shed light on the topic of coccidynia, a condition of significant importance within the field of neurosurgery, by examining the scientific publications dedicated to its understanding and treatment. By conducting a comprehensive bibliometric analysis, we aimed to explore the extent of research conducted on coccidynia, identify key contributing countries, prolific authors, and prevalent research themes. Our study sought to provide an in-depth understanding of the temporal evolution of coccidynia literature and contribute to the accumulation of knowledge in this specialized area. Material and methodTo achieve our objective, we conducted an extensive literature search utilizing the esteemed Web of Science database. Through the advanced search engine within the WOS system, we meticulously curated a comprehensive dataset by focusing on the keyword “coccydynia treatment.” This specific keyword allowed us to identify relevant scientific articles and publications related to the treatment of coccidynia. The dataset was then analyzed to extract crucial information, including the number of articles published over time, the geographic distribution of research, the co-authorship patterns among researchers, and the prevalent keywords associated with coccidynia literature. ResultsOur investigation revealed intriguing insights into the landscape of coccidynia research. We discovered that the earliest scientific article on this subject was published in 1991, signifying the relatively recent emergence of scholarly interest in this domain. Notably, the volume of publications experienced a substantial surge after 2010, suggesting a growing recognition of coccidynia's clinical significance. In total, we identified and examined 143 articles published between 1970 and 2023, encompassing several decades of scientific inquiry into the condition. By meticulously analyzing the geographical distribution of research, we found that the United States of America emerged as the leading country in terms of producing publications on “coccydynia treatment.” Within this literature, we also identified key authors who made significant contributions to the field, with notable names including Maigne JY, Finsen V, and Knobloch RG. Moreover, our analysis of citation patterns revealed that articles originating from the United States received a commendable number of citations, with an average of 3.48 citations per article, while publications from Turkey garnered an average of 2.33 citations per article. Furthermore, we identified the most frequently utilized keywords in coccidynia literature, highlighting the emphasis placed on terms such as “idiopathic coccygodynia,” “sitting position,” “coccydynia,” “coccyx,” and “coccygectomy.” By conducting this bibliometric analysis of original scientific studies published since 1970, our study contributes to the existing knowledge base regarding coccidynia and its treatment. ConclusionThrough our meticulous bibliometric analysis, we have contributed to the existing body of knowledge surrounding coccidynia and its treatment. The comprehensive examination of scientific publications since 1970 has provided valuable insights into the temporal evolution of research on this condition. Our findings highlight the growing interest and recognition of coccidynia as a clinically significant neurosurgical topic. The identification of leading countries, prolific authors, and prevalent research themes serves as a foundation for future investigations and allows researchers to better understand the landscape of coccidynia research. We emphasize the importance of periodic updates and revisions to these studies, ensuring that the scientific community has access to the most current and comprehensive information for rational analysis and decision-making in the field of coccidynia research and treatment.

Kuban School of Thought in Thoracic Surgery: History of Its Formation and Development

Introduction: The article discusses formation and development of the Kuban school of thought in thoracic surgery. We reviewed the main aspects of the accumulation of knowledge and experience in thoracic surgery and formation of a scientific association of thoracic surgeons that further developed into a school of thought first regionally, then internationally.Objective: To analyze the main stages of the development of the Kuban school of thought in thoracic surgery through the prism of scholars who made major contributions to the formation of the school’s research concept, as well as through succession (transfer of scientific and medical experience).Materials and methods: Our methodology involved a comparative historical analysis of the most important stages of the development of the school of thought in thoracic surgery, a retrospective evaluation of the contributions made by the surgeons who transformed the surgical community, and a comprehensive analysis of research materials on this subject. We used retrospective, biographical, analytical, and comparative research methods.Results: We identified the fundamental trends in the development of the Kuban school of thought in thoracic surgery, key directions for improving the methods of chest pathology diagnosis and surgical treatment that have been forming in the Kuban over the past 100 years.The education and training of staff, as well as formation of a scientific medical community and its international integration clearly demonstrated the transformation dynamics of the Krasnodar Krai’s research potential in thoracic surgery.

Creative destruction, human capital accumulation, and growth in a digital economy

Abstract The rapid development of the digital economy has highlighted the crucial role of data in economic growth. This study investigates the impact of two types of innovation on long-term growth by incorporating data into a model of creative destruction and knowledge accumulation. Unlike traditional factors, data exhibit nonrivalry between the two research and development (R&D) sectors, thereby influencing the growth rate of economic outputs simultaneously without interference. Our findings reveal the existence of a balanced growth path (BGP) in both the decentralized economy and the social planner’s economy. In horizontal innovation, data can be transformed into digital knowledge to promote the economic growth [Cong et al. (2021)]. In addition to horizontal innovation, the utilization of data in vertical innovation also enhances the success rate of innovation, with a gradual decrease in per capita data usage on the BGP. Moreover, as agents accumulate human capital, the economy achieves higher output levels, effectively addressing consumer privacy concerns. However, along the transitional path, insufficient data provision by both R&D sectors leads to lower economic growth rates or more intense economic fluctuations, necessitating policy interventions.

Research on the Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test for Predicting Stock Prices and Returns

With the continuous accumulation of theoretical knowledge and progressive applied research, analyzing financial time series data gradually becomes everlasting research in modern days. The simpler Dickey-Fuller originally is a test commonly used in econo-metrics and finance to test the stationarity of financial time series data. Thereafter, simpler Dickey-Fuller is eventually extended to the augmented Dickey-Fuller test to examine the stationarity of financial time series data such as stock prices, returns, and so on. This paper mainly focuses on the utilization of the augment Dickey-Fuller test and tests the stationarity of stock prices and returns for Nike, and Amazon. Both the stock price which is non-stationary, and the return, which is stationary, illustrate that these two companies are market-efficient. Additionally, the paper provides plots of stock prices and returns for these two companies by executing Python code. The results from the augment Dickey-Fuller test not only verify the characteristics of these plots but also indicate that the augment Dickey-Fuller test is useful to predict stock price and return.

Skeletal Morphogenesis and Anomalies in Gilthead Seabream: A Comprehensive Review.

The gilthead seabream, one of the most important species in Mediterranean aquaculture, with an increasing status of exploitation in terms of production volume and aquafarming technologies, has become an important research topic over the years. The accumulation of knowledge from several studies conducted during recent decades on their functional and biological characteristics has significantly improved their aquacultural aspects, namely their reproductive success, survival, and growth. Despite the remarkable progress in the aquaculture industry, hatchery conditions are still far from ideal, resulting in frequent abnormalities at the beginning of intensive culture, entailing significant economic losses. Those deformities are induced during the embryonic and post-embryonic periods of life, and their development is still poorly understood. In the present review, we created a comprehensive synthesis that covers the various aspects of skeletal morphogenesis and anomalies in the gilthead seabream, highlighting the genetic, environmental, and nutritional factors contributing to bone deformities and emphasized the potential of the gilthead seabream as a model organism for understanding bone morphogenesis in both aquaculture and translational biological research. This review article addresses the existing lack in the literature regarding gilthead seabream bone deformities, as there are currently no comprehensive reviews on this subject.

Is Multi-Method Research More Convincing Than Single-Method Research? An Analysis of International Relations Journal Articles, 1980–2018

While some social scientists see multi-method research (MMR) as a promising strategy for strong causal inference, others argue that it does little to strengthen the validity of research. This paper offers a systematic review of how MMR has been used in mainstream International Relations (IR) and specifically in security studies. Using the TRIP Journal Article Database and Web of Science citation data, I examine whether MMR has reached its full potential. MMR has grown in prominence since the 2000s. Scholars use it most often to examine domestic rather than interstate issues. They cite MMR articles less than they cite quantitative single-method articles and about as often as they cite qualitative single-method research. This suggests that MMR is not more influential, nor perceived as more persuasive. However, this gap has decreased in recent years. The study provides insights into IR at the research design and disciplinary levels, the utility of MMR, and knowledge accumulation in social science.

Detailed findings of videofluoroscopic examination among patients with Parkinson's disease on the effect of cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation.

Parkinson's disease (PD) leads to various types of swallowing disorders. We investigated the effect of cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation on dysphagia. By conducting detailed qualitative and quantitative analysis of videofluoroscopic examination, we aimed to understand dysphagia in patients with PD and investigate its effects on swallowing function. Patients received cervical percutaneous interferential current stimulation for 20 min twice a week for 8 weeks. In this exploratory study, we evaluated aspiration/laryngeal penetration, oral cavity residue, vallecular residue, and pharyngeal residue. In addition, we performed temporal analysis. Twenty-five patients were completely evaluated. At baseline, the proportions of laryngeal penetration/aspiration, oral cavity residue, epiglottic vallecula residue, and pharyngeal residue were 40.0, 88.0, 72.0, 60.0, and 16.0%, respectively. Conversely, pharyngeal transit time, laryngeal elevation delay time, pharyngeal delay time, and swallowing reflex delay were nearly within the normal ranges. Cervical percutaneous interferential current sensory stimulation improved only oral cavity residue at the end of the intervention, from 88.0 to 56.0%. Patients with PD demonstrated remarkably high frequencies of residues in the oral and pharyngeal regions. The usefulness of cervical interferential current stimulation was partially demonstrated for oral cavity residue. Considering that PD exhibits diverse symptoms, further accumulation of cases and knowledge is warranted. jRCTs062220013.

Heterosis in horticultural crop breeding: combining old theoretical bases with modern genomic views

Heterosis in plants has been among the challenging topics for plant scientists worldwide. The production of F1 hybrid varieties of seed-propagated horticultural species is one of the most successful applications of plant breeding techniques. The exploitation of the heterosis phenomenon promotes homogeneity and maximizes crop yields and is a way for breeders to legally control and protect their commercial products. In the past heterosis has been largely studied and explored in cereal crop systems, considering maize as a model for understanding the genetic bases of this phenomenon. To date, crossbreeding in horticultural vegetables has also rapidly progressed. F1 hybrid varieties are available for many horticultural crops, including both allogamous and autogamous species. Several genetic and nongenetic mechanisms have been applied to facilitate the large-scale production of F1 hybrid seeds in vegetable crops to prevent undesirable selfing. Although the development and commercialization of F1 hybrids is currently common in agriculture, this phenomenon is still being investigated at different levels. With the rapid accumulation of knowledge on plant genome structures and gene activities and the advancement of new genomics platforms and methodologies, significant progress has been achieved in recent years in the study of the genetic and molecular bases of heterosis. This paper provides a brief overview of current theoretical advances and practical predictions of the molecular mechanisms underlying heterosis in plants. The aim is to carefully summarize the fundamental mechanisms of heterosis in plants, focusing on horticultural plant breeding, to improve the existing knowledge in this research area. We describe the quantitative genetic model of phenotypic variation and combine evolutionary, phenotypic and molecular genetic views to explain the origin and manifestation of heterosis and its significance for breeding F1 hybrid varieties in horticultural crops. The principles of genomic prediction and its applications in genomic selection are then covered.

Future success and ways forward for scientific approaches on the African Great Lakes

The seven African Great Lakes are some of the most critical freshwater, large-lake systems in the world, providing essential services, food, drinking water, and other livelihood support to over 62 million people. Like most freshwater systems around the world, these lakes are strained by anthropogenic stressors, leading to degradation of these biologically important, and human-dependent resources. Despite their importance, these lakes suffer from insufficient research approaches which are short-term, disparate, and unharmonized. Further, a lack of monitoring, data and information exchange, education and training, and gender balance in research, all lead to insufficient knowledge on which to better manage and protect these lakes. While past efforts have resulted in some knowledge accumulation, there is a need for new approaches to understanding and managing these lakes: bottom-up, harmonized, and long-term processes. This paper, and those within this special section of the Journal of Great Lakes Research, highlight new, highly collaborative efforts of freshwater experts representing each riparian country of each African Great Lake through formal advisory groups. These papers are the result of harmonized efforts and collegial agreements as to what issues need to be addressed foremost, written by those on the ground. While each lake has specific, prioritized lists of issues, five overarching issues must be addressed to achieve success on these lakes: providing agency and coordination of African freshwater scientists; increase long-term monitoring; strengthen education and training of existing and future experts; enhance information and data exchange; and ensure stronger gender balance in science and leadership positions.

The Role of Government in Solving Socio-Economic and Ecological Problems

In the article there is discussed the dialectic connection between ecology and economics, the role of state in solving ecological problems, there are also characterized some unfavorable conditions existing in the Georgian economy and the ways of its improvement. Additionally, the objective existence of one of the main hindering factors for economic growth and development- the morally outdated scientific and technical knowledge (S&TK) is highlighted; The role of employees from the field of education to improve the unfavorable situation in the economy and further progress of the country is presented. Moreover, much attention is paid to the sharp features of accumulation and usage of scientific-technical knowledge and physical capital in view of obsolescence. Hence the extremely large role of scientific-technical knowledge for economic growth and development is shown. Keywords: socioeconomics, physical investment, ecology, moral obsolescence, economic development.

Virtual idol marketing: Benefits, risks, and an integrated framework of the emerging marketing field

The marketing practice involved with virtual idols became popular, leading to the emergence of virtual idol marketing. However, there is a lack of scientific understanding of this emerging marketing field. To promote a fundamental understanding of virtual idol marketing, this study clarifies the conceptual boundary of virtual idols and provides meaningful insights into the definitions, benefits, and risks of virtual idol marketing. On this basis, this study further proposes an integrated framework established on the existing theories and research to explain the potential working mechanism of virtual idol marketing. This study can increase the accumulation of knowledge in the emerging field of virtual idol marketing, provide inspiration and decision-making assistance for brands to build connections with young consumers, especially Generation Z, and provide an avenue for future research in the field of virtual idol marketing.

Beyond Information Provision: Analysis of the Roles of Structure and Agency in COVID-19 Vaccine Confidence in Ethnic Minority Communities.

People from Black and Asian backgrounds are more likely to die from COVID-19 but less likely to be vaccinated, threatening to exacerbate health inequalities already experienced by ethnic minority groups. The literature suggests that mistrust rooted in structural inequality (including socioeconomic position and experience of racism) may be a key barrier to COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Understanding and addressing structural inequality is likely to lead to longer-term impacts than information alone. The aim of this study is to draw on health and sociological theories of structure and agency to inform our understanding of how structural factors influence vaccine confidence. We conducted qualitative interviews and focus groups with 22 people from London and the surrounding areas from December 2021 to March 2022. Fourteen participants were members of the public from ethnic minority backgrounds, and seven were professionals working with the public to address concerns and encourage vaccine uptake. Our findings suggest that people from ethnic minority backgrounds make decisions regarding COVID-19 vaccination based on a combination of how they experience external social structures (including lack of credibility and clarity from political authority, neglect by health services, and structural racism) and internal processes (weighing up COVID-19 vaccine harms and benefits and concerns about vaccine development and deployment). We may be able to support knowledge accumulation through the provision of reliable and accessible information, particularly through primary and community care, but we recommend a number of changes to research, policy and practice that address structural inequalities. These include working with communities to improve ethnicity data collection, increasing funding allocation to health conditions where ethnic minority communities experience poorer outcomes, greater transparency and public engagement in the vaccine development process, and culturally adapted research recruitment processes.

Knowledge risk management in banks - An area for improving organizational performance

Research on the topic of knowledge risks and their management in organizations is still very scarce, this also applies to empirical studies. However, to avoid the uncritical acceptance of empirical results, replication studies play a crucial role in science. Therefore, this study represents a replication study of the type of empirical generalization of the paper by Durst et al. (2019) which studied knowledge risk management (KRM) in private and public organizations. Considering the KRM and performance assumptions underlying the original study and the methodology used, the results at that time are reviewed using new data from 103 Italian cooperative banks. This paper contributes to the study of risks related to knowledge and its theoretical development by providing new empirical evidence from a different cultural, geographical and institutional context. Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of replication studies for knowledge accumulation and theory development in management science.

A Memorizing and Generalizing Framework for Lifelong Person Re-Identification.

In this paper, we introduce a challenging yet practical setting for person re-identification (ReID) task, named lifelong person re-identification (LReID), which aims to continuously train a ReID model across multiple domains and the trained model is required to generalize well on both seen and unseen domains. It is therefore critical to learn a ReID model that can learn a generalized representation without forgetting knowledge of seen domains. In this paper, we propose a new MEmorizing and GEneralizing framework (MEGE) for LReID, which can jointly prevent the model from forgetting and improve its generalization ability. Specifically, our MEGE is composed of two novel modules, i.e., Adaptive Knowledge Accumulation (AKA) and differentiable Ranking Consistency Distillation (RCD). Taking inspiration from the cognitive processes in the human brain, we endow AKA with two special capacities, knowledge representation and knowledge operation by graph convolution networks. AKA can effectively mitigate catastrophic forgetting on seen domains while improving the generalization ability to unseen domains. By considering the ranking factor that is specifically important in ReID, RCD is designed to distill the ranking knowledge in a differentiable manner, which can further prevent the catastrophic forgetting. To supporting the study of LReID, we build a new and large-scale benchmark with two practical evaluation protocols that consider the metrics of non-forgetting and generalization. Experiments demonstrate that 1) our MEGE framework can effectively improve the performance on seen and unseen domains under the domain-incremental learning constraint, and that 2) the proposed MEGE outperforms state-of-the-art competitors by large margins.

Ethnography Research on Reddit Moderators Gatekeeper Role Within the Online Transcultural K-pop Fandom Community in Anglophone Countries

The remarkable development of digital and mobile devices accelerates the prevalence of both popular cultures worldwide. In this digital era, the emergence of social media enables individuals to access to a variety of information and experience innovative behaviours, such as participating in an online transcultural fandom community. As South Korea continues to export its popular culture, Hallyu, from Korean drama to Korean popular music (K-pop), the audience of the Korean Wave has expanded from Asia to other continents. Especially in those anglophone countries, the fan base has reached a noticeable scale with the help of the online fandom community. Notably, on hierarchical social media platforms, the gatekeeping effect exists in the online K-pop fandom community, and all community members perform in an established manner. In order to identify the causes of this phenomenon, this paper applies the ethnographic approach to obverse and analyse the speech of all participants within an online transcultural fandom community called /r/ bangtan on Reddit. Moderators gatekeeping power is contributed by the hierarchical relationship within the community, all community members awareness and acknowledgment of their schema, their unlimited social capital resulting from their unbiasedness to the community and interpersonal skills, superior accumulated knowledge about the object of fandom, as well as linguistic, cultural, and geographic boundaries in the transcultural context. Finally, some possible recommendations are provided for moderators to manage their online fandom communities on hierarchical social media platforms, including knowledge accumulation about celebrities and related languages, interpersonal capability development, and unbiased treatments.

Automated Recognition Systems: Theoretical and Practical Implementation of Active Learning for Extracting Knowledge in Image-based Transfer Learning of Living Organisms

In our research, we propose a model that leverages transfer learning and active learning techniques to accumulate knowledge and effectively solve complex problems in the field of artificial intelligence. This model operates within a parallel learning paradigm, aiming to mimic the continuous learning and improvement observed in human beings. To facilitate knowledge accumulation, we introduce a convolutional deep classification auto encoder that extracts spatially localized features from images. This enhances the model’s ability to extract relevant information. Additionally, we propose a learning classification system based on a code fragment, enabling effective representation and transfer of knowledge across different domains. Our research culminates in a theoretical and practical prototype for active learning-based knowledge extraction in various living organisms, including humans, plants, and animals. This knowledge extraction is achieved through image-based learning transfer, focusing on advancing activity recognition in image processing. Experimental results confirm that our method outperforms both baseline approaches and state-of-the-art convolutional neural network methods, underscoring its effectiveness and potential.

Employment protection and labour productivity growth in the EU: skill-specific effects during and after the Great Recession

Does employment protection affect sectoral productivity growth differently during crises and recovery periods? This paper sheds light into this question by investigating the relationship between employment protection legislation (EPL hereafter) and sectoral labour productivity growth in the EU in the context of the Great Recession. We consider the crisis and recovery periods, evaluate the relevance of both levels and changes in EPL for productivity growth, and explore the conditioning role played by sectoral differences in terms of cumulativeness of knowledge as well as the skills of the labour force, captured by different levels of education. We find that stricter labour protection reduces labour productivity growth in sectors with a large share of workers with tertiary education, whereas this effect is negligible or positive in sectors where workers with secondary or only primary education are more prevalent (such as agriculture, mining and quarrying). We attribute this to a more intensive labour hoarding in the former, as EPL strengthens labour hoarding in sectors that rely on firm-specific knowledge accumulation and skilled human capital that are difficult to substitute with physical capital. Whereas it is simple to dismiss (and to find later) unskilled employees. They not only can be substituted more easily with capital, but also the costs of their firing are lower, they are overrepresented among workers holding temporary contracts, and they might be unequally informed and able to exercise their rights. This leads to low (if any) labour hoarding and little impact of EPL on labour productivity in such sectors. We also document that the negative effect is prominent only during the crisis, and an increase in the stringency of EPL over an extended period stimulates employers to substitute labour with investments in physical and knowledge capital.

Research on the Advantages and Disadvantages of Cramming Education

With the rapid development of China's economy and technology, China's educational goals have also changed. Similarly, teaching methods should also change with the change of educational objectives. This paper mainly studies the advantages and disadvantages of cramming. Through the analysis of existing literature and data, it can be found that the disadvantages of cramming education include killing students' interest and curiosity, leading to their resistance to learning, and harming students' health; The advantage of cramming education lies in its help for exam-oriented education, thus it is very suitable for our national conditions now as well as its effective help for knowledge accumulation. In view of this, it may be concluded that cramming does more harm than good and is not suitable to achieve our future educational goals.

Blame‐avoidance and fragmented crisis management during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Switzerland

AbstractThis article studies how the prolonged pandemic situation impacted crisis governance in the federalized governance system of Switzerland. It examines how in this acute crisis situation, the responsibility for decision‐making fluctuated among governance levels, placing subnational states in a situation of uncertainty that caused a fragmented crisis management, and therefore suboptimal policy learning processes. The study is based on the case of COVID‐19 governance in Switzerland, where, as in many other European countries, the management of the first pandemic wave was very centralized. However, the federal government avoided taking a strong lead during the subsequent waves. Consequently, pandemic management was marked by numerous fluctuations regarding who was in charge of the main COVID‐19 decisions between the federal and subnational governance levels. A media analysis (February 2020–March 2022) and an analysis of the gray literature show that crisis governance and policy learning processes were scattered across levels of governance, which impeded the accumulation of knowledge and know‐how. The article analyses how crises can give way to blame games between the levels of governance, thus hampering a coordinated crisis management and policy learning processes across the different stages of the pandemic.