Klein Theory Research Articles

On some developments in the Nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein Theory

We consider a condition for a charge confinement and gravito-electromagnetic wave solutions in the Nonsymmetric Kaluza-Klein Theory.We consider also an influence of a cosmological constant on a static,spherically symmetric solution.We remind to the reader some fudamentals of the Nonsymmetric Kaluza-Klein Theory and a geometrcal background behind the theory.Simultaneously we give some remarks concerning misunderstanding connected to several notions of the Nonsymmetric Kaluza-Klein Theory,Einstein Unified Field Theory,geometrization and unification of physical interactions .We reconsider Dirac field in the Nonsymmetric Kaluza-Klein Theory.

Literacy of the other: The inner life of literacy

My paper situates literacy in the pre-symbolic implications of the maternal relation. Turning to child psychoanalysis, particularly Melanie Klein's theories of infancy and symbolization, my paper discusses the role the child's inner life plays in her engagements with literacy. Citing cases of second language learning, I pose literacy as an emotional situation. I insist that educators begin to acknowledge and attend to the inner life of children in their practices of literacy. Reorienting literacy toward its emotional, relational, and maternal wellspring might develop within us new orientations to literacy as psychosocial experience and practice.

Marginally outer trapped surfaces in higher dimensions

We review the basic setup of Kaluza–Klein theory, namely a five-dimensional vacuum with a cyclic isometry, which corresponds to Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton theory in four-dimensional spacetime. We first recall the behaviour of Killing horizons under bundle lift and projection. We then show that the property of compact surfaces of being (stably) marginally trapped is preserved under lift and projection provided the appropriate (‘Pauli’) conformal scaling is used for the spacetime metric. We also discuss and compare recently proven area inequalities for stable axially symmetric two-dimensional and three-dimensional marginally outer trapped surfaces.

Generalized derivations and general relativity

We construct differential geometry (connection, curvature, etc.) based on generalized derivations of an algebra [Formula: see text]. Such a derivation, introduced by Brešar in 1991, is given by a linear mapping [Formula: see text] such that there exists a usual derivation, d, of [Formula: see text] satisfying the generalized Leibniz rule u(ab) = u(a)b + ad(b) for all [Formula: see text]. The generalized geometry “is tested” in the case of the algebra of smooth functions on a manifold. We then apply this machinery to study generalized general relativity. We define the Einstein–Hilbert action and deduce from it Einstein’s field equations. We show that for a special class of metrics containing, besides the usual metric components, only one nonzero term, the action reduces to the O’Hanlon action that is the Brans–Dicke action with potential and with the parameter ω equal to zero. We also show that the generalized Einstein equations (with zero energy–stress tensor) are equivalent to those of the Kaluza–Klein theory satisfying a “modified cylinder condition” and having a noncompact extra dimension. This opens a possibility to consider Kaluza–Klein models with a noncompact extra dimension that remains invisible for a macroscopic observer. In our approach, this extra dimension is not an additional physical space–time dimension but appears because of the generalization of the derivation concept.

Yahweh’s Breast: Interpreting Haggai’s Temple through Melanie Klein’s Projective Identification Theory

Haggai’s emphasis on the temple is driven more by a concern for a defensive preservation of social-political identity than it is for the institutional restoration of the cult. As a heuristic device, Melanie Klein's theory on projective identification helps identify constructivist elements in Haggai that highlight postures of defensive preservation as legitimations of the Jerusalem temple as a shared object. Haggai’s vision of a “restored” society is based on his belief that the symbolic value of the temple is a necessary, constructive element in the creation or manifestation of that society and its corresponding identity.

Preliminary applications of the nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) theory to Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft anomalous acceleration

The nonsymmetric Kaluza–Klein (Jordan–Thiry) theory leads to a model of a modified acceleration that can fit an anomalous acceleration experienced by the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft. A mysterious connection between an anomalous acceleration and a Hubble constant is solved in the theory.

PP-wave solutions of the Weyl–Yang theory of gravity with a five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein ansatz

A Yang–Mills-type quadratic gravity model is considered in the framework of a five-dimensional Kaluza–Klein theory. Field equations and stress–energy tensors are presented in differential forms. A five-dimensional classical Kaluza–Klein metric ansatz is investigated, which consists of a four-dimensional plane-fronted gravitational wave with parallel rays as its sub-metric along with a non-trivial dilaton and gauge fields. It is found that the solution is equivalent to plane-gravitational waves in terms of a spin-0 dilaton and a spin-1 photon. Some special cases are discussed, and it is shown that only the plane-electromagnetic waves with helicity-1 states carried non-zero energy–momentum.

Tests in Kaluza−Klein gravitational theory in the presence of a scalar electric potential and a reactive potential

On the basis of a scalar electrical potential and a reactive potential in the generalized Gross–Perry metric, tests are proposed to confirm the possible existence of additional dimensions to space–time. Toward this end, use has been made of Kaluza–Klein theory, which is a natural extension of Einstein’s general theory of relativity. For zero values of the components of the curvature tensor in 5D, the deflection of a light ray in the presence of a scalar electromagnetic potential is considered. An expression is obtained for the additional time interval for passage of a signal with allowance for the indicated potential near the Earth and planets. The radial motion of neutral particles in the presence of the scalar component of the reactive potential, determined here for the first time, is examined.

An exploration of jealousy in nursing: A Kleinian analysis

It is well established that nursing practice produces considerable anxiety, and it can also give rise to envy and jealousy. While envy in nursing was identified in the literature more than 50 years ago, there remains a paucity of articles addressing either envy or jealousy for nurses. In a recent research study on current experiences of clinical practice, we analysed a fragment of nurses' speech via Klein's theory of jealousy. The results revealed that the nurses expressed jealousy at the privilege afforded to doctors. We argue that it is important to acknowledge jealousy in nursing practice because it has the potential for 'spoiling' effective care delivery and as such, can have detrimental ramifications in the health system. Also, jealousy may keep the nurse from fully focusing on their nursing practice in that it divides the nurse's attention and so limits the nurse's treatment of the patient. Nurses' jealousy of doctors is a taboo topic in nursing, and yet it warrants serious consideration due to the potential deleterious consequences that can arise when this dynamic is present.

A NEW APPROACH FOR SPACE-TIME-MATTER THEORY

This is the first paper in a series of three papers on a new approach for space-time-matter (STM) theory. The main purpose of this approach is to replace the Levi-Civita connection on the space-time from the classical Kaluza–Klein theory by what we call the Riemannian horizontal connection on the general Kaluza–Klein space. This is done by a development of a 4D tensor calculus whose geometrical objects live in a 5D space. The 4D tensor calculus and the Riemannian horizontal connection enable us to define in a 5D space some 4D differential operators: horizontal differential, horizontal gradient, horizontal divergence and horizontal Laplacian, which have a great role in the presentation of the STM theory in a covariant form. Finally, we introduce and study the horizontal electromagnetic tensor field, the horizontal Ricci tensor and the horizontal Einstein gravitational tensor field, which replace the well-known tensor fields from the classical Kaluza–Klein theory.

The Standard Model with one universal extra dimension

Effects of universal extra dimensions on Standard Model observables first arise at the one-loop level. The quantization of this class of theories is therefore essential in order to perform predictions. A comprehensive study of the SU C(3) × SU L(2) × U Y(1) Standard Model defined in a space-time manifold with one universal extra dimension, compactified on the oribifold \(S^1/Z_2\), is presented. The fact that the four-dimensional Kaluza–Klein theory is subjected to two types of gauge transformations is stressed and its quantization under the basis of the BRST symmetry discussed. A SU C(3) × SU L(2) × U Y(1)-covariant gauge-fixing procedure for the Kaluza–Klein excitations is introduced. The connection between gauge and mass eigenstate fields is established in an exact way. An exhaustive list of the explicit expressions for all physical couplings induced by the Yang–Mills, Currents, Higgs, and Yukawa sectors is presented. The one-loop renormalizability of the standard Green’s functions, which implies that the Standard Model observables do not depend on a cut-off scale, is stressed.

Mrs. Klein, the Contemporary Kleinians, and the Drives

In 1983, Jay Greenberg and Stephen Mitchell published Object Relations in Psychoanalytic Theory. It brought Relational psychoanalysis, and the work of Sullivan and Object Relations analysts, more into the mainstream of Freudian psychoanalysis in North America. It was a significant effort to change the landscape of American psychoanalytic thinking and clinical work. This article looks at Greenberg and Mitchell's description of Melanie Klein's theories and her place in psychoanalytic thinking. The author suggests that Greenberg and Mitchell's focus on Klein and the drives limits our understanding of the far-reaching developments of Klein's clinical theory and method. The emphasis on Klein as another drive theorist who struggled with giving up the drives in favor of object relations, it is argued, minimizes the developments she fostered and lessens her significance as a major force in the world of psychoanalysis. The article describes the importance of Klein's clinical thinking and that of the Kleinians, its impact on the internal world and unconscious phantasy, and its clinical applications.

Einstein–Rosen solutions from Kaluza–Klein theory

From a time-dependent boost-rotational symmetric vacuum solution of the Einstein Equations in five dimensions, through the Kaluza–Klein reduction the corresponding Einstein–Maxwell-dilaton solutions are obtained. The four dimensional counterpart turns out to be generalized Einstein–Rosen spacetimes representing unpolarized gravitational waves traveling in an inhomogeneous cosmology. Restricting the parameters we are able to obtain different 4D time-dependent solutions equipped with scalar and electromagnetic fields.

A Metric for 5D Interior Black-Hole Solution

Rosa et al [5], Khambholja [4] and also Hasmani and Khambholja [2] have discussed nature of metric for the interior black hole solution in 4D using the frame work of general relativity. It is non-static. In this paper we have extended the solution [2], [4] to 5D case in the framework of Kaluza Klein theory.

Spinor states on a curved infinite disc with non-zero spin-connection fields

In the paper by Lukman et al (2011 New J. Phys. 13 103027), a step towards realistic Kaluza–Klein (like) theories was made by presenting the case of a spinor in d = (1 + 5) compactified on a (formally) infinite disc with the zweibein, which makes a disc curved on an almost S2, and with the spin connection field, which allows such a sphere only one massless spinor state of a particular charge, coupling the spinor chirally to the corresponding Kaluza–Klein gauge field. The solutions for the massless spinor state were found for a range of spin connection fields, as well as the massive ones for a particular choice of the spin connection field. In this paper we present the massless and massive spinor states for the whole range of parameters of the spin connection field that allow only one massless solution.

Light deflection in the Kaluza−Klein theory in the presence of a vector potential

General expressions – tests for studying light deflection by a massive body, including the classical test of the general relativity theory – are derived based on the reactive and electromagnetic vector potentials in the generalized Gross–Perry and Kerr metrics within the framework of gravitational Kaluza–Klein theory. It is demonstrated that neglect of the electromagnetic potential in the Gross–Perry metric in the presence of the reactive potential results in a change of the light deflection angle small in comparison with the classical test; in the Kerr metric, the effect of massive body rotation, parameters of magnetic monopole, and dark energy are taken into account in addition to the vector potential.

Gravitational waves during inflation from a 5D large-scale repulsive gravity model

We investigate, in the transverse traceless (TT) gauge, the generation of the relic background of gravitational waves, generated during the early inflationary stage, on the framework of a large-scale repulsive gravity model. We calculate the spectrum of the tensor metric fluctuations of an effective 4D Schwarzschild–de Sitter metric on cosmological scales. This metric is obtained after implementing a planar coordinate transformation on a 5D Ricci-flat metric solution, in the context of a non-compact Kaluza–Klein theory of gravity. We found that the spectrum is nearly scale invariant under certain conditions. One interesting aspect of this model is that it is possible to derive the dynamical field equations for the tensor metric fluctuations, valid not just at cosmological scales, but also at astrophysical scales, from the same theoretical model. The astrophysical and cosmological scales are determined by the gravity–antigravity radius, which is a natural length scale of the model, that indicates when gravity becomes repulsive in nature.

Classical and quantum wormholes in a 5D compact Kaluza–Klein theory

We study the classical and quantum euclidean wormholes for an empty (4+1) dimensional Kaluza–Klein universe with a positive cosmological constant and a spatially flat Robertson–Walker type metric. It is shown that classical wormholes do not exist neither for the space–time sector nor the extra dimensional sector of this model, but two spectra of quantum wormholes as the solutions of the Wheeler–DeWitt equation exist that are consistent with the Hawking–Page conjecture about the necessary boundary conditions. In the spectrum where the external scale factor R shapes the quantum wormholes the internal scale factor a may play the role of effective matter source, and in the spectrum where the internal scale factor a shapes the quantum wormholes the external scale factor R may play the role of effective matter source.

Cosmological applications in Kaluza—Klein theory

The field equations of Kaluza—Klein (KK) theory have been applied in the domain of cosmology. These equations are solved for a flat universe by taking the gravitational and the cosmological constants as a function of time t. We use Taylor's expansion of cosmological function, Λ(t), up to the first order of the time t. The cosmological parameters are calculated and some cosmological problems are discussed.

Good God?!? Lamentations as a Model for Mourning the Loss of the Good God

This article will address the devastating psychological and social effects due to the loss of one's primary love-object, namely God in the case of faith communities and religious individuals. By using Melanie Klein's Object Relations Theory (Klein in Envy and gratitude and other works 1946/1963. The Free Press, New York, 1975a) as a way to enter the text of Lamentations, I will articulate an alternative reading that can serve as a model for Pastors and Educators to use when walking with individuals and communities through unspeakable losses. I will argue that Lamentations may be used as a tool for naming confounding depression and anxiety that stems from a damaged introjected object (one's personal God). This tool may provide individuals and communities a framework for placing anger and contempt upon God in order to re-assimilate this loved yet hated object, eventually leading toward healing and restoration of the self.