Kitchen Table Research Articles

For a Friend

For a Friend R. M. Cooper (bio) Isabelle had been dead for six months before I read her obituary on Twitter. Six weeks later, I still wasn’t sleeping well, so Dave suggested I try a cleanse. Juice/herbs/kelp/whatever. I told Dave what I thought of it, and he dropped the subject. The next week, I started having Isabelle flashbacks. I wish there was a better word for them. They weren’t “flashbacks” in the Vietnam or acid sense. It’d be more like I’m watching Netflix when all of a sudden: isabelle flashback We’re eight and Isabelle has a cast on her left leg. We sit around her kitchen table and Isabelle’s mom is talking about how her bones might grow back uneven. Like, Isabelle’s healed femur would probably be shorter than the other the rest of her life. Not even an inch. Fractions. Less even. “Isn’t that interesting?” Her mom smiles when she says it. Then her mom frowns. “No. Izzy won’t limp.” I don’t remember asking the questions. Just her mom’s answers. I don’t know why. Other flashbacks are different. I don’t make the rules. “No. No one will even notice.” “Of course they won’t think something’s wrong with her.” “No. She won’t be ugly. No. No, don’t cry, Izzy. Why would you ever ask that?” After every flashback, I spend the next forty-eight hours obsessing over it until Dave tells me the same thing for the thousandth time: “You don’t have to feel this way, Sarah. Nobody has to feel this way.” Dave sent me a bunch of links about the way our bodies react to stress, about toxins and cell memory. Dave promised I’ll feel better after the cleanse. He said in ten years they’ll be the norm. No different than sitting [End Page 143] shiva. No more uncomfortable silences. No moping. No depression. It’s all chemicals and hormones. The body doesn’t require misery any more than it does refined sugar. Let that shit go. So I ordered one of those forty-eight-hour all-natural boxes online. I downloaded a bunch of movies onto my phone and read articles about how to keep your legs from falling asleep on the toilet. I bought a box of Pedialyte. Hydration is very important during the first twenty-four hours. I read and I read. I figured I was ready. important note on cleanse instructions: “48 hours” doesn’t necessarily begin when you swallow the first capsule. “48 hours” can mean “begins after 48 hours” or “lasts for 48 hours” or whatever the hell else they want. Cleanses aren’t monitored by the fda or the cdc or whoever is supposed to ensure that children’s Tylenol won’t give you a stroke. It says so right in the small print. Remember those stories of synthetic weed from the 2010s? It’s like that. Nobody knows anything. There’s no one to hold responsible. It’s unregulated. The Wild West. I mean, I’m sure Gwyneth Paltrow is a fantastic human being. But that’s not really the point. Because when you think about it, should you really be buying laxative from actors? Fact: I knew none of this at the time. I took the first cleanse capsule on Friday. Saturday. Sunday. Nothing happened. I assumed I’d ordered a dud. I was mildly annoyed but not surprised. I cursed the hippie industrial complex and wrote an angry review on Amazon and moved on with my life. Thought maybe I’d use the Pedialyte as an excuse to train for a marathon. That seemed more productive. I had another sleepless night Sunday and went to work Monday. Then it happened. Happens. Is still happening. ________ The cold sweats hit during an hr meeting. 10:15 am. By 10:17, I’m doing ninety on the interstate for home, doing that Lamaze breathing which for some reason becomes instinctual when you’re trying not to crap your pants. I know saying “crap your pants” isn’t very ladylike. You know what’s less ladylike? Literally crapping...

Kitchen Table Wisdom

Kitchen Table Wisdom

The State and Future of Black Women's Studies: The Black Women's Studies Association and the National Women's Studies Association in Conversation

230 Feminist Studies 47, no. 1. © 2021 by Feminist Studies, Inc. Nneka D. Dennie The State and Future of Black Women’s Studies: The Black Women’s Studies Association and the National Women’s Studies Association in Conversation On February 25, 2021, the Black Women’s Studies Association (BWSA) and National Women’s Studies Association (NWSA) partnered for one of NWSA’s Kitchen Table Talks—a new initiative spearheaded by NWSA President Kaye Wise Whitehead to foster dialogue between NWSA and other organizations. The event, titled “Space Making: State/Future of Black Women’s Studies,” featured three panelists and was moderated by Whitehead. The featured speakers were Stephanie Andrea Allen (BWSA conference chair), Jacinta R. Saffold (BWSA co-founder and treasurer), and Erica L. Williams (member of the NWSA Governing Council). Allen is a Black lesbian writer and publisher whose scholarship examines how lesbian literature and film responds to and resists the heteropatriarchal systems that invisibilize Black lesbians; she is a postdoctoral fellow and visiting assistant professor of gender studies at Indiana University. Saffold is an assistant professor of English at the University of New Orleans who researches twentieth- and twenty-first-century African American literature, hip hop studies, and digital humanities. Williams is an associate professor of anthropology at Spelman College, whose work has examined sex tourism and Black feminist activism in Brazil. Together, Whitehead, Allen, Saffold, and Williams explored their hopes for Black Women’s Studies and illuminated the challenges and joys of advancing the field. News and Views 231 The collaboration between BWSA and NWSA is a testament to how far Black Women’s Studies has come over the past fifty years and a promise of where it may continue to go in the future. NWSA was founded in 1977 and has since served as a hub for researchers, educators, and practitioners who interrogate questions of women and gender in their work. For decades, NWSA has been central to the nationwide US institutionalization of women’s, gender, and sexuality studies. By contrast, BWSA is a young organization that is continuing to grow. In 2018, Saffold and I co-founded BWSA in order to provide a community for scholars working in the field of Black Women’s Studies. BWSA is the only professional association specifically designed to bring scholars from a variety of disciplines into conversation about research that centers Black women. We launched BWSA with the goal of ensuring that future generations of scholars can readily access networks and mentorship from researchers who encounter a common question: when your work is simultaneously “too Black” and “too woman” for your field, department, or institution, what do you do? Drawing inspiration from well-established organizations in which we frequently participated, such as NWSA, the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH), the Association of Black Women Historians (ABWH), and the African American Intellectual History Society (AAIHS), Saffold and I sought to build a space that cultivated a Black feminist ethic of care for both the research and the researchers. In that spirit, BWSA provides resources to help scholars do their best work, including a mentorship program, a virtual writing community, a calls-for-papers list for publications, and article as well as graduate student paper prizes. It was an honor to join an organization as trusted and respected as NWSA for a dialogue about our shared visions for Black Women’s Studies. Three key themes emerged from the panelists’ conversation with each other. They repeatedly returned to the importance of making financial commitments to Black Women’s Studies, creating conditions to support Black women’s intellectual labor, and practicing self-care. Speakers explored the interplay between the responsibilities that institutions, communities, and individuals have to Black Women’s Studies and Black feminist scholars. They observed that in order for departments and universities to foster interdisciplinary work on Black women, they need to move beyond paying lip service to the idea that diversity, equity, and inclusion matter; there needs to be permanent funding for work on race, 232 News and Views gender, class, and sexuality. Panelists also emphasized that Black women being in community with each other and supporting one another have always been central to...

The State and Future of Black Women's Studies: The Black Women's Studies Association and the National Women's Studies Association in Conversation

230 Feminist Studies 47, no. 1. © 2021 by Feminist Studies, Inc. Nneka D. Dennie The State and Future of Black Women’s Studies: The Black Women’s Studies Association and the National Women’s Studies Association in Conversation On February 25, 2021, the Black Women’s Studies Association (BWSA) and National Women’s Studies Association (NWSA) partnered for one of NWSA’s Kitchen Table Talks—a new initiative spearheaded by NWSA President Kaye Wise Whitehead to foster dialogue between NWSA and other organizations. The event, titled “Space Making: State/Future of Black Women’s Studies,” featured three panelists and was moderated by Whitehead. The featured speakers were Stephanie Andrea Allen (BWSA conference chair), Jacinta R. Saffold (BWSA co-founder and treasurer), and Erica L. Williams (member of the NWSA Governing Council). Allen is a Black lesbian writer and publisher whose scholarship examines how lesbian literature and film responds to and resists the heteropatriarchal systems that invisibilize Black lesbians; she is a postdoctoral fellow and visiting assistant professor of gender studies at Indiana University. Saffold is an assistant professor of English at the University of New Orleans who researches twentieth- and twenty-first-century African American literature, hip hop studies, and digital humanities. Williams is an associate professor of anthropology at Spelman College, whose work has examined sex tourism and Black feminist activism in Brazil. Together, Whitehead, Allen, Saffold, and Williams explored their hopes for Black Women’s Studies and illuminated the challenges and joys of advancing the field. News and Views 231 The collaboration between BWSA and NWSA is a testament to how far Black Women’s Studies has come over the past fifty years and a promise of where it may continue to go in the future. NWSA was founded in 1977 and has since served as a hub for researchers, educators, and practitioners who interrogate questions of women and gender in their work. For decades, NWSA has been central to the nationwide US institutionalization of women’s, gender, and sexuality studies. By contrast, BWSA is a young organization that is continuing to grow. In 2018, Saffold and I co-founded BWSA in order to provide a community for scholars working in the field of Black Women’s Studies. BWSA is the only professional association specifically designed to bring scholars from a variety of disciplines into conversation about research that centers Black women. We launched BWSA with the goal of ensuring that future generations of scholars can readily access networks and mentorship from researchers who encounter a common question: when your work is simultaneously “too Black” and “too woman” for your field, department, or institution, what do you do? Drawing inspiration from well-established organizations in which we frequently participated, such as NWSA, the Association for the Study of African American Life and History (ASALH), the Association of Black Women Historians (ABWH), and the African American Intellectual History Society (AAIHS), Saffold and I sought to build a space that cultivated a Black feminist ethic of care for both the research and the researchers. In that spirit, BWSA provides resources to help scholars do their best work, including a mentorship program, a virtual writing community, a calls-for-papers list for publications, and article as well as graduate student paper prizes. It was an honor to join an organization as trusted and respected as NWSA for a dialogue about our shared visions for Black Women’s Studies. Three key themes emerged from the panelists’ conversation with each other. They repeatedly returned to the importance of making financial commitments to Black Women’s Studies, creating conditions to support Black women’s intellectual labor, and practicing self-care. Speakers explored the interplay between the responsibilities that institutions, communities, and individuals have to Black Women’s Studies and Black feminist scholars. They observed that in order for departments and universities to foster interdisciplinary work on Black women, they need to move beyond paying lip service to the idea that diversity, equity, and inclusion matter; there needs to be permanent funding for work on race, 232 News and Views gender, class, and sexuality. Panelists also emphasized that Black women being in community with each other and supporting one another have always been central to...

The Cheap Seats: A Note from the Editor

The Cheap SeatsA Note from the Editor Willie Steele As I sit at my kitchen table writing this on my trusty legal pad, my youngest daughter, Marianne, is in the living room working on her science homework. Normally, we'd have both finished our work on these projects days ago, but on short notice the week before the Field of Dreams game between the Yankees and the White Sox, we took some time off when my literary agent emailed me two tickets for the matchup in Dyersville, Iowa. It was Marianne's first major league game, so the combination of tenth row seats behind home plate and an upgrade to a Ford Mustang at the rental car counter made this a pretty tough trip to top. Much has been written about father-son relationships and baseball. I've probably been as prone to this as anyone. As I thought about how to put together this final double issue, I wanted to provide a place for authors to consider not only the game's rich history but its current state as well; however, I didn't want to neglect the future of the game either. With that in mind it seemed a good idea to dedicate a special topics issue to women and baseball. I called Jean Ardell, one of the first people I met when I began attending the NINE Spring Training Conference several years ago. As the person who literally wrote the book on women and baseball, I wanted to hear her thoughts on this idea. By the end of the phone call, Jean had agreed to come on board as the guest editor. This is no ceremonial title. Jean and I read each and every submission several times, chose the best among them, and worked tirelessly over ten months to produce what you hold in your hands. More than any of the other volumes of NINE I've edited, this one inspires me. I am moved by the beauty of Jean Fruth's photographs and touched by her thoughtful prose in her accompanying essays. Kat Williams's reflective memoir provides a moving look at one player's formative years in the game and how it led her to where she is today. Sam Marchiano recalls times with her father and her favorite player, former Met Rusty Staub. Jim Overmyer's work [End Page ix] on Effa Manley shows just how far we've come with regards to women in the game, but it also reminds us of how far we have to go. When I was a kid, it was an insult to hear, "You throw like a girl!" Reading Justine Siegal's narrative had me wishing I could throw like a girl. I could go on, but you'll have the chance to read all these and more in the coming pages. This volume includes serious scholarship, witty insights, personal narratives, and reflections on history. But what they all do is remind us that there is room for everyone in baseball. Baseball has women as coaches. With Kim Ng, there is a female General Manager in the majors. We are long overdue for a woman umpire in the major league ranks. It's not so far-fetched to envision a woman taking the field to play against men at the major league level sometime soon. So, this volume is for people who appreciate the game, its history, its growth in accepting women in numerous roles in recent years, and who are hopeful that we will soon reach a point when a women and baseball issue won't be needed to showcase their role in the game. As my daughter and I left Dyersville, pushing midnight with a four-hour drive ahead of us to catch an early morning flight, she thanked me over and over. She leaned the seat back and said, "This was a fun day, Dad." I asked what she liked about baseball. Showing me once again that a thirteen-year-old is far better than her editor-dad at articulating the game's beauty, she said, "It's fun." The line-up of authors in this collection shows that, while it's not...

Covid‐19: Where We Are, What Got Us Here, and Where We Are Likely to Be Going—A Review Essay*

Covid‐19: Where We Are, What Got Us Here, and Where We Are Likely to Be Going—A Review Essay*

From the Back of the Car to the Kitchen Table: Shifting Identities, Pirates, and Tales That Provoke Transition

In this second installment of Cowboys & Pirates, my performance continues to explore how identities are shaped, constrained, or expanded. My staring place is a song called “Stories from the kitchen table”; where and what, I wonder, has shaped the narrative arc of this song? Where are my narrative moorings? Through other stories I have learned about, been told or have created, I revisit the way counter-narratives emerge such that they provide a means to break out (or through) dominant gendered, class, and racial narrative templates that we might otherwise be entombed within.

Constitutional Rights at the Kitchen Table: British Columbia Francophones and the Making of a Minority-Language Educational System

In a recent landmark decision, the Supreme Court of Canada confirmed that the underfunding of British Columbia’s Conseil scolaire francophone constitutes a breach of Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees in matters of minority-language education. While this marked the end of a decade of judicial proceedings, this article situates the decision in a broader historical context by examining the struggle to develop French-language educational programs in BC. If the province did not experience the education crises that tore through other parts of Canada in the decades following Confederation, BC francophones seized on the growing acceptance of bilingualism in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s to fight for an education system catering to their linguistic and cultural aspirations. Shifting the scholarly focus from the constitutional negotiating tables at which sat politicians and high-level bureaucrats to the kitchen tables around which parent groups gathered to formulate their demands, this article traces the grassroots battle to bring French-language schools to the province with Canada’s highest rate of linguistic assimilation.

The Crucible

Descending into the depths of Queens College's Rathaus Hall and having to traverse a long hallway to get to its small theater seemed only fitting for a production of The Crucible that would transport me to another world—and yet, both eerily and most likely intentionally, it is a world that is, surprisingly, not much different from our own.The audience's chairs in the black box theater created a semicircle that surrounded and was level with the stage area—from my front-row seat I found myself in close proximity with many of the actors when they took advantage of their full performance space. The setup of the stage area for act 1 was quite stark. On entering the theater, the eye was drawn immediately to the small bed where Betty Parris, played by freshman Charlene Meganauth, slept. Behind her was a wall with just a window and door that would be utilized in all subsequent acts. The minimalism and modernity of the set and props and the subtlety of detail in small things—such as the items on the Proctors' kitchen table, the inquisitors' laptops, and Mary Warren keeping the poppet that would incriminate Elizabeth Proctor in a drawstring bag—reinforced director Paul DeFilippo's clear vision of the play.This college production—whose entire cast, production crew, and director were all students—was set not in Salem 1692 but in 2020, and all of the characters' clothing reflected this, with modern dresses, shirts, and suits; Mary Warren even has a backpack. The production clearly aimed to drive home the point that The Crucible and the events of the Salem Witch Trials maintain relevance in our contemporary world. The scene that most effectively conveyed this was the forest scene between Abigail Williams and John Proctor that Miller added at the end of act 2 after the play's premiere. In this Queens College version, Abigail and John sat at opposite ends of a table and actually FaceTimed each other, a clever contemporary alternative to what was originally intended to be an in-person and secret conversation.The production featured student actors of all skill levels and ages, but it was some of the younger and (according to the short bios in the Playbill) less experienced performers who struck me the most. The incredible interpretation of Abigail Williams by freshman Soraya Mahieddine absolutely chilled me. Her malice did not seem to be that of a young woman scorned by an older man whom she loved—as she can be played. The glint of insanity in her eye and her wily disposition told another story—that of a girl driven over the edge by a society that had been hell-bent on keeping young girls silent and compliant. Mahieddine's performance gave the impression that this madness was present far before she became drunk with the power that her accusations afforded her.The best performance in the show, though closely followed by others, was undoubtedly David Arroyo's interpretation of Deputy-Governor Danforth. He gave the impression of a professional actor with the carefully measured delivery of his lines. While other characters rushed through the dialogue, Arroyo was slow and deliberate, spitting venom in every word and using power when he felt that power must be used. I expected a bit more, though, from the character of John Proctor, played by theater major Kuan Hao Huang. His performance was rife with vigor, but the effect was minimized when he stumbled on and swallowed several of his lines. The weight of Proctor's struggle as he grapples with the implications of what he must do to clear his own name was sadly lost in this portrayal.However, Huang's performance was elevated by other powerful actors, especially those depicting Elizabeth Proctor and Mary Warren. Maria Stathopoulos, a senior studying political science at Queens, gave a haunting performance as Mary Warren. Short in stature, she could have easily been engulfed by the strength of the other characters around her—yet her giant display of Mary's inner turmoil and external torment by the other girls was impossible to ignore. Elizabeth Proctor, played by Michelle Osojnak, was the picture of a woman closed off to a husband she loved but who had been unfaithful to her. Her body language displayed a powerful internal struggle and her diction revealed her wavering emotions between condemning and forgiving him.The modern relevance of the hysteria of the witch hunt was very dramatic during the court scenes. The actors barred off the front rows with wooden racks to make us feel as if we were full witnesses, or even part of a silent but observant contemporary jury that was duly responsible for judging this kind of social hysteria that apparently spans centuries. All in all, I was deeply satisfied that my first live performance of The Crucible drew me so fully into the world of Salem.

Living the Good Life: A Conversation about Well-being, Education, and Culture

In this paper we engage in a conversation speaking from three different perspectives and discuss the ways literature and our personal life experiences can inform policy and practice in relation to the concepts of well-being, education, and culture. We gathered around a metaphorical kitchen table, bringing to it our life experiences, as well as the literature that informed our individual research programs (positive psychology, Indigenous world view, and narrative inquiry) and we began to unpack the questions: “What role does culture play in understanding and educating for well-being and why should an education system be concerned about it?”

YCC on supporting and recognizing younger chemists

You likely never envisioned defending your thesis at your kitchen table, graduating with fellow classmates on Zoom, or masking up in the lab as an essential worker. While 2020 may not be what we ex...

Saturday night retinopathy : un cas français d’OACR post-compressive

We report herein the first French case of Saturday Night Retinopathy. A 39-year-old man presented to the emergency room with unilateral vision loss in the left eye with redness but no pain. Visual acuity OS was "light perception" and OD 20/20. The left eye was hyperemic with a fixed, dilated pupil; fundus examination revealed a macular cherry-red spot within a pale, ischemic retina. The patient was admitted to a stroke centre. The neurological work-up and head CT were normal. He also underwent evaluation for possible carotid or cardiac etiologies, all of which were negative. Current smoking was the only cardiovascular risk factor found. The patient reportedly fell asleep face down at his kitchen table after consuming a large amount of alcohol, with his left eye pressed into his arm throughout the night. Six similar cases have been reported in the literature since 1973. The prognosis for vision is dismal. Only public awareness and prevention might avoid this serious functional disability.

The design of IPT system for multiple kitchen appliances using class E LCCL circuit

Since many years ago, kitchen appliances are powered up by cable connected. This create a troublesome case as wire might tangle together and cause kitchen table messy. Due to this, wireless power technology (WPT) is introduced as its ability is to transmit power to load without physical contact. This leads to cordless solution better in safety as the product can be completely seal, highly expandable power range. This work focuses on the design of WPT based on inductive approach to power up multiple kitchen appliances. The selection of inductive approach over its partners capacitive and acoustic is mainly due to high power efficiency. Class E inverter is proposed here to convert the DC to AC current to drive the inductive link. A 1 MHz operating frequency is used. To ensure the circuit is robust with load variations, an LCCL impedance matching is proposed. This solution is table to maintain the output power if there is a slight change in load impedance. Finally, the developed prototype is able to supply 50V utput which can achieve power transmission up to 81.76%.

Message from the President: ASLO in the Time of Covid‐19

Message from the President: <scp>ASLO</scp> in the Time of Covid‐19

A Seat at the Kitchen Table: The Lived Experiences of Black Female Preservice Teachers in an Urban Education Cohort

ABSTRACT The authors of this qualitative study provided Black female preservice teachers in an urban cohort at a predominantly white institution a seat at the kitchen table to share their racialized and gendered experiences. The research questions centered around the experiences of Black female preservice teachers, their participation in anti-racist spaces, and the role of critical for teacher educator programs in coursework and program development. The authors drew on Critical Race Theory and Critical Race Feminism as theoretical frameworks. Findings include the cultivation of sisterhood based on multi-layered identities and experiences, how the participants navigate racial fatigue on and off campus, and how the participants embody an intergenerational alliance between them and Black faculty members. Implications for practice are included.

From Nar Nar Goon to Koo Wee Rup: Can Participatory Food Policy Making Processes Contribute to Healthier and Fairer Food Systems in the Australian Municipal Context? A Case Study from Cardinia Shire, Melbourne

ABSTRACT Cardinia Shire is experiencing a range of social and health challenges, many of which could be addressed by a healthier food system. This research documents the conception, design and implementation of a participatory food policy making process used by Cardinia Shire Council in the development of its first food strategy. Ethnographic research involving participant observation in Kitchen Table Conversations, as well as interviews with key informants, documents the development of this policy from a variety of perspectives. Using a case study approach, this paper explores how a participatory food policy making process can contribute to a healthier food system.

Norma: Participant 1,001 and the Value of Clinical Research.

Norma: Participant 1,001 and the Value of Clinical Research.

Sex on the Kitchen Table: The Romance of Plants and Your Food, by Norman C. Ellstrand

Sex on the Kitchen Table: The Romance of Plants and Your Food, by Norman C. Ellstrand

Editors’ Letter

Editors’ Letter

Anticipating Xenogenic Pollution at the Source: Impact of Sterilizations on DNA Release From Microbial Cultures.

The dissemination of DNA and xenogenic elements across waterways is under scientific and public spotlight due to new gene-editing tools, such as do-it-yourself (DIY) CRISPR-Cas kits deployable at kitchen table. Over decades, prevention of spread of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), antimicrobial resistances (AMR), and pathogens from transgenic systems has focused on microbial inactivation. However, sterilization methods have not been assessed for DNA release and integrity. Here, we investigated the fate of intracellular DNA from cultures of model prokaryotic (Escherichia coli) and eukaryotic (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) cells that are traditionally used as microbial chassis for genetic modifications. DNA release was tracked during exposure of these cultures to conventional sterilization methods. Autoclaving, disinfection with glutaraldehyde, and microwaving are used to inactivate broths, healthcare equipment, and GMOs produced at kitchen table. DNA fragmentation and PCR-ability were measured on top of cell viability and morphology. Impact of these methods on DNA integrity was verified on a template of free λ DNA. Intense regular autoclaving (121°C, 20 min) resulted in the most severe DNA degradation and lowest household gene amplification capacity: 1.28 ± 0.11, 2.08 ± 0.03, and 4.96 ± 0.28 logs differences to the non-treated controls were measured from E. coli, S. cerevisiae, and λ DNA, respectively. Microwaving exerted strong DNA fragmentation after 100 s of exposure when free λ DNA was in solution (3.23 ± 0.06 logs difference) but a minor effect was observed when DNA was released from E. coli and S. cerevisiae (0.24 ± 0.14 and 1.32 ± 0.02 logs differences with the control, respectively). Glutaraldehyde prevented DNA leakage by preserving cell structures, while DNA integrity was not altered. The results show that current sterilization methods are effective on microorganism inactivation but do not safeguard an aqueous residue exempt of biologically reusable xenogenic material, being regular autoclaving the most severe DNA-affecting method. Reappraisal of sterilization methods is required along with risk assessment on the emission of DNA fragments in urban systems and nature.