Related Institutions Research Articles

A framework for analyzing the implementation of climate adaptation policies in the agriculture sector at the subnational level

This study presents a new framework for assessing the effectiveness of the implementation of climate adaptation policies for the agriculture sector at the subnational level. The role of the subnational level in climate policy is highly relevant, especially on the heels of the Paris Agreement (PA) of 2015. However, there is limited literature on climate adaptation policy implementation at the subnational level in the agricultural sector. Climate adaptation policy in agriculture is generally discussed at the national level, and subnational climate adaptation policies rarely address agriculture. Thus, this study was conducted to fill this gap by establishing an analytical framework based on the two existing literatures, which are not connected: climate adaptation policies at the subnational level and adaptation policies in the agricultural sector. The core components of the framework are (i) locally driven initiatives, (ii) locally capable institutions, (iii) legally implementable measures, and (iv) effective intergovernmental relations. The framework is then applied to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and Punjab, two provinces in Pakistan, a country highly dependent on the agricultural sector and one of the most vulnerable to climatic changes. We found that both provinces have locally driven policies and have made efforts to build capabilities in their public administrations to adapt to climate change in the agriculture sector. Punjab has advanced in several indicators of the components of the framework but still is weak in others, such as local monitoring and evaluation efforts. KPK has interesting efforts in the dissemination of farmers’ adaptation innovative initiatives (hidden adaptation), but still lags behind in the legal base for the policies. Finally, both provinces lack strong institutions for intergovernmental relations.

Legal regulation of forward contracts in construction investment

A brief overview of the legal regulation of forward contracts in construction investment is presented. The relevance of their application in modern conditions, taking into account international standards and the EU acquis, to stimulate the attraction of investments in the national economy, create a competitive environment and sustainable growth in the conditions of financial globalization and the development of communication technologies is substantiated.
 It was found that in order to implement Article 127 of the Association Agreement between Ukraine and the EU regarding the improvement of the financial sector regulation model, new editions of the Laws of Ukraine "On Capital Markets and Organized Commodity Markets" and "On Commodity Exchanges" were adopted, according to which international standards are gradually being implemented functioning of the infrastructure of capital markets, however, the analysis of regulatory and legal regulation and the practice of its application shows a number of problems that negatively affect the development processes of derivative financial instruments in the economy of Ukraine.
 The problems of taxation of forward contracts of joint investment institutes were considered, the analysis of judicial practice was carried out in the context of the research topic. It was concluded that the forward contract, if all the essential conditions and requisites inherent to it are present, is recognized by the courts as a derivative, which is a separate type of product. Fundamental to the determination of the possibility of applying a tax benefit when using forward contracts is the question of the acquisition of such assets at the expense of joint investment and whether they constitute assets of the institution of joint investment. The success of the legislative amendment on detailing the assets of the joint investment institute in relation to real estate objects, including in the form of an indivisible object and (or) divisible object of unfinished construction, future real estate object, is theoretically substantiated.
 It was concluded that the development of financial instruments in Ukraine based on leading international practices is the key to successful improvement of the instrumental configuration of capital markets and organized commodity markets for the integration of the national economy into the world economy. The prospects for the development of legal regulation of forward contracts in construction investment on the Ukrainian market are outlined.

The Future of National Security Law: Urgence and Ideas

Introduction: Sishankamrata is Indonesia's defence and security system that optimizes all nation components to maintain its existence. Sishankamrata emphasizes the collaboration and participation of citizens and related institutions. However, there was a legal vacuum before the National Security Law was enactedPurposes of the Research: This study seeks to discuss and analyze the urgency of the formation of the National Security Law to make the implementation of Sishankamrata successful.Methods of the Research: This research is normative legal research with a statutory and conceptual approach. The legal materials in this study include the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and the law governing national defence as the primary legal material. Secondary legal materials include books, articles, and research results. Non-legal materials include all non-legal studies related to national defence.Results of the Research: The results of the study confirm that the legal vacuum of the National Security Law needs to be overcome with the immediate ratification of the Law by emphasizing the urgency of enacting the Law through political will between the President and the DPR. In the future formulation, the Law must be reviewed formally and materially, especially by involving community participation and substantively guaranteeing the rights of the community in Sishankamrata.

Experimental Institutionalism and Radical Statecraft: Art in Autonomous Social Centres and Self-Managed Cultural Occupations in Rome

This article analyses experimental institutionalism in the city of Rome, focusing on artistic practices of the C.S.O.A. Centro Sociale Autonomo Occupato (Squatted Autonomous Social Centre) Forte Prenestino and the three-year occupation of Valle theatre, Teatro Valle Occupato. In scholarly research on art institutionalism, artistic practices in squatted spaces are often overlooked. While the 1990s European wave of experimental institutionalism transformed the concept of an art museum or art institution into a processed-based, community-oriented, and participatory platform, in Rome, the collectives of activists and artists used more autonomous endeavours, such as processes of instituting, to affirm how artistic practices’ use of radical imagination can foster collective agency, creativity, and radical statecraft. In the following, radical statecraft is understood as a political act that reclaims and creates anew institutional infrastructures. Teatro Valle Occupato’s experimental cultural institution of the commons at the 17th-century theatre Valle from 2012 to 2015, and the projects of artists and musicians of the European underground cultural hub C.S.O.A. Forte Prenestino at the squatted 19th-century military fort in the working-class, peripheric neighbourhood of Centocelle, are crucial examples of artistic, cultural, and institutional experimentation, whereby artistic and cultural practices foster social relationships based on freedom, mutualism, solidarity, and the commons. In both cases, the contingency to grassroots politics forged the desire and imagination to either create anew or carve out a social space. By reclaiming spaces in which art is used as a means of radical statecraft, these practices reimagine society fostering non-market-driven social relationships becoming pivotal in the struggles against the neoliberal turn in Italy.

Impact of the Center of Excellence Vocational High School Program on the Interest of New Learners

The main problem of private schools is the difficulty of finding new learners (NL), exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, making private schools even more slumped, including private Centers of Excellence Vocational High School (VHS CoE). Research objectives is to analyze; (1) promotion strategies for the private VHS CoE, (2) the impact of the VHS CoE on the interest of NL, and (3) the benefits of the VHS CoE. Qualitative descriptive research methods. The research sample was four private VHS CoE. Stages of research; (1) formulate problems, (2) determine the subject, (3) compile interview guidelines, (4) collect data, (5) sort and analyze data, (6) make conclusions. The results: (1) the private VHS CoE conduct direct socialization to pre-VHS, school residents, related institutions, and the community, and form a management team. Direct socialization is the most effective promotion strategy compared to other strategies, (2) the VHS CoE has an impact on NL interest fluctuatingly. The school program is the main consideration for NL to register at VHS CoE, while according to interests and talents is the main reason for NL to choose a flagship expertise program, and (3) the benefits of the VHS CoE, among others; improving the quality of schools, making it easier to get a job, and according to industry needs. The results of the study are expected to be the consideration of relevant agencies in making policies for the VHS CoE and for preparing strategies for capturing NL for private vocational schools.

Effect of Financial Innovations on Banks’ Return on Assets and Equity: A Case of Commercial Banks in Kenya

Purpose: The study sought to investigate the effect of financial innovation on banks’ return on assets and return on equity in Commercial Banks in Kenya. The main problem was that banks have implemented financial innovations, but the influence it has on financial performance has not been exhaustively and extensively evaluated especially in the emerging LDC markets. The effect it has on Return on Assets and Return on Equity remains unclear.
 Methodology: This study adopted Pragmatic research philosophy. The choice of philosophy was determined by the research problem. The study was based on correlational research design. The study area was Kenya, focused on its Commercial banks. The target population comprised of all of the 42 commercial banks licensed by the Central Bank of Kenya. Purposive sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 12 CMA / NSE listed banks. Secondary data from individual bank level, CMA and the CBK for the period 2007 to 2017 was used. The data analysis was based on fixed effect, random effect models or pooled regression of panel data analysis.
 Results: The findings of the study indicated that financial innovations had higher correlation with, and influence on ROA as indicated by overall R-squared of 0.5134. This means that the financial innovations under study had 51.34% influences on return on assets, holding all other factors constant. The overall R-squared for ROE was 0.2077. This means that on financial innovations studied had 20.77% influence on return on equity. Thus, there is positive and significant effect between financial innovations and Return on Assets and Return on Equity. Positive effect is an indication that if commercial banks in Kenya increased their asset and equity levels, their profitability as measured by ROA and ROE would improve. The study therefore finds the relevance of technology in improving performance of commercial banks in the country. Based on the findings, the study concluded that it is important for commercial banks in Kenya to continue investing in cost- effective technology to remain competitive in the industry.
 Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that Commercial banks should implement effective financial innovations that would positively influence ROA and ROE. The findings of this study shall assist commercial banks and related financial institutions to monitor outcomes including effects of financial innovations with projections for profits as well as higher returns on ROA, ROE. It shall guide academic reference and policy making.

The absence of language: A critical race discourse analysis of Ontario's child welfare legislation and the impacts on Black families

BackgroundThe research pertaining to racial disparities for Black families in child welfare is relatively limited in Canada. Recent research reveals that the overrepresentation of Black families in Canadian child welfare systems typically begins at the reporting or investigation stage and continues throughout the child welfare service and decision-making continuum. This research is occurring against the backdrop of increasing public acknowledgement of Canada's historic anti-Black policy-making and institutional relationships to Black communities. Though there is increased awareness about anti-Black racism, there has been limited exploration of the connection between anti-Black racism in child welfare legislation and how this policy generates disparities for Black families in both child welfare involvement and outcomes – this paper seeks to fill this gap in knowledge. ObjectiveThe objective of this paper is to explore the entrenchment of anti-Black racism within the child welfare system by critically assessing the language and absence of language within the guiding legislative and implementation policies. MethodsUtilizing a critical race discourse analysis method, this study explores the entrenchment of anti-Black racism within the Ontario child welfare system by critically assessing the language and absence of language within the guiding legislative policies that shape practice for Black children, youth, and families. ResultsThe findings revealed that though the legislation does not explicitly address anti-Black racism, there were instances where the legislation indicated that race and culture may be considered in responding to children and families. The lack of specificity, particularly in the Duty to Report, has the potential to contribute to disparate reporting and decision-making for Black families. ConclusionsPolicy makers should acknowledge the history of anti-Black racism that informed the development of the legislation in Ontario and move towards tackling systemic injustices that disproportionately affect Black families. More explicit language will shape future policies and practices to ensure that the impact of anti-Black racism is considered across the child welfare continuum.

Information literacy and its link to evidence-informed policymaking in Zimbabwe

This paper explored the link between information literacy (IL) and other factors that enable or inhibit the utilisation of research evidence in policymaking in Zimbabwe. The study assumes that if policymakers possess appropriate IL skills to access, assess, synthesise, and apply research evidence, they will naturally use the evidence to inform their policy decisions. Face-to-face interviews with 26 policymakers — technocrats selected from the Parliament of Zimbabwe and two ministries, Industry and Commerce, and Youth, Sport, and Recreation — produced evidence to inform the findings and conclusions. Data synthesis using thematic content analysis confirmed the findings. The results show that while IL skills are critical in enabling policymakers' use of research evidence, multiple other factors also influence the use of research evidence in policymaking due to the complexity of the process. The political and socioeconomic context plays a profound role because of the intricate and nonlinear nature of the policymaking process. Therefore, enhancing evidence use in policymaking revolves around strengthening IL skills at the individual level, including institutional and the broader policy ecosystem, by acknowledging and leveraging personal and institutional relationships. This insight illuminates the need to reorient IL programmes to link them to these other factors.

Opportunities for Improving Herbicide Resistance Management Strategies across New Zealand’s Arable Sector

Herbicide resistance is increasingly recognised as a challenge for agricultural producers worldwide. International scholarship and practical experiences suggest that collective efforts by diverse agricultural stakeholders are crucial for effective resistance management. In New Zealand, such sector-wide initiatives and strategies remain fragmented, partly due to a lack of state coordination and national extension services. This article synthesises insights from three complementary social research methods involving actors across the country’s arable-crop-growing sector (focus groups, semi-structured interviews, and an industry workshop) to identify pathways to foster collaboration and more strategic resistance management. The presented findings detail challenges, opportunities, and potential actions across four domains: strengths and weaknesses of New Zealand’s farming context, better information and knowledge exchange, improved collaboration and coordination, and targeted education and training. Our analysis highlights that most opportunities described within these domains involve purposely strengthening existing, or forming new, social and institutional relationships as part of establishing resistance management as a shared sector responsibility. A portfolio of multipronged initiatives and programmes is then required for effective whole-industry strategies. We discuss potential next steps to collectively realise identified opportunities, from more immediately feasible steps to long-term activities. These insights conceptually contribute to the international scholarship on herbicide resistance by reinforcing the notion that industry leadership and meaningful farmer involvement are indispensable for more collaborative approaches aimed at strategically managing resistance.

Strategi Pengelolaan dan Pengembangan Pesantren Salaf

Pesantren, Indonesia's oldest educational institution, has played a significant role in Islamic education. This article explores the management and development strategies for salaf pesantren. It delves into historical context, discussing the unique elements of pesantren: kyai (teachers), santri (students), pondok (boarding), masjid (mosque), and classical book teachings. Challenges include centralized leadership, management complexities, and the need for professional human resources. The article proposes solutions, encompassing financial management, personalized student guidance, result evaluation principles, structural management, socio-egalitarianism, epistemology or methodology mastery, continuous innovation, and economic empowerment. The paper also emphasizes innovation, aligned curriculum, and cooperation among pesantren and related institutions. It concludes that pesantren can thrive by embracing modern strategies while preserving core values.

Undang-Undang Perkawinan dan Penyuluh Agama dalam Meminimalisir Pernikahan Dini di Indonesia

Marriage is an obligation for all muslims, but in the laws and regulations of marriage has a minimum limit to the age. Where this study will discuss about the rise of early marriage in Indonesia along with the factors and implications as well as the role of institutions related to early marriage. This research using the method of phenomenology with normative juridical approach and the data that comes from sources related institutions. The results of this study are expected to be an evaluation material of the parties related to the rise of early marriage in Indonesia, especially in remote areas.

From family to markets. How institutional determinants of rural youth transitions have changed in Senegal and Zambia over time

The future of rural youth employment is a major issue in sub-Saharan Africa because structural transformation is slow. However, youth employment is rarely considered in terms of institutional economics or in a long-term perspective, both of which are essential for analysing structural change. Little research has focused on employment issues and how they are affected by the type of rural areas, and especially the farming potential. This paper seeks to identify the main institutional determinants of youth transitions. We examine the assets and opportunities, internal or external to the family, available to young people. Combining a theoretical framework based on institutional economics with a comparative and historical methodology can reveal structural change in rural areas. The research draws on original longitudinal data collected in four rural areas in Senegal and Zambia in order to analyse transitions to adulthood among three successive cohorts of youth. While the majority of youth employment policies focus on improving young people's skills, the long-term analysis reveals the institutional changes regarding access to land, capital and knowledge, as well as the redistribution of value and social protection. The analysis points to the importance of taking account of structural characteristics and related institutions when addressing the challenge of employment for future cohorts of youth.

Analysis of Economic Potential in Stock Zakat in the Indonesian Financial Sector

The aim of this study is to examine the economic potential of zakat shares within Indonesia's expanding financial sector, as it has the capacity to enhance the well-being of individuals and promote economic growth. This type of zakat is analyzed through analytical and descriptive methods, utilizing secondary data from financial reports and related institutions. Despite low levels of community participation, this research indicates that the potential for zakat shares within Indonesia's financial sector is substantial. Through data analysis, it is evident that zakat shares can contribute to the enhancement of the financial sector by increasing liquidity and investor confidence, as well as promoting more inclusive economic growth and equitable distribution of wealth. Consequently, to provide significant economic benefits for the financial sector as a whole, it is necessary to augment public participation in zakat shares and improve zakat infrastructure.

A Survey on Public Health Doctor of Korean Medicine Participating in School Doctor of Korean Medicine Program

Objectives: This study provides basic data for activating the school doctor of Korean medicine (SDKM) program by conducting a questionnaire survey for public health doctor of Korean medicine (PHDKM)Methods: The survey questionnaire was produced by referring to the previous satisfaction survey studies for the Doctor of Korean medicine applying for the SDKM program (SDKMP). The survey questionnaire was composed of 10 questions regarding the satisfaction level, difficulties in progress, and suggestions for activation. The survey was conducted online for a total of 35 PHDKM applying for SDKMP, and 32 responses were collected.Results: Of the 32 subjects, 9 (28.1%) conducted the SDKMP. The total satisfaction level of the SDKMP was 3.69 ± 1.12 points. The lack of a standardized manual and information system was the most difficult in the program’s progress (43.8%), followed by the bad cooperation of the public health centers (40.6%), and the lack of personal circumstances (40.6%). The establishment of a system to enlist cooperation with related institutions was suggested the most as a question for activating the SDKMP (71.9%), followed by the expansion of the SDKMP manual and guidance system (53.1%), and the expansion of publicity about SDKMP (37.5%).Conclusions: To activate the SDKMP in a public health environment, it is necessary to improve the system to enlist cooperation with related institutions. Also, the need to expand the standardized manual, the guidance system, and the education to PHDKM about SDKMP.

From public debates to institutional establishment: Exploring the mission of the National Museum of Contemporary Art in Greece

In December 1997, the National Museum of Contemporary Art (Ethniko Mouseio Synchronis Technis–EMST) was established by law in Athens under the auspices of the Hellenic Ministry of Culture, compensating for the long-term absence of a state museum of contemporary art in Greece. Following the restitution of democracy in 1974, the question ‘what kind of museum do we need for contemporary art in Greece?’ was raised by artists and other professionals (critics, curators, gallerists, researchers) and explored through a series of public debates and events. However, only in the 1990s was this demand supported by politicians, eventually leading to the establishment of the EMST in 1997. This article examines the public debates developed by art professionals from 1976 to 1997 regarding the mission of the museum as an open, experimental institution in relation to the broader cultural and sociopolitical context. It also analyses the legislation related to its establishment and questions whether the above priorities and expectations were reflected in the relevant legal provisions.

Pengaruh Jumlah Industri Jumlah Penduduk dan Output Terhadap Penyerapan Tenaga Kerja Sektor Industri Kecil di Indonesia

This study aims to determine and analyze how the influence of the number of industries, the population and also the output value on the absorption of labor in the small industrial sector in Indonesia. This study uses secondary data sourced from data obtained from official institutions and related institutions or data that has been managed by a second party and published by relevant institutions in this study, such as BPS, Department of Industry, trade, and so onresearch variables are grouped into two parts, namely first, the independent variable in the form of the number of industries, the number of industries and the value of output. Second, the dependent variable in the form of employment. This study uses panel data regression analysis using the Random Effect Model (REM) method with a cross section of the number of industries, population, output values for the 2015-2020 period. The results of the study show that the number of industries and the number of residents have a positive and significant effect on the absorption of labor in the small industrial sector in Indonesia. while the output value also has a positive but not significant effect on employment in the small industrial sector in Indonesia.

Investigating spatial relationship of soil capability and agricultural land management in Cugenang District, Cianjur Regency

Soil as a medium for plant growth is the most important factor in agriculture. Soil capability is closely related to soil fertility which describes soil productivity in producing optimal agricultural production. Cugenang District is located in Cianjur Regency, which has abundant rice crops. Cugenang District also experiences changes in land use and disasters that can decrease the land’s ability. This study aims to map and analyze the capability of the soil and land management of paddy fields and the relationship between the two. This quantitative research uses spatial, statistical, and descriptive analysis. Data were collected by observation, soil sampling, interviews, and secondary data sourced from related institutions. The collected data will be processed using statistical tests and geospatial technology using ArcGIS 10.8 to visualize soil capability and land management of paddy fields geographically. The weighted overlay technique’s spatial analysis results show that most paddy fields have medium and low soil capability. Meanwhile, high soil capability for paddy fields is mostly found in high areas of Cugenang District. The land management of paddy fields is calssified into two combinations. The first combination is between vegetative conservation and fertilization. The second combination is between vegetative conservation, mechanics conservation, and fertilization. Statistical test using chi-square shows a strong relationship between soil capability and land management. The results of this study indicate that the majority of paddy fields with medium soil capability use three methods of land management techniques, while paddy fields with low soil capability use two methods of land management techniques.

MUI Fatwa's Contribution to Legal Policies Related to Covid-19 Vaccination Regulations

This article examines the impact of the Fatwa of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) on the legal policies regulating COVID-19 vaccination. The MUI fatwa is a religious edict issued by a prominent Islamic institution in Indonesia that outlines the halal status, benefits, and safety of the COVID-19 vaccine. In the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination-related legal policies are crucial for assuring public health protection and combating the pandemic. The MUI fatwa can guide the government and related institutions when formulating legal policies regarding COVID-19 vaccination. This article will discuss in detail how the MUI Fatwa contributes to the formulation of legal procedures in Indonesia regarding the regulation of COVID-19 vaccination. This article examines the effect of the MUI Fatwa on government decision-making, the implementation of rules, and the COVID-19 vaccination program in Indonesia. This article will identify key aspects of the MUI Fatwa that impact legal policies relating to COVID-19 vaccination through a qualitative approach incorporating literature studies and statutory regulation approaches. In addition, this article will assess the benefits and drawbacks of the contribution of the MUI Fatwa and provide suggestions for enhancing the role and efficacy of the MUI Fatwa in Indonesian legal policies concerning COVID-19 vaccination. By understanding the assistance of the MUI Fatwa to legal procedures regarding the regulation of COVID-19 vaccination, it is hoped that this article will provide policymakers, related institutions, and the general public with valuable insights for addressing the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic and promoting effective and sustainable vaccination efforts.

Perencanaan Desain Tapak Jasa Lingkungan Wisata Alam Di Hutan Lindung Gunung Mahawu

The main objective of this study is to develop a site design for planning the development and management of natural tourism environmental services that are harmonious and harmonious with the natural environmental conditions in the Mount Mahawu Protection Forest by describing the potential, potential distribution and site analysis of each potential natural tourist attraction object. This research began in March to May 2023. The data used in this study were secondary data and primary data. Survey methods namely observation and inventory are used to obtain primary data in the form of biophysical data on research locations, types of potential natural tourist attraction objects as well as information on flora and fauna obtained at potential ODTW points determined by purposive sampling. Secondary data was obtained from a literature study as well as data from related institutions, namely the Forest Management Unit V of the Regional Forestry Service of North Sulawesi Province. The results showed that there were 6 forms of Land Mapping Unit (LMU) and 7 Land Utilization Types (LUT). The level of feasibility of developing ODTW potential consists of low to high categories. The high potential category is in LMU V and VI. LMU II is in the medium category class, LMU I, III and IV are in the medium and low categories. Alternatives to developing management space consist of business space covering an area of 522.663 Ha and public space of 53.265 Ha or 9.25% of the total site area by considering ecological, policy, technical and socio-cultural aspects.

Remote Health Screening for the Elderly at the Posyandu during the Covid-19 Pandemic

Anxiety, cognitive impairment function, hypertension, obesity, cardiovascular disease, and stroke in elderly is increasing in Covid-19 pandemic. This can lower their quality of life. Meanwhile, Integrated elderly health service (posyandu) have been temporary suspended to prevent infection on elderly who are high risk for severe illness Covid-19. The aim of this activity is to facilitate elderly to access health service and connected the role of some institutions for providing appropriate intervention. The method of this activity was a discussion with related institutions in online health screening of elderly integrated health service. Then, we conduct health screening using online questionnaire. Based on data, we analyze elderly with health problems to get home visit for further examination and give therapy and education. Result of these activity, we found 58 persons (16,02%) with health problem, 42 (11,6%) persons are having mental emotional disorder, 205 (69,05%) with risk of fall, and 53 (14,6%) are having cognitive impairment, 37 and 133 are low nutrition and obesity. Only health institutions give intervention for those elderly with health problem and have to gain awareness and advocation for planning action for elderly based on their roles.