King Faisal Research Articles

The Effect of Service Quality on Patient Satisfaction at King Faisal Hospital in Saudi Arabia

The healthcare sector offers medical services to those in need of medical attention. Clinics, hospitals, and community health services are all part of the health services sector. One healthcare facility crucial to enhancing the general state of public health is the hospital. In the healthcare sector, achieving patient satisfaction depends heavily on service quality. As a result of the growing degree of competition, hospitals are becoming more conscious of how important it is to give their patients the highest caliber of care. Aim: to investigate the impact of Service Quality (SQ) on Patient Satisfaction (PSAT). Methodology: a quantitative cross-sectional correlational study, a convenience sample of 380 in-patients receiving treatment at a governmental hospital, King Faisal Hospital in Saudi Arabia. Data was collected by using two questionnaires: Service Quality (SQ) and patient satisfaction (PSAT) with data analysis conducted using Amoss26 and SPSS26. Conclusion: The findings revealed Service Quality (SQ) positively influenced patient satisfaction. Limitation: Since there are fewer studies on Service Quality (SQ) in the healthcare sector than in manufacturing industries, this research substantially contributes to existing literature and merits additional study. Furthermore, this research offers significant perspectives for managers in the healthcare industry about strategic planning and decision-making procedures.

Prevalence and Determinants of Vaccine ‎Hesitancy Among Students at King Faisal ‎University

Prevalence and Determinants of Vaccine ‎Hesitancy Among Students at King Faisal ‎University

Successful biventricular assist device Berlin heart implantation leading to heart transplant in a complicated pediatric case: an experience from a single center

The use of the Berlin heart EXCOR ventricular assist device (VAD) as a bridge to heart transplantation in pediatric patients has become increasingly widespread. This case report presents a detailed account of the successful implantation of a biventricular assist device (BIVAD) Berlin heart device in a complex pediatric case at the esteemed King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. The patient, diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and Kawasaki disease, underwent a series of interventions and treatments before requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and subsequently receiving the Berlin heart device. The post-implantation period was marked by significant challenges, including instances of bleeding and clot formation, necessitating multiple interventions and careful management. Ultimately, a heart transplant was performed; however, the patient encountered humoral rejection, leading to additional targeted treatment. Despite these intricate complications, the patient exhibited substantial improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) following the transplant, indicating a positive outcome. This case underscores the successful use of a BIVAD Berlin heart device as a viable bridge to heart transplantation in a complicated pediatric case, highlighting the crucial role of a multidisciplinary approach and meticulous management of complications throughout the entire treatment process.

Echocardiographic Evaluation in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy: A Single Center Experience.

Introduction Heart failure develops as a result of dysfunction in the cardiac muscle, which impairs the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. For this reason, many studies have shown that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) has significantly reduced symptoms and improved cardiac function in patients with heart failure. Echocardiography is crucial in assessing CRT response, as it helps differentiate between patients who benefit from CRT and those who do not by evaluating key parameters like left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), a critical parameter in determining CRT eligibility. However, few studies focus specifically on the effectiveness of echocardiography for assessing CRT response, with existing research limited by a lack of standardized protocols and inadequate predictive tools. Accordingly, this study aims to assess the role of echocardiography in evaluating the efficacy of CRT in patients with heart failure at King Faisal Cardiac Center. Methodology This was a retrospective analytical cohort study that included all adult patients diagnosed with heart failure and underwent CRT between January 2017 and December 2021 at King Faisal Cardiac Center, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Data were obtained from the Cardiac Non-invasive Lab, which was selected for its essential diagnostic tools for comprehensive echocardiographic evaluation of CRT efficacy. Study subjects were over 18 years old, diagnosed with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (LVEF <35%), underwent CRT, and had echocardiograms at baseline and at least six months post-therapy. The collected data were retrieved from electronic medical records (BestCare; ezCaretech Co., Ltd,Seoul, South Korea), including relevant demographics and echocardiographic parameters such as end-systolic volume (ESV), end-diastolic volume (EDV), and ejection fraction (EF). Statistical analysis, paired t-tests,and Shapiro-Wilk test to assess data normality were conducted to evaluate pre- and post-CRT changes, with significance set at P<0.05. Results A total of 53 heart failure patients met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results of the study indicate statistically significant differences in the mean EF before and after CRT increased from 29.09±6.52% to 33.3±10.69% (p-value=0.0014). The mean ESV decreased from 114.46±60.63 mL to 97.13±65.89 mL, demonstrating a clinically significant improvement (p=0.056), and the mean EDVdecreased from 157.08±64.67 mL to 138.87±78.07 mL (p = 0.0158). Furthermore, the EF increased by 14.47%, and the ESV decreased by 15.14% after CRT.These findings indicate improvement in left ventricular function following CRT. Conclusion The study demonstrates significant improvements in echocardiographic parameters based on echocardiogram findings, particularly the outcomes of EF and ESV after CRT in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.These findings highlight the potential of CRT as an effective therapy and aid in detecting responders to treatment. Nevertheless, the study is limited by a relatively small sample size, exclusion of comorbidities, and short follow-up period. Therefore, further longitudinal studies with larger cohorts and consideration of comorbidities are recommended.

The effectiveness of liver transplantation in reducing lipid levels in Saudi children with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia

IntroductionThe lipid profiles of patients aged &amp;lt;15 years who have been diagnosed with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital &amp;amp; Research Center (Riyadh) were examined.MethodsThe total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of 17 patients were measured on initial presentation and compared with the levels measured after pharmacological treatment and then again after liver transplantation.ResultsAt the end of the pharmacological treatment, the total cholesterol levels decreased by an average of 3.79 mmol/L (reduced by 15.40%) (P &amp;lt; 0.001), and LDL-C levels decreased on average by 2.73 mmol/L (reduced by 13.46%) (P = 0.014). However, in two patients, LDL-C levels increased by 5.42% and 9.03% after pharmacological treatment. Conversely, the lipid values measured after liver transplantation decreased significantly nearly to within normal and borderline limits. The post-transplant total cholesterol and LDL-C levels declined by a mean of 19.96 mmol/L (reduced by 81.04%) and 17.47 mmol/L (reduced by 84.27%), respectively (P &amp;lt; 0.001 for both).DiscussionThese findings suggest that liver transplantation provides a more effective means to reduce elevated total cholesterol and LDL-C levels in patients with HoFH. Although liver transplantation is considered a better treatment for FHoH, risks, complications, and donor organ shortage may present problems.

Patient awareness, knowledge, and acceptability of antenatal perineal massage: A single-center cross-sectional study from Saudi Arabia.

This study assessed the knowledge, awareness, and acceptability of antenatal perineal massage (APM) among pregnant women in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study included 240 pregnant women who met the predefined inclusion criteria and attended the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, from 1 October to 31 December 2023. Participants answered seven knowledge questions, classified as having good knowledge if they answered ≥4 correctly and poor knowledge if <4 were correct. Most women (46.25%) reported it was their first encounter with APM. Common sources of information included the internet (39.58%), physicians/midwives (7.92%), and friends/family (3.75%). Nearly half (47.5%) had heard of APM, but only 8.75% had practiced it, and 3.75% attended related classes. Only 17.5% knew that APM could be performed by the woman or her partner, while 25.83% knew it should start at 34 weeks, and 17.92% recognized the recommended duration of 5 to 10 minutes daily. Additionally, 22.5%, 15.83%, and 35.42% acknowledged APM's benefits for labor duration, anal sphincter dysfunction, and perineal injuries, respectively. The average knowledge score was 1.39±1.84, with 84.17% classified as having poor knowledge. No significant differences were found between knowledge levels (p>0.05). Low acceptability was noted, with only 58% of patients and 37% of their partners willing to engage in APM. No significant differences in acceptability were found between poor and good knowledge groups (p>0.05). The study revealed low awareness, poor knowledge, and weak acceptability of APM among pregnant patients. Targeted education for patients and healthcare providers could enhance knowledge and improve maternal-fetal health outcomes.

Assessing the effect of implementing a central line care bundle on central line-associated bloodstream infections in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia

Central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) are severe bloodstream infections caused by catheter use and are often associated with a longer hospital stay, increased healthcare costs, and a higher mortality rate. However, catheter-related bloodstream infections can be successfully treated. It is essential that healthcare workers are aware of central line (CL) insertion and maintenance bundles to reduce and prevent the incidence of CLABSI. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of implementing CL care bundles on hospital-wide CLABSI incidence rates. This is a prospective study conducted at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Saudi Arabia from January 2017 to December 2021. The research period was divided into two phases: the pre-intervention phase (January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2018) and the post-intervention phase (January, 2019 to December 31, 2020). During both phases, outcome variables, including CLABSI rate, were assessed. In the present study, the total number of CLABSIs is 439, of which 266 were in the pre-intervention phase and 173 were in the post-intervention phase. The overall CLABSI rate significantly decreased from 1.6±0.05 in the pre-intervention phase to 0.9±0.05 in the post-intervention phase. This decline in CLABSI was significant (p&lt;0.0001) across all hospital settings, including critical care and non-critical care units. The implementation of care bundles is essential and has been shown to significantly reduce CLABSI rates in nearly all participating units.

Prevalence of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder among Medical Students, King Faisal University

Background: The neurobehavioral disorder known as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is typified by impulsivity, hyperactivity, and difficulty in maintaining focus. According to recent research, it can last into adulthood. Regarding identifying adult ADHD, the fifth edition of the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders" has undergone major alteration. As far as we are aware, few research has been done in the Gulf region on adult ADHD among medical students.Method: A cross-sectional study was carried out on students of medicine from all academic years in King Faisal University, Hofuf, from December 2023 until June 2024. 279 medical students participated in the study. Self-reported English questionnaires with two sections—a sociodemographic section and a screening scale for adult ADHD based on the DSM5 version—were utilized for the investigation. Outcomes: (14. %) of pupils mentioned having signs of ADHD. Results: Of the sample, 14% of students exhibited ADHD symptoms, a rate higher than the global prevalence. Female students (13.1%) and first-year students (18.9%) showed significant ADHD symptoms. Psychological comorbidities were present in 28.6% of ADHD-affected students compared to 11.4% of non-affected students. The ADHD group demonstrated mild but notable challenges in concentration, relaxation, and impulsive behavior, with implications for academic performance and stress management.Conclusion: Our study shows a higher prevalence compared with a worldwide prevalence of i.e., 14%. This difference could be due to community interaction and way of living life style factors. Those individuals may have difficulty in communication and learning which can disturb students’ academic efficiency, lengthen their study, and even disturb their development.

Burnout among emergency and surgery residents: An exploration of contributing factors and implications.

To assess the prevalence of burnout among emergency and surgical residents and explore the associated factors. This study was carried out at King Faisal University, Al Hofuf, Saudi Arabia, through the period from January to march 2024. A cross-sectional survey design was employed, utilizing the Maslach burnout inventory-human services survey and the resilience scale-14 to measure burnout and resilience. The survey included demographic information, health-related questions, and specific burnout-related items. Descriptive statistics, frequency distributions, and inferential analyses were carried out to explore the relationships between burnout, demographic factors, and resilience. The study revealed a diverse representation across demographic factors, with variations in burnout prevalence. Approximately 63% of participants reported experiencing burnout, with high levels of emotional exhaustion (55%) and depersonalization (28%). Resilience levels varied across different demographic characteristics. Significant associations were found between burnout and factors such as gender, marital status, having children, specialty, length of experience, and enrollment in postgraduate programs. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted interventions to address burnout in healthcare professionals. The nuanced relationships between burnout, resilience, and demographic factors highlight the importance of tailored strategies to mitigate burnout effectively. Addressing burnout is crucial not only for the well-being of healthcare professionals but also for maintaining high-quality patient care.

Saudi Postgraduate Students` Ethical Commitment between Awareness and Application of Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Writing

This research explores the extent of ethical awareness among postgraduate students and their commitment to ethical standards when using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques in scientific writing (SW). It identifies gaps between what students know about ethics and how they apply this knowledge in their SW, specifically in content generation, analysis, and data handling. The study also evaluates the implications of postgraduate students’ increasing use of AI for academic integrity and the verification of sources, focusing on developing effective strategies and measures to ensure ethical compliance. The study participants comprised 68 male and female students from the College of Education at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. A descriptive survey research design was used: researchers developed a questionnaire to determine postgraduate students’ level of moral commitment between awareness and the application of AI in their dissertations, theses, and research projects. Results indicated that this commitment is moderate. There were no statistically significant differences between the participants` scores due to age, gender, seniority at university, study type, study state, or subject specialization. The study recommends establishing and implementing intensive awareness training programmes for postgraduate students focused on the importance of ethics in using AI in accordance with academic integrity standards. The study also suggests that institutions review and update academic policies to ensure clear ethical principles regarding the use of AI in SW are included.

Premenstrual syndrome and its impact on the quality of life among female medical students at King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia

Background: Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) affects many women, impacting daily activities and potentially hindering academic performance. Female students, in particular, may experience exacerbated effects due to neglecting symptoms. This study investigated the prevalence of PMS and its association with factors influencing female medical students' quality of life (QoL) at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional survey distributed to 264 students assessed demographics, family background, menstrual characteristics, PMS symptoms, and study-related QoL. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: PMS prevalence was 34.8% (92/264). Students in clinical years (40% vs. 29% in pre-clinical) and with introverted personalities (43.5%) were more likely to experience PMS. The most commonly reported symptoms were depressive effect, anxiety, fatigue, and irritability (all 100%). Students with PMS reported a higher impact on study-career satisfaction (28.3% vs. 20.3% without) and stress levels (57.6% vs. 37.8% without). Conclusion: This study suggests a significant prevalence of PMS (34.8%) among female medical students. An association was found between PMS, year of study, personality type, and specific aspects of study-related QoL, particularly impacting study-career satisfaction and stress.

The Manifestations and Complications of X-linked Hypophosphatemia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Study

Background: X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a genetic disease of phosphate metabolism in which inactivating mutations of the phosphate regulating endopeptidase homolog, X-linked (PHEX) gene lead to local and systemic effects. In our pediatric clinics, XLH was observed to be associated with multiple complications despite conventional treatment. There is a need for novel treatment modalities to prevent disease progression and aid in the resolution of symptoms. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study aimed to understand the manifestations and complications of XLH in patients followed up at the endocrinology clinics in King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Saudi Arabia. The study was conducted by reviewing the medical files of all XLH patients at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center. Results: All the patients (N=24) who were included in this study had PHEX gene mutations. The mean age was 18.7 13.6 years and 68% were females. The mean height standard deviation score (HSDS) was ‑2.96 (-5.25 to -0.97) and 12 patients reached their final height (mean final HSDS, -3.28 [-1.39 to ‑5.39]). Skeletal deformities (mainly genu varum) were observed in 68% of the patients and 29% had craniosynostosis; 54% had undergone corrective osteotomy. Hyperparathyroidism was observed in 54% of the patients and 45% of the patients had nephrocalcinosis (grades 2/3). Conclusions: In our study, a majority of the XLH patients suffered from complications arising from the use of conventional therapy, thus indicating the need for novel treatment modalities for these patients. Additionally, no correlation between genotype and phenotype was found.

Prevalence and Predictors of Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing in Older People Receiving Home Health Care in Saudi Arabia According to the American Geriatrics Society Beers Criteria 2019.

Potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP) is a common health problem in older adults and is associated with negative health outcomes such as the occurrence of adverse drug events. Several studies have been conducted in different countries and settings to assess the prevalence of PIP, including in Home Care Services. However, data on the prevalence of PIP in home-care services in Saudi Arabia are limited. This study aimed to evaluate PIP use among older patients receiving home healthcare services in Saudi Arabia and to identify the predictors and commonly implicated medications.; Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted over an 8-month period between January and August 2023. Data were collected from the medical records of patients older than 65 years who were currently receiving home health care services at King Faisal Hospital in Taif City, Saudi Arabia. PIPs were identified using the 2019 updated Beers Criteria.; Results: A total of 375 patients were included. Out of these, 285 PIPs were identified, of which 219 patients (58.4%) received at least one PIP. The most common therapeutic class associated with the PIPs was gastrointestinal medications (66.3%). Patient age and number of medications were significant predictors of PIP.; Conclusions: Our study found a high prevalence of PIP among elderly patients receiving home health care in Taif, Saudi Arabia. This study highlights the need for improved patient data automation and implementation of the Beers criteria to prevent PIPs in the future.

Effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on PTH and increasing the glomerular filtration rate in kidney transplant patients at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center

The association between oral cholecalciferol and GFR has been identified in various renal transplant populations around the globe. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of oral cholecalciferol supplementation on the GFR and serum PTH levels, with other parameters in the Saudi kidney transplant population. A retrospective observational study was conducted on a cohort of 174 kidney recipients who underwent transplantation and had serum 25-Hydroxy VD level tests performed (2018-2022) at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Jeddah, KSA. Generalized and linear mixed effects regression models were conducted. The percentage of GFR &gt;60 (25.86% vs 78.16%, P&lt;.0001) and VD insufficiency (&lt; 30 ng/mL) (36.21% vs 6.90%, P&lt;.0001) were significantly different between pre-&amp; post-transplant periods, respectively. After adjustment, significant changes were found in post-transplant GFR, hemoglobin levels, serum creatinine levels, blood urea nitrogen levels, hematocrit levels, PTH levels, and VD 25-Hydroxy from the baseline. Calciferol 1000/2000 IU and 50,000 IU (P&lt;.0001) were significantly more effective in increasing the odds of having GFR &gt;60 as compared to other supplements (P=0.75). VD supplementations may be particularly beneficial in improving kidney function in kidney transplant patients, as this contributes to normalizing GFR levels and creatinine levels and reducing PTH levels.

Association Between Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) Colonization Status at Time of Hospital Admission and the Subsequent Development of CRE Infection and Mortality in High-Risk Patients.

The study aimed to determine the impact of Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) colonization status on development of CRE infection and 30-day mortality outcomes in high-risk patients. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia from October 2022 to July 2023. It included all patients aged 14 years and older admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), the renal transplant unit and the oncology units who were screened for CRE colonization upon hospital admission. Overall, 246 patients comprised the study population and 37 patients (56.8% ICU, 13.5% renal transplant unit, and 29.7% oncology units) had a positive CRE screening test. The majority of the isolates (59.5%) were OXA-48. Almost one-third (32.1%) of the patients had diabetes mellitus and 55.3% had any underlying immunosuppression. Eight (3.3%) patients had a confirmed CRE infection and 35 (14.2%) patients died within 30 days of screening. A positive CRE screening test significantly increased the likelihood of 30-day mortality for this high-risk patient population (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.06, 95% CI = 1.10-8.51, p = 0.03). A substantial percentage of the high-risk patients had a positive CRE screening test at the time of hospital admission and CRE-colonization status predicted 30-day mortality. Further studies are needed to determine the best practices for CRE screening as a strategy to prevent infection and mortality.

Outcome of patient undergoing redo mitral valve surgery with incidence rate of mitral valve infective endocarditis

BackgroundThe incidence of infective endocarditis (IE) in patients undergoing redo mitral valve (MV) surgery was evaluated. The outcomes of all the patients and the patients’ specific characteristics were recorded. The patients were analyzed to further the research of IE in this population.MethodThis was a retrospective review of patients admitted for redo MV surgery with a prospective follow-up of electronic medical records at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2009 to 2019. Pre/intra/post-operative factors contributing to mortality, morbidity, and freedom of adverse events were analyzed.ResultA total of 211 patients underwent redo MV surgery, and 41 patients (19.4%) had IE; and 51% of this subset of patients, 21 individuals, developed IE after the initial MV surgery. MV stenosis was moderate/severe in 50 patients. Furthermore, MV regurgitation was present in 89 patients. Multivariate analysis of the data revealed multiple factors influencing mortality: age, peripheral vascular disease, concomitant procedures, peripheral vascular disease, red blood cell transfusions, preoperative mechanical valves, and active IE. In-hospital Mortality was 10.9%. The one-, five-, and ten-year survival was 88%, 79%, and 69% across all patients.ConclusionAlthough redo MV surgery has acceptable outcomes; the presence of IE or concomitant procedures is a significant health detriment in these patients. Our study highlights the need for careful patient management and more in-depth research in this area to improve patient outcomes.

The Changing Educational Landscape for Sustainable Online Experiences: Implications of ChatGPT in Arab Students’ Learning Experience

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into education is rapidly transforming traditional paradigms of teaching and learning. ChatGPT, an advanced AI system capable of sophisticated language generation, represents a potentially disruptive innovation in this sphere. This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design using a cross-sectional approach to examine ChatGPT’s emerging role in reshaping students’ learning experiences within higher education. A survey of 473 undergraduate students at King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia assessed ChatGPT’s usage patterns, effectiveness, and implications across diverse learning domains. Data were collected through a structured online survey distributed over a month and analyzed using quantitative measures (i.e., SPSS). Sixty precent (60%) of the students reported using ChatGPT for homework assistance, with 27.7% doing so weekly. Additionally, 45.5% utilized it for research, 35.5% for exam preparation, and approximately 30% for language learning and content discussions. Over 60% of the students recognized moderate to significant positive impacts of ChatGPT on their academic performance, research skills, and technical competencies. However, 38.7% reported no discernible effects on critical thinking. Factor analysis identified engagement as a key pathway for ChatGPT to enrich learning, with usage strongly linked to participation and motivation. Regression analysis determined usage frequency, satisfaction, and perceived usefulness as significant predictors of ChatGPT’s academic effectiveness, evidenced by beta coefficients of 0.21 for usage frequency and 0.25 for satisfaction. The findings showcase ChatGPT’s promising versatility as an AI-powered educational tool, while emphasizing the need for ethical frameworks, balanced expectations, and holistic adoption strategies to maximize benefits and minimize risks. Further research into pedagogical integration capabilities and evolving impacts will be critical as advanced AI becomes increasingly pervasive throughout education.

Incidence, Risk Factors, Organism Types, and Outcomes of Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections in Hemodialysis Patients.

Background Patients undergoing hemodialysis for End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) are at risk for Hemodialysis Catheter-Related Bloodstream Infections (CRBSIs). This study evaluates the incidence, risk factors, organism types, and outcomes of CRBSI in adult patients on maintenance hemodialysis at King Faisal Hospital, Rwanda. Methods This was a prospective cohort study of adult patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis via central venous hemodialysis catheters at King Faisal Hospital, Rwanda. Upon receiving the IRB approval, 81 eligible patients, women, and men aged between 19 and 74, were enrolled. Restricted Mean Survival Time (RMST) analysis evaluated the risk factors for CRBSI. The statistical significance was determined using p-values, with a cut-off of 0.05. Results The incidence of CRBSI was found to be 0.78 episodes per 1,000 catheter-days. Acute hemodialysis catheter type and anemia were associated with increased risk for CRBSI, with a P-value less than 0.05. In addition, all CRBSI cases were due to bacteria, with 52.63% gram-negative and 47.37% gram-positive. Out of 19 CRBSI events,nine cases (47.37%) required hospitalization with a median duration of seven days. Approximately half of the CRBSIs required catheter removal. No metastatic infection or death was noted. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that our hemodialysis unit has an incidence of 0.78 episodes per 1,000 catheter-days. Catheter type and anemia were significantly associated with CRBSI.

Parents' views on pediatric COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia.

To end the COVID-19 pandemic, we need to reach herd immunity. A successful pediatric COVID-19 immunization program is the only way to achieve this goal. The objective of this study was to determine the views of parents in Saudi Arabia on the COVID-19 vaccine in children. This cross-sectional study took place within the Family Medicine Pediatric clinics at the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center (KFSH and RC). All parents of patients of Family Medicine Pediatric Clinics at KFSH and RC, Riyadh, were invited to participate in this study between January 2022 and June 2022. A culturally sensitive and specially designed questionnaire was administered using an interview-based model. Safety concerns were the primary reason for vaccine hesitancy among parents, with 29.7% of parents expressing concerns about side effects and 25.1% not knowing where to get reliable information about vaccines. Negative information and lack of perceived need were also important factors, with 17.1% and 18.3% of parents citing these reasons, respectively. Poor knowledge about vaccines was a significant predictor of parental vaccine hesitancy. Mothers had more concerns about the efficacy and safety of vaccines than fathers. Our study demonstrated a negative attitude toward the pediatric COVID-19 vaccine among parents in Saudi Arabia. A higher level of awareness about the vaccine was significantly associated with planning on having the vaccine. There is a need for effective awareness programs for better pediatric COVID-19 vaccine-related education to increase the acceptance of the vaccine among parents in Saudi Arabia.

245.9: Adult intestinal transplant program at King Faisal specialist hospital and research center, Riyadh, KSA.

245.9: Adult intestinal transplant program at King Faisal specialist hospital and research center, Riyadh, KSA.