Background: The prevalence of dry eye symptoms is estimated to be between 7% and 34% depending on the studies, the diagnostic tests used, or the populations studied. Eye dryness is caused primarily by an aqueous deficiency, excessive lacrimal film evaporation or a combination of both. Besides age, several individual and environmental causes were reported as risk factors of dry eye symptoms. Purpose: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of dry eye symptoms and to determine the most frequent risk factors among patients of King Abdul-Aziz Specialist Hospital (Taif), Saudi Arabia. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study using a valid questionnaire (ocular surface disease index [OSDI]) was used to assess the symptoms of dry eye among patients at King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital in Taif city from August to September 2017. Statistical data were analyzed using Statistical package for the social sciences version 21.0. Results: Out of 482 patients (mean age = 50.16), 116 patients were normal (0≤ OSDI Score ≤12), 103 patients had mild dry eye (13≤ OSDI Score ≤22), moderate dry eye (23≤ OSDI Score ≤32) was prevalent among 62 patients and 201 patients had severe dry eyes (OSDI Score ≤33). No significant effect of gender (P = 0.71) was observed on symptoms of dry. However, age has significant but weak impact (P = 0.01, r = 0.155). Arthritis (P = 0.021, odds ratio [OR] =1.95%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1, 3.43) and hypercholesterolemia (OR = 2.24, 95% CI: 1.36, 3.69, P = 0.002) were significant factors for dry eye condition. Conclusion: The dry eye symptoms are highly prevalent among patients of King Abdulaziz Hospital. A lot of factors show no significant difference such as smoking and diabetes between groups exposed and not exposed while others such as arthritis and hypercholesterolemia show statistically significant difference. We must make more effort to know what exactly related to dry eye for early intervention and management.