Kind Of Work Research Articles

330.6: Multicenter Study to Determine the Immune Response to the Vaccine Against SARS COV-2, in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Kidney Transplants

Introduction: In Chile, mass vaccination was carried out, prioritizing risk groups for age and comorbidity, applying biannual vaccine boosters. As our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating the humoral and cellular response after the third booster dose in transplantation and dialysis. Materials and Methods: Multicenter, prospective study in 100 adult patients on hemodialysis (HD) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients were evaluated. Blood samples were taken at the first visit (120 days after the second vaccination - BNT162b2 or SinoVac) and at the second visit (30 days after the 3rd vaccination - BNT162b2). ELISA against IgG Spike SARS-CoV-2 was performed to evaluate humoral response in a total of 47 HD and 53 KT patients. To evaluate cellular response, peripheral mononuclear cells from patients were stimulated with SARS-CoV-2 pool peptides, and IFN-g-secreting cells and SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell response was performed using ELISPOT and flow cytometry, respectively. Cellular immune response was performed in 31 HD and 32 KT patients. Positive cellular immune response was defined as more than 20 spots forming counts (SFC)/million cells and/or percentage of IFN-g+ CD4+ or CD8+ T cells. Results: After analysis, only statistically significant differences, were found in mean age (in years) of 68.9 ± 13.5 vs 54 ± 12.7 (p<0.0001); kind of work (face-to-face vs homework) 85.1% vs 64.2% (p = 0.02); and in the Charlson Score 6±2.7 (points) vs 4±2.1 when comparing the HD and the KT patients, respectively. The first and second vaccine, was in HD patients mainly Coronavac (88%), while KT patients received BNT162b2 in 69%. The third vaccination, was in all cases with BNT162b2. At first visit, the seroconversion rate was 74% in HD and 48% in KT patients (p=0.001). In KT patients, a seroconversion of 13.4% was observed with Coronavac vs. 64.7% with BNT162b2 (p=0.001) (Figure 1). Positive cellular immune response was found in 80% of KT vs 65% of HD patients after second dose. A significant higher CD8+-SARS-CoV-2-specific memory T cells were found in KT patients vaccinated with BNT162b2 as compared to Coronavac (Figure 2). At second visit, a seroconversion was observed in 97.4% HD and 94.3% in KT patients. This increase represented a relative increase of 23% (p=0.02) and 46% in transplant patients (p<0.0001). 89% of kidney transplant while 75% of hemodialysis patients had positive cellular immune response after third dose, showing an increase of 6% and 11% (no significant increase). Conclusion: Although the humoral response with two doses of the SARS-Cov2 vaccine was poor in transplant patients, especially in those who received the Coronavac vaccine, 83% of patients had cellular immune response. Better cellular and humoral responses with BNT162b2 vaccine were found. There was a significant increase of humoral immune response with the 3rd dose. Altogether, three doses scheme including BNT162b2 are recommended for kidney transplant and hemodialysis patients Sociedad de Nefrologia de Chile. Sociedad de Trasplante de Chile. Fundación Pro Salud Renal.

Urban Popular Economies

AbstractWhat is a life worth living and how is it concretely actualized by an urban majority making often unanticipated, unformatted uses of the urban to engender livelihoods in a dynamic and open-ended process? This is the key question undertaken in this collectively written piece. This means thinking about work, paid and unpaid, in ways that highlight the everyday practices of urban inhabitants as they put together territories in which to operate, which sustain their imaginations of well-being as part of a process of being with others—in households, neighborhoods, communities, and institutions. What is it that different kinds of workers have in common; what links them; where does the household begin and end; what is the difference between productive and reproductive work?

CAREER GUIDANCE: A KEY TO SUCCESS IN LIFE

Career guidance plays a vital role in helping product markets work and education systems to meet their goals. Because the choice of a career is one of the most crucial decisions one makes in life. It should be taken with discussion of different career experts. A career should be chosen with utmost care, thought, and planning. Individual have different innate capacities and abilities and hence aptitudes for different kind of work. The purpose of Career Guidance is to match the individuals and the occupation optimally for mutual benefits. Recent evidence suggests that social mobility relies on wider acquisition not just of knowledge and skills, but also understanding how to use them. In this context, the mission of Career Guidance is very vast, to become part of lifelong learning. In this paper, we become to know about the needs and importance of Career Guidance and its proper implementation. And we know to improve Career Guidance for making student’s beautiful life as well as for all of us. Career is by choice not by chance. Career Guidance is the guidance given to individuals to help them acquire the knowledge, information, skills and experience necessary to identify career options and narrow them down to make one career decision. This career decision then results in their social, financial and emotional wellbeing throughout. Career Guidance is given on career related problems and education.

A Model for Investigating the Iraqi Politics During the Elections

The Iraqi political arena has witnessed a dramatic change after the year of 2003. It moved from the dominated republican system to a democratic system. This movement in the political system has affected the situation in Iraq in terms of economic, education, industrial, trading, to mention a few. This paper analyses the Iraqi parliament representatives’ affiliations in terms of their coalitions they formed in the elections. Moreover, this study tries enabling us to deeply understand how the Iraqi parliament representatives are connected to each other and the relations among them. It also provides us with information on how different provinces adopted different coalitions regardless their religion and other tendencies. Several political networks were generated and visualized based on the concepts of complex networks. Each network represents a particular political aspect of the current Iraqi parliament. This study also reveals a new trend of forming coalitions in Iraq and the strategy followed by the representatives in attaching to coalitions. Finally, we believe this is the first kind of work that uses this approach of analysis in understanding the trend of Iraqi politicians.

On the Example of a Newly Found Prose Ihtilac-name

Geleceğe dair bilgi almak için çeşitli falcılık metotları kullanmak, insanların yüzlerce yıldır sürdürdükleri bir eylemdir. Falcılığı anlatan metinler Türk edebiyatının ilk yazılı eserlerine kadar uzanır. Geleneğin bir ürünü olan seyirme veya ihtilâc sonucu gelecekten haber bekleme, çıkarımda bulunma olayı bu yönüyle anonim özellik taşırlar. Seğirmelerle ilgili çıkarımlar genelde Cafer-i Sadık, İskender, Danyal gibi isimlerle temellendirilir. Bu yazıda ele alınacak olan yazma da bir tür fal kitabı olan ihtilâc-nâme türündendir. İnsan vücudundaki seğirmelerden yola çıkarak, kişinin geleceğine dair yorumlar yapan bu tür eserler, müstakil bir kitap halinde ya da bir kitap bölümü olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada incelediğimiz eser, Ankara Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Kütüphanesi Yazma Eserler Kataloğunda 1641 numarada kayıtlı olan mensur olarak kaleme alınmış bir ihtilâc-nâmedir. Bu eser içerdiği 118 uzva ait 129 seğirmeyle orta hacimli sayılabilecek bir ihtilâc-nâme örneğidir. Bu makalede eserin, Latin harfli metni ortaya konmaya çalışılacak ve yakın zamanda yapılmış bazı çalışmalarla içerik olarak karşılaştırılacaktır. Bunun yanında metinde dikkati çeken dil ve imla özelliklerine de değinilecektir. Makalenin sonuna da eserin yazma nüshası eklenecektir.

Design and Development of Pull Type Battery Operated Multi-crop Planter for Woman Farmers in Tribal Region of Gujarat

In tribal region of Gujarat women are the integral part of the farming system. They transform mostly all kinds of work. Manual seed sowing consumes much energy as well as time. For maintaining uniformity in planting seed to seed distance should be accurate. Most existing manual seed sowing devices don’t have this facility. To provide a better option, a multi-crop planter was developed with electric metering at College of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, Godhra for woman farmer in tribal region of Gujarat. Multi-crop planter consists of main frame, handle, furrow opener, seed tube, marker, metering mechanism, DC battery (12V), DC motor, DC speed regulator, switch and DC charger. The payback period of developed machine was found as 53.42 hours on hour basis and 6 ha on hectare basis. The benefit cost ratio of the developed multi-crop planter was found as 14.97 over a period of 10 years of the life of the multi-crop planter.

Does geodiversity correlate with land use/land cover diversity? A case study of Birbhum district, West Bengal, India

The spatial knowledge of the relationships between geodiversity and land use/land cover diversity may become crucial to forming modern land use policies and consequently, it may also become fruitful in regional development. But, there is no work in the literature that emphasises the relationships between geodiversity and land use/land cover diversity, especially in a country like India which has a large variety of abiotic elements and also has a large variety of land use/land cover patterns in its territory and hence, has tremendous scope for such kind of work. Therefore, in the present work to partially fill the research gap, an attempt has been made to explore the relationships between geodiversity and land use/land cover diversity of the Birbhum district, India following the principles of richness index. The spatial correlations between geodiversity and land use/land cover diversity have been examined statistically by applying both correlation and regression analyses. The result shows a linear positive correlation between geodiversity and land use/land cover diversity of the concerned district that implies the fact that the areas of high geodiversity are also associated with the areas of high land use/land cover diversity and vice versa.

BENJAMIN SACHS INTERVIEWED BY MARTHA MINOW

BENJAMIN SACHS INTERVIEWED BY MARTHA MINOW

No Guidebook or Map: the Social-Symbolic Work of Expertise in Action in Post-Blast Beirut

Following the August 2020 blast in Beirut, a national grassroots initiative, Khaddit Beirut, came together. KB’s efforts range from co-creating “community-led, evidence-based, and locally-driven” schools and community healthcare centers and rebuilding small and mediate enterprises damaged by the blast, to creating new models for civic activism and engagement and framing and enacting “expertise in action” as a process. All of which had to be done in situated ways commensurate with the constraints imposed by local history and the needs created by the shared experience of catastrophe. Building on Lawrence and Phillips (2019), we explore which forms of social-symbolic work (SSW) the KB undertook, and combined, as it built an ecosystem of cooperation, civic engagement, and organizational and institutional innovation in a geographically and historically bounded context characterized by endemic toxic institutional conditions, political corruption, societal division, and catastrophic economic collapse. We find that amidst crisis, SSW unfolds in each of three main domains, self, organization, and institutional work, but the capacity to perform one kind of work may be contingent on the ongoing engagement in another kind of work. Organization work enabled the self work of claiming expertise and working through trauma, which in turn enabled the organization work of putting that expertise in action. Without both, the institutional work social change appears out of the question. We make contributions regarding SSW, participatory action research, and the use of feminist geography and epistemology in enhancing organizational perspectives on the situatedness of SSW.

Niewidzialni pracownicy, czyli kto stoi za sztuczną inteligencją

Invisible workers—who is behind the artificial intelligence? The article is dedicated to microworkers—highly precarious, often “invisible”workers whose labour is pivotal for the development of artificial intelligence (AI). It examines how crowdwork platforms such as Amazon Mechanical Turk, Appen and Clickworker organise the work of globally dispersed workers annotating data. It argues that, more often than not, this kind of work is performed in a highly structured, yet intransparent way, and is subject to substantial algorithmic control. This gives rise to the question of the employment classification of formally independent microworkers. The paper discusses this issue in light of the proposed Directive on the improved working conditions of platform workers.

GAMBARAN PENGETAHUAN DAN TINGKAT KEMANDIRIAN PENGAWAS MINUM OBAT (PMO) DALAM PERAWATAN PASIEN TUBERKULOSIS (TB) DI PUSKESMAS NUSA INDAH KOTA BENGKULU

Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Drug taking supervisor (PMO) is a person or family in charge of direct supervision of pulmonary TB patients when taking medication every day based on short-term medication guidelines. PMO knowledge is a collection of information obtained by a person about TB, such as what TB is, how to treat it and how it is transmitted to prevent TB disease. PMO independence is the ability to decide and take an action independently or without the help of others. The ability in question is the person's effectiveness in doing all kinds of work. The purpose of this study was to describe the knowledge and level of independence of drug-taking supervisors (PMO) in the care of tuberculosis (TB) patients. This type of research uses quantitative descriptive analysis, the sample technique used is total sampling, with 23 respondents as research respondents. The results showed good knowledge as much as 95.65%, sufficient knowledge as much as 4.35% and the level of independence of the respondents obtained independent results as much as 86.96%, and those who were not independent as much as 13.04%. The conclusion in this study is that the knowledge and level of independence of PMO is very influential for the care of TB patients at home, because of their duties and roles in carrying out care. The importance of knowledge and the level of independence for the role of PMO can increase the cure rate of TB patients and reduce the mortality rate caused by TB disease

A Case Study on Customer Satisfaction at Fitness Centers, Jabalpur

The word ‘customer satisfaction’ is not just a factor that shows the satisfaction on the part of a service receiver but also it is a factor that plays a vital role in success of a service provider who can survive for a long term in today’s competitive era if he/she considers this factor. In order to convert a particular product or service into a brand with a goodwill it is a must to keep in mind the customer satisfaction. In the given research a case study has been done on satisfaction of individuals from marble fitness club in comparison with some other gyms in Jabalpur. In the provided paper two factors are taken into consideration which are customer loyality (regularity) and satisfaction derived from regularity as it is very much important to be regular if we want the real benefit from workout done in gym. The required topic has been taken as in today’s era technology advancement has been done to such an extent that physical efforts are reduced to do any kind of work because of which people are not conscious about their health as they can do almost every work from their home itself and the new generation is becoming more lethargic . In the world of busy schedule almost every work which can be done through physical efforts is done through various means like travelling through transports in place of cycle or on foot, attending coaching classes online at home etc. It is also seen that the diet of new generation is also not a balanced one . The intake of calories is more as compared to the physical exercises done to burn that. Joining fitness centres not only improves your health but it also build self confidence as a well toned personality has another level of effectiveness and you will stand out of crowd. It is found that a very small percentage of people are conscious about their health who do workout in gyms and it is seen that only 60% of the people who take membership in fitness centres are loyal by being regular and from the percentage of people who are loyal 30% are taking a good diet which is must for developing muscles otherwise without diet we can suffer from various bone injuries by lifting heavy weight. The research will enable readers to know the importance of loyalty towards gyms along with a proper diet if we want results in form of satisfaction.

Novel Sensations: Modernist Fiction and the Problem of Qualia by Jon Day

Reviewed by: Novel Sensations: Modernist Fiction and the Problem of Qualia by Jon Day Josh Powell Novel Sensations: Modernist Fiction and the Problem of Qualia. By Jon Day. (Edinburgh Critical Studies in Modernist Culture) Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. 2020. ix+197 pp. £75. ISBN 978–1–4744–5839–9. In 2013, taking a break from my Masters dissertation on sensory modernism, I proof-read another student's philosophy dissertation on the problems posed to physicalist views of the world by 'qualia' (individual instances of subjective conscious experience). In 2021, I married the author of that qualia dissertation and it is pleasing to review a work which weds (sorry) the topic of my dissertation with hers. Noting that 'as a philosophical entity the quale is broadly contemporaneous with the artefacts of high modernism' (p. 5), Jon Day's study does striking historicist work in reading philosophical discussions of qualia in relation to the literary movement most known for foregrounding individual instances of conscious experience. It is surprising that this kind of work has not been done before. I am certainly surprised, and a little disappointed, that it did not occur to me back in 2013. The problem to which Day's title refers is not the one that qualia potentially pose to physicalism. Instead, while trying to evade philosophical disputes about the existence of qualia, Day is primarily concerned with the problem that the notion of the quale poses to modernist fiction and its study. In particular, Day stresses the degree to which the discourse around qualia problematizes the 'cognitive realist' understanding of modernism—the understanding that, through literary innovation, modernist writers were able to describe 'not just the functions of consciousness but also its phenomenological properties' (p. 12). The crux here is that qualia, as conceptualized in philosophy, cannot be captured in language, whether [End Page 493] that language is scientific, mathematical, or literary. Thus, as Day memorably puts it: 'if qualia do exist, then Flaubert's "mouldy colour of a wood-louse's existence" simply cannot be conveyed within language, however refined or experimental or accomplished that language may be' (p. 6). Perhaps, then, defenders of cognitive realism would want to deny qualia. This creates its own problems: by denying qualia one risks 'denying some of the very properties of consciousness that the novel, as a form, has often been celebrated for accommodating' (p. 6). To accept qualia, then, is to accept that literary writing cannot capture the phenomenological properties of consciousness; to deny qualia is to bring into question the existence of the very thing that modernist writing is supposed to be singularly deft at getting across: individual instances of conscious experience. In advancing his thesis, Day offers a range of incisive readings of prominent modernist writers. The standout chapter is undoubtedly the one on Joyce (Chapter 3). From this, Ulysses emerges not as an attempt to portray 'what it is like to be another mind', but a 'radical interrogation' of cognitive realist thought (p. 76). Elsewhere the chapter on Wyndham Lewis (Chapter 6) does excellent work in detailing Lewis's concern with a qualia-denying, behaviourist view of human subjectivity. Not everything works. There is something of a double introduction, which means the book is slow to get to its primary literary texts. Chapter 4, which covers 'Neuromodernism and the Explanatory Gap', contains a lot of historical detail that probably would have been better put into notes. Chapter 5, frustratingly for this Beckettian reader, takes a long time to get to its titular author, and suffers from lack of engagement with recent work on Beckett and perceptual experience by writers such as Steven Connor, Laura Salisbury, and Ulrika Maude. These, though, are minor points. The study should ultimately prove a fascinating read for anyone interested in finding new ways of thinking about literary modernism's engagement with the senses. Josh Powell Cardiff University Copyright © 2022 Modern Humanities Research Association

Kırsal Yaşamda Ücretsiz Çocuk Emeğinin Kullanımı

Bu çalışma, Van’ın kırsal alanında çocuk emeğinin hangi şekillerde kullanıldığını ortaya koymak amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Araştırmanın temel iddiası, her türden çalışmanın çocuklar için zararlı bir süreç olduğudur. Çocuk emeğine ilişkin birçok araştırma yapılmasına karşın ev içinde yaygın bir şekilde kullanılan ücretsiz çocuk emeği ile ilgili çalışmaların, literatürde büyük bir eksikliği vardır. Bu açıdan Van ili üzerinden ücretsiz çocuk emeğinin bir tablosunu çıkarmak amaçlanmıştır. Kırsal alanda ev içinde çalışan çocuklarla 741 anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler; “sosyo-demografik ve ekonomik özellikler”, “çalışma koşulları ve riskler”, “okul deneyimleri ve gelecek beklentileri” şeklinde ana başlıklar altında analiz edilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda görülmüştür ki; kırsal alanda ev içi işlerde yoğun olarak çalışan çocuklar için çalışma alanı ve şartları olumsuz etkiler barındırmaktadır. Çocukların, fiziksel ve psikolojik olarak kendilerini zorlayan işlerde çalışmaları, hem okul hem de gelecek beklentilerini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Kırsal alanda çalışan çocukların ailelerinin çoğu, düşük gelire sahip ve eğitim düzeyleri düşük ailelerdir. Ailelerin sosyal ve ekonomik düzeylerinin düşük olması, çocukların çalış(tırıl)masında son derece önemli bir etkendir.

Usedlost San Juan a její podoba a fungování v 60. až 80. letech 19. století. Příspěvek ke každodennímu životu německých kolonistů na jihu Chile ve druhé polovině 19. století

The study deals with the San Juan farmstead near the town of La Unión in southern Chile. It was owned by R. A. Philippi, who was among the first generation of German colonists to settle in the southern territories of Chile. The management of the farmstead’s affairs was entrusted to custodians, and Julius Böhlendorf, the husband of Philippi’s daughter Ella, held this position from the 1870s. The Böhlendorfs lived on the estate for almost thirty years and managed its everyday operations. This study focuses on the period between the 1860s and the 1880s and the text is based on a thorough study and interpretation of archive records, particularly the diaries and letters of members of the Philippi and Böhlendorf families (stored in the Dirección Museológica de la Universidad Austral de Chile archive in Valdivia). The main aim of the work is to present and give a sense of the functioning of the farmstead and to show its structure and the kinds of work done there.

Breakthrough - Championship Living in a Computer Age The New Work.

I think the new world of work is going to be fantastic. I think it will really be exciting and fun. I think the breakthrough of the microcomputer, the appearance of a new personal technology that empowers us all, is going to create potential and opportunities for new kinds of work, for new ways of doing business that are going to be transforming in character.

Efektivitas Penggunaan Media Bahan Sisa Kantong Plastik dalam Mengembangkan Kreativitas Anak Usia Dini di Taman Kanak-Kanak Pembina 01 Linggo Sari Baganti

This problem is motivated by the use of learning media in developing children's creativity is not appropriate so that learning is less interesting and boring for children in TK Pembina 01 Linggo Sari Baganti. The purpose of this study was developed to determine the development of children's creativity through the media of plastic bag waste material in TK Pembina 01 Linggo Sari Baganti. This plastic bag waste material media produces various kinds of works that are adjusted by the theme in the kindergarten. The type of research used is quantitative with experimental methods in the form of quasi-experimental (quasi-experimental). The population of this research is TK Pembina 01 Linggo Sari Baganti, with the sampling technique that is purposive sampling, namely group B1 for the experimental class and group B2 for the control class, each with 10 children. The data collection technique uses a statement sheet, then the data is processed by a test (t-test). Based on data analysis, the experimental group average was 35.1 and the control group was 32.4. In the hypothesis test, it is known that the value of Sig. (2-tailed) is 0.033 &lt; 0.05, this means that the hypothesis Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. So it can be concluded that Plastic Bag Remaining Material Media is Effective in developing children's creativity in TK 01 Linggo Sari Baganti TK for the academic year 2021/2022

Dhandha, Accumulation and the Making of Valuable Livelihoods in Contemporary Mumbai 1

In this paper, our main objective is to pay attention to social and material accumulations in a form of self-employed work practised by non-elites in the Indian city of Mumbai, which they call dhandha. Using ethnographic examples of two working-class, urban dhandhas—taxi-driving and vending—we suggest that thinking with the concept of dhandha and other conceptions of value and relationality that people associate with this kind of work helps us rethink and open up more abstract and universal conceptualisations of accumulation. We examine not just how much accumulation occurs but also who the various actors are in making accumulation possible; what gets accumulated and how; and why even burdensome accumulations are considered valuable and are intentionally pursued and embraced. As ethnographers who conducted our work in several of Mumbai’s many languages, we pay attention to the specific words and concepts used by our interlocutors to describe their work and their economic relations and argue that dhandha in Mumbai is not just work, it is also a way of making valuable lives and navigating the world.

Maintaining a Freelance Career: How Journalists Generate and Evaluate Freelance Work

ABSTRACT This article examines how journalists generate and evaluate their freelance work to maintain their careers. Based on interviews with 52 Swedish freelancers, it illustrates how they respond to precarious working conditions. By drawing on literature dealing with freelance careers, the study shows how journalists navigate the market in their pursuit of jobs that make their work worthwhile. By means of networking, bundling jobs, blurring boundaries between writing and editing, and being jacks of all trades, they can partially influence which kinds of jobs they are offered, and what kind of work they want to pursue in the future. However, most of these practices function as career maintenance, directing focus and effort at avoiding downward career movement rather than achieving upward mobility. The study thus illustrates the difficulties of achieving career progression as a freelance journalist. The article ends with a discussion concerning the possibilities of journalists organizing to improve their working conditions when freelancing.

In The Vortex of Institutional Lives

In The Vortex of Institutional Lives