Kind Of Movement Research Articles

Spatial trajectories of coffee harvesting in large-scale plantations: Ecological and management drivers and implications

CONTEXTCoffee is produced under different management systems and scales of production categorized as Syndromes of Production. The “Capitalist Syndrome” is characterized by large-scale and high-density planting farms that may promote the development of plant pathogens like coffee leaf rust (CLR). Harvesting dynamics are also affected by the syndrome of production and generate spatial trajectories that could contribute to the dispersal of pathogens across and within plantations. However, these spatial trajectories have not yet been described, nor their relationship with the syndrome of production, and even less its potential ecological implications for pathogen dispersal. OBJECTIVEDescribe and analyze the daily spatial movement of coffee harvesters in two large-scale capitalist plantations, an organic and a conventional plantation, and systematize the drivers that might explain the differences in the spatial trajectories. METHODSUsing State-Space Models, we recorded and analyzed the spatial movements of harvesters. We then constructed a driver tree for harvest dynamics, which incorporated qualitative variables related to the environment, coffee biology, and management aspects reported by the harvesters or in previous studies. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONSThe model differentiated two kinds of movements: 1) when trees have berries, harvesters remain in the coffee rows or areas nearby (Collect state; 94–98 % of the steps); 2) when not, harvesters make longer steps within the harvesting location or move to another area (Search state; 2–6 % of the steps). In the organic plantation, the Search state had a longer-tailed step-length distribution than in the conventional plantation, resulting in a significantly larger visited area per worker (p < 0.05). This might be directly related to the lower interplant ripening percentage or smaller harvesting locations (“pantes”) per number of harvesters. The number of harvested trees might be affected by the fruit load or the coffee variety, among others. Harvesting movements that explore a larger area, either by visiting more plants or by changing locations on the same day, could create more foci of CLR infection across the plantation. SIGNIFICANCEThese results constitute an initial analysis of harvesting trajectories and highlight practices that can reduce the potential impact of human dispersal of pathogens, like shorter harvesting trajectories by working fewer hours a day or avoiding harvesting at the end of the maturation season when few trees have berries and harvesters have to travel medium to long distances. This calls for organic coffee management that could prevent diseases and guarantee just and safe conditions for workers.

Cognitive effect of product-based animation on interface aesthetics of web-based stores

The increasing internet penetration and the convergence of the online population with the world population highlight the significance of user experience and marketing strategies in the digital landscape. Businesses aim to enhance their online marketing activities, while users seek ease of use, entertainment, and satisfaction from websites. In this context, web animation has emerged as a critical tool for capturing the attention of online consumers. Web animation, defined as “any kind of movement on websites,” has gained prominence due to improved internet speeds and software tools. However, its precise implications for consumer attitudes remain unclear.This paper delves into the impact of product-based web animation on consumer perceptions, specifically aesthetics, entertainment, satisfaction, loyalty, and ease of use. The research investigates whether product-specific animations can mitigate the potential negative effects of web animations and enhance their attraction to online users.The study draws on various hypotheses and employs statistical analyses to explore the influence of product-based animations compared to static websites. It finds that product-based animated websites have a more positive impact on consumer perceptions of entertainment, satisfaction, loyalty, and ease of use, while the effect on aesthetics is not statistically significant.These findings provide valuable insights for web designers and digital marketers, emphasizing the potential of product-based animations to improve user satisfaction and loyalty in e-commerce settings. The study also highlights the need for further research to explore the impact of animation on purchase intentions, consider mobile interfaces, and analyze animation effects across different user profiles and geographic regions, offering promising avenues for future investigations in this evolving field.

Dynamic and static nasolabial muscle anatomy of unilateral cleft lip adult patients based on magnetic resonance imaging data.

This study aims to obtain a three-dimensional reconstruction model based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of patients with different degrees of unilateral cleft lip and analyze the anatomy and changes in multiple groups of nasolabial muscles under dynamic and static conditions. One normal person and four adult patients with unilateral cleft lip were included, and MRI was performed under static (upper and lower lips closed naturally) and dynamic (pout and grin) conditions. 3D Slicer software was used to reconstruct the model and draw the anatomic morphology of nasolabial muscles. The distance between the junction (where the muscle merges into the orbicularis oris) of the levator muscle, zygomaticminor muscle, and zygomatic major muscle to the median sagittal plane, the starting point to the junction point, the dynamic and static junction points, and the angle between the connection of dynamic and static junctions and the horizontal plane were measured under three kinds of movements, and the ratio was calculated. In all patients, under dynamic and static conditions, the distance from the muscle junction to the median sagittal plane, their ratios of the cleft side to the non-cleft side were all greater than 1. While the ratio of the distance from the starting point of the muscle to the junction point is less than 1. At static conditions, the two ratios of the same muscle increased gradiently with the severity of the cleft, and the ratio of the zygomatic minor muscle was prominent in the same patient. The ratio of the cleft side to the non-cleft side was greater than 1, and the value for comparison was the angle of the line from the static to the dynamic junction and the horizontal plane. The symmetry of the insertion site of the orbicularis oris and the linear distance of both sides of the muscle are related to muscle and cleft types. The angle of muscle contraction on the cleft side is greater than that on the non-cleft side.

How to use one surface electromyography sensor to recognize six hand movements for a mechanical hand in real time: a method based on Morse code.

Surface electromyography (sEMG) signal is a kind of physiological signal reflecting muscle activity and muscle force. At present, the existing methods of recognizing human motion intention need more than two sensors to recognize more than two kinds of movements, the sensor pasting positions are special, and the hardware conditions for execution are high. In this work, a real-time motion intention recognition method based on Morse code is proposed and applied to the mechanical hand. The short-time and long-term muscle contraction signals collected by a single sEMG sensor were extracted and encoded with the Morse code method, and then the developed mapping method from Morse code to six hand movements were used to recognize hand movements. The average recognition accuracy of hand movements was 94.8704 ± 2.3556%, the average adjusting time was 34.89s for all subjects, and the execution time of a single movement was 381ms. The corresponding experiment video can be found in the attachment to show the experiment. The method proposed in this work is a method with one sensor to recognize six movements, low hardware conditions, high recognition accuracy, and insensitive to the difference of sensor pasting position.

Motility of Acinetobacter baumannii: regulatory systems and controlling strategies.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a Gram-negative opportunistic zoonotic pathogenic bacterium that causes nosocomial infections ranging from minor to life-threatening. The clinical importance of this zoonotic pathogen is rapidly increasing due to the development of multiple resistance mechanisms and the synthesis of numerous virulence factors. Although no flagellum-mediated motility exists, it may move through twitching or surface-associated motility. Twitching motility is a coordinated multicellular movement caused by the extension, attachment, and retraction of type IV pili, which are involved in surface adherence and biofilm formation. Surface-associated motility is a kind of movement that does not need appendages and is most likely driven by the release of extra polymeric molecules. This kind of motility is linked to the production of 1,3-diaminopropane, lipooligosaccharide formation, natural competence, and efflux pump proteins. Since A. baumannii's virulence qualities are directly tied to motility, it is possible that its motility may be used as a specialized preventative or therapeutic measure. The current review detailed the signaling mechanism and involvement of various proteins in controlling A. baumannii motility. As a result, we have thoroughly addressed the role of natural and synthetic compounds that impede A. baumannii motility, as well as the underlying action mechanisms. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms behind A. baumannii's motility features will aid in the development of therapeutic drugs to control its infection. KEY POINTS: • Acinetobacter baumannii exhibits multiple resistance mechanisms. • A. baumannii can move owing to twitching and surface-associated motility. • Natural and synthetic compounds can attenuate A. baumannii motility.

MEDIATORS OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL TRANSITIONS IN CINEMA: AN ATTEMPT AT CLASSIFICATION

The cinema of the 21st century has reached such technical heights that it can show any world on the screen, no matter how incredible the chronotope turns out to be. The science fi ction genre, in demand at all times, is now supplemented with elements of mysticism, horror, detective story, drama, etc., and these plots are often built on all kinds of movements with the help of some kind of intermediary. This can be either a special time machine of various confi gurations designed for such movements (a car or other man-made device), or home artifacts and loci, whose transition possibilities are discovered by the characters by chance: a diary, a mirror, a clock, a window, plumbing (“Hot Tub Time Machine”, “The Butterfl y effect”, “Time lapse”, “Window to Paris”, “Save Pushkin”, “Samyy Novyy god!”), etc. The portal can be a natural object (a cave in the TV series “Dark”, a lake in “Black Hunters”), urban: a tunnel, an abandoned room (“Enter Nowhere”) or a completely exotic item that works only individually (“The Jacket”), or there may be familiar locations through which transitions to alternative realities are possible under certain conditions. Sometimes it’s not an object that becomes such a portal, but a person’s state: a dream (“Inception”, “Alibi”, “RRRrrrr!!!”) or death (“Boss Level”, “Russian Doll”, “Before I Fall”, “ARQ” ). In the fi rst case, the character fi nds himself either in a different continuum within the dream, or is transported only in time or only in space, waking up in someone else’s body in the name of good causes - preventing an explosion (“Source Code”), catching a serial killer (“The Dark Side of the Moon” ), etc. In the second case, the plot is usually cyclical, the viewer is waiting for the character to get out of this “Groundhog Day”.

Ordering discontinuous varvec{varphi }-feature agree: verbal -s in North Eastern English

North Eastern English differs from Standard English with respect to agreement: According to the Northern Subject Rule, 3sg agreement marking (verbal -s) occurs on verbs in clauses with non-3sg subjects provided that they are not personal pronouns adjacent to the verb. However, data from the Diachronic Electronic Corpus of Tyneside English shows that verbal -s also does not occur with non-adjacent personal pronouns subjects in contemporary North Eastern English. I argue that verbal -s with non-pronominal non-3sg subjects follows from two conceptual assumptions: firstly, the requirement to order feature-driven elementary operations and secondly, splitting up upvarphi -Agree into two separate operations (i.e., person and number Agree). The difference in agreement between North Eastern English and Standard English stems from the different ordering of features on T. In Standard English, person and number probes are ordered before the structure building feature, which triggers movement. In the North Eastern English order, however, the structure-building feature intervenes between the two probe features. The full DP/pronoun split is explained by different kinds of movement: In the case of a full DP, subject movement to Spec/TP bleeds number agreement and verbal -s emerges, while pronominal subjects remain in the c-command domain of T because they head-move to T.

Relationship Between Passion Pathways and Religious Activism: Why the Threat to Religious Identity Predicts Peaceful Activism or Extremism?

Identities of religious believers can motivate believers’ passions, emotions, and action tendencies. Religious identity-based passion can, therefore, lead people to identify with certain kinds of movements, both peaceful and extremist. Around the globe, identities of religious minorities provide a compelling context for studying peaceful and extremist activism driven by passion. Building on previous literature on social identity theory, passion, and religious identity, it was hypothesized that religious identity predicts passion of both types: Harmonious Passion (HP) and Obsessive Passion (OP). It was proposed that people who were harmoniously passionate about their religious identity would promote peaceful activism whereas people who were obsessively passionate would promote hatred and extremism. A sample of 221 devout Shias (a religious minority) from Pakistan participated in the survey-based experiment of this study (males = 108, females = 113; ages ranging from 19 to 38 years, Mage = 22, SD = 2.13; experimental condition = 111, control condition = 110). The results supported the key hypotheses of the study: identification with a minority (Shia Identity) leads to both Harmonious Passion (HP) and Obsessive Passion (OP); when the Shia Identity was threatened, HP and OP scores were lower. Furthermore, HP predicted peaceful activism whereas, under a threat to identify, OP increased and showed a significantly higher violent stance, predicting religious extremism. These findings support the assumption that HP leads to Peaceful Activism, whereas OP is associated with increased support for Extremism and Hatred. The results of this study replicated existing theoretical and empirical predictions about passion pathways and threats to religious identity. The implications of the findings are discussed in the context of contemporary identity threats and activism strategies among Muslim minorities in Pakistan.

Sensing the Rhythm

Glassblowing is a craft in which both human and material movement are essential. However, what kind of movement is required in glassblowing, and why does that movement happen? This article presents a practice-led case study conducted in a glassblowing studio. During a glassblowing session, clear drinking glass blanks are blown in a wooden turn mould. The process of glassblowing is documented on video and analysed using the visual data. Additionally, diary notes and participant observation are used to understand and contextualise video data more profoundly. The analysis focuses on the movement of the two main actants of the process: the human movement of the glassblower and the non-human movement of the hot glass. Altogether, six categories were identified to represent the human and material activity. This article concludes that the movement under investigation is relational between the glassblower and the hot glass, and it happens as a consequence of the glassblowers’ situated embodied knowledge. Furthermore, we discovered that research in the processes of glassblowing offers a rich ground for practice-led research that adopts relational ontology and sociomateriality as its theoretical perspectives. The purpose of this study is to fortify the craft of glassblowing as a vital practice in the fields of art, design, and craft.

Antimmanent Images: Sarah Maldoror's Sambizanga , Anti-Black Temporal Prohibition, Thinking Deleuze and Afropessimism with Cinema

Abstract: This essay stages a three-way encounter between the 1972 anticolonial film Sambizanga , Gilles Deleuze's philosophy of cinema, and a Fanonian and Afropessimist critique of the human. Directed by the Black Caribbean-French filmmaker Sarah Maldoror (1929–2020), who recently passed away from complications of COVID-19, Sambizanga dramatizes a moment in the Black Angolan revolutionary struggle against Portuguese colonialism. This essay explores how the images of Sambizanga both exemplify key aspects of the modernist time-image, as formulated in Deleuze's two books on cinema (1986, 1989), and simultaneously demonstrate the time-image concept's inadequacy in describing global fundamental aspects of Black film; Sambizanga materializes a problematization of the cinematic image itself, and demands a new kind of movement. This reading of Maldoror's film facilitates an encounter between Deleuze and Afropessimism, pointing toward an antimmanent orientation. By appropriating a Deleuzian approach to cinema—the analysis of images as presentations of movement and time—for Afropessimist ends, the essay extends Frank Wilderson's (2010) critique of progressivist film narrative to indict the most basic material components of cinema. Utilizing Fanon's auto-theorizing on time and space in Black Skin, White Masks (1952/2008) to denaturalize temporal capacity itself and argue for its fundamental anti-Blackness, the essay locates within Sambizanga two related images of Blackness: the image of incoherence and the image of persistence.

Agent-Based and Continuum Models for Spatial Dynamics of Infection by Oncolytic Viruses

The use of oncolytic viruses as cancer treatment has received considerable attention in recent years, however the spatial dynamics of this viral infection is still poorly understood. We present here a stochastic agent-based model describing infected and uninfected cells for solid tumours, which interact with viruses in the absence of an immune response. Two kinds of movement, namely undirected random and pressure-driven movements, are considered: the continuum limit of the models is derived and a systematic comparison between the systems of partial differential equations and the individual-based model, in one and two dimensions, is carried out. In the case of undirected movement, a good agreement between agent-based simulations and the numerical and well-known analytical results for the continuum model is possible. For pressure-driven motion, instead, we observe a wide parameter range in which the infection of the agents remains confined to the center of the tumour, even though the continuum model shows traveling waves of infection; outcomes appear to be more sensitive to stochasticity and uninfected regions appear harder to invade, giving rise to irregular, unpredictable growth patterns. Our results show that the presence of spatial constraints in tumours’ microenvironments limiting free expansion has a very significant impact on virotherapy. Outcomes for these tumours suggest a notable increase in variability. All these aspects can have important effects when designing individually tailored therapies where virotherapy is included.

GuiDance of Butterflies: Practicing Ecosomatics and Dancing Towards More Sensitive Bodily Presence and Planetary Feeling

Abstract This research is a multi-sited embodied autoethnography in which I combine methods of multispecies ethnography with the autoethnographic methodology I applied before. This research has been done with butterflies and it seeks planetary feeling through dance, embodied research and ecosomatics. The data of the research was produced in Mexico in 2019 and in Spain in 2021 and 2022. It includes photography, videos, ethnographic field notes and photopaintings. This article investigates how the contact with butterflies can affected to our bodily presence and qualities of movement and dance. I look these findings in relation to ideas and practices of choreographers such as Deborah Hay and Steve Paxton and I elaborate on ecosomatic approach that resonates well with multispecies ethnography. I analyze, how the touch and the dance with butterflies created something similar Hay calls “cellular level presence” and lightness of being. I write about special quality of butterflies dancing with the wind and my dances with the wind. I suggest that sharing spaces and moving respectfully in relation to other species could be inspiring in finding new kind of movement, embodied consciousness and knowledge. These experiences could have therapeutical and healing meanings. I suggest that ecosomatics and ecologically oriented dance art and research noticing the well-being of other species could be important in searching planetary feeling, feeling more deeply our biodiverse planet while same time also working for our own well-being.

Participation

Aiming at rendering “somewhat irrelevant” the “question of sadism” in the critique of film’s “seductive epistemological promise,” Leo Bersani and Ulysse Dutoit argued for a “participation in the film” that is “at once self-reflexive and self-shattering.” Such participation may bring about the very panhuman condition of “being-togetherness” that Bersani and Dutoit have registered in the ontology of Alain Resnais’s and Terrence Malick’s films. This peculiar “community of all being” is based on a specific (and paradoxical) kind of movement within the spatiality of a remembrance engendered by the inhibition of movement. Certain films thus render possible connection and participation due to the mobility they entail.

Futile Plans:Map, Wandering, and the Study of Religion

Sometimes, plans fail. I had planned to write about how Dionne Brand’s A Map to the Door of No Return: Notes to Belonging spoke to the study of religion in various ways. But after encountering Map’s speaker on the ocean with Yemaya, my plans failed, and opened a different way of thinking about religion and its study. In this regard, this essay speaks to religion not as a category of human experience, but instead as a kind of movement that sets our categories in default. Turning to scholars of religion like Charles Long and Black studies scholars like Sarah Jane Cervenak, I eventually suggest that Map offers us wandering as a method for studying religion; instead of coming with our received categories, I suggest, we must instead adopt wandering as a method; instead of starting with traditions, beliefs, theologies and histories, we should instead insist on life—and allow that insistence to guide our study.

A robust role for motor cortex.

The role of motor cortex in non-primate mammals remains unclear. More than a century of stimulation, anatomical and electrophysiological studies has implicated neural activity in this region with all kinds of movement. However, following the removal of motor cortex, rats retain most of their adaptive behaviors, including previously learned skilled movements. Here we revisit these two conflicting views of motor cortex and present a new behavior assay, challenging animals to respond to unexpected situations while navigating a dynamic obstacle course. Surprisingly, rats with motor cortical lesions show clear impairments facing an unexpected collapse of the obstacles, while showing no impairment with repeated trials in many motor and cognitive metrics of performance. We propose a new role for motor cortex: extending the robustness of sub-cortical movement systems, specifically to unexpected situations demanding rapid motor responses adapted to environmental context. The implications of this idea for current and future research are discussed.

Sensorium Dei

The problem of space in philosophy is as old as the problem of time. It comes down to an alternative: whether the three-dimensional volume of the surrounding space exists by itself, as Newton argued, or is associated with the bodies filling it (Leibniz). In the history of philosophy, the dispute between them is qualified as the opposition of the substantial and relational concepts of time and space. It is rarely mentioned, however, that Newton’s “in itself” meant the divine establish­ment of time and space. Euler got rid of the religious solution to the problem of space, who accepted the material universe as a source of formation of a three-dimensional volume. Thus, in mechanics, which began to be called classical, the Newtonian version was replaced by the relativistic one. This is how everyone interpreted the theory of relativity, including the author himself. But in fact, in its depth, Einstein’s solution returned Newton’s version to science, Henri Bergson convincingly argued, only in place of the Newtonian Creator one should put liv­ing nature as a source of universal time and absolute space. Bergson understood life as a new kind of movement, not reducible to mechanics. Bergson’s theoreti­cal positions have been scientifically proven by Vladimir Vernadsky in the con­cept of the proper state of the space of living matter, as well as by biophysicist Erwin Bauer in the principle of non-equilibrium of living systems. The internal energy of living organisms allows them to do work due to entropy. Newton’s conjecture about the sensorium of God turned out to be fruitful.

“AN ANALYSIS OF VATA DOSHA IN RELATION WITH NEUROTRANSMITTERS.”

The Neurotransmitters are referred as the molecules of the chemical messengers in the body. Their job is to transmit signals from nerve cells to target cells. These target cells may be in muscles, glands, or other nerves. The nervous system controls the body’s organs, psychological and physical functions and play important roles in the system. In Ayurveda the vata dosha the controller of the body and is the causation for all the movements in the body. The dosha classifies in to 5 types are prana vata, udana vata, samana vata, vyana vata, apana vata. All these are helping all kind of movements in combination with other dosha’s and as same as the neurotransmitters.When Neurotransmitter increased level causes that we can consider like excitatory actions of the neurotransmitters. The same effect of the vata vridhi lakshanas we can see in this condition. There will be sudden, high- frequency firing of local neurons in the brain, which can even lead to seizures. The causes of over productions of neurotransmitters are Genetics, environment, chemical and nutritional deficiencies are some factors.Considering both vata dosha and neurotransmitters both can be related each other as they are the main initiator of the body functions. The utsaaha functin of the vata dosha can be consider as neurotransmitters in Ayurveda. Utsaaha meant to all the bodily functions and when vata is the main cause for all the bodily functions

When do democratic transitions reduce or increase child mortality? Exploring the role of non-violent resistance

What explains variation across countries in the effect of democratization on child mortality rates? Democratic transitions, on average, improve health outcomes but there is substantial variation across countries in whether democratization leads to lower-than-expected child mortality post-transition. As yet, there is no convincing quantitative explanation for this variation. In this paper, we argue that whether you have a protest-led or violence-led democratic transition alters the trajectory of child mortality post-transition. Our paper makes two contributions. First, we offer a more detailed account of how the type of resistance movement promoting regime change affects health post-transition. We also draw on novel data to categorise the movements producing democratic transitions as violent or peaceful, moving beyond earlier work which operationalised peaceful democratizations in terms of battle-related deaths. Second, we extend earlier research by examining whether the nature of the democratization movement constitutes a necessary cause of higher or lower-than-expected child mortality following democratization. Across 51 transitions, countries that have a protest-led transition have lower-than-expected child mortality rates after the transition to democracy than countries with other kinds of movements (β = −0.17, p = 0.003). Countries with violence-led transitions, meanwhile, have, on average, higher-than-expected child mortality rates after their transition (β = 0.20, p = 0.001). These associations hold when we adjust for covariates (including all possible combinations of various confounding variables). We also find evidence that protest-led transitions may be a necessary condition for avoiding increased child mortality post-transition. Finally, we conduct a deviant case analysis of transitions that appear to be contrary to our theory, finding that these cases are likely instances of measurement error. Democratization may not always improve health, but such health improvements are more likely when regime change is protest-led. This is because such movements are more likely to build broad coalitions committed to consensual politics post-transition, a critical feature of successful democracies.

Encoding arm and leg movements in the same or opposite direction.

This study examined whether working memory performance for arm and leg movements differed when encoding in the same or opposite direction (relative to the observed direction) and which direction was better for encoding these two kinds of movements. The results showed that encoding direction regulated the comparison between arm and leg movements in working memory performance. In the same-direction encoding condition, arm movements performed better than leg movements, whereas in the opposite-direction encoding condition, arm movements performed worse. In addition, arm movements performed better when they were encoded in the same direction, while encoding leg movements in the same direction did not differ from encoding them in the opposite direction. Therefore, we should move appropriate body parts for the same and opposite learning directions. The same direction is suitable for learning arm movements but not leg movements; the opposite direction is suitable for learning leg movements but not arm movements. We should also consider the appropriate learning direction for arm movements rather than leg movements. Arm movements are encoded more effectively in the same direction than in the opposite direction.

Human Activity Recognition using Machine Learning

Abstract: Nowadays, activity recognition is one of the most popular uses of machine learning algorithms. It's utilized in biomedical engineering, game production, and producing better metrics for sports training, among other things. Data from sensors linked to a person may be used to build supervised machine learning models that predict the activity that the person is doing. We will use data from the UCI Machine Learning Repository in this work. It contains data from the phone's accelerometer, gyroscope, and other sensors, which is used to build supervised prediction models using machine learning techniques like as SVM, Random Forest. This may be used to forecast the person's kind of movement, which is separated into six categories: walking, walking upstairs, walking downstairs, sitting, standing, and lying. We'll use a confusion matrix to compare the accuracy of different models.