Kind Of Growth Research Articles

Relations between People, Relations about Things: Gendered Investment and the Case of the Lake Victoria Fishery, Tanzania

Using the example of one of the African fisheries that has been most significantly transformed from family based to commercialized—that on Lake Victoria in Tanzania—this article considers the social nexus of decision making and focuses on analyzing women’s place. It is true that women have never been more than a minority in fisheries due to traditional inheritance patterns and new market structures, both of which bypass women in questions of ownership and decision making. We look in vain for fishwives, if this means female fish producers acting with a highly visible degree of economic and social autonomy. There is no vernacular term to identify women who work with fish or those rare women who own fishing vessels. And yet the absence of derogatory representation suggests that there have been few attempts to detract from women who are active in the fishery. Should we thus be aiming at more subtlety in our analytical approaches to fishing relations on Lake Victoria? The article unveils the ways in which women’s relations with fishermen are negotiated and how agreements are reached on behalf of their families. It explores for women’s empowerment via the customary social relations and management arrangements that exist in these riparian communities. The lake fishery has a basis for development, but its potential for the kind of growth that will have returns for future generations rests on an appreciation of how fisher-wives conceive of, and respond to, the opportunities, constraints and risks of investing in this fishery.

Climate change, adaptation and economic growth

This paper explores the links between economic growth and the impacts of climate change. Inclusive, pro-poor growth is central to the development of low-income countries. There is also a broad consensus that growth and development are important to reduce vulnerability to climate change. Growth does not automatically reduce vulnerability, only the right kind of growth does. The paper aims to develop a better understanding of what the “right kind of growth” may be. We find that many growth policies, such as investment in skills and access to finance, indeed reduce vulnerability to climate change. However, climate change calls for some adjustments in growth policy. In particular, investment in infrastructure and efforts to stimulate entrepreneurship and competitive markets must take more of a risk management perspective and recognise climate risks.

Land-Development Dynamics by Morphological Areas: A Case Study of Ribadeo, Northwest Spain

The need to understand land-development processes in order to address the problem derived from urban growth led to the implementation of a number of scientific methods aimed at explaining urban-growth patterns. The dynamics that originate these patterns are complex and may vary across space, such that in small areas there may be various processes operating and producing different kinds of growth. Our aim is to use cluster-analysis techniques to identify zones with similar urban-growth patterns in a coastal rural municipality of the northwest of Spain. Then, the processes that originated the different growth patterns identified from the cluster analysis are characterized using logistic regression techniques. The methodology differentiated three clusters (an urban cluster, a rural cluster, and a rural cluster with urban influence) and characterized the underlying dynamics. This proves that the techniques used in this study constitute a straightforward tool to identify and analyze areas with uniform land-development patterns in order to gain deeper knowledge and produce better regulations and zoning for each area.

Custodians of place: governing the growth and development of cities

Preface 1. Introduction: Contingent Trusteeship and the Local Governance of Growth 2. The Context for Local Choices: Growth Pressures, Fiscal Incentives, and the California Setting 3. What Type of City to Be? Evaluating Different Kinds of Growth 4. The Vision Thing: Pursuing a Future Ideal 5. Firm Ground: Competing for Businesses and Jobs 6. Hustle or Balancing Act? Regulating Residential Growth 7. Custodians of Place: Systemic Representation in Local Governance Appendix A: The Consistency of Visions with Other Officials' Views: Comparing Responses across Surveys Appendix B: Detailed Results of Multivariate Analyses Notes Bibliography Index

A case of primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis predominantly involving the cervical spinal cord and mimicking chronic meningitis

Gliomas may rarely arise in the leptomeninges without any evidence of intraaxial involvement. A case of primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis (PDLG) histologically diagnosed as oligoastrocytoma is presented. A 50-year-old woman presented with nausea, vomiting and headache. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of cranium and cervical region revealed dural thickening starting from the craniocervical junction to the level of C4 without any parenchymal lesions. CSF examination showed an increase in protein and decrease in glucose levels. There were neither any kind of atypical cells nor any kind of growth in bacterial cultures. The patient underwent biopsy at the level of C1 for diagnosis. The specimen was diagnosed as primary diffuse leptomeningeal gliomatosis, with phenotypic features of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma.

Intellectual Property Rights, the Industrial Revolution, and the Beginnings of Modern Economic Growth

There is a growing consensus that in all cases of successful and unsuccessful economic growth, institutions mattered (Elhanan Helpman 2008; Daron Acemoglu, Simon Johnson, and James Robinson 2005). Somewhat oddly, little detailed research has been done to date to relate the Industrial Revolution, the taproot of modern economic growth, to its institutional origins (but see Mokyr 2008). The focus of institutional analysis has been either on earlier episodes of mostly Smithian growth, such as the commercial revolutions in medieval Europe (Avner Greif 2005), or on more modern experiences, when good data allowed researchers to have a meaningful debate on how to test hypotheses on the importance of institutions. The main argument made about institutions and the British Industrial Revolution is that political events from the late seventeenth century on created a regime that supported an executive that was sufficiently constrained to create a “rule of law” and respect private property rights, and yet not engage in (or permit others to engage in) unbridled rent-seeking (Douglass North and Barry Weingast 1989; Kenneth Dam 2005). Part of this argument is that in this age intellectual property rights (IPR) began to be increasingly res pected. The reason this argument is central is that, in the end, the Industrial Revolution was a set of tech nological improvements, a few large and dramatic, most mundane and incremental. The kind of insti tutions that incentivize technological progress differ from those that support the growth of markets by pro tecting property rights. It is true that in a wholly lawless society technological progress is unlikely, but all the same the institutions that support the different kinds of growth are not likely to be identical. Indeed, one could argue that to some extent the reverse was needed for Intellectual Property Rights, the Industrial Revolution, and the Beginnings of Modern Economic Growth

Urban Air Pollution – Trend and Forecasting of Major Pollutants by Timeseries Analysis

� Abstract—The Bangalore City is facing the acute problem of pollution in the atmosphere due to the heavy increase in the traffic and developmental activities in recent years. The present study is an attempt in the direction to assess trend of the ambient air quality status of three stations, viz., AMCO Batteries Factory, Mysore Road, GRAPHITE INDIA FACTORY, KHB Industrial Area, Whitefield and Ananda Rao Circle, Gandhinagar with respect to some of the major criteria pollutants such as Total Suspended particular matter (SPM), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and Oxides of sulphur (SO2). The sites are representative of various kinds of growths viz., commercial, residential and industrial, prevailing in Bangalore, which are contributing to air pollution. The concentration of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) at all locations showed a falling trend due to use of refined petrol and diesel in the recent years. The concentration of Oxides of nitrogen (NOx) showed an increasing trend but was within the permissible limits. The concentration of the Suspended particular matter (SPM) showed the mixed trend. The correlation between model and observed values is found to vary from 0.4 to 0.7 for SO2, 0.45 to 0.65 for NOx and 0.4 to 0.6 for SPM. About 80% of data is observed to fall within the error band of ±50%. Forecast test for the best fit models showed the same trend as actual values in most of the cases. However, the deviation observed in few cases could be attributed to change in quality of petro products, increase in the volume of traffic, introduction of LPG as fuel in many types of automobiles, poor condition of roads, prevailing meteorological conditions, etc.

Supersonic molecular beams deposition of α-quaterthiophene: Enhanced growth control and devices performances

The alpha-quatertiophene is widely considered an interesting material for the realization of organic electronics and opto-electronics. Compared to other oligothiophenes, the performances of transistors based on this compound are limited by its kind of growth on the typical materials used for device realization. Here we show that via seeded supersonic beams we can lead to a nice improvement of both morphological and electrical properties of the film grown, through a better control of the initial state of the precursor in the vapor phase. Using the high kinetic energy achievable in the supersonic beams, we increase the dimensions of the grains and the coalescence of different islands, limiting the grain boundary formation. As consequence, the performance of the realized field effect transistors is enhanced of one order of magnitude.

Social Policies and its Direct Impact on Poverty Reduction

Poverty is one of the major factors that bring obstacles in any kind of growth and development in any part of the world. The problem of poverty is complex in our country so there is a need of appropriate policies that can reduce social inequality and maintain social justice in Nepalese societies. Appropriate social policies can bring positive changes in the life of rural and urban poor. In this light, this article focuses on the role of social policies on poverty reduction and alleviation.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hjsa.v3i0.1495 Himalayan Journal of Sociology and Anthropology Vol.III, Sept. 2008 p.46-53

A new approach to small business training: community based education

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show that most small business owner‐managers are technically competent in their area of business activity however they do not always have equal managerial competence. For example, deficiency in human resource management competence may lead to difficulties in attracting, retaining or leading staff. These factors are critical to businesses that aspire to any kind of growth. Part of the problem relates to a lack of participation by small business owner‐mangers in formal management skills development due to the perceived time and financial costs required. Therefore a new approach to training and learning is needed, one which overcomes the barriers and takes education to the small business community.Design/methodology/approach – A community based education (CBE) approach is examined to determine whether this design is effective in addressing the reported barriers to training faced by small business owner‐managers.Findings – Evaluation of the CBE approach has shown that...

Economic growth in Poland from 1990 to 2006

Economic transformation in Poland began 18 years ago, so there are a few questions that one should attempt to answer, namely: Has Poland succeeded in maintaining a relatively constant tendency towards changes in main factors characterising economic growth and to what extent? Which kind of growth, extensive or intensive, is found in Poland? To answer these questions, the following issues are going to be presented in the paper: synthetic characteristic of path of economic growth in Poland in the period from 1900 to 2006, and characteristic of chosen factors determining economic growth.

Grain Growth, Microstructure and Property of Ultrafine WC-Co Alloy by Spark Plasma Sintering

In order to control WC grain size and get a microstructure with fine grain size during the sintering process, WC grain growth in WC-Co cemented carbide was investigated. The possible reason on the grain growth was showed which includes the normal grain growth (NGG) and the abnormal grain growth (AGG). We adopted the SPS (spark plasma sintering) to sinter nanometer WC-Co powder, the range of temperature was 1100 -1250 °C, the pressure was 40MPa, and sintering time was 5min. In this paper, we discuss the density, hardness, microstructures and grain sizes of the sintered samples. The results showed that during the process sintering WC-Co powder, there are two kinds of growths. XRD investigation of the WC–Co samples spark plasma sintered to full density revealed that no new phase was created. Through the observed microstructure of the sintered samples, we analyzed the reason of the abnormal grain growth of WC grain. The density and hardness of samples were increased with increasing temperature.

FACTORS OF PROGNOSIS OF THE CANCER OF RECTUM II-III STADIUM AFTER PREOPERATIVE RADIATION THERAPY

We researched factors of prognosis of the cancer of rectum 2-3 stadium after preoperative radiation therapy. Correlative dependencies between apart prognostic rates which characterize complications of the main disease (development of recidives, production of metastasis) were estimated. Prognostic importance in quality of factors, negatively influencing on the prognosis of the disease was revealed. Tumor size, kind of growth and invasive growth into intestinal wall, quantity of lymphatic nodes with metastasis, high level of Ki-67, p53 expression, stage of malignancy, conditions of tumor edge and intravascular invasion occurred to be the most important. The results, we got, can be used in evaluation of the stage of risk of postoperative complications development after carried preoperative radiation therapy.

Cumulative culture and explosive demographic transitions

A demographic transition is a change in the pattern of growth of a population. Human history records several kinds of such transitions, e.g., from stability to growth or between different kinds of growth. Culture is often implied as the main fuel of demographic transitions, but theorizing is so far limited to verbal arguments. Here we study two simple formal models in which population size and the amount of culture in a population influence each other’s dynamics. The first model has two regimes: an equilibrium regime in which both population size and amount of culture reach stable values, and an explosive regime in which both variables increase exponentially without bound. A transition between these regimes is caused by changes in parameters that describe the accuracy of cultural transmission and the interaction between demography and culture. The second model suggests that a transition from extensive to intensive accumulation of culture may derive from a qualitative change in how individuals cooperate to create culture.

GROWTH OF SUBALGEBRAS FOR RESTRICTED LIE ALGEBRAS AND TRANSITIVE ACTIONS

We study a growth of subalgebras for restricted Lie algebras over a finite field 𝔽q. This kind of growth is an analog of the subgroup growth in the group theory. Let L be a finitely generated restricted Lie algebra. Then an(L) is the number of restricted subalgebras H ⊂ L such that dim 𝔽q L/H = n, n ≥ 0. We compute the numbers an(Fd) explicitly and find asymptotics, where Fd is the free restricted Lie algebra of rank d, d ≥ 1. As an important instrument, we use the notion of transitive L-action on coalgebras and algebras.

Subharmonic functions with a Bloch type growth

For subharmonic functions u in the unit ball B N of ℝ N , this article compares various kinds of growth: Bloch type conditions like or and integral conditions like involving some function ω and Möbius transformation ϕ a .

AUTHORS' RESPONSE: "The Foundations of Posttraumatic Growth: New Considerations"

In response to comments on our model of posttraumatic growth, we consider the validity of reports of posttraumatic growth, appropriate methodology to use to assess posttraumatic growth, and its relation with other variables that appear to bear a resemblance to posttraumatic growth (e.g., well-being and psychological adjustment). The potentially important role of proximate and distal cultural factors is also addressed. Clinicians are encouraged to use interventions that facilitate posttraumatic growth with care, so as not to create expectations for posttraumatic growth in all trauma survivors, and to instead promote a respect for the difficulty of trauma recovery while allowing for the exploration of possibilities for various kinds of growth even in those who have suffered greatly.

Justification, Disagreement and the Liberal State

Justification, Disagreement and the Liberal State

Uniform continuity and growth of real continuous functions

The purpose of this paper is to understand whether there exists any link between the uniform continuity of a real function defined on an unbounded interval and its growth at infinity. The primary objective is to present some results from teaching experience which help in the comprehension of this notion and yield some classroom techniques. It is well known that a uniformly continuous function has a monomial growth; it will be proved that there does not exist another growth of positive order. After introducing three kinds of growth, some results are recalled in connection with the behaviour near infinity of a uniformly continuous function. Using a series of counterexamples, it is shown that the uniform continuity of a function cannot be described by its asymptotic behaviour near infinity. Finally, some useful properties of the averaging convergence are reviewed, and how this is related to uniform continuity is investigated.

A Study of Post-Suburbs

This paper proposes to discuss some aspects of what we can call 'post-suburbs', which refer to a new suburban growth in the fertile soil of post-World War II suburban boom. In various industrially developed countries, suburbanization has been so extensive that the 'suburb' has become a 20th century urban myth. The 'suburb' has been recognized as the prototype for contemporary living in the United States of America and Australia. Urban policies that enhanced this rapid suburbanization supported the improvement of physical milieu with the resultant evolution of infrastructural supports, including systematic housing construction. After the war, middle-class status exponentially grew, whose value-systems were, likewise related to the establishment of their own home according to the idealistic suburban mythology.In some metropolises, noticeable sub-centers have emerged on the urban fringes. In the greater Melbourne region, especially, as a result of the growth at the fringes of the 'urban sprawl', in the 1990s, governments at all levels have adopted policies that center upon the 'compact city'. Such a development in the kind of growth in the suburbanization process of the urban sprawl has changed the urban structure due to the emergence of such sub-centers in the metropolitan peripheries. Is it the dawn of the suburban century, or is a just that the suburban era has come to an end? To adequately confront these 'post-suburban' developments, the former view identifies fringe dwellers as a kind of suburbanites because they appear in the extension of suburbanization. The latter focuses upon the new urban form as having come about due to a structural change in the greater metropolitan configuration itself.