Kinds Of Enterprises Research Articles

Simple Analysis of the Financial Problems Faced by College Students and Solutions

It can be said that the start of the successful start up business road is usually not after graduation. To obtain the successful start up business, the most important is to have the very rich social practical experience and the solid and stable professional knowledge. At the initial stage of college students’ entrepreneurship, financial management always throughout the enterprise production management and entrepreneurship in many aspects. Individual proprietorship enterprises, partnership enterprises and limited liability companies belong to the most common three kinds of enterprises. These three kinds of enterprises all need in accordance with the relevant provisions of the financial management of the Chinese enterprises, establishing the effective accounting books, to carry out the financial accounting work. Study on the existed problems of the financial management in the initial stage of starting up business by the college students, mainly is want to make the financing and financial management of the college students’ pioneering enterprises more smoothly carry on, reasonably control the risks may appear, fully play the essential benefits of venture capital, in the aspects of policy and theory, bring the effective basis for constructing the perfect financial management model of the enterprises in the initial stage of start up business by the college students.

Customer Segmentation and Optimal Insurance Compensation Ratio: Decision-making Analysis in Financial Institutions

Wit the rapidly development of internet and electronic commerce, all kinds of enterprises are experiencing profound changes. In this paper, we make empirical analysis about insurance decision-making in financial institutions, and analyze influential factors based on customer experience .The result shows that speed and quality is the most important factor that will affect consumption decision-making, the coefficient is 0.152 and 0.144; at the same time, consultation and complaint handling speed is also the significant variable, the coefficient is 0.156 and 0.197, however, these factors are often been ignored. So that, the insurance company should enhance customer service consciousness, optimize customer claims experience and provide convenient, fast claims service.

Using Bayesian Statistics in Enterprise Demography

Knowledge of the number of different kinds of enterprises that will be created in a coming year is essential information. It can be used in macroeconomic analyses and as a constituent of the background for economic policy.From a demographics point of view, we consider the creation (birth) of some enterprise as a basic indicator. It can also be approached from the point of view of inference, as the creation of enterprise is influenced by a wide variety of inputs. Enterprise creation may therefore be thought of as a random process.The analytic tools Bayesian statistics provide make it possible involve more kinds of information into statistical analysis and gradually update the parameter estimations. We used the conjugate family Poisson / gamma to estimate the number of enterprises to be created in a coming year. The considerations were concerned with the mean square error, which was used as the main criterion of the point estimation quality. We solved two kinds of problems: to find a Bayesian point estimation that has a smaller mean square error than the classical one in a predetermined interval, and, along with it, to model prior information in a very simple way.In finding some connection among the variables contained in the conjugate family Poisson / gamma, we solved both presented problems and also developed a simple algorithm for optimal point estimation of the Poisson distribution parameter. This algorithm was used to estimate the number of enterprises created.

Cloudy-Based Optimization of the Human Resource Management System

With the development of cloud-based data centers, cloud-based system has been widely used in many kinds of enterprises. Human resource management is an important issue in enterprise management. In this paper, we proposed a cloud based system for human resource management. Under the help of our design, the performance of the human resource management system can be improved apparently. In order to illustrate its superiority,we use some experiment to evaluate the proposed system. The experimental results indicated that the cloudy-based system would consume less memory and cpu resources while it has faster connection speed.

The Output Competition Game between FDI Port Enterprises and Incumbent Port Enterprises

With the opening to the outside world, port market entry and exit become relatively free in China. In this context, there will be a game of market entry and anti-entry between foreign direct investment (FDI) port enterprises and incumbent ones. Cournot and Dixit Model were both used to study the output competition game between above two kinds of enterprises. Cournot equilibrium shows that FDI port enterprises' output falls as the its own marginal cost increases but increases as the competitors' marginal cost increases. In Dixit Model, by researching the reaction function based on the production scale, marginal cost and scale cost, the selection conditions of FDI port enterprises' market entry strategy were studied. Results show that enterprises entry strategy selection is relative to the limitation and equilibrium output.

HRM as a high performance work system for university spin-offs

SPIN-UP Entrepreneurship Training and Coaching Programme was specifically design to meet the needs of management teams in University Spin-Offs. The ultimate goal of the SPIN-UP Training and Coaching Program is the development of Key Entrepreneurial Skills (KES) in University Spin-Offs (USO), enabling/leveraging their growth and allowing for the creation of new knowledge based jobs. The term USO here employed refers to entrepreneurial initiatives often resulting from research and development projects (but not exclusively), led by academic entrepreneurs (professors, teachers and students in High Education Institutions,-HEI). USO can, therefore, be categorized as innovative and knowledge based enterprises. Based on research conducted in 4 European countries–Finland,Poland,Portugaland TheNetherlands-that enabled for the identification of key entrepreneurial skills lacking in University Spin-Offs, the SPIN-UP Entrepreneurship Training and Coaching Programme can act directly on one of the main factors hampering the growth of these kinds of enterprises. SPIN-UP Entrepreneurship Training and Coaching Programme proposes a very practical approach to the learning of entrepreneurial skills, where learning by-doing and other ative learning methodologies, learning with peers and methodologies such as coaching, are blended to provide for a very effective learning experience. By the end of training and coaching sessions, trainees should have improved their abilities in a set of management areas that enable them to face and deal more properly with challenges posed in their enterprises. SPIN-UP training in HRM and Leadership aims to develop in trainees a set of key skills that were found to be essential to enable University Spin-Offs growth. The main objetives are to: know the basics about HRM and Leadership (understand the main concepts around High Performance Work Systems–HPWS - as a model for HRM and understand the model of full range leadership); Identifying HRM and Leadership practices for growth; Developing own HPWS and leadership path for growth.

A Realization of Security Model on Unified Database Console

As an extremely important platform of data storage, database management system (DBMS) is widely used in all kinds of enterprises and departments. The availability and security is a critical performance index for database. How to help administrator keep database secure and effective is a key job of database administration. This paper proposes a secure model of database management for administrator and achieved a secure database console to implement this model.

Supply Chain Participant Behavior Research Based on Qualitative Simulation

The change of exterior environment and interaction of participants will influence the behavior of supply chain participants. The behavior of participants will present definite regularity and certainty in holistic level. The behavior rule of supply chain participants was researched by qualitative simulation method. Drawn from Group Dynamics theory in the science of Organizational Behavior, supply chain enterprises were classified into four categories which are core member, normal member, non-normal member and isolated member. The contents of Table 1 show the characteristic variables of various kinds of enterprises and their values. Figure 2 is used to represent the behavior causality among supply chain enterprises. The QSIM arithmetic and causal reasoning was used in qualitative simulation. The expression method of interaction between environment variable & decision variable and participants’ behavior was designed. The qualitative simulation rule and mechanism were given out. The behavior characteristics of different kinds of participants were educed by simulation. The main conclusions are as follows: Supply chain system is a dynamic equilibrium system. The interaction among supply chain enterprises and continuing to open up to the outside world are the main driving forces of supply chain system. For all enterprises, the active participations in supply chain cooperation have more advantages than the passive ones. The system role of supply chain has essential influence on non-normal member and isolated member. Simulation results in application show that the proposed method can be served as a virtual experiment tool for decision making in supply chain management.

The use of LCA studies and LCA outcomes in the decision-making processes of enterprises - discussion and conclusions on the basis of case studies

The paper assesses different ways of utilising life-cycle assessment (LCA) for life-cycle management (LCM) of products. Enterprises face different kinds of barriers for the use of LCA. These are related to communication, the lack of methods and information, or access to tools and information. There are different ways available for LCA data acquisition and the use of LCA results in decision-making. These include comprehensive research projects as well as much easier processes where LCA information is collected in accordance with existing product category rules and with the help of tailored tools. The paper studies, discusses and draws conclusions about the effective use of LCA for LCM in different kinds of enterprises and in different phases of supply chains with the help of case study results and literature. The position and the role in the supply chain and the size of the enterprise significantly affect the type of LCA approach needed.

GMVN oriented S-BOX knowledge expression and reasoning framework

Global Manufacturing Virtual Network (GMVN) is a manufacturing architecture, which integrates all kinds of enterprises and production centers to construct and reconstruct agile supply network, and provides manufacturing services on unpredictable and fragmented market demand. However due to the geographical and cultural differences, and lack of a unified knowledge expressing and intelligent reasoning framework for GMVN, the system elements can not be integrated well. To achieve intelligent integration of the geographically dispersed worldwide manufacturing resource, capacity and service, the intelligent integration framework of Semantic Bill of X (S-BOX) is proposed by combining with the technologies of ontology, Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), Bill of X (BOX). Using this framework, we analyze the characteristics, structure of GMVN system, and construct GMVN oriented S-BOX models which include the ontology structure models and the reasoning rules sets. With the ontology structure models, we can express the elements and the relationships of GMVN. And with the reasoning rules sets, the business characteristics of the GMVN systems will be transformed into the SWRL rules. Therefore, the integrated expression and intelligent reasoning of the manufacturing system elements can be realized in the semantic knowledge layer. Furthermore, an applied case of GMVN project is given to verify the validity of this method.

Research of Following Strategy of Product Design

The article uses research ways of Enterprise localization and enterprise's development course to study the strategy of company's product design and development. It announces at different stages for development, different kinds of enterprises will adopt product design and development policies of different modes. It also announces close causality between development course of company and central technology and product. The result indicated enterprises in leading position in market, technology and brand adopt pioneer strategy type of product research and development. Those enterprises that are relied on the large-scale leading enterprise offering a complete set service adopt the passively duplicating type tactic of product research and development. Some enterprises with part of advantage in technology, market, management or brand adopt following up strategy of product research and development. The enterprises with relative advantage position adopt the strategy of technology taking optimizing services as centre in product research and development in fields of brand culture and market service.

Study on the Software Outsourcing Development of Liaoning Province

Since the 1990s, the increasingly more fierce competitions and the changing-over market demands all over the world have pushed all kinds of enterprises to be faced with great pressures that they are necessary to constantly shorten the time of delivery, reduce all costs, increase the qualities of products and improve the services. For this reason, it is highly difficult for these enterprises to depend on their internal resources to cope with those great pressures, which just converts the service outsourcing into a major engine of the transnational investments. Furthermore, the software outsourcing, as a quite popular service outsourcing model at the international world at the present time, is highly more and more obvious to transfer to China. Under the circumstances, in this paper, the author tries conducting an argumentation analysis on the software outsourcing development of Liaoning province from the aspects of its regional environment, talent environment, industrial environment, and social environment, makes a conclusion on the advantages and disadvantages of the Liaoning province in the software outsourcing, and finally puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.

On Adaptive Extended Compatibility Changing Type of Product Design Strategy

Abstract The article uses research ways of Enterprise localization and enterprise's development course to research strategy of company's product design and development. It announces at different stages for development, different kinds of enterprises will adopt product design and development policies of different modes. It also announces close causality between development course of company and central technology and product. The result indicated enterprises in leading position in market, technology and brand adopt pioneer strategy type of product research and development. These enterprise relying on the large-scale leading enterprise offering a complete set service adopts the passively duplicating type tactic of product research and development. Some enterprise in part of advantage in technology, market, management or brand adopt following up strategy of product research and development. The enterprises with relative advantage position adopt the strategy of technology applied taking optimizing services as centre in product research and development in fields of brand culture and market service.

Aspectos conceptuales y empíricos de la financiación de nuevas empresas en Colombia

Este articulo presenta los resultados de una investigacion empirica sobre la utilizacion de diferentes fuentes de financiacion por parte de empresas nuevas en los primeros anos de vida. El principal soporte conceptual del estudio es el paradigma del ciclo de crecimiento financiero desarrollado por Berger y Udell (1998), el cual explica satisfactoriamente los hallazgos encontrados en el componente empirico del estudio aqui presentado, que se basa en una encuesta realizada a 130 empresarios de la Ciudad de Cali (Colombia). Los entrevistados reportaron de manera mayoritaria el uso de recursos propios y de familiares y amigos y la retencion de utilidades en los primeros anos de vida de una empresa. Le sigue en importancia a estas fuentes, la financiacion provista por establecimientos de credito; llama la atencion la importancia relativa del leasing . Las recomendaciones mas importantes incluyen: fortalecer las fuentes de capital semilla, darle mayor peso en los cursos de finanzas de nivel universitario al estudio de los problemas de las empresas nuevas y MIPYMES, adelantar una reforma financiera que facilite la emision de acciones y mejorar la cantidad y calidad de informacion publica disponible sobre la financiacion de las empresas objeto de este estudio

The status of occupational health of female migrant workers in traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine and bio-pharmaceutical industry in Gansu province

To understand the status of occupational health of female migrant workers in different kinds of pharmaceutical industries in Gansu province and to provide the basis for improving occupational health condition. One thousand eight hundreds and one female workers from 16 enterprises were selected by cluster sampling in Gansu province and investigated by interviewing and questionnaires. There were statistical significances of education level, status of residency registrations, employment relationship and occupational hazards among female workers in three types of enterprises (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The morbidities of skin disease in female workers for three kinds of enterprises were 4.46%, 2.53% and 3.70%, respectively. The morbidities of reproductive system disease in female workers for three kinds of enterprises were 48.57%, 36.70% and 36.11%, respectively. The levels of education and working conditions of female workers in the traditional Chinese medicine, western medicine plants are low. There are more severe occupational hazards in female workers of the traditional Chinese medicine plants.

Think Research" in Everyday Clinical Practice: Fostering Research Culture in Health Care Setting

TThe quest for knowledge has helped mankind evolve over the years, from discovery of fire through Dolly the sheep clone to Chandrayan moon mission, leaving behind a record of discoveries and inventions in science and technology. Each generation can begin the search for knowledge where the last one left off and contribute their share to the benefit of humanity, cutting across culture and boundaries. Rigorous philosophical arguments substantiate that science and medicine are fundamentally different kinds of enterprises. But historians of medicine have demonstrated that in many instances both have progressed hand-in-hand, to produce medical knowledge that meet both the standards of disciplinary science and the immediate needs of medical practice. 2 Medical sciences have made many advances in basic and clinical research that explore health risk factors and the burden of various diseases. Future molecular and genetic research will be instrumental in harnessing diseases in its earliest stage of inception in medicine. 3

Research on Diffusion Behavior of ERP under the Influence of Government

To better apply ERP, it is necessary to understand its developing rules and influencing factors in the diffusion process. Firstly, properties of ERP diffusion are analyzed, and its diffusion mechanism is discussed. Secondly, under some assumptions, a nonlinear differential model is constructed, in which three kinds of enterprises are considered, and government is regarded as an important factor. Thirdly, the model is analyzed, and qualitative results are given. Finally, the application of the diffusion model is exemplified and simulated by Vensim, and the parameter influence is given. This study assists enterprises to analyze trends of ERP and make reasonable decisions, and provides theory basis for government strategies.

Entrepreneurship and bureaucratic control: the case of the Chinese automotive industry

Whether and how will the state treat different kinds of enterprises, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and non-SOEs, in the related industry differently? Does this concern give its industrial policy any special Chinese characteristics? This article looks at a particular aspect of the Chinese automotive industry policy, that is, regulating entries, which poses special problems for the government. It explores why the government still retains this method of control even after it has been shown to be ineffective, and how the government tries to reconcile it with the aim of promoting entrepreneurship. The government finds that it cannot do away with entrepreneurship brought by the unplanned entrants (SOEs or not) to keep the industry competitive. Moreover, with SOEs accounting for the major part of the auto industry, the government has to protect the SOEs and propel them to upgrade at the same time. The government is thus likely to continue regulating entries, while trying to find a balance between the needs of keeping entrepreneurship and managing SOEs.

Machining processes time calculating tool integrated in computer aided process planning (CAPP) for small and medium enterprises (SMEs)

The goal of process planning is to propose route sheets for previously designed parts. Process planning provides detailed information about a sequence of operations and parameters (cutting speed, feed rate, etc.). The objective of this work is to present computer-aided software to calculate cutting time and unproductive time when machine operations are designed and its integration in computer-aided process planning (CAPP). Results obtained from this tool application are compared with those results obtained from CAM software and with real times from the machine operation. The aim of the designed system is to be useful for small and medium enterprises (SME) working on machining processes. These kinds of enterprises cannot acquire and maintain standard CAPP systems, which are usually very expensive and difficult to work on. In order to validate the results several parts will be planned and machined and results are compared in order to adjust the designed tool software.

Recruiting, Selecting and Motivating Human Resources-

This paper’s aim is to analyse practices adapted by different enterprises regarding personnel motivation and human resources approaches to increase their productivity and profitability while examining the methodology of human resources recruitment and selection used by different kinds of enterprises, which cannot exist without human manpower. The objective of this paper is to analyse methods and tools used by several enterprises in motivation and in human resources recruitment and selection. Regarding motivation, the basic aim of the process adapted was to define whether each enterprise was closer to the participating or to directive management model. Especially in the recruiting and selecting process where IT could add important value; especially since adapted IT processes could lead to quicker, more successful transparent results. IT professionals could organise these processes for every enterprise in order to become standard, formulated, and even more accredited procedures which would lead to successful recruiting and selecting results.