Kind Of Use Research Articles

THE CRIMINAL LIABILITY FOR ILLEGAL BANKING ACCESS WHICH HARMS STATE FINANCES

The misuse of developments in information technology has in fact given rise to a new mode of theft crime, namely the development of theft by certain parties who use electronic means. The purpose of this research is to know and analyze the Scope of Cyber Crime by accessing electronic banking systems that harm the Bank's finances, Legal Protection for Banks That Suffer Losses Due to Actors Accessing the Bank's Electronic System, Criminal Liability for Cyber Crime Actors By Accessing Electronic Banking Systems That Harm State Finances. The research method used is library research (library study), in legal research the normative juridical approach method or library law. This crime is often perceived as a crime committed in the cyber area. The mode of operation of this crime continues to develop, along with technological developments. Crimes that arise as a result of the misuse of technological advances are cyber crimes by accessing electronic systems. Cyber Crimeas a crime that uses computer technology as the main component which is very detrimental and disturbing to society is a form of crime found in the mass media, namely all kinds of use of computer networks. Electronic Information and Transactions in the form of cellphones, laptops, internet. Because of this, Cyber Crime is often a reported modes of operation also vary, ranging from fraudulent sales of goods, embezzlement, fraud through stock investment, hijacking customers' ATMs and so on.

Agricultural Land Use Planning on Sustained Basis Using Landform and Land Evaluation Approach with Geospatial Analysis (a case study in East Barito District, Central Kalimantan Province)

Spatial planning for agricultural land use is required since the region with its land resource has an opportunity to be opened and cultivated. On the other side, balanced environment should be maintained in order to achieve sustainability for future use. Land resources information can then be used as basic information and prerequisite for analysis and evaluation in planning process. Because of the lack of data, this study was conducted to generate and provide land resource information. Landform approach using raster surface analysis and slope classification derived from digital elevation model (DEM) was then used to determine agricultural land regions. Procedure of land suitability evaluation in addition to geographic information system (GIS) technology were applied to define specific kind of use for lands. In the case of East Barito as study areas, mainly on the basis of landform analysis, the region can be classified into 6 slope classes i.e. <3%; 3-8%; 9-15%; 16-25%; 26-40%; dan >40%. The result of land suitability evaluation integrated into GIS environment establish that arable lands is still available with total area of 226,211 hectare (59.11%) of total study areas. Furthermore, the region can then be delineated for group of commodities involving food crops, estate crops, and forest as well with each total area 62,291 hectares (17.96%), 183,107 hectares (52.78%) and 101,513 hectares (29.26%), respectively. Several restrictive factors that should be considered include slopping lands and peat depth. Any appropriate and specific programs for agricultural development can then be formulated in land use planning process.

The paradox of tranquility and brutality: Soundtrack dissonance in Squid Game Series

Music has been a fundamental element of the art of film since its earliest examples. The “soundtrack”, as a recorded song or composition used to support film scenes, usually has features that coincide with the theme of the film, the emotion of the scene in which it is used, or the film images. However, sometimes it can be seen that film producers and directors choose music to accompany film scenes that is completely contrary to the dominant emotion in the scene. They use music that has a cheerful character for a drama scene, sad for a happy scene, fun for a horror scene, etc. According to the theorists of different historical periods of film literature, the aim of these choices, which shake the viewers’ expectation of harmony between the scene and music, is to try to offer new and different perspectives to the viewers perception through the paradox of scene atmosphere and music. With this kind of use, considered as soundtrack dissonance in the study, brand new meanings can be produced from the combination of opposing elements that neither the film scene nor the music alone can produce individually. This study aims to analyse the game scenes selected from “Red Light, Green Light”, the first episode of the Squid Game series broadcast on the Netflix digital platform in 2021, as an example of soundtrack dissonance.

Organizational resistance through organizing principles: the case of gender equality in the military

PurposePrevious studies show that the implementation of gender equality encounters resistance in military organizations, but it is often invisible or seen as confined to anonymous structures or troubled individuals. This paper aims to show how the Swedish Armed Forces (SAF) use organizational principles to resist implementing gender equality measures.Design/methodology/approachThe study is a qualitative analysis of discursive strategies in the SAF’s 2013–2018 annual reports to government.FindingsThe organizing principles of instrumentality and distance, while existing in parallel with gender equality efforts, actually pursue logics that prevents the SAF from implementing gender equality. The principle of instrumentality in this context means that gender equality in the SAF is of secondary interest to organizational members. The principle of distancing from the problem includes strategies that alienate female from male officers.Originality/valueThe contribution of this paper is the finding that the use of organizing principles represents conscious organizational resistance to gender equality efforts. This kind of use needs to be revealed and criticized to change military organizations.

THE EFL JORDANIAN UNDERGRADUATES’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS THE USE OF PODCASTS IN TEACHING SPEAKING SKILLS IN JORDAN

Undoubtedly, English plays a vital role in ensuring flawless communication and interaction amongst people. Accordingly, this study aims at measuring the EFL Jordanian undergraduates’ attitude towards the use of podcasts in teaching speaking skills in Jordan. It also aims to identify the role of demographic information (Gender and Academic Year) of EFL Jordanian undergraduate students. In order to achieve such aims, this study adopted a quantitative research design by distributing a questionnaire. Accordingly, 284 questionnaires were analyzed. The findings concluded that students have positive attitude to improve their speaking skill with the help of podcast use. In addition, it is highlighted that this kind of use for podcast can improve vocabulary, pronunciation difficulties, grammar differences, listening difficulties, and other skills. It also found that students are significantly affected by the gender and academic year as the P.value is below 0.05. This study recommends conducting further studies focusing on the causes of speaking difficulties.

Archaeobotanical and Dendrochronological Studies of a Spanish Colonial Settlement in Nahuel Huapi (Patagonia, Eighteenth Century)

ABSTRACT With the aim of providing information based on interethnic relationships in the Patagonian territory after the seventeenth century, we present a study on the archaeological site Cancha de Pelota Llao Llao (Bariloche, Río Negro Province, Argentina), which is associated with the colonial presence in the Nahuel Huapi Lake area. The aim of this work is twofold: to learn about the space and woody resources and to provide new evidence for the chronological determination of the site through a dendrochronological study. The archaeobotanical study of the charcoal fragments and wooden posts provided information on the kind of use made of resources and space. In addition, the attained results allowed for a remarkable chronological determination, adding accurate information to the archaeology of the area. Cross-dating against a regional chronology composed of 550 trees assigns an earlier date (1604–1647) to Post 1, which appears to come from the central (older) part of a tree. In contrast, the date assigned to Post 2 (1733–1792) is consistent with a radial growth pattern common to adult or mature trees. This possibility of determining the precise chronological framework offers a new direction for research that could be very useful in Patagonian historical archaeology.

Research of the efficiency using the model of the spatial hinge in an internal combustion engine

An internal combustion engine is a heat system for many kinds of use in the field of engineering. The difficult economic situation around petroleum products, which is associate with their deficit and modern environmental safety standards require switching to alternative energy sources and looking for ways to modernize internal combustion engines to increase their efficiency. A large number of internal combustion engines belong to the crank group. The analysis of the crank group showed their low technical efficiency. When the piston is in the upper position at the time of ignition of the combustible mixture in the cylinder, the maximum pressure occurs. This leads to maximum driving force with a minimum crank angle. Also increases the friction of the piston on the cylinder wall, the wear of the cylinder wall, additional local heating of the surface of the cylinder and over-load of the crankshaft. Thus, a decrease in the net power resulting from the combustion of fuel in the engine occurs. To increase the efficiency of the crank mechanism, it is propose to apply a new design of the torque transmission mechanism in the engine, which will be built based on a spatial hinge. This paper presents a study of the power and kinematic parameters of the spatial hinge of an internal combustion engine.

Assessing the perception of E-scooters as a practical and equitable first-mile/last-mile solution

E-scooters have disrupted and altered the urban mobility landscape. During their introductory period, they have been commonly touted as part of a larger micromobility solution that erases equity barriers and solves the first-mile/last-mile problem. However, few studies in the nascent e-scooter literature have considered these claims. In this study, we used a d-efficient method to design and administer a stated choice experiment (SCE) to students at Portland State University (PSU) (n = 1,968). In the SCE, students were given a three-mode labelled choice set consisting of three travel modes: car, bike, and e-scooter + MAX light rail. (The e-scooter + MAX light rail choice is multimodal, with the e-scooter acting as the first-mile access mode). We generated attitudinal indices using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) in order to control for mode perception. To demonstrate the relationship of travel time and cost in addition to other covariates on mode choice, we estimated a mixed multinomial logit (MMNL) model. We performed elasticity and sensitivity analyses to uncover factors that encouraged first-mile/last-mile e-scooter usage. We then used the model to generate catchment area maps for multimodal trips in the Portland area. Results indicated that e-scooters were lackluster in bringing racial and gender equity in transportation. Additionally, we found that there was no place in Portland where combining an e-scooter and light rail to travel to PSU was most utilitarian compared to bike or private car. This suggests that e-scooters are not perceived as a preferred solution to the first-mile/last-mile problem. Yet, our findings revealed “dials” that can be tweaked through policy measures in order to promote this kind of use, including parking pricing, travel times, fares, and traveler attitudes towards modes. Overall, our analysis of the implementation of e-scooters suggests that their promise is overstated, at least without substantial policy changes to encourage desired use cases.

Development of a survey instrument to assess individual and organizational use of climate adaptation science

Research that can improve the resilience of social and natural systems to climate change has become more common. Many climate adaptation science organizations and agencies now focus on actionable science, a model that aims to have greater impacts on policy and practice than traditionally produced and distributed science. However, evaluations of research projects are needed to examine and verify the impact of climate science on adaptation and society. Better understanding the types and mechanisms of impact will allow organizations to design, fund, and facilitate more useful climate adaptation science. Many existing actionable science evaluation approaches are qualitative in nature and take considerable time and effort for funders and administrators to implement. Quantitative methods could provide a valuable option for evaluation, specifically for making comparisons across many projects. Thus, we have designed a quantitative survey instrument for measuring the use of climate adaptation science. We designed the survey using best practices and iterative input from social scientists as well as climate adaptation scientists and practitioners. We then distributed the survey to a sample of users of climate adaptation science and analyzed those responses to further refine the survey. Quantitative and qualitative results show that use of climate adaptation science may be described as either individual use or organizational use, which contrasts with popular models of use in existing evaluation literature. The survey is made available for future efforts to evaluate and improve climate adaptation science and to advance efforts to measure different kinds of use.

Legal Incentives and Constraints on Innovation: Keeping the Balance

The COVID-19 pandemic forced civil society and business to face a new reality where much greater reliance needed to be placed on networked devices and internet distributed communications, including the provision of services ranging from medical advice to food, entertainment and even the facility to interact with family. The ability to meet in-person with family, friends, colleagues, business associates or customers was severely restricted leaving internationalisation as a utopian dream as borders were closed, students were denied access to a physical classrooms and businesses had to rapidly “pivot” or fail. These alternatives to real life have seemed less appealing to many, with every aspect of life “going online”, whether virtual lectures, exams, meetings, mediations, court appearances, job interviews, shopping for a piece of cheese or starting a new trade relationship.&#x0D; Much innovation over the last two years has been around deploying online business models. There has also been a wider use of artificial intelligence to support “efficient” operations partly stimulated by the falling staffing levels due to the pandemic directly through sickness or forced isolations, or indirectly by a growing sense of the futility of working for a business, known as the Great Resignation (“Over the 12 months ending in January 2022, hires totalled 76.4 million and separations totalled 70.0 million…” indicating a huge refocusing on jobs in the USA) &#x0D; This paper looks at the challenge for legal systems to pivot around the growing trends in deployments of online innovation. Some businesses are now widely deploying software-based analysis systems, such as Airbnb, which is using them to “verify the identity and trustworthiness of a user of an online system” and flag potential guests who may be problematic. Although Airbnb is a multibillion-dollar business, it is a good example of how through using publicly available data, user supplied information, and smart software (artificial intelligence) a business can make predictions on the behaviour of its potential customers. Other AI resources have been creating new gaming scenarios, reporting on the news, and even creating new artworks and music. These kinds of use of AI in the marketplace have challenged the legal frameworks that support individual privacy and also ideas around human creativity.

The Robust Study of Deep Learning Recursive Neural Network for Predicting of Turbidity of Water

Water treatment is an important process, as it improves water quality and makes it better for any end use, whether it be drinking, industrial use, irrigation, water recreation, or any other kind of use. Turbidity is one of the fundamental measurements of the clarity of water in water treatment. Specifically, this component is an optical feature of the amount of light on scatter particles when light is shined on a water sample. It is crucial in water reservoirs to provide clean water, which is difficult to manage and predict. Hence, this study focuses on the use of robust deep learning models to analyze time-series data in order to predict the water quality of turbidity in a reservoir area. Deep learning models may become an alternative solution in predicting water quality because of their accuracy. This study is divided into two parts: (a) the first part uses the optical bands of blue (B), green (G), red (R), and infrared (IR) to build a regression function to monitor turbidity in water, and (b) the second part uses a hybrid model to analyze time-series turbidity data with the recursive neural network (RNN2) model. The selected models’ accuracies are compared based on the accuracy using the input data, forecasting level, and training time. The analysis shows that these models have their strengths and limitations under different analyzed conditions. Generally, RNN2 shows the performance regarding the root-mean-square error (RMSE) evaluation metric. The most significant finding is that the RNN2 model is suitable for the accurate prediction of water quality. The RMSE is used to facilitate a comparison of the accuracy of the sampling data. In the training model, the training data have an RMSE of 20.89, and the testing data have an RMSE of 30.11. The predicted R-squared values in the RNN2 model are 0.993 (training data) and 0.941 (testing data).

A Multiregional Input–Output Hydro-Economic Modeling Framework: An Application to the Ebro River Basin

Sustainable water management is challenging because of the wide range of agents who need water and the different kinds of use, in a context of limited water availability. The availability of water for use, at a given point in time and space, depends on numerous physical and climatic variables, as well as upstream uses and downstream commitments. Therefore, any analysis of water use and management must inevitably be made in the context of such variability. This paper develops an integrated, multiregional, hydro-economic modeling framework to analyze the spatial and temporal dependencies between economic agents in the different regions and areas of a river basin. We combine hydro-economic modeling (partial economic equilibrium) and a multiregional input–output model (general equilibrium) to take advantage of both methodologies. Spatial variability is considered in the input–output models, but variability in both time and space is also considered by the hydro-economic model. Hydro-economic models are used to quantify direct impacts, but not indirect impacts in some specific sectors of the economy, while the input–output model reveals the relationships between all sectors and regions, and facilitates the assessment of total impacts (direct plus indirect) of a range of scenarios. While the methodology described in this paper is applicable to any river basin, the case study considered is the Ebro River Basin, in Spain. To show the potential of the modeling framework, two scenarios are simulated to assess the impacts on water use, value added, and jobs across scales. The results of these scenarios show that decreases in water availability have negative impacts on socio-economic variables (value added and employment). The trade-off between water availability and socio-economic variables depends on the temporal and spatial variability of the resource, and affects each location in the basin in a different way, demonstrating the importance of the methodology developed.

124 Tiny but useful transportable remote monitoring device during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic

A 45-year-old woman, without cardiovascular risk factors and affected by chronic migraine, presented to the emergency department due to the onset of a typical chest pain. After performing an electrocardiogram she was promptly transported to the Cath lab, with the diagnosis of ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), for urgent coronarography. A spontaneous dissection of the first obtuse marginal branch was detected which was treated with two drug eluting stents implantation. A day after the procedure, during a migraine crisis, at the continuous electrocardiographic monitoring it was registered a brief episode of complete atrioventricular block, which regressed spontaneously after a few minutes. For this reason, she underwent atropine test which resulted negative for AV conductance defects. No more episodes were recorded during the hospital stay, however it was decided to implant a loop recorder (Biotronik BIOMONITOR III) before the discharge. The patient received a remote monitoring device in order to allow a closer follow-up in course of the COVID-19-related lockdown, that caused a relevant reduction in the outpatients’ services. A few months later a sinusal pause of about 9 s was recorded with the emergence of an idioventricular rhythm at 25 b.p.m. When contacted by telephone the patient reported being hospitalized because of pulmonary complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection. She referred of being bedridden, without any cardiac monitor and of being asymptomatic for syncope. Thus, she was transferred to a Cardiology Unit dedicated to patients affected by SARS-CoV-2 disease, for further diagnostic investigations. This represents a case in which the remote monitoring technology resulted fundamental in the management of patients with implantable devices, in particular during COVID-19-related lockdown. However, it is at least as much important to encourage the patient to carry the transmitter with him, even in the case of unexpected events or hospitalizations, in order to gain access to all the information store in the CIED which might be useful to the diagnosis of the underlying disease. Biotronik has developed the smallest remote transmitter in commerce (CardioMessenger Smart) which is functional to this kind of use. Moreover, it has an automatic interrogation function which can send the alerts about the arrhythmic events quicker than the other brands and so it’s more practical in situations where the patient is hospitalized in non-cardiological units.

Comparison of fair use and fair dealing concepts in copyright law and their meaning for libraries

The paper analyzes similarities and differences between fair use and fair dealing doctrines in copyright law that allow for limited use of copyright-protected material without the need of permission from the rightholder. Both concepts have long been part of legislation but have recently gained special interest due to the wide spread of digital technologies and the ease of copying materials, both text ones and any other digitized materials. What kind of use may be deemed fair and what may not, has become the question of everyday interest. Copyright exceptions implemented in the form of fair use or fair dealing concepts are of special importance to libraries. However, their application is far from trivial and the situation is further complicated by insufficiently understood difference between the two concepts. The paper reviews general approach implemented in both described doctrines, terminology issues, similarities and dissimilarities of the doctrines, their territorial coverage, and historic origins of doctrine differences. The doctrine having originated in the United Kingdom and developed in the United States has become an example, a pattern that is followed in legislation of many countries worldwide. Fair use/fair dealing concepts have found their reflection in Russian copyright law in the form of “free use” of a work without author’s permission and without copyright fee payment. The paper further deals with the significance of fair use doctrine for library collections digitization and other applications of technology innovation. A prediction is made for growing importance of fair use and fair dealing copyright exceptions in the nearest future.

Accessibility and sustainable use of Urban Green Areas as a factor for environmental preservation

The accessibility of Urban Green Areas (UGA) is widely studied in terms of parameters and metrics. The present work aims to analyze the relationship of accessibility and use of Urban Green Areas with the environmental preservation of these areas. To this end, a bibliographic survey of the existing indexes and indicators of accessibility of existing UGA was first carried out, resulting in 14 scientific papers analyzed. Then, three UGA of the city of Fortaleza were selected to analyze the relationship between accessibility and environmental preservation. It was found that areas without accessibility and sustainable use showed a higher degree of environmental degradation when compared to areas that had some kind of use or accessibility by residents.

Anthropogenic pollution of big cities and its realization in soil-plant system (case study of Saint-Petersburg)

Soils in megalopolises are an integral part of urban environment. Soils determine the possibility of creating green spaces and their functioning. Accumulation of pollutants in urban areas is characterized by complexity and heterogeneity. Conducted studies have shown no direct correlation between the level of soil contamination and the condition of the vegetation in St. Petersburg. Soils of higher fertility although more polluted have lower negative effect on the plant growth. Species resistance to atmospheric pollution, level of soil preparation for planting, the timeliness and quality of maintenance are of particular importance. High-quality soil preparation, soil fertility and its ecological condition are determinative aspects of creating green spaces in megalopolises. Based on conducted studies, the main methodological approaches to the soil’s quality were formulated for different kind of use. The strictest quality requirements should be imposed on the soils of: 1) agricultural lands, 2) children’s and medical institutions, 3) residential areas, 4) recreational areas, 5) suburban forests, 6) industrial and transport zones.

The Importance of Liberal Arts in the Digital Age

Liberal arts are vulnerable to the challenge that they are useless in the digital age. “Uselessness is a kind of usefulness” — that is, although liberal arts fail to mold the practical skills, for example, the skills that enable people to earn much money in markets, they are useful in other senses, which is a common and seemingly philosophical answer to the question about the function of liberal arts. Such an answer, however, seems insufficient and abstract. In this article, the author intends to demonstrate with examples and statistics that liberal arts play an irreplaceable role in nursing people’s critical thinking, expanding their imagination and understanding of the differences of the world. Moreover, technology is essentially related to the understanding of human society. User-friendly technology is the combination of empathy and the understanding of humanity.

THE MODELS OF AUTO TARGETING STRIKE UAV AT THE MOVING TARGET

A special kind of use of UAVs as transport is their use to deliver the destruction means to the target on the battlefield, i.e. as strike unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), capable to inflict missile and bomb strikes on the enemy.&#x0D; Of particular interest are such drones, which do not require constant aiming at the target by the flight operator (ground pilot) with the help of a video transmitting system, but are targeted independently. Such UAVs have onboard a target sighting sensor (coordinator), with which the onboard control system determines the angular position of the target relative to the UAV. It is necessary to determine the most optimal targeting algorithms to be used in onboard control systems.&#x0D; UAVs due to the successful combination of cheap goods, technological availability and availability of other technical indicators (load capacity, efficiency and duration of flight, maneuverability) can be used as vehicles for cargo delivery. For example, UAVs are used to deliver ammunition and medicine to victims.&#x0D; The mechanism of the primary notification to the on-board control system of the UAV of the coordinates of the target to be hit, ie the task of "primary targeting", remains not completely solved by the technical and organizational task when using strike UAVs. Targeting methods using the on-board video broadcast system and direct commands of the ground pilot require, firstly, the installation of appropriate payload on board with an understanding of the loss of this equipment in combat use of UAVs, and secondly, effective avoidance of radio suppression by the enemy.&#x0D; The article presents the results of modeling with the help of Simulink models of the processes of guidance of a strike UAV with targeting on a moving aim by two methods: direct guidance and dynamic bias. The trajectories of UAV flights during diving to the target were obtained. The changes in the main working parameters during the guidance process were obtained as well. The conclusion about the advantage of the method of dynamic bias is made.

Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres.

The aim of our research was to investigate the effect of a small nanocellulose (NC) addition on an improvement of the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. A procedure of chemical extraction from pressed lignin was used to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The presence of nanoparticles in the cellulose pulp was confirmed by FTIR/ATR spectra as well as measurement of nanocellulose particle size using a Zetasizer analyzer. Epoxy composites with NC contents from 0.5% to 1.5% w/w were prepared. The obtained composites were subjected to strength tests, such as impact strength (IS) and resistance to three-point bending with a determination of critical stress intensity factor (Kc). The impact strength of nanocellulose composites doubled in comparison to the unmodified epoxy resin (EP 0). Moreover, Kc was increased by approximately 50% and 70% for the 1.5 and 0.5% w/w NC, respectively. The maximum value of stress at break was achieved at 1% NC concentration in EP and it was 15% higher than that for unmodified epoxy resin. The highest value of destruction energy was characterized by the composition with 0.5% NC and corresponds to the increase of 102% in comparison with EP 0. Based on the analysis of the results it was noted that satisfactory improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite was achieved with a very small addition of nanofiller while other research indicates the need to add much more nanocellulose. It is also expected that this kind of use of raw materials will allow increasing the economic efficiency of the nanocomposite preparation process. Moreover, nanocomposites obtained in this way can be applied as elements of machines or as a modified epoxy matrix for sandwich composites, enabling production of the structure material with reduced weight but improved mechanical properties.

Young Pedestrians' Mobile Phone Use While Crossing the Road

In Austria, distraction and carelessness are the number one cause of accidents. This affects all types of travel modes. The use of smartphones makes a significant contribution to distraction in road traffic. While the issue of car drivers and adult pedestrians has already been investigated in numerous publications, the extent of the problem and its impact on children and adolescents walking on foot is hardly known. Within the framework of an explorative study, almost 2,800 crossing events of school children in front of an educational center in the city of Vienna (Austria) were observed and analyzed. The results show that 44% of the pupils observed were engaged in some kind of use or were visibly holding a mobile phone in their hands when crossing the street at the unsignalized intersection. The results underline the need for training to educate children and adolescents about safe behavior in road traffic.