Kind Of Seeds Research Articles

Anticancer and antioxidant activities of ethanolic extract and semi-purified fractions from guava and mango seeds

Mango (Mangifera indica) and guava (Psidium guajava) seeds have several pharmaceutical applications and biological activities because as they have been recognized with different bioactive molecules (phenolic compounds) such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and catechins, so they have antioxidant and anticancer activities. The aim of the present study was to assess in vitro antioxidant and anticancer activities of successive extracts and semi-purified fractions from mango seeds. In this work, mango and guava seeds were collected and extracted using two solvents (ethanol 70% and ethyl acetate) followed by phytochemical screening and determination of biological activities such as antioxidant activity using five assays (DPPH, ABTS, KMnO4, Methylene blue and H2O2) additionally the antiradical activity and hybrid reaction for ethanolic extract of mango seeds as promising extract. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and catechin compounds were determined for all successive extracts, and finally, the anticancer activity of extracts was evaluated using MTT assay against HepG2 cell line and phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC. The phytochemical screening and TLC showed the primary investigation for phenolic compounds of ethanol extracts of both kind of seeds and only ethyl acetate of guava extract as promising extracts. However, HPLC determination of these three extracts showed high amount of gallic acid, naringenin, ellagic acid, and ferulic acid as they have anticancer and antioxidant activities. The antioxidant tests showed that the ethanolic mango extract is the highest antioxidant extract against DPPH by 84.0%, but recorded 82.0% with methylene blue and ABTS assays when compared with ascorbic acid. The ethyl acetate of guava extract showed strong cytotoxic effect with IC50 75.5 μg/mL against HepG2 cell line in all tested concentrations. From the obtained results, it could be concluded that mango ethanolic extract and its fractions are the most promising as antioxidants and ethyl acetate of guava extract the most promising in the anticancer activity.

Picturing Seeds of Poppies

Abstract The middle of the seventeenth century saw the emergence of a new kind of botanical observation: Microscopical observations of seeds. Previously, naturalists had made observations of seeds to complete their description of plants published in herbals, but for the first generation of Royal Society microscopists—Henry Power, Robert Hooke, and Nehemiah Grew—seeds became the centre of attention. This essay details this transition in plant knowledge by zooming in on just one kind of seeds: The poppy seed. Poppy seeds were abundant in early modern England as they were found in fields, gardens, kitchens and pharmacies. They were also excellent specimens to look at through microscopes, but for different reasons. Focusing on pictorial representation, especially, I analyse the diverse ambitions behind Power, Hooke, and Grew’s observations of poppy seeds, and how they used pictures to further these. The comparison of these three observations of the same specimen highlights the diversity of strategies for scientific representation in the early Royal Society while showing that intense, instrument-enhanced observation did not produce a stable epistemic object, but a multiplicity of epistemic images.

PHYTOTOXICITY ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS PLANTS USING INDUSTRIAL SLUDGE

This paper deals with analysis of physical and chemical properties of sludge in dyeing industry .By seeding same kind of seeds in different materials such as red sand (A) and mixture of red sand & sludge (B). By using this method to find out the phytotoxicity level of plant in PH,EC(ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY),plant macro and micro nutrients level in both the materials, growth of stem& root& leaf in the material and the grown plants. With this we are concluding the toxicity level present in different material and the growth of plants.

Impurities Effect on Carbonate Reactive Crystallization for the Wastewater

Reactive crystallization designed to separate nickel or copper ion from effluents has been advanced for applying to actual industrial wastewater containing impurities. In the primary reaction of this method, metal sulfate solution reacts with sodium carbonate solution in a semibatch crystallizer. In the present study, during the process of nickel or copper ions incorporation, inhibitory effect on seed growth of impurities, like cobalt, manganese, zinc, and borate and phosphate ions, was investigated. Through the 8-hour reactive crystallization, obtained particles’ characters and metals removal efficient were examined. Considering analyses data on metal component ratio in produced crystals, metal ions initial uptake rate was found to be different by the kind of seeds and impurities. And the centrifugation was performed against obtained crystals aimed for examining target metal purity improvement. The results indicated that copper components can incorporate and remove other metal ions easily. In addition, when the anions are used as impurities, depending on the kind of anions, the effect of damaging the surface of seeds or producing many fine particles has been confirmed.

Classificação fisiológica de sementes de cinco espécies arbóreas de mata ciliar quanto a tolerância à dessecação e ao armazenamento

Sementes de cinco espécies florestais ocorrentes em matas ciliares da bacia do Rio Grande, no Estado de Minas Gerais, foram classificadas de acordo com a tolerância à dessecação e ao armazenamento, como forma de subsidiar futuros programas de propagação e conservação ex situ. Sementes de Miconia argyrophylla DC. (Melastomastaceae), Allophylus edulis (A. St.-Hil., Cambess. e A. Juss.) Radlk. (Sapindaceae), Ixora warmingii Müll. Arg. (Rubiaceae), Aulomyrcia venulosa DC. (Myrtaceae) e Metrodorea stipularis Mart. (Rutaceae) foram coletadas e levadas ao Laboratório de Sementes Florestais, sendo beneficiadas e submetidas à secagem, armazenamento e avaliação da germinação. Após a classificação fisiológica, verificou-se que M. argyrophylla e M. stipularis possuem sementes do tipo ortodoxas, as quais podem ser armazenadas à baixa temperatura (-20ºC) e com baixo conteúdo de água ( <5%), por longos períodos, sem comprometer a viabilidade das mesmas. Por outro lado, as sementes de A. edulis, I. warmingii e M. venulosa foram classificadas como recalcitrantes, não tolerando a secagem a conteúdos de água abaixo de 12%, indicando que práticas de conservação in situ devem ser levadas em consideração para a preservação dos recursos genéticos destas espécies.

Social Responsibility Initiatives in Tata Group: Tata Motors & Tata Chemicals

This article narrates how Tata Motors and Tata Chemicals have stretched its wing into various activities towards social and sustainable development. Tata Motors being the leading automobile industry in India bagged the Golden Peacock Award for the year 2004 for its valuable contribution towards economic, community development and Corporate Social Responsibility. The initial work started with the well being of the company employees, their living condition, health and education which later turned to community well being through various Community Development Centers, Samities and Programmes. Tata Chemicals on the other hand is the largest inorganic chemical complex in the country that produces the highest synthetic soda in the world and is well known for its world-class energy efficiency standard and had worked on varied fields of environmental conservation, community development and safety. The major success of Tata Chemicals is towards community development under the umbrella of Tata Kisan Kendras (TKK's) and Tata Kisan Sansar (TSS). It had promoted Tata Chemicals' Society for Rural Development (TCSRD) for the benefit of rural population by providing all sophisticated technologies like satellite mapping, geographical information system (GIS) etc for selecting and using right kind of seeds from sowing to post-harvest stage. The Kendras provides a wide range of services like: credits to the farmers, insurance of crops against natural disasters, availing buyback facilities etc. These have resulted in economic stability of farmers.

The study of the synthesis of nano-grade cerium oxide powder

The nano-grade cerium oxide particles were formed by high temperature precipitation. Two kinds of seeds, one was 3 nm (Sample A) in diameter and the other was 8 nm (Sample B) in diameter, were prepared by the different methods. The urea solution as the precipitant was titrated to the solution of ammonium cerium nitrate with the seeds. The morphology of the final particles was affected by the kind of seeds. The particles aggregated to form the agglomerate of about 20 nm in diameter as the Sample A was a seed. If the Sample B was a seed, the product was spherical and pseudo single crystal with 40–50 nm in diameter. Both final products would change to the agglomerate of 8 nm primary particle after further aging.