Kind Of Mode Research Articles

The zero helicity and chirality of optical vortices

We show that any uniformly linearly-polarised paraxial vortex mode carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) has zero spin angular momentum (SAM) density, but exhibits non-zero helicity density distributions. Such a mode then possesses chirality as confirmed by experiment and so can engage with chiral matter. We show that confining the treatment for the general paraxial fields only to leading order leads directly to agreement of our theory with the experimental results, provided we ensure that crucially the paraxial fields obey duality. We find that the space integral of the helicity and chirality densities vanish identically for all such optical vortex modes without specifying the kind of mode. These generally applicable properties of optical vortex modes carrying orbital angular momentum thus assert that without optical spin due to elliptical wave polarisation of index σ, an optical vortex alone cannot possess total helicity, even though it always exhibits non-zero helicity density distributions.

CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF COVID-19 PATIENTS OF SECOND WAVE AT A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL IN GUJARAT, INDIA

Objective: 
 The studies describing the clinicoepidemiological features of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patients of first wave are available but about second wave very few studies have documented. This study was aimed to describe the clinicoepidemiological features and the causes of mortality of COVID-19 patients of second wave admitted in our center.
 Methods: This retrospective observational cross sectional study was carried out among 200 randomly selected and confirmed COVID-19 indoor patients admitted between 7th April, 2021 and 3rd July, 2021 in Dr. N. D. Desai Hospital, Nadiad. The demographic profile, clinical features, comorbidities, inflammatory markers and causes of mortality in these patients were analyzed.
 Results: A total 200 patients of COVID-19 of second wave were analyzed. Majority of them were males (64.5%) and the patients between 18 and 60 years of age constituted 60%. Hypertension (70.93%) and Diabetes mellitus (46.51%) were common comorbidities followed by ischemic heart diseases and chronic kidney disease. The most common presenting features were fever (75.7%), cough (68.8%), and shortness of breath (60%). The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days [interquartile range (IQR), 4–12]. The patients needed any kind of mode of oxygen therapy were 82.5%. The most common cause of death was cardiac arrest (70.58%) followed by severe acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS (35.29%). 
 Conclusions: In this retrospective study, most patients were young males with the age less than 60 years. The patients had one or more comorbidities, hypertension being the most common. Inflammatory markers were significantly higher in patients who died in our hospital.
 Keywords: COVID-19, Clinicoepidemiological features, Comorbidities, ICU, Second wave, Wave-2, COVID-19 deceased, Mortality.

Exploration and practice of blended teaching of cell biology experiments during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Since 2019, new coronavirus pneumonia has been widespread worldwide and has had a direct impact on human life. Meanwhile, it also has a huge impact on teaching in universities and hospitals, especially in experimental courses. Cell biology is not only an important part of biology but also one of the most dynamic frontier branches of modern life science, which is also a science based on experiments. It is necessary to promote the online and offline teaching during this special period. To explore and evaluate the blended teaching modes during the COVID-19 epidemic, we changed the previous single teaching mode of “teaching + experiment” and published courseware and learning requirements online before class, this kind of mode takes “theory + virtual demonstration experiment” in class as the main body and the reviewing and thinking after class as the summary. We also carried out offline practice on a small scale when the epidemic allowed and actively explored the comprehensive online and offline teaching modes, in and out of class. Through the hybrid teaching, the percentage distribution of students in high and moderate scores ranges were greatly increased, the blended teaching mode also greatly improves students’ subjective initiative and highlights the development of students’ personalized thinking and scientific research ability. The practice of this model not only ensures the health of teachers and students during the epidemic but also provides a new teaching exploration model and thinking for the development of experimental courses during the epidemic.

ARTICLE RETIRÉ : Must the Relation of Substantial Composition Be a Mode? William of Ockham’s Answers

Cet article traite d’un cas particulier dans la métaphysique de la relation de Guillaume d’Ockham, à savoir la relation de composition entre la matière et la forme substantielle. Le cas théologique du triduum mortis soulève un problème pour les métaphysiques réductionnistes de la relation comme celle d’Ockham. Ce dernier peut-il en rendre compte sans accepter que certaines relations soient irréductibles à leurs relata ? Le point de départ de l’article est l’interprétation communément partagée sur la théorie de la relation d’Ockham. Je m’en sépare pour soutenir l’idée que, même si Ockham affirme que la distinction entre chose et mode d’être est inintelligible dans la plupart des cas, il pourrait avoir reconnu l’existence d’au moins un type de mode dans son ontologie.

Electro-optic phase modulation with a symmetrical metal-cladding waveguide.

A bulk electro-optic (EO) modulator based on the ultrahigh-order guided modes, which are excited in a symmetrical metal-cladding waveguide (SMCW), has been exploited. This kind of mode in a SMCW has high sensitivity to phase shift by changing the refractive index of the guiding layer. Compared with phase modulation via the bulk EO modulator without a waveguide, the applied half-wave voltage is reduced for one magnitude. This work may have practical applications in optical information processes.

Identity and Representation in US Comics

Identity and Representation in US Comics

The Service-oriented Manufacturing Mode based on 3D printing: A Case of Personalized Toy

3D printing is a technology of rapid prototyping. It can effectively respond to the needs of customers and help to achieve the Service-oriented manufacturing. Here the reconstruction of personalized toy manufacturing through 3D printing was studied. Then it was evaluated in three aspects, the integration of resources, the product increment and the business model innovation. The conclusion showed that, the Service-oriented manufacturing based on 3D printing could not only effectively respond to customer needs, but also get rid of the traditional process constraints, and shorten the R&D period. That would realize the collaborative management of product life cycle. This kind of mode is an effective solution for the realization of the material personalization.

锡林郭勒盟不同草场利用方式下的生态经济效益—以镶黄旗敖包音高勒嘎查为例

内蒙古锡林郭勒盟是我国重要牧业地区，属干旱、半干旱典型草原地区。早在1956年，内蒙古自治区提出了定居移场放牧的要求，到上世纪80年代初开始实行草畜双承包制度，具体分为三步实施：1982~1989年开始实行草畜双承包，把草场所有权划归嘎查所有；1989~1995年，采取到户、到联户、到浩特三种承包形式，进一步完善草场承包责任制；1996~1998年，根据《内蒙古自治区进一步落实完善草原“双权一制”的规定》，进一步落实了草场所有权、使用权和承包责任制，把草场使用权彻底承包到户。1983年国家实行草场承包制以后，直至1992年牧区一直实行着家庭联户经营方式。这种以照搬农区模式的分地到户、单户经营的模式，在干旱、半干旱，且降水不稳定，变率大的地区，通过30年的时间，证实了其并不适用于气候多变、地理环境脆弱且严峻的牧区。 Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia is an important animal husbandry area in China, which is also a typical arid and semi-arid steppe area. As early as 1956, the requirements of the resettlement grazing were proposed in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, then the grass and livestock contract system was implemented at the early 80s of last century, and it was specifically divided into three steps: first grass and livestock contract was implemented in 1982-1998, and the ownership of the grass was placed under the Gacha; in 1989-1995, three kinds of contract forms: household contract, alliance household contract and Haote contract were conducted, which further improved the grassland contract responsibility system; in 1996-1998, according to the regulation to further implement and improve “double rights and one system” in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the ownership, use right and contract responsibility system of the grassland were further practiced, and the use right of grassland absolutely belonged to the contractors. Since 1983, the contract system of grassland had been implemented and until 1992, the family co-operation mode was still used in the pastoral area. This kind of mode, which copied from agriculture, has been validated that it didn’t suitable for the pastoral area which has variable climate and fragile and severe geographical environment by using 30 years in this arid and semi-arid area where the precipitation is unstable and the variable rate is large.

Hierarchy of instabilities for two counter-streaming magnetized pair beams

The instabilities triggered when two counter-streaming pair beams collide are analyzed. A guiding magnetic field is accounting for, while both beams are considered identical and cold. The instability analysis is conducted over the full k-spectrum, allowing to derive the hierarchy map of the dominant unstable modes, in terms of the initial beams energy γ0 and a magnetic field strength parameter ΩB. Four different regions of the (ΩB,γ0) phase space are identified, each one governed by a different kind of mode. The analysis also unravels the existence of a “triple point,” where 3 different modes grow exactly at the same rate. A number of analytical expressions can be derived, either for the modes growth-rates or for the frontiers between the 4 regions.

Based on the Fault Tree of Public Housing BOT Project Risk Assessment

Effect of BOT financing mode in the housing is more and more obvious in the diversifieddevelopment，how to evaluate the risk of this kind of mode is an issue. The article analysis the detailed of the various potential risks of BOT financing mode; the fault tree method into the risk assessment of public rental housing in the BOT project, to test the effectiveness of the final project risk evaluation.

Research on the Construction of Smarter Campus System Based on Mobile Phone M2M

As the development of the Internet of things and the application of M2M, smarter campus ushers in new era. This paper proposes the smarter campus system architecture based on the mobile phone M2M. It consists of four levels, two systems, two platforms and N APP. And points out the key technologies of this system construction: sensing and communication, storage and security and system integration and application services. aims to explore a kind of mode of digital campus as "if we have mobile phone all in one, we can walk through the campus", so as to realize the ubiquitous network study, the integration innovation of scientific research, transparent and efficient school management, rich and colorful campus culture, convenient and thoughtful campus life.

Compact two-mode (de)multiplexer based on symmetric Y-junction and Multimode interference waveguides

A compact two-mode (de)multiplexer [(DE)MUX] based on symmetric Y-junction and multimode interference (MMI) waveguides was designed by 3D beam propagation method (BPM). The phase evolution in the structure was discussed in detail. Simulations show that the optical bandwidth is as large as 100 nm (1500 nm ~1600 nm). The two-mode (DE)MUX is very compact compared with the other kind of mode (DE)MUX. The length of the structure is only 48.8 μm. Simulation also shows the fabrication tolerance is as large as ± 75 nm.

Analysis of tri-generation system in combined cooling and heating mode

Tri-generation system is efficient in supplying thermal energy and electricity. But it is very difficult to satisfy multiple load demands simultaneously in real applications. Therefore, the benefit of tri-generation system is not so easy to realize. If the electric load is separated from the thermal load, difficulty of control would be avoided. In this work, combined cooling and heating (CCH) mode of tri-generation system is proposed. The generated electricity is only used to power the HVAC device, which converts all the electricity into thermal energy. Namely, there is only thermal output in this kind of mode. As for the rest electric load of user, it can be ensured by the public grid. Considering 20% of total energy consumption and 50% of building energy consumption may come from the HVAC system in developed countries. The CCH mode of tri-generation system would be potential in energy saving. The influences of system capacity, HVAC performance, public grid efficiency, and energy prices on system performances are analyzed. Results show that the CCH mode of tri-generation system can be much better than an independent HVAC system. For a system with generator capacity over 100kW, the payback period could be less than 4 years.

A Professional Mode of the Transformation of Sci-tech Achievements in Scientific Research Institutions of Tianjin City

There are too many scientific research institutions in Tianjin, and the scientific research activities are very active. The transformation of Sci-tech achievements is badly in need of a set of suitable and standardized mode, and how to establish this kind of mode is an important problem faced by researchers of Tianjin Sci-tech development. Based on analyzing the situation in Tianjin research activities, the paper proposes a way to solving this problem--the professional mode of the transformation of Sci-tech achievements, illustrates the connotation of the professional mode, and describes the implement environment and the specific operation progress. According to the characteristics of factors in Tianjin, such as society, government, market, industrial technology and so on, the paper designs the professional mode of the transformation of Sci-tech achievements, which is suitable for the characteristics of Tianjin, and which plays an important role in promoting the development of the productive force in science and technology of Tianjin.

Transition from an antiphase error-correction mode to a synchronization mode in mutual hand tracking

Proactive motion in hand tracking and in finger bending, in which the body motion occurs prior to the reference signal, has been previously reported when a periodic target signal was shown to the subjects at relatively high frequencies. These phenomena indicate that the human sensory-motor system tends to choose an anticipatory mode rather than a reactive mode, when the target motion is relatively fast. The present research was undertaken to study what kind of mode appears in the sensory-motor system when two persons were asked to track the hand position of the partner at various mean tracking frequency. The experimental results showed that a transition from a mutual error-correction mode to a synchronization mode occurred in the same region of the transition frequency with the one from a reactive error-correction mode to a proactive anticipatory mode reported previously in the target tracking experiments of the single subjects. Present research indicated that synchronization of body motion occurred only when both of the pair subjects operated in a proactive anticipatory mode. We also presented mathematical models to explain the behavior of the error-correction mode and the synchronization mode.

Study on the Relationship Between City and District Average Price by GAOT in Taipei

Since 2012, Taiwan enforces real price login, people can reference data and understand the changing price of various regions. The housing price of this study, therefore, is designated by unit price of trading contract. Taipei City, one of five municipalities in Taiwan, is found the unit price of trading contract is the most than others in an upward trend in its database from the third quarter of 2007 to the second quarter of 2012 (total twenty seasons). So, this study explores the relationship with others between unit price of trading contract overall in Taipei and unit price of trading contract of 12 districts. It is going to use autonomic architecture model with the ability of genetic algorithm operate tree (GAOT) to find out the best combination of variables and establish the relationship mode between each other. It also can assess overall real estate trends in Taipei City by important changing of districts. Research statistical analysis shows correlation coefficient (CC) for unit price of trading contract is 0.98 in Daan district and overall Taipei City. The result shows a high degree of correlation. After GAOT operator, besides, the establish assessment model could be found. It only uses unit price of trading contract of four districts. The unit price of trading contract of overall Taipei can be known. The coefficient of determination (R2) is up to 0.996 and root mean squared error (RMSE) is 0.406. The results are better than multiple linear regression (MLR) (R2=0.994, RMSE=0.490) and appear that GAOT can predict accurately of overall Taipei. It exist the relationship with each other between four districts and Taipei. In other words, the trend of variable is in coincide circumstance. The advantage of unit price of trading contract can be later used, therefore, this kind of mode to statistic four districts. The forecasting process for unit price of trading contract overall Taipei engages the government and civil society to assess overall real estate market of urban area.

Research of Cloud Computing Information Management Mode for Oil Enterprise

According to the advantages of cloud computing which is a new technology and the developing state of the information management of oil enterprise, this paper builds a information management mode for oil enterprise based on cloud computing, in order to solve many certain problems in the recent information mode. Analyses the different business needs in the up and down stream in Oil Company, and then build an enterprise hybrid cloud management model. Under this mode, the information management of this company can realize lower IT operating costs, lower energy consumption and higher efficiency, and also take balance between efficiency and data safety. This kind of mode not only fits into the developing need for Oil Company, but also the need for green IT age.

The Ideal Variable Velocity Scanning Mode in Cardiac Computed Tomographic Imaging

In this article, a new kind of mode for ideal variable velocity scanning for computed tomography is proposed. First, smoothed transition model of variable velocity and the ideal scanning velocity are presented in multiple heart cycles scanning. Second, the mechanical property and the feasibility for variable velocity scanning are analyzed. Last, cardiac motion mode is designed, and the image is reconstructed by the computed tomography reconstruction algorithm to verify the variable velocity scanning model.

DFT‐assisted interpretation of the Raman spectra of hydrogen‐ordered ice XV

The vibrational spectra of the condensed phases of water often show broad and strongly overlapping spectral features which can make spectroscopic interpretations and peak assignments difficult. The Raman spectra of hydrogen‐ordered H2O and D2O ice XV are reported here, and it is shown that the spectra can be fully interpreted in terms of assigning normal modes to the various spectral features by using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The calculated lattice‐vibration spectrum of the experimental antiferroelectric structure is in good agreement with the experimental data whereas the spectrum of a ferroelectric Cc structure, which computational studies have suggested as the crystal structure of ice XV, differs substantially. Moreover, the calculated coupled O–H stretch spectrum also seems in better agreement with the experiment than the calculated spectrum for the Cc structure. Both the hydrogen bonds as well as the covalent bonds appear to be stronger in hydrogen‐ordered ice XV than in the hydrogen‐disordered counterpart ice VI. A new type of stretching mode is identified, and it is speculated that this kind of mode might be relevant for other condensed water phases as well. Furthermore, the ice XV spectra are compared to the spectra of ice VIII which is the only other high‐pressure phase of ice for which detailed spectroscopic assignments have been made so far. In summary, we have established a link between crystallographic data and spectroscopic information in the case of ice XV by using DFT‐calculated spectra. Such correlations may eventually help interpreting the vibrational spectra of more structurally‐disordered aqueous systems. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

"Column Changes Line" Mode in Database Designing

This paper discusses a new kind of mode in database design——mode of “column changes line”. This paper discusses the definition of the mode, and in detail analyses the mode through specific cases, and summaries its specific advantage and applied scenes. In the end of the paper, it discusses the relationship between the mode and four-atomization theories in database design.