Kinds Of Hospitals Research Articles

Moral treatment in asylums and general hospitals in 19th-century America.

Moral treatment, a therapeutic approach that emphasized character and spiritual development, and called for kindness on the part of all who came in contact with the patient, flourished in American mental hospitals during the first half of the 19th century. Many of its essential features also existed then in the treatment of physical illness in American general hospitals. Changing social and welfare services and advances in scientific medicine contributed to a subsequent decline in moral treatment and to a divergence between the therapeutic approaches of the two kinds of hospitals. In recent years, there has been a gradual convergence in their treatment modes. Contemporary social and welfare services are contrasted with traditional moral treatment.

Newborn intensive care and neonatal mortality in low-birth-weight infants: a population study.

We examined the neonatal mortality rates of low-birth-weight infants (501 to 2250 g) born between 1976 and 1978 in three kinds of hospitals in New York City: those with newborn-intensive-care units (Level 3), those with capabilities for the care of most premature infants (Level 2), and those without any special facilities for premature newborns (Level 1). Among 13,560 singleton low-birth-weight infants, the adjusted neonatal mortality rate for Level 3 hospitals was 128.5 per thousand live births - significantly lower (P less than 0.001) than the rates for both level 2 (168.1) and Level 1 units (163.0). The association of level of care with mortality could not be accounted for by differences between groups in social or demographic status, in prenatal care, or in medical complication of pregnancy. We infer that birth at a Level 3 center lowers neonatal mortality in low-birth-weight infants. However, only 34 per cent of the patients in this study were born in such units.

The Gardener's Story: The Metafolklore of a Mumming Tradition

(1982). The Gardener's Story: The Metafolklore of a Mumming Tradition. Folklore: Vol. 93, No. 1, pp. 105-111.

Curriculum for the 2nd career physician in emergency medicine

Recommendations for a three week refresher course for physicians seeking a new career in emergency medicine are made. The skills to be mastered during the course, each of which should be checked by an instructor, are listed. The recommendations made are based on: (1) a survey of the incidence of 50 disease categories in four different kinds of hospitals; and (2) a survey of 90 physicians who worked in an emergency department either full or part-time. An additional 13 residents in medicine were also surveyed. The survey of the physicians was done in an attempt to determine their level of confidence in managing 50 disease categories.

Epidemiology of Survival From Cancer of the Cervix<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN1">2</xref>

A study was made of the survival, after treatment, of the 3,573 women with cancer of the cervix in the counties of New York State, excluding those in and around New York City, from 1959-63. We were interested in discovering whether there were differences in the proportion surviving 5 years among patients treated in various kinds of hospitals and by different types of physicians. Since survival varied substantially by age of patient and her socioeconomic status, our analyses were adjusted statistically for these factors. Through the use of the New York State Cancer Registry and our auxiliary case-finding procedures, we secured almost all cases of cancer diagnosed during the study period. We completed follow-up to determine present status of patients in all but 0.3%. Our reliability checks of a sample of the pathologic diagnoses done in hospitals throughout the State, conducted by the study pathologist, showed good agreement. A reassessment of a 10% random sample of our staging showed 97.3% agreement. Survival from disease in advanced stages was beHer in patients treated by gynecologists and surgeons and by doctors who had treated many such patients. Survival was greatly enhanced in the early stages of disease. This argues for better screening, especially in high-risk populations.

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital

Communication and Kindness in Hospital