Kind Of Code Research Articles

Review and Upgrade of a Bulk Flow Model for the Analysis of Honeycomb Gas Seals Based on New High Pressure Experimental Data

The design of the gas seals used in centrifugal compressors and axial turbines requires to consider not only their aptitude to reduce leakage, but also their contribution to the overall dynamics of the machine. Honeycomb and hole pattern annular seals are often employed in compressors for the end balance piston seal or as the central balance piston seal in a back-to-back arrangement. In contrast to labyrinth seals, they show a beneficial damping effect. In order to obtain an effective tool for predicting the leakage and the dynamic response of honeycomb seals, a bulk flow model has been devised in the past and, implemented in numerical codes, it is presently used in the design process. This kind of codes, however, require simplifying assumptions: in particular, one reference code available to the authors adopts the hypothesis of isothermal process. As the required level of confidence in seal design is increasing, an experimental validation and possibly some refinement are needed. In this work, the bulk flow model was reviewed and the sensitivity to different hypotheses was explored. New experimental data from a high pressure test rig were compared with the results of simulations.

Між реальністю і міфом: дискурс окциденталізму. Міжкультурні рефлексії та досвід дотикальності

The issue of national identity study is considered through the lens of such concepts as globalism and Europeanness. Now this aspect of self-conscience is being articulated and discussed especially actively in Ukrainian, Polish, Russian and other scientific reflections. In this regard, the theme of the image of Europe and its derivative concept of Europeanness as a kind of code which is present in these national literatures is actualized. Outlined by the author the receptive image of intuitive Europe which is modified by different models of national mentality is of general importance. For an insight on clearer formation of the image of Europe the author gives examples of its presence in national literatures. Addressing Ukrainian, Polish, Russian scientific reflections the author transforms the issue of intercultural dialogue in the context of national-European into the issue of polylogue of receptive models of identity in a West-East paradigm.

Silence. Communicative and Cultural Aspect

The aim of the article is to present the results of the analysis of silence in verbal communication from purely linguistical perspectives. It studies silent reactions comparing them not so much with verbal responses but creating oppositions between varieties of silent reactions, taken from authentic talking in four cultures: Belarusian, Russian, American and English. Our assumption is that oppositions between various types of silence can provide convincing data against a widely spread belief that silence is always derogative, submissive and referring to power. Studying intentions of unclear silent reactions in private conversations we discovered that they are often nothing but search for pleasure in silence. The recurrent meaning of the reactions is ‘I enjoy your company’, ‘I am happy being together’, ‘I am happy having a rest from the worries of the world’. Silent reactions of this kind are quite polysemantic, their exact meanings can be described with the help of such words as relaxation, pleasure, harmony, quietness. The variety of meanings of only one type of silent reactions makes it possible to claim that silence is a kind of code, used in communicative behavior along with other codes, verbal and nonverbal.

Ethics in Public Administration: A Study on Sylhet Deputy Commissioner Office

Ethics is the branch of study dealing with what is the proper course of action for man. Like every discipline also public administration has own code of ethics. We need such kind of code to prevent unethical actions. In some cases the code gets violated. So, to study on ethics in public administration is largely important. This study provides an evaluation on ethics about the executive branch of government. To conduct the research, Sylhet Deputy Commissioner Office has been selected as study area. This study is made based on survey method where statistical data as service provider & service receiver has been presented and the study is exploratory in nature where there is a chance to get new concept from the current existing condition. 30 respondents have been selected as sample size and purposive sampling has been taken to collect data from the respondents. It reveals from the study that, ethical standard of the service provider has not achieved complete public satisfaction yet. The study examined the reasons and found that there is hardly dedication of work of the service provider and this is happened for the low class worker of that office. On the other hand, their (service providers) unethical expectations from the service consumers are making great challenge to bring fair manner in the way of ethics. Basically this is happened for the 3rd categories employees working on there. They have no sufficient educative knowledge. For the lack of their educational qualification, they can not judge their ethical sense according to the right manner. But, the other officials who are BCS cadre of Bangladesh govt. are comparatively highly ethical oriented for their educational background. Basically it has revealed from the study that, the scale of ethics in every human being depends on their educational level. The study also recommends that, training & teaching system on the basis of ethics may relive this condition.

Matrices of Embodiment: Rethinking Binary and the Politics of Digital Representation

This article explores the critical art practice of Nell Tenhaaf, challenging the continued convention of theorizing the relationship between the body and digital representation technologies in terms of the real and the virtual and the perceived dematerialization of the body into code. Given the importance of histories of the body for so-called second-wave and constructivist feminists, it is perhaps unsurprising that much of the debate regarding the virtual subject was generated from within the combined discourses of feminism and science and technology studies. While the model of equivalence and interchangeability between different kinds of code (binary, genetics, language itself) has accounted in sophisticated ways for the mechanisms by which bodies and artifacts become integrated into the structures of capital, by making everything dis- and rejoinable, the way in which the discourse has been structured around the problem of the subject as code has become overdetermined and suggests a model of subjectivity that is technologically deterministic. In an attempt to speak the language of these very real problems for digital forms of representation and yet simultaneously to speak beyond them, I propose to look at histories of computing that conceive of information technology as fundamentally spatial. The purpose of this is threefold. In the first instance, through the work of Tenhaaf, I hope to explore a recent example of how digital ontology is being questioned through representation. Second, in so doing, I intend to show that replacing the paradigm of the body need not suggest a virtual flight into technophilic fantasies of transcendence or, to use the term set out by Eugene Thacker, extropianism. Thus, finally, I hope that by reconceiving of binary not as a linear series but as a spatial field, we might disconnect binary from its self-limiting association with Western binaries.

The Design of High Speed and Parallel Convolutional Encoder Based on FPGA

For the channel source of large capacity image data, the error correcting capability and coding efficiency of channel encoding is very important, in order to solve the real-time and parallel of encoding, a kind of code encoding method realized easily by FPGA is proposed. First, the coding principle of the convolutional code is introduced in detail; Secondly, the representation method of the convolutional encoder is elaborated, including the state transition diagram and the grid diagram of the convolutional code; Then, the convolutional encoding algorithm based on FPGA will be converting to achieve rapid, parallel processing method; Finally, (2,1,7) convolutional code algorithm is simulated and tested. The experimental results show that: the convolutional encoding module is capable of handling the input data stream of up to 160Mbps, processing speed, to meet the parallel and real-time of convolutional encoding for the channel source of large capacity image data, to improve the efficiency of convolutional encoding.

Codes Correcting Blockwise s-Periodic Errors

In this paper, we obtain lower and upper bounds for linear codes which are capable of correcting the errors blockwise that occur during the process of transmission. The kinds of errors considered are known as s-periodic errors. Illustrations for such kind of codes have also been provided.

What is materialism’s material? Thoughts toward (actually against) a materialism for “world literature”

Materialists in postcolonial literary studies can often tend to look past the literary material before them to the “material conditions” that seem the more urgent object of attention. This article argues that the materialist’s gaze should be fixed on the literary surface, not as a kind of code for an external material world, but as itself the material profile of the lived experience of need. To this end, the article introduces the concept of “the material” as it appears in the aesthetics of Theodor Adorno. It then considers the literary critical essays of Kamau Brathwaite as exemplary of a decolonizing materialist criticism. The argument is framed by the consideration of the re-emergence of “world literature” as a disciplinary framework.

Lamination languages

AbstractLeaves of laminations can be symbolically represented by deforming them into paths of labeled embedded carrier graphs, including train tracks. Here, we describe and characterize the languages of two-way infinite words coming from this kind of coding, called lamination languages, first, by using carrier graph sequences, and second, by using word combinatorics. These characterizations generalize those existing for interval exchange transformations. We also show that lamination languages have ultimately affine factor complexity, and we present effective techniques to build these languages.

Comparison of Fatigue Crack Growth Curves of Japan, the United States, and European Union Code and Standards

There are several codes, standards, handbooks, and guidelines for the nuclear power plant maintenance in Japan, the US, and EU. They include Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) and fatigue crack growth curves for crack growth calculation. In this paper, the authors selected five kinds of codes, standards and guidelines, and compared their fatigue crack growth curves for choice of the suitable curves. The feature of each curve was quantitatively evaluated. Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers (JSME) maintenance rule and American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) code provide the fatigue crack growth formulae for both ferritic and austenitic steels and consider the environmental effects in some cases. The Fitness-for-Service Network (FITNET) curves are categorized in many kinds of metal, whereas the Forschungskuratorium Maschinenbau (Germany) = Board of Trustees of Mechanical Engineering (FKM) guideline and Welding Engineering Society (WES) procedure provide the common properties generally applicable to steels.

Quantified Vertical Greenery Landscape Pattern Adjacent to Buildings of the Humble Administrator’s Garden, China

The Humble Administrator’s Garden, one member of the World Culture Heritage List, is topmost classic private garden south of the Yangtze River in China. Its rich plant landscape dynamics around buildings have active influence on today’s living environment. This study adopted coding approach to explore spatial dynamics of building environment. There were 13 sample plots, each of which centered around one building and 12m outward radiation, were surveyed in February and August 2010. There were altogether 53 tree species and 325 individuals which height and location were measured. Then tree height, defoliation, direction (relative to building) and spacing (distance from building) were divided into levels of 6, 2, 8 and 4 respectively. Each level was coded in order. So a tree had a four-digit code of the four factors. With the increase of tree height from level 1(1.0-3.0m) to level 5 (20.1-30.0m), percentages of individual were 30.2%, 25.8%, 17.5%, 25.5% and 1.0% respectively; defoliation ratios (number of evergreen individuals / number of deciduous individuals) were 0.96, 1.70, 0.58, 0.15 and 0 respectively. The Pearson correlation of tree height and defoliation was -0.315. There were 155 kinds of codes, in which ten topmost frequencies showed that 80% of them were below 3m height. We can conclude that both tree number and defoliation ratio will decrease following the increase of tree height. A pattern called ‘Layering greening model with upper deciduous and lower evergreen plants’ maybe suitable for the district of hot summer and cold winter.

A Class of Constacyclic Codes over <i>R</i> + <i>vR</i> and Its Gray Image

We study (1 + 2v)-constacyclic codes overR + vR and their Gray images, where v2 + v = 0 and R is a finite chain ring with maximal ideal λ> and nilpotency index e. It is proved that the Gray map images of a (1 + 2v)-constacyclic codes of length n over R + vR are distance-invariant linear cyclic codes of length 2n over R. The generator polynomials of this kind of codes for length n are determined, where n is relatively prime to p, p is the character of the field R/λ> . Their dual codes are also discussed.

On lattices, binary codes, and network codes

Network codes are sets of subspaces of a finite vectorspace over a finite field. Recently, this class of codes has found application in the error correction of message transmission within networks. Furthermore, binary codes can be represented as sets of subsets of a finite set. Hence, both kinds of codes can be regarded as substructures of lattices — in the first case it is the linear lattice and in the second case it is the power set lattice. This observation leads us to a more general investigation of similarities of both theories by means of lattice theory. In this paper we first examine general results of lattices in order to comprise basic considerations of network coding and binary vector coding theory. Afterwards we consider the issue of finding complements of subspaces.

Aspect Oriented Software Development vs. other Techniques (Structured Approach and Object Oriented Approach)

Aspects are a natural evolution of the object-oriented paradigm. They provide a solution to some difficulties you may have encountered with modularizing your object-oriented code: sometimes functionality just doesn't fit! You've probably found yourself repeating the same lines of code in lots of different object-oriented classes because those classes each need that functionality, and so you can't easily wrap it up in a single place. Good examples of this kind of code are audit trails, transaction handling, concurrency management, and so on. You can now modularize such code with aspects. Aspect-Oriented Software Development (AOSD). Provides unique and advanced program structuring and modularization techniques. The implementation of software applications using AOSD techniques results in a better implementation structure which has an impact on many important software qualities such as enhanced reusability and reduced complexity. In turn, these software qualities lead to an improved software development lifecycle and, hence, to better software.

Courting emotional contagion: Tina Gonsalves' Chameleon

This paper engages with the recent computer-mediated video installations of Australian media artist Tina Gonsalves. Gonsalves' interactive video Chameleon (2008–2010) explores the scientific notion of ‘emotional contagion’, the dynamics of how emotions spread from one person to another in social contexts. An ambitious work at the interface of media art, neuroscience and advanced ‘affective computing’ being developed at the MIT Media Lab, Chameleon interprets the notion of empathy as a kind of code that can be simulated in an installation context. The work continues and expands upon the artist's interest in the intimacies and vulnerabilities of human emotions. It is a genuinely interdisciplinary work that breaks new ground in terms of the dialogue between art, science and technology.

The decodability and correctability of codes

Given a noisy communication channel γ, the aim of this paper is to investigate γ-decodable codes and γ-correctable codes. Examples are given for channels with possible errors caused by deletions. The γ-correctability does not imply γ-decodability but ensures error recovery. In general, the properties of γ-correctability and γ-decodability have little in common. Some general properties concerning γ-decodable codes and γ-correctable codes are derived. Moreover, we propose a special kind of codes called γ-separable codes having a unique decodability.

Le califat, une autorité pour l’islam par Ali Mérad

BOOK REVIEWS / COMPTES RENDUS 363 BOOK REVIEWS / COMPTES RENDUS Books reviewed in The Maghreb Review can be ordered from The Maghreb Bookshop: www.maghrebbookshop.com. Our catalogue is also available on our website. Ali Mérad, Le califat, une autorité pour l’islam ? Paris, Desclée de Brouwer, 230 pp. On the third of March 1924, the Turkish General Assembly in Ankara voted the abolition of the caliphate by a large majority; on the following day, fiAbd alMaj ıd II went into exile aboard a British warship with some 150 members of his entourage. The Sultanate had been abolished two years before—his predecessor Muhammad VI had been the last ‘Sultan-Caliph’—and fiAbd alMaj ıd’s role as caliph was largely symbolic. That does not mean that it was inconsequential; in fact, there was world-wide distress and outrage among Muslims at the Assembly’s action. As Ali Mérad rightly notes in his excellent new study, it represented ‘an unprecedented cataclysm in the history of the Islamic world’. And he adds, ‘Without the Sultan-Caliph, Istanbul is no longer the ‘Holy See’ of the Islamic world. Can one imagine Rome without the Pope?’ (his italics). As has become ever clearer in the intervening 86 years, the ideal of the caliphate—at once a utopian dream and a fiercely contested legacy—has remained stubbornly alive. The increasing calls in recent years for the restoration of the caliphate may sound quaint and decidedly strange, as well as menacing, especially when voiced by spokesmen for al-Q�fiida. To be sure, most Europeans, and virtually all non-Muslims, have the dimmest notions of ‘the caliphate’. To hear it invoked is as though some faction were to agitate in deadly earnest for the re-establishment of the Holy Roman Empire. And yet, the word has become a kind of code, striking fear because it encapsulates the notion of an Islam both unified and triumphalist. It is one of the chief merits of Professor Mérad’s survey to bring clarity to this shadowy issue. He is well qualified to do so. An emeritus professor at the Sorbonne, he is a leading authority on modern Muslim reform movements, particularly in Algeria, a subject to which he brings a deep familiarity with traditional Islamic thought as well, and especially with Qur√anic exegesis, or tafsır; at the same time, he has been active in Muslim-Christian dialogue and has written a much-admired study of Charles de Foucauld from an Islamic perspective (Charles de Foucauld au regard de l’islam [Le Chalet, 1975]; translated into English as A Christian Hermit in an Islamic World: A Muslim’s View of Charles de Foucauld [Paulist Press, 2000]). His style is concise but 364 BOOK REVIEWS / COMPTES RENDUS lucid, and often elegant; he negotiates complex and even thorny problems—the differing Sunni and Shi√i conceptions of spiritual authority, to mention only the most obvious—without either oversimplification or exaggeration. This evenhandedness is all the more welcome in that, as he demonstrates, the caliphate remains a surprisingly volatile topic. The book’s nine chapters are divided into two roughly equal parts. Part one deals with traditional conceptions of the caliphate from the earliest period. Part two addresses the current situation, including what Professor Mérad calls ‘the caliphal project’ (le projet califal). Along the way he includes helpful charts and time-lines; he has appended a brief but informative glossary, a good bibliography of references in Arabic and English as well as French, and a detailed index. Though Professor Mérad grounds his discussion in Islamic history from its origins up to the twentieth century, this is not a history of the caliphate as such. Rather, it is a history of different conceptions of the institution, beginning with the Prophet himself and continuing into the theoretical works of such classical thinkers as al-M�wardı (d. 450/1058), Ibn Taymıya (d. 728/1328) and Ibn Khaldün (d. 808/1406), among others; this part concludes with a consideration of Imami Shi√ite beliefs. Perhaps because the Shi√a hold to a complex and intricate doctrine of the Imamate, as opposed to the Caliphate (a term...

Design and Analysis on Macro Diversity Scheme for Broadcast Services in Mobile Cellular Systems

Recently, broadcast services are introduced in cellular networks and macro diversity is an effective way to combat fading. In this paper, we propose a kind of distributed space-time block codes (STBCs) for macro diversity which is constructed from the total antennas of multiple cooperating base stations, and all the antennas form an equivalent multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system. This code is termed High-Dimension-Full-Rate-Quasi-Orthogonal STBC (HDFR-QOSTBC) which can be characterized as: (1) It can be applied with any number of transmit antennas especially when the number of transmit antennas is large; (2) The code is with full transmit rate of one; (3) The Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoding complexity of this code is controllable and limited to Nt/2-symbol-decodable for total Nt transmit antennas. Then, we completely analyze the structure of the equivalent channel for the kind of codes and reveal a property that the eigenvectors of the equivalent channel are constant and independent from the channel realization, and this characteristic can be exploited for a new transmission structure with single-symbol linear decoder. Furthermore, we analyze different macro diversity schemes and give a performance comparison. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is practical for the broadcast systems with significant performance improvement comparing with soft-combination and cyclic delay diversity (CDD) methods.

Extracting common design patterns from a set of solid models

In mechanical design, designers often consciously or unconsciously create some engineering-rich local shape structures repeatedly in parts by combining regular design features. Identification of these local structures with high appearance frequencies is helpful for design-rule mining, design feature library customization and model data compression. In this paper, an approach is developed for extracting common local structures as design patterns from a set of B-rep models. Here, B-rep models are first transformed into a representation of Volume Relational Graphs (VRG), in which each volume is generated from a face shell in a boundary partition of a solid along specially selected cutting loops. Then, two kinds of code, Face Shape Code (FSC) and Face Location Code (FLC), are introduced to describe shapes of the volumes. After this, based on equality of the codes between volumes, isomorphic subgraphs among VRGs are identified as design patterns with a greedy search method, whose objective is to find precise expressions in the patterns for the original solid models.

Decoding the code of excellence – for achieving sustainable excellence

PurposeThe purpose of the paper is to elaborate, interpret, discuss and decode excellence in a new way by focusing on some of the critical success factors for attaining and sustaining excellence.Design/methodology/approachThe framework used for analysis is an old text which explains how to attain excellence. Literature references from 2,500 years back and to excellence literature from the last 25 years, together with a few case studies, are used to “de‐code” the meaning and the complexity of the old text.FindingsAfter final reflections it is concluded that the old text contains deep meanings and cover the complex nature of attaining and sustaining excellence. The few sentences are a kind of code, a crystallized form explaining how excellence can be attained.Originality/valueThis kind of analysis has not been done before. It is believed that the findings will have a great value both for researchers and for practitioners as well as organizations which are trying to attain excellence.