Ki-67 Expression In Patients Research Articles

Predicting Early Death in Head and Neck Cancer-A Pilot Study.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate biomarkers and biological characteristics of tumor biopsies from patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) to assess the risk of early death. Furthermore, we analyzed whether any combination of markers could be used for the prognostication of death within six months after cancer diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with HNC, receiving curative treatment decision at a multidisciplinary tumor board meeting, and who died within six months of diagnosis were included in this study. Nine patients who died within six months from diagnosis were identified and matched according to the tumor site and stage to seventeen patients who survived for at least two years. Results: The expression of markers was compared between the early-death patients and survivors. There was significantly higher Ki-67 expression in patients who died within six months than in those surviving for two years, with a mean difference of 21% (p = 0.038). A significant difference in cytoplasmic survivin expression was noted where early-death patients had increased expression compared to the survivors (p = 0.021). Furthermore, the intensity of survivin staining differed between the groups (p = 0.006). Conclusions: The results of this pilot study indicate that Ki67 and survivin could be potential prognostic biomarkers for early death in patients with HNC and possibly included in a panel of prognostic markers of value for treatment decision making.

Role of the Clinical Features and MRI Parameters on Ki-67 Expression in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: Development of a Predictive Nomogram.

To develop a nomogram using clinical features and the MRI parameters for preoperatively predicting the expression of Ki-67 in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). One hundred and forty patients (training cohorts: n = 108; validation cohorts: n = 32) with confirmed HCC were investigated. Mann-Whitney U test, independent sample t-test, and chi-squared test were used to analyze the continuous and categorical variables. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the clinical variables and parameters from MRI associated with Ki-67 expression. As a result, a nomogram was developed based on these associations in patients with HCC. The performance of the nomogram was evaluated using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) and calibration curves. In the training set, multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP-L3) levels, protein induced by vitamin K absence or antagonist-II (PIVKA-II) levels, and tumor shape were independent predictors for Ki-67 expression (p < 0.05). These three variables and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value were used to establish a nomogram, while the ADC value was found to be a marginal significant predictor. The model demonstrated a strong ability to discriminate Ki-67 expression in both the training and validation cohorts (AUC = 0.862, 0.877). A non-invasive preoperative prediction method, which incorporates MRI variables and clinical features was developed, and showed effectiveness in evaluating Ki-67 expression in HCC patients.

KI-67 as a predictive indicator of papillary thyroid cancer in Iraqi patients.

KI-67 (MKI-67 in humans) is a protein able to bind to DNA which contributes to cell growth and cell proliferation. KI-67 is currently considered as a biomarker that is widely utilized as prognostic indicator for evaluating cell proliferation, diagnosing diseases, and conducting research. Several different kinds of cancer have high Ki-67 expression, which simplifying the choice of treatment for individuals with various cancer types. The objective was to evaluate the expression of KI67 in patients suffering papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) also the association between patients age and gender and KI67 expression. To undertake an in-depth investigation of KI67 in malignant and normal tissues, we used thyroid tissue sections to analyze KI67 expression in 70 samples, 50 different PTC (44 female and 6 male), and 20 normal types (10 for each gender). Each group's average age is between 20 and 60. The analysis of the data revealed a substantial difference in the expression of ki67 between the patients and control groups. Ki67 expression and either gender or age did not significantly correlate. This study suggest that KI67 may be a crucial marker for assessing the aggressiveness of tumors and inflammatory diseases.

Prediction of ki67 expression in patients with hepatocellular Carcinoma based on contra-enhanced ct radiomics

Prediction of ki67 expression in patients with hepatocellular Carcinoma based on contra-enhanced ct radiomics

Association of the expression of Bcl-2 and Ki-67 prognostic markers and apoptotic index with biological behaviour in aggressive and non-aggressive non-melanoma eyelid skin cancer.

Prognostic biomarkers facilitate the identification of high-risk tumours. To evaluate the association of Bcl-2 protein and Ki-67 antigen expression and the apoptotic index with biological behaviour of non-melanoma eyelid tumours. Combined analysis of retrospective and prospective study of data from two centres over a period from 2008 to 2023 on histologically confirmed malignant non-melanoma eyelid tumours without any age limitation. Selected prognostic markers related to the aggressive or non-aggressive tumour types were evaluated. The study cohort included 68 patients with 70 non-melanoma eyelid tumours (n = 70). The basal cell carcinoma was the most frequently present type (97.1%). The median age was 68 years. A tumour size > 5 mm correlates to the aggressive type (p = 0.047). Resection margins < 2 mm were in 33.9%, without any connection to the recurrence rate (p = 0.076). The average value of Bcl-2 expression in non-aggressive types was 82.65% (p < 0.001). The value of Ki-67 expression in patients with non-aggressive tumours was 35.49% (p = 0.068). Non-aggressive tumours most frequently exhibited the apoptotic index of Grade I (p = 0.535). No Grade III case was observed in the aggressive types. In 2 cases, the orbital exenteration was carried out (0.03%). In 1 case biological therapy was administered. HDR brachytherapy was applied in 6 cases. A recurrence of the disease was observed in 4 (0.06%) cases. New information on cancer biomarkers in non-melanoma eyelid skin carcinoma contributes to choosing a correct therapy with achieving good aesthetic results and a good survival rate.

Evaluation of cleaved caspase-3 and Ki-67 index on diagnostic biopsy in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the context of post-treatment tumour ypT stage, ypN stage, grade, and molecular subtype.

Breast carcinoma is a heterogeneous disease, characterised by diverse clinical behaviour. The aim of this study was to assess how cleaved caspase-3 and Ki-67 index, evaluated on diagnostic biopsy, are related to response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the context of molecular subtype, post-treatment tumour, N category, and grade. A retrospective analysis was carried out among 110 breast cancer patients. Ki-67 levels and caspase-3 expression on diagnostic biopsy were explored regarding their relation to tumour grade and molecular subtype, ypT, ypN categories, and T and N categories according to Sataloff tumour response evaluation. A statistically significant relationship was found between Ki-67 levels and tumour grade K-W = 24.2932, p < 0.0001; molecular subtype K-W = 28.5439, p < 0.00000967538; size and invasion of the primary tumour after neoadjuvant chemotherapy K-W = 11.7944, p < 0.0377169; caspase-3 expression after neoadjuvant therapy, evaluated according to the Sataloff classification χ2 = 5.97, df = 1, p = 0.0145. No significant difference was found between Ki-67 expression in patients with pathological complete response, compared to those with partial and no response, a statistically significant difference in cases with different molecular subtype, histology grade, and tumour stage after neoadjuvant therapy. Cleaved caspase-3-positive breast cancer cases are often better responders to neoadjuvant therapy, but with no significant correlation to molecular subtype, high-grade categories, or tumour stage. The caspase-3 and Ki-67 index on diagnostic biopsy are related to post-neoadjuvant treatment prognostic factors (ypT stage, grade), proving them useful for prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant therapy and further patient management.

The Clinical Value of Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of Readout Segmentation of Long Variable Echo Trains and Correlation With Ki-67 Expression in Distal Rectal Cancer.

The aim of the study is to explore the clinical value of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) derived from the readout segmentation of long variable echo trains (RESOLVE) technique for identifying clinicopathologic features of distal rectal cancer and correlations between ADC and Ki-67 expression. The data of 112 patients with a proven pathology of distal rectal cancer who underwent preoperative magnetic resonance imaging were retrospectively analyzed. The mean ADC value was measured using the "full-layer and center" method. Differences in ADC values and Ki-67 expression in different clinical stages, pathological types, and tumor differentiation were compared using analysis of variance. Correlations between ADC value and clinicopathologic features were assessed using Spearman correlation analysis. Interobserver agreement of confidence levels from 2 radiologists was excellent for ADC measurement ( k = 0.85). Patients with a lower clinical stage, well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, and a higher possibility of mucinous adenocarcinoma exhibited a positive correlation with higher ADC values, but these factors were negatively correlated with Ki-67 expression (all P < 0.05). We found that ADC value was negatively correlated with Ki-67 expression ( r = -0.62, P < 0.001). The ADC value generated by RESOLVE sequences was significantly associated with clinicopathologic features and Ki-67 expression in patients with distal rectal cancer in this study. Thus, the ADC value could be considered a new noninvasive imaging biomarker that could be helpful in predicting the biological properties of distal rectal cancer.

A novel radiomics based on multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging for predicting Ki-67 expression in rectal cancer: a multicenter study

BackgroundTo explore the value of multiparametric MRI markers for preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression among patients with rectal cancer.MethodsData from 259 patients with postoperative pathological confirmation of rectal adenocarcinoma who had received enhanced MRI and Ki-67 detection was divided into 4 cohorts: training (139 cases), internal validation (in-valid, 60 cases), and external validation (ex-valid, 60 cases) cohorts. The patients were divided into low and high Ki-67 expression groups. In the training cohort, DWI, T2WI, and contrast enhancement T1WI (CE-T1) sequence radiomics features were extracted from MRI images. Radiomics marker scores and regression coefficient were then calculated for data fitting to construct a radscore model. Subsequently, clinical features with statistical significance were selected to construct a combined model for preoperative individualized prediction of rectal cancer Ki-67 expression. The models were internally and externally validated, and the AUC of each model was calculated. Calibration and decision curves were used to evaluate the clinical practicality of nomograms.ResultsThree models for predicting rectal cancer Ki-67 expression were constructed. The AUC and Delong test results revealed that the combined model had better prediction performance than other models in three chohrts. A decision curve analysis revealed that the nomogram based on the combined model had relatively good clinical performance, which can be an intuitive prediction tool for clinicians.ConclusionThe multiparametric MRI radiomics model can provide a noninvasive and accurate auxiliary tool for preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression in patients with rectal cancer and can support clinical decision-making.

Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics model based on abdominal ultrasound for predicting Ki-67 expression in patients with hepatocellular cancer.

Hepatocellular cancer (HCC) is one of the most common tumors worldwide, and Ki-67 is highly important in the assessment of HCC. Our study aimed to evaluate the value of ultrasound radiomics based on intratumoral and peritumoral tissues in predicting Ki-67 expression levels in patients with HCC. We conducted a retrospective analysis of ultrasonic and clinical data from 118 patients diagnosed with HCC through histopathological examination of surgical specimens in our hospital between September 2019 and January 2023. Radiomics features were extracted from ultrasound images of both intratumoral and peritumoral regions. To select the optimal features, we utilized the t-test and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). We compared the area under the curve (AUC) values to determine the most effective modeling method. Subsequently, we developed four models: the intratumoral model, the peritumoral model, combined model #1, and combined model #2. Of the 118 patients, 64 were confirmed to have high Ki-67 expression while 54 were confirmed to have low Ki-67 expression. The AUC of the intratumoral model was 0.796 (0.649-0.942), and the AUC of the peritumoral model was 0.772 (0.619-0.926). Furthermore, combined model#1 yielded an AUC of 0.870 (0.751-0.989), and the AUC of combined model#2 was 0.762 (0.605-0.918). Among these models, combined model#1 showed the best performance in terms of AUC, accuracy, F1-score, and decision curve analysis (DCA). We presented an ultrasound radiomics model that utilizes both intratumoral and peritumoral tissue information to accurately predict Ki-67 expression in HCC patients. We believe that incorporating both regions in a proper manner can enhance the diagnostic performance of the prediction model. Nevertheless, it is not sufficient to include both regions in the region of interest (ROI) without careful consideration.

Quantitative parameters in novel spectral computed tomography: Assessment of Ki-67 expression in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma.

The level of Ki-67 expression has served as a prognostic factor in gastric cancer. The quantitative parameters based on the novel dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography (DLSDCT) in discriminating the Ki-67 expression status are unclear. To investigate the diagnostic ability of DLSDCT-derived parameters for Ki-67 expression status in gastric carcinoma (GC). Dual-phase enhanced abdominal DLSDCT was performed preoperatively in 108 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma. Primary tumor monoenergetic CT attenuation value at 40-100 kilo electron volt (kev), the slope of the spectral curve (λHU), iodine concentration (IC), normalized IC (nIC), effective atomic number (Zeff) and normalized Zeff (nZeff) in the arterial phase (AP) and venous phase (VP) were retrospectively compared between patients with low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to analyze the association between the above parameters and Ki-67 expression status. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to compare the diagnostic efficacy of the statistically significant parameters between two groups. Thirty-seven and 71 patients were classified as having low and high Ki-67 expression, respectively. CT40 kev-VP, CT70 kev-VP, CT100 kev-VP, and Zeff-related parameters were significantly higher, but IC-related parameters were lower in the group with low Ki-67 expression status than the group with high Ki-67 expression status, and other analyzed parameters showed no statistical difference between the two groups. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that CT40 kev-VP, CT70 kev-VP, CT100 kev-VP, Zeff, and nZeff exhibited a negative correlation with Ki-67 status, whereas IC and nIC had positive correlation with Ki-67 status. The ROC analysis demonstrated that the multi-variable model of spectral parameters performed well in identifying the Ki-67 status [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.967; sensitivity 95.77%; specificity 91.89%)]. Nevertheless, the differentiating capabilities of single-variable model were moderate (AUC value 0.630 - 0.835). In addition, the nZeff VP and nICVP (AUC 0.835 and 0.805) showed better performance than CT40 kev-VP, CT70 kev-VP and CT100 kev-VP (AUC 0.630, 0.631 and 0.662) in discriminating the Ki-67 status. Quantitative spectral parameters are feasible to distinguish low and high Ki-67 expression in gastric adenocarcinoma. Zeff and IC may be useful parameters for evaluating the Ki-67 expression.

Quantitative parameters in novel spectral computed tomography: Assessment of Ki-67 expression in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma

Quantitative parameters in novel spectral computed tomography: Assessment of Ki-67 expression in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma

Prediction of the Ki-67 marker index in hepatocellular carcinoma based on Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography with Sonazoid

BackgroundKi-67 is widely used as a proliferative and prognostic factor in HCC. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (DCE-US) parameters and Ki-67 expression.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients with histopathologically confirmed HCC who underwent DCE-US were included in this prospective study. Patients were classified according to the Ki-67 marker index into low Ki-67 (< 10%) (n = 84) and high Ki-67 (≥ 10%) groups (n = 36). Quantitative perfusion parameters were obtained and analyzed.ResultsClinicopathological features (pathological grade and microvascular invasion) were significantly different between the high and low Ki-67 expression groups (p = 0.029 and p = 0.020, respectively). In the high Ki-67 expression group, the peak energy (PE) in the arterial phase and fall time (FT) were significantly different between the HCC lesions and distal liver parenchyma (p = 0.016 and p = 0.025, respectively). PE in the Kupffer phase was significantly different between the HCC lesions and the distal liver parenchyma in the low Ki-67 expression group (p = 0.029). The difference in PE in the Kupffer phase between HCC lesions and distal liver parenchyma was significantly different between the high and low Ki-67 expression groups (p = 0.045). The difference in PE in the Kupffer phase between HCC lesions and distal liver parenchyma < − 4.0 × 107 a.u. may contribute to a more accurate diagnosis of the high Ki-67 expression group, and the sensitivity and specificity were 82.9% and 38.7%, respectively.ConclusionsThe DCE-US parameters have potential as biomarkers for predicting Ki-67 expression in patients with HCC.

Nomogram based on MRI for preoperative prediction of Ki-67 expression in patients with intrahepatic mass cholangiocarcinoma

ObjectivesTo validate a new nomogram based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pre-operative prediction of Ki-67 expression in patients with intrahepatic mass cholangiocarcinoma (IMCC).MethodsA total of 78 patients with clinicopathologically confirmed IMCC who underwent pre-operative gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid enhanced MRI between 2016 and 2022 were enrolled in the training and validation group (53 patients and 25 patients, respectively). Images including qualitative, quantitative MRI features and clinical data were evaluated. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used to select the independent predictors and establish different predictive models. The predictive performance was validated by operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis, calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA). The validation cohort was used to test the predictive performance of the optimal model. The nomogram was constructed with the optimal model.ResultsIn the training cohort, independent predictors obtained from the combined model were DWI (OR 1822.741; 95% CI 6.189, 536,781.805; P = 0.01) and HBP enhancement pattern (OR 14.270; 95% CI 1.044, 195.039; P = 0.046). The combined model showed the good performance (AUC 0.981; 95% CI 0.952, 1.000) for predicting Ki-67 expression. In the validation cohort, The combined model (AUC 0.909; 95% CI 0.787, 1.000)showed the best performance compared to the clinical model (AUC 0.448; 95% CI 0.196, 0.700) and MRI model (AUC 0.770; 95% CI 0.570, 0.970).ConclusionThis new nomogram has a good performance in predicting Ki-67 expression in patients with IMCC, which could help the decision-making of the patients’ therapy strategies.Graphical abstract

Application of dual-energy computed tomography in preoperative evaluation of Ki-67 expression levels in solid non-small cell lung cancer.

To investigate whether there were significant differences in dual-energy CT (DECT) in reflecting different quantitative parameters among different levels of Ki-67 expression in patients with solid non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The diagnosis performance of DECT in patients with solid lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) among NSCLC was further discusses. Two hundred fifteen patients confirmed with solid NSCLC were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively in this study. 148 patients were confirmed with LAC among all patients. Three expression levels of Ki-67 were determined by the percentage of Ki-67 positive cancer cells with immunohistochemistry: high-level group (>30%), middle-level group (10%–30%), and low-level group (≤10%). And the latter two levels also known as non-high-level group. The quantitative parameters of enhanced chest DECT (venous phase, VP), including iodine concentration (IC), water concentration (WC), CT value at 40 keV (CT40keV), the slope of energy spectral attenuation curve (λHU) and normalized iodine concentration (NIC) were measured and calculated by gemstone spectral imaging Viewer software. One-way ANOVA was used for the comparison of normal distribution DECT parameters between three levels for patients with NSCLC and patients with LAC. Non-normal distribution data were tested by non-parametric test. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic curve of statistically significant DECT parameters was drawn to distinguish the non-high-level and the high-level of Ki-67. Area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity was calculated to measure the diagnostic performance of parameter. Both in solid NSCLC and LAC, the IC, NIC, WC, λHU and CT40keV at VP in the high-level group were significantly lower than those in the middle- and low-level group respectively, and the WC at VP in the high-level group was significantly higher than that in the middle- and low-level group respectively (all P < .05). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that IC and λHU at VP performed better in distinguishing the high-level and the non-high-level of Ki-67 (NSCLC: AUC = 0.713 and 0.714 respectively; LAC: AUC = 0.705 and 0.706 respectively). Quantitative parameters of DECT provide a new non-invasive method for evaluating the proliferation of cancer cells in solid NSCLC and LAC.

Clinical significance of CD34, podoplanin and Ki-67 expression in patients with locally advanced squamous cell cervical carcinoma

The aim of the study was to assess immunohistochemical CD34, podoplanin and Ki-67 expression in cervical tumour of patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) staged IIB and IIIB, a relationship with selected clinical and histological parameters and its prognostic significance. This prospective study included 52 patients. Microvessel density (MVD) by CD34, lymphatic vessel density (LVD) by podoplanin and the Ki-67 index in specimens from paraffin blocks with cervical SCC tissues were examined. The relationship between these data and selected clinical and histological parameters was analysed. Positive correlation of MVD and the Ki-67 index was observed. No correlation was observed for MVD, LVD and the Ki-67 index in the tumour with staging, grading, length of treatment and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) concentration before and after treatment. The expression of MVD, LVD and the Ki-67 index in cervical SCC did not contribute to the risk of relapse and cancer-related death. No relationship was found for MVD, LVD and the Ki-67 index in cervical tumour of patients with locally advanced cervical SCC with staging, grading and serum SCC-Ag level. MVD, LVD and the Ki-67 index in the tumour did not contribute to the risk of relapse or cervical SCC-related death. Impact Statement What is already known on this subject? In many patients, invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is diagnosed in a locally advanced stage, when the prognosis depends on many well-known factors connected with tumour biology, staging and general condition of the patient. Despite numerous studies, the value of immunohistochemical CD34, podoplanin and Ki-67 expression in cervical tumour of these patients is still not well defined. What do the results of this study add? In our prospective study, no relationship for microvessel density (MVD), lymphatic vessel density (LVD) and the Ki-67 index in cervical tumour of patients with locally advanced cervical SCC with staging, grading and serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) level was found. Additionally, MVD, LVD and the Ki-67 index in the tumour did not contribute to the risk of relapse or cervical SCC-related death. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Our study underlines the limited value of immunohistochemical CD34, podoplanin and Ki-67 expression in cervical tumour of patients with locally advanced cervical SCC. Further research should be focussed on identifying and validating novel prognostic and predictive factors.

Clinicopathological characteristics of peripheral clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma with high Ki-67 expression.

BackgroundHigh Ki-67 expression is associated with poor prognosis in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). However, there are few studies on the associations between clinicopathological features and Ki-67 proliferation index (PI). The study aimed to explore the clinicopathological characteristics of peripheral clinical stage IA LUAD with high Ki-67 expression.MethodsA case-control study was carried out in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2017 to December 2018. The clinicopathological features of patients were reviewed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to analyze the association between clinicopathological characteristics and high Ki-67 expression.ResultsThree hundred and seventy-six patients were finally enrolled in the study. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that males sex (OR =2.23, 95% CI: 1.30–3.83, P=0.004), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) positivity (OR =3.25, 95% CI: 1.44–7.33, P=0.005), several imaging features such as notch positivity (OR =2.55, 95% CI: 1.18–5.51, P=0.017), vascular convergence (OR =3.04, 95% CI: 1.03–8.95, P=0.044), and consolidation/tumor ratio (CTR) (OR =1.03, 95% CI: 1.02–1.04, P<0.001) were significantly associated with high Ki-67 expression. The area under curve of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for CTR was 0.813 (95% CI: 0.768–0.858, P<0.001). When cutoff value was 72.5%, the sensitivity and specificity were 80.5% and 76.3%, respectively.ConclusionsMale sex, CEA positivity, notch positivity, vascular convergence, and CTR were significantly associated with high Ki-67 expression in patients with peripheral clinical stage IA LUAD. These findings could be used to assist clinical decision-making and prognostic evaluation.

Immunohistochemical study of ER, PR, p53 and Ki67 expression in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma and atypical endometrial hyperplasia

To study Immunohistochemistry pattern of ER, PR, p53 and Ki67 expression in patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma (EC) and endometrial hyperplasia. A retrospective study of 78 cases were studied for a period of 02 year from June 2018 to May 2020, where in the clinical data included age, presenting complaints, menopausal status, history of hormonal treatment, ultrasound examination.Histopathological parameters were analysed as per WHO 2014 classification of endometrial hyperplasia into typical and atypical endometrial hyperplasia / Endometrial Intraepithelial Neoplasia (EIN) and endometrial carcinoma. ER, PR, p53 and Ki 67 IHC markers were done on cases diagnosed as endometrial adenocarcinoma and endometrial hyperplasia. Among 78 cases, there were 20 cases of EC and 58 cases of endometrial hyperplasia. EC was most commonly seen in sixth to seventh decade and hyperplasia was seen in fourth to fifth decade .There were 11 surgical specimens and 09 biopsies of EC. Out of total 20 cases, there were 17 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma and 03 cases were of papillary serous adenocarcinoma.ER, PR expression was seen in 10 cases of grade 1 endometrial carcinomas and 5 cases of grade 2 EC. p53 expression was seen in 01 case of grade 1 EC and 03 cases grade 3 EC. ER, PR, p53 all were negative in one case. Ki67 was &amp;#60;10% in 11 cases, between 10-20% in 5 cases and &amp;#62;20% in 04 cases. We followed up 15 out of 20 cases, out of which only 01 patient died of disease who was grade 1 endometrial carcinoma. Rest 14 had progression free survival (PFS) till date.All 58 cases of endometrial hyperplasia were reclassified complex and simple hyperplasia to typical and atypical hyperplasia (as per WHO Classification 2014). Out of 58 cases, 56 cases were typical hyperplasia and 02 cases atypical hyperplasia. ER, PR expression was positive in all the cases of typical and atypical hyperplasia. p53 expression was absent in typical and atypical hyperplasia with low Ki 67 index (&amp;#60;10%). High ER, PR expression along with low p53 was seen in type 1 endometrial carcinomas compared to low or absent ER, PR along with strong p53 expression in papillary serous carcinoma (Type 2). The expression of ER, PR was high in typical hyperplasia as against high p53 expression observed in atypical hyperplasia.

Ki67 expression at Kasai portoenterostomy as a prognostic factor in patients with biliary atresia.

BackgroundBiliary atresia is a rare paediatric biliary obliteration disease with unknown aetiology, and is the most common indication for paediatric liver transplantation (LT). However, no consensus for predicting Kasai portoenterostomy (KP) outcomes using liver histological findings exists. Ki67 is a popular biomarker for measuring and monitoring cellular proliferation.MethodsKi67 (clone, MIB‐1) liver parenchyma expression was measured by immunohistochemical staining of samples from living donors and patients with biliary atresia to assess its value in predicting outcomes after KP.ResultsOf 35 children with biliary atresia, 13 were native liver survivors (NLS), 17 were non‐NLS, and five had primary LT. The median proportion of Ki67 immunostained areas in donors and patients with biliary atresia at KP was 0·06 and 0·99 per cent respectively. Univariable analysis identified a high proportion of Ki67 areas, high Ki67 cell numbers and high Ki67‐positive/leucocyte common antigen‐positive cell numbers at KP as significant predictors of poor native liver survival after KP (hazard ratio 9·29, 3·37 and 12·17 respectively). The proportion of Ki67 areas in the non‐NLS group was significantly higher than that in the NLS group (1·29 versus 0·72 per cent respectively; P = 0·001), and then decreased at LT (0·32 per cent versus 1·29 per cent at KP; P < 0·001).ConclusionThis study has demonstrated the clinical data and time course of Ki67 expression in patients with biliary atresia. High Ki67 expression at KP may be an important predictor of native liver survival following the procedure.

Ki-67 Expression in Breast Cancer, Its Correlation with ER, PR and Other Prognostic Factors in Nineveh Province

Objectives: The aggressiveness of malignant tumors of breast can be correlated with the proliferation of neoplastic cells, and this detected by immunohistochemical study of proliferative index (Ki-67). American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) does not recommend the use of Ki-67 routinely to predict the outcome of breast cancers, therefore the aim of current study is to detect the expression of Ki-67 in patients with primary breast cancer in Nineveh Province/North of Iraq and to correlate it with estrogen and progesterone receptors in addition to other prognostic factors. Methods: In this retrospective-case series study eighty cases of histologically proven primary breast carcinomas were included. The cases were collected from hospitals and private laboratories in Nineveh Province / North of Iraq and studied Immunohistochemicaly for Ki-67, estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) were done on tissue sections embedded in paraffin wax. An area with the maximum proliferation was chosen to evaluate Ki-67 and the cases with ≥20% positive nuclei were considered as high Ki-67 expression while those with <20% positive nuclei were considered as low Ki-67 expression.(10-14). The findings of Ki-67 were correlated with the age of the patients, histological type, grade of the tumors and with the estrogen and progesterone receptors. Results: The Ki-67 immunoreactivity was highly expressed in (45%) of the cases. Estrogen and progesterone receptors observed in (77.5%) and (67.5%) of the cases respectively. The Ki-67 was significantly associated with grade of tumor, estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor (P= 0.0057, 0.037 and 0.006 respectively). While the association with patientsˈage and histological types were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Ki-67 expression shows a significant direct correlation with grade of tumors and a significant inverse correlation has been shown with a well-known predictive factors, (estrogen and progesterone receptors).

Expression of ER, PgR, HER-2, and Ki-67 in core biopsies and in definitive histological specimens in patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Many studies have indicated that the response to therapy and the prognostic impact of a pathologic complete response after neoadjuvant treatment differ among breast cancer subtypes. The aim of our study is to evaluate the effect of this treatment on the expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors, human epidermal growth hormone receptor 2 and Ki67 in breast cancer. We identified 125 patients. The estrogen receptor modified its expression from positive to negative in 8% patients and from negative to positive in 22%; progesterone in 21% and in 37% cases. Median Ki-67 value was 20.9% at biopsy and 18% after, HER-2 status did not show a remarkable change before or after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). We have identified a significant reduction in Ki-67 expression levels after chemotherapy in patients with a pathologic response. Detection of pretreatment Ki-67 could identify patients most likely to benefit from NACT. NACT can change the status of ER, PgR, and Ki-67 expression in patients with breast adenocarcinoma, but it did not exert a significant effect on HER-2 status; HER-2 amplification appears to be more stable. We have identified a prognostic role for a decreased expression of PgR and Ki-67 after preoperative chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.