Kharkiv National University Research Articles

Review of the collection of underwings Catocala Schrank, 1802 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Erebinae: Catocalini) of the Museum of Nature of the V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University

A complete annotated list of the underwings Catocala Schrank, 1802 (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Erebinae: Catocalini) of the lepidopterological collection of the Museum of Nature of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University is provided. In general, the Museum’s collection of underwings consists of 603 specimens of 48 species collected over the past 140 years in Ukraine and several other countries, mainly in the territory of the former USSR. Among them, Catocala lesbia Christoph, 1887 recorded for the first time in Armenia, C. afghana Swinhoe, 1885 — in Uzbekistan, and C. conversa (Esper, 1783) — in Kharkiv Region of Ukraine. At the same time, several species presented in the collection are generally little-known, locally distributed and rare

Social work in Ukraine: development trends and problems before and during the war with Russia

The article is devoted to the analysis of development trends and problems of social work in Ukraine before and during the war with Russia. Using the method of historical analogy, the author examines the main trends and problems of the development of social work in Ukraine. Poland was chosen as a country that is culturally, historically, politically, economically and socially close to Ukraine. The article notes that there is a certain lag between the passage of the main stages in the development of social work in Ukraine and Poland. As the main trends in the development of social work in Ukraine before the start of military aggression by Russia, the article highlights the development of integrated social services and social work in communities, the establishment of effective professional training of social workers for work in local social services, etc. The main problems of pre-war social work include the lack of personnel for social agencies, the low level of prestige and wages of social workers compared to representatives of other professions, the lagging of formal education systems from the needs of professional activity, etc. Russia's military aggression made certain adjustments to social work in Ukraine and Poland. According to the results of the interview of managers and leading specialists of social agencies of the city of Kharkiv, as well as Sumy, Poltava and Dnipropetrovsk regions, which was conducted by the Department of Sociology of Management and Social Work of the School of Sociology of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University in November 2022, the main problems of activities of social workers in Ukraine are the absence of generally safe working conditions, as well as the absence of conditions for the performance of their official duties, insufficient personnel and/or their overload. In Poland, however, there were problems with establishing communication with forcibly displaced persons, it was also actualized the practices of providing psychological assistance to war victims, the workload of the personnel of social agencies increased significantly and others. The article concludes that the war with Russia and the problems in the activities of social agencies in Ukraine, to which it led, became a significant challenge for social work, capable to change the trends of its development

Six days of study. The way to reduce the efficiency of the educational process

This article is about the impact of a four-day, five-day, six-day school week on the productivity and academic achievement of students, as well as their morale. We considered such extremely important components of education, for example, as study time and effort, which affects the process of reflection, and therefore these components determine how well and deeply a student will assimilate the knowledge acquired at the university. As part of the research, a survey was also conducted, in which 165 students from various faculties of the V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Respondents expressed their judgments about the six-day school week, its impact on their productivity, physical, neuropsychological and moral-emotional state. We conducted an analysis of previous works and determined that academic success does not depend on the amount of study time spent on study, but on the contrary, this process is related to motivation, good mood, neuropsychological state, degrees of fatigue and the ability to rest. We also did not ignore the aspect of anxiety, so we interviewed students about this phenomenon. 62% of respondents noted that with the beginning of the six-day study at the university, the level of anxiety increased significantly. Which certainly has a negative impact on the academic performance of students, as well as directly on the learning process.

Soft skills: analysis of development in higher education acquires and ways of implementation in the educational process

Formulation of the problem. In recent years, the concept of «soft skills» has become an integral part of the global labor market in various sectors of the economy and society. International and national studies confirm the importance of universal skills, which are called «21st century skills». However, in practice, higher education institutions cannot always create conditions for their comprehensive development. Therefore, one of the main tasks of training students of higher education in modern conditions is to find ways for targeted and systematic development of soft skills. The purpose of the article is to assess the degree of development of soft skills of higher education students in the educational process and to justify the pedagogical conditions that can contribute to increasing the efficiency of their development. The results. The study of the degree of development of the sought-after soft skills of higher education students in the educational process was carried out using a developed questionnaire in Google Form. The questions were formulated so that students, based on their own opinion, determined the degree of development in the educational process of each of the proposed soft skills on a 10-point scale. Students of 1-6 years of study of V.N. Kharkiv National University took part in the survey. Karazina (87 people). The results of the conducted empirical research confirm the need for purposeful and systematic development of soft skills demanded by the modern labor market of higher education graduates. According to the students, such soft skills as stress resistance and flexibility, critical thinking, emotional intelligence and communication skills need the greatest development. Pedagogical conditions and prospects for the development of soft skills are related to the end-to-end implementation of complex measures in the educational process: filling normative educational disciplines with a clear theoretical and practical context for the development of soft skills; transformation of teaching, shift of emphasis towards innovative methods and forms of education, which contain potential opportunities for the development of universal competences of higher education seekers; deep awareness by teachers of their mission in the development of the required soft skills of students; introduction of interfaculty and optional disciplines such as «Soft skills - the formula for success», starting from the first year of study, which will gradually expand the range of universal competencies of the future specialist; introduction of soft skills by conducting mandatory trainings with students; the organization of a summer school that will specialize in the development of students’ soft skills, where in a relaxed atmosphere under the guidance of professional psychologists, coaches and other specialists, students will be able to acquire modern knowledge and the necessary skills. Conclusions. The obtained results confirmed our assumption that the educational space contributes to the development of soft skills among students of higher education in a fragmentary, «spot» way. The path to the systematic and planned introduction of soft skills in the educational space is very difficult and so far takes place at the level of individual disciplines. Therefore, there is a need for a comprehensive policy in this field. Pedagogical conditions and prospects for the development of soft skills are related to the end-to-end implementation of the proposed comprehensive measures in the educational process, which, in our opinion, will be able to provide high-quality training of specialists capable of acting in non-standard situations, making quick decisions, ready for self-improvement, positive communication and a healthy response to challenges society.

МОВНА ОСОБИСТІCТЬ ІВАНА СВІТЛИЧНОГО КРІЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЕПІСТОЛЯРІЮ: ПСИХОЛІНГВІСТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ

The aim of the study. By means of the epistolary, namely through selected pages of correspondence with friends and colleagues in Ukraine and the Diaspora, to describe the fi gure of I. Svitlychny – poet, translator, subtle connoisseur of the word. Research methods. The article describes the descriptive, functional-stylistic method used, a comparative analysis of Ivan Svitlychny’s epistolary text and the memoirs of his associates. The peculiarity of such methods is to perceive the in-tegrity of the text (textual semantics) and to explain the coherence of the material (the meaning of the text), the task of which is to reveal the intrathecal features of the epistolary of a famous dissident. The study of extralinguistic intentions of the represented text of Ivan Svetlichny is involved in the method of discourse analysis, which sheds light on the external factors that infl uence the cognitive component of the verbal picture of the individual style of the writer. Ivan Svitlychny’s epis-tolary creativity concentrates important social, moral, ethical ideals of modernity, reveals depth of thinking, sharpness of worldview, ability to skillfully reveal the inner world of man. The artistic perfection of individual speech, the aesthetic taste are manifested in the choice of lexical means of expression The Dictionary of I. Svitlychnyk’s language contains a considerable amount of expressive vocabulary, which is used as a stylistic attribute of individual style. One of the decisive fac-tors infl uencing the functioning of special forms in epistolary text is the individual author’s style, the general concept and the ideological and aesthetic orientation of the writer’s work. The study of I. Svetlichny’s letters makes it possible to consider the whole use of lexical means as a single stylistic complex, formed not only by objectively defi ned properties of words, but also by their subjective authorial in terpretation, which is an essential aspect in the context analysis. So, analyzing the process of personality formation of I. Svitlychny, we can distinguish the following factors that determined the linguistic and psychological features of the writer and scientist’s linguistic creation: comprehensive erudition, high education, studying at the Kharkiv University, postgraduate studies of the Institute of Literature of NAS of Ukraine; communication with peasants, workers, repressed; long-term edito-rial activity; natural linguistic sense and intuition, individual-language practice in four styles (artistic, scientifi c, journalistic, epistolary); editing and refi ning the Dictionary of Synonyms of the Ukrainian Language; participation in the socio-political dissident current of the Sixties

Professional burnout of social work experts under the conditions of the marital law

The article examines one of the acute problems in the activities of social work specialists - the syndrome of professional burnout. Attention is focused on determining its negative consequences for the personality of the specialist, organization and clients of social work. The increase in the manifestations of burnout under the influence of a complex of external factors is substantiated (a large flow of new obligations, information and action algorithms that change, an increase in the number of clients, work under constant stress and fear for one's own life and the lives of loved ones, etc.). Based on the analysis of the results of the empirical research (structured interviews conducted with heads of social services, public organizations and charitable foundations within the scientific topic of the Department of Sociology of Management and Social Work of Kharkiv National University named after V. N. Karazin «Actual directions of management of social services»), the characteristics of the manifestations of the syndrome of professional burnout of social workers during the period of martial law in Ukraine are determined: 1) increased workload on employees, 2) psychological overload, 3) increased stress due to military actions, 4) decreased motivation. The authors of the article consider the methods and programs of prevention and overcoming the negative consequences of the syndrome of professional burnout of specialists as a component of the organization's management and the manager's managerial task. Common practices for preventing emotional burnout in organizations are analyzed: supervision, self-management skills, stress resistance and recovery after psychological shocks, etc. By applying the method of content analysis of the materials of the public organizations sites, programs and projects aimed at providing assistance to specialists in social work were characterized. The article concludes about the need to develop own special programs in organizations and use external resources to provide the necessary support, training and preservation of the health and emotional balance of specialists, which should remain a priority task for the manager.

Byzantine Studies in dissertations produced by Ukrainian scholars, 2012–2022 (Historical Sciences)

The article reviews the dissertations on Byzantine studies, which have been defended in Ukraine over the past decade in historical specialties within the field of “historical sciences”. Byzantine studies in Ukraine, as in previous periods, continue to develop in institutional centers, among which are V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, M. S. Grushevsky Institute of Ukrainian Archeography and Source Studies NASU, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, National Reserve “Sophia of Kyiv”, I. I. Mechnikov Odessa National University etc. The range of dissertations of an interdisciplinary nature is expanding, in particular, historical, theological, historical and philosophical topics are gaining popularity, and art criticism and musicology are becoming popular. The review identifies the reasons for the reduction in the number of defended dissertations in Byzantine studies during 2012–2022 in the comparison to previous periods. However, the studies presented in the review are original, based on the latest methods and achievements of world science, and they also determine further vectors of the development of Ukrainian Byzantine studies in the near future.

The story of three letters. Spiritual relay of the generations. V. N. Karazin – E. I. Koltunovsky – M. F. Sumtsov

Goal: based on private letters of V.N.Karazin to E.I. Koltunovsky, published by M.F. Sumtsov, supplement the biography of M.F. Sumtsov, investigate his origin, influence on the formation of his scientific views E.I. Koltunovsky, supplement the biography of V.N. Karazin with little-known facts of the latter year of his life in Kharkov, to introduce the reader to the figure of the talented artist E. I. Koltunovsky, once famous in Kharkov, the author of the only portrait of V. N. Karazin in his old age. Research methodology: the principles of historicism and objectivity, embodied by the application of special historical methods - chronological and retrospective. Scientific novelty.For the first time, information about the family of M. F. Sumtsov's mother is published, the family and scientific connections of M. F. Sumtsov with E. I. Koltunovsky are investigated, the biography of V. N. Karazin is supplemented with the facts of the last year of his stay in Kharkov, brief information about of the talented icon painter E. I. Koltunovskyi and his contribution to the creation of the cultural face of Kharkiv, traced the spiritual relay of generations of cultural figures who were closely associated with Kharkiv University. Topicality.Creating and supplementing the scientific biography of outstanding figures of culture, science and art is always an important topic of historical research. In 2023, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University and the Ukrainian scientific community will celebrate the 250th anniversary of the birth of the university's founder Vasyl Nazarovych Karazin. Therefore, supplementing the scientific biography of a scientist with new facts is an interesting and relevant topic. It is interesting to trace the spiritual relay between representatives of three generations of Kharkiv cultural figures. Conclusions. The little-known pages of the biographies of the founder of Kharkiv University V. N. Karazin, academician, professor of Kharkiv University, founder and first director of the Kharkiv Historical Museum M. F. Sumtsov and famous Ukrainian icon painter E. I. Koltunovskyi were studied. The authors studied the issue of scientific and personal connections between Karazin and Koltunovsky and between Koltunovsky and Sumtsov, which made it possible to trace the spiritual relay of different generations of these figures of Ukrainian culture and science. On the basis of three letters from Karazin to Koltunovsky, which were introduced into scientific circulation by M. F. Sumtsov, it was possible to reproduce some facts of the last year of the life of the founder of Kharkiv University, and a little-known portrait of Karazin in his old age, painted by Koltunovsky during the events in question, was also researched language in letters. As a result of the research, new facts were established about Sumtsov's origin, his belonging to the ancient noble family of the Koltunovskys. The continuation of the search and processing of new materials related to the biography of M.F. Sumtsov will reveal the scientific potential of this person even more fully, and will complement his contribution to the cultural development of Slobozhanshchyna.

Universities of the Russian empire in the life and works of M. Kostomarov

The purpose of the article is to determine the role of Universities of the Russian Empire in the life and work of the famous historian and ethnographer M. Kostomarov, and on the other hand to show how his multilateral activities influenced the development of the higher education system in the country. This analysis is accompanied by our comments on discrepancies in biographical facts in sources and literature. The research methodology consists of general scientific principles of historicism and objectivity, special historical methods, in particular problem-chronological, problem-historiographic, historical-comparative, historical-genetic , historical-typological, as well as biographical approach. Scientific novelty. The role of Universities of the Russian Empire in the life and work of the famous historian and ethnographer M. Kostomarov is clarified; the influence of his pedagogical work on the higher education in the country is shown; several discrepancies in the sources are commented on. The results. The article examines the role of universities of the Russian Empire in the life and work of the famous historian and ethnographer M. Kostomarov. In particular, the role of Kharkiv University in the formation of M. Kostomarov as a young scientist is shown in detail. Kharkiv University played the greatest role in the development of M. Kostomarov as the scientist. M. Kostomarov’s studies at this university, and especially the defense of both master’s theses of the young scientist, were accompanied by artificial obstacles. Not only ill-wishers, but also M. Kostomarov himself is to blame for creating problems (with obtaining a candidate’s diploma, with defending both master’s theses. A certain role in the intellectual biography of M. Kostomarov was played by Moscow University. M. Kostomarov’s listening to lectures by Moscow university professors in 1838 was temporary and situational. In our opinion, this was a search for support among the local professorship in a scientific career, in the preparation and defense of a master’s thesis. Short periods of lecturing at Kiev (1846-1847) and St. Petersburg (1859-1862) universities were held in more favorable conditions. But the termination of teaching at the Kiev University of St. Vladimir logically ended with the arrest in the case of the Secret Society of Cyril and Methodius. Kostomarov’s lecturing activity at St. Petersburg University ended with a student boycott. In our opinion, both sides were guilty of the conflict. The unreliable historian’s attempts to find a job after exile at Kazan, Kharkiv and Kiev universities were unsuccessful due primarily to subjective factors. These difficulties enriched his life experience, allowed him to get to know the academic environment better, showed him that scientific activity is inseparable from struggle in a professional environment. Kostomarov devoted his life to education and science. 5 universities of the Russian Empire played a role in the life of an outstanding historian, in three of them he managed to work. For a teacher and scientist, university life is the main, most valuable part of his intellectual biography. At the same time, М. Kostomarov’s teaching activity has become an important fragment in the history of the above-mentioned universities.

The Institution of the Rectorship in the Higher Education System of the Russian Empire in the 19th and Early 20th сenturies: The Case of Imperial Kharkov University

The Institution of the Rectorship in the Higher Education System of the Russian Empire in the 19th and Early 20th сenturies: The Case of Imperial Kharkov University

АКТУАЛІЗАЦІЯ НОВИХ СМИСЛІВ АКАДЕМІЧНОГО КУРСУ «КРИМІНОЛОГІЯ» ЗА ЗАГАЛЬНОЮ РЕДАКЦІЄЮ О. М. ЛИТВИНОВА З ПОЗИЦІЙ НАВЧАЛЬНО-НАУКОВОЇ ТА ДУХОВНО-ЦІННІСНОЇ СКЛАДОВОЇ

The article is a reviewand review article and is devoted to the description of individual substantive components of the academic course "Criminology" edited by A. N. Litvinov (2018). Attention is focused on the scientific and methodological foundation of this work. The genesisand stages of formation of the scientific criminological school of the Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs are briefly defined. The development of this school naturally predetermined the appearance of this publication, which is undoubtedly recommended for use in the educational process and scientific activities.

Vyacheslav O. Rezunenko (1941 - 2022) Obituary

On August 28, 2022, a docent at the Department of High mathematics and informatics of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University Vyacheslav Oleksijovich Rezunenko passed away. The bright memory of Vyacheslav Oleksijovich Rezunenko, a real scientist and a wonderful man, forever remains in the hearts of his colleagues, students and friends.

Informational and synergetic component of human-geographical research in the scientific heritage of Kostiantyn Niemets

The purpose of the work is to highlight the information-synergistic component of human-geographical research through the analysis of the scientific heritage of Kostiantyn Niemets – Honored Professor of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The achievement of the set purpose was accomplished through revealing the figure of the scientist Kostiantyn Niemets, justification of the human-geographical approach based on the information-synergistic paradigm, highlighting the formation of the concept of sociogeosystem and the sociogeoprocess, the peculiarities of the implementation of ideas in the educational process, the training of specialists and scientists, highlighting the potential of human geography and the information-synergistic component of human- geographical research in accordance with today's challenges. Results. This article presents an analysis of the information-synergistic component of human- geographical research in the scientific heritage Kostiantyn Niemets – Honored Professor of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. The role of the synergistic paradigm is defined as the basis of modern science and scientific research. The implementation of the synergistic concept in sociogeosystems research, the definition of the role of the information resource and the features of information exchange are substantiated. The main contradictions between society and nature are revealed; the structure of the sociogeoprocess is considered; the main principles of the interaction of society and natural systems in the multi-system of nature management are revealed. The ideas of the formation of the concept of sociogeosystems and sociogeoprocess are highlighted and the features of the implementation of ideas in the educational process of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. are revealed. An analysis of the scientific heritage, which is realized in the scientific research of students and followers of Kostiantyn Niemets, is presented. The latest research and publications were analyzed, in particular, theoretical and methodological developments, the research toolkit, which was introduced during the implementation of dissertations for obtaining the scientific degree of doctor and candidate of geographical sciences under the leadership of Kostiantyn Nemets, as well as during the implementation of scientific research developments, projects and grants, powerful scientific publications authored by Kostiantyn Niemets. The article shows his huge contribution to the development of scientific research and support of young people. The results of the analysis of the dissertation works, which were created under the leadership of Kostiantyn Niemets, and the features of the introduction of the human-geographical approach and the use of powerful mathematical apparatus and modeling methods in these works are presented. Today, the synergistic paradigm is becoming one of the most important foundations of modern science and is being widely implemented in all fields of scientific research. The synergetic paradigm arose at the junction of many fundamental directions of science in the second half of the 20th century, its main methodological premise is a fundamentally different and unconventional understanding of the development of phenomena, processes, and systems in the surrounding reality. In contrast to the classical interpretation of development as a linear process, synergetics interprets the concept of development as a non-linear process that occurs as a result of the interaction of a large number of factors of different nature. In this regard, human geography occupies a leading place, because the main object of its research – the sociogeosystem – combines natural and social subsystems; therefore, human- geographical research includes all aspects of a synergistic approach.

Experience and prospects of mobile GIS use for practical training of geography students

Problem statement. In recent decades, approaches to conducting field research have been significantly modernized. The use of smartphones, tablets and other portable devices with mobile GIS for field data collection has increased significantly. The rapid change in geospatial research technologies makes it necessary to introduce them into the educational process, in particular, in practical training of geography students. Research methodology. Paper forms of field data collection, materials and reports from practical trainings of the previous years, stored at the Department of Physical Geography and Cartography of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, served us as the source materials for the research. To implement the practical part of the research, ESRI software products such as Collector for ArcGIS, ArcGIS Online, ArcGIS Desktop were used. The purpose of the research is to substantiate the content and to create electronic forms of field data collection with mobile GIS for the physiographic part of the educational natural science training of first-year students of specialty 106 Geography of V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. Results. The use of mobile GIS for practical training of future geographers is widespread in Ukrainian and foreign universities. In particular, in recent years, teachers of the Department of Physical Geography and Cartography have been introducing mobile GIS into field data collection. We have developed 4 electronic forms of field data collection for the physiographic part of the educational natural science training of first-year students. They are soil profile description, forest phytocenosis description, geological and geomorphological observations, and hydrological station. Due to the wide functionality of Collector for ArcGIS, in particular, the ability to work offline, this mobile application and ArcGIS Online were used to develop forms. To optimize the work with individual text fields in electronic forms, we created domain values that allow students to select a certain option from the drop-down list. Practical significance and research perspectives. The implementation of mobile GIS into practical training of future geographers contributes to the formation of cartographic and geoinformation competencies and helps students master modern approaches to the organization of various types of field studies. Testing developed electronic forms during summer practical training of students or through independent research in the study area remains a relevant task. In the future, it is advisable to create electronic forms for all sections of the physiographic part of the first-year students' practical training and to adapt data collection forms for independent use.

ПРИНЦИПИ ОРГАНІЗАЦІЇ НАВЧАЛЬНОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УКРАЇНСЬКИХ УНІВЕРСИТЕТАХ, ЩО ПЕРЕБУВАЮТЬ У ЗОНІ БОЙОВИХ ДІЙ

The article examines the problem of organizing educational activities in Ukrainian universities located in the war zone. The purpose of the article is to highlight the principles of the organization of educational activities in such universities. It is noted that classical approaches to determining the principles of organizing educational activities in wartime require updating the content and emphasizing the psychological and security component of the educational process. The tasks of the research have determined the relevance of the problem of ensuring an admissibly effective educational process in universities that remained to work in the territories close to the front line, which is determined by the organization of training, on the one hand, with the provision of the necessary qualitative effectiveness and, on the other hand, the conditions of physical safety of the subjects of interaction being observed as far as possible (teachers and students). In the research, the methods of analysis of scientific sources, experience of Ukrainian universities located in the combat zone (Sumy, Kharkiv, Mykolaiv) have been used; generalization and systematization of the current work of lecturers in Kharkiv University in conditions of forced online learning and asynchronous communication have been applied. Research results. The scientific problem of the current state of the educational process in Ukrainian universities located in the war zone is defined. Firstly, taking into account not only the didactic component of the educational process, but also the psychological features of communication in war conditions, the emphasis is shifted to the preservation of the lives of the participants in the educational interaction, i.e. teachers and students, which prompts the teacher as the organizer of the class to take into account air raid sirens and provide students with the opportunity to descend into the bomb shelter. Secondly, the experience of Israeli colleagues regarding psychological switching from emotions to logic in life-threatening situations is taken into account, when a person who has received the impression of a crisis situation should not become its passive victim, but an active participant in solving the problem. Thirdly, the problem of preserving and maintaining the quality of education, which has worsened due to the impossibility of conducting classes in classrooms and energy instability, has been updated since, instead, the organization of the educational process takes place through online classes and communication in the asynchronous mode. There has been conducted the qualitative review of the content and forms of implementation of students’ psychological relief by teachers, in particular through the discussion of critical emotional events, and encouraging students to be creative as a way of sublimating stress. Finally, the principle of informative efficiency is emphasized, which is manifested through the organization of communication between the subjects of educational interaction, the offer of variable forms of obtaining information (in synchronous and asynchronous mode), the involvement of students in relevant professional events organized mainly on a free basis, as well as the support of their cognitive activities in the form of consultations and discussions of modern trends.

Regarding the publication of a collective monograph under the project of the International Vysegrad Fund

The team of scientists from Ukraine, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary, the Netherlands and Estonia in the framework of the International Visegrad Fund project «Green & Blue Infrastructure in Post-USSR Cities: exploring legacies and connecting to V4 experience» implemented in the Karazin Institute of Environmental Sciences, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University was prepared a Collective monograph with the same title. Authors explored the ways V4 countries have coped with institutional and infrastructural legacies related to Green & Blue infrastructure in cities, have analysed relevant knowledge production and governance situations in Ukraine, have come up with critical reflections and policy recommendations, and have written this monograph for dissemination of findings to a broad range of national and international stakeholder groups. All authors with excellent expertise in a full range of issues related to the GBI development and management. They are fully qualified to explore the ways V4 countries coped with institutional and infrastructural legacies related to Green & Blue infrastructure in cities, to run research for making analysis of the relevant knowledge for production and governance of various situations in Ukraine, to develop critical reflections and policy recommendations.

ІСТОРИЧНА ГЕРБАРНА КОЛЕКЦІЯ В. М. ЧЕРНЯЄВА В ГЕРБАРІЇ УМАНСЬКОГО НАЦІОНАЛЬНОГО УНІВЕРСИТЕТУ САДІВНИЦТВА (UM)

The article describes the contribution of the famous Ukrainian scientist Vasyl Matviyovych Chernyaev to the science of botany and the development of herbarium. Biographical data are given.
 Among the funds of Herbarium (UM) of the students of Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture (the successor is Uman National University of Horticulture) is a valuable historical collection of exicates Herbarium Florae Rossicae (1897–1907). It was established that the collection of exicates includes 1920 herbarium specimens (h. s.), the students of the school were included in the serial issues and they presented the flora of Uman region (Kyiv prov.). There is also a collection of excerpts the famous German florist, collector lichenologist, mycologist and bryologist L. G. Rabenhosta (181 h. s., dated 1801, 1803) and V. M. Chernyaev (29 h. s., 1860, 1864). The processed collections of dendroflora from V. M Chernyaev are represented by ten families of the Angiosperms division: Anacardiaceae, Betulaceae, Cornaceae, Fagaceae, Moraceae, Rhamnaceae, Rosaceae, Salicaceae, Sapindaceae. Among them are species Morus alba L., Quercus robur L., Rhamnus cathartica L., which belong to plants with medicinal properties (Hb. medic. Hipp. Cerniaew).
 According to the archival materials of the University Museum and rare old prints of the library, it has been established that the preserved historical collection was а part of "The Main Herbarium of Uman School of Agriculture and Horticulture" and served as material in training of gardeners to study Botany and Ornamental Gardening.
 The historical milestones of the scientific life of the famous scientist, who created botanical courses during the period of his work, was the head of the botanical garden of Kharkiv University and improved the herbarium, were studied. His herbarium collections, which is now stored in herbarium institutions (CWU, KW, MSUD), were purchased to the educational institutions or, probably, they were a gift from a naturalist.
 In the herbarium collections of V. M. Chernyaev, according to the processed labels, the place of plant growth is not indicated, but only the years, taxa and the name of the collector. Therefore, it should be assumed that the collection is focused on study of the flora of Kharkiv region (1860, 1864) during the period of retirement.
 The taxonomic affiliation of herbarium collections is arranged in alphabetical order of taxa and checked according to the modern botanical nomenclature "World Flora Online", as some names are synonymous or absent, and currently have no official recognition. The primary database was created, the inventory number was assigned, the sheets were certified with a stamp with the title (Scientific Herbarium of Uman National University of Horticulture (UM), registered in 2016 in the international database Index Herbariorum (New York).
 Therefore, the scientific herbarium of Uman National University of Horticulture (UM) with its historical collections deserves the attention and can rightfully take a place among the leading herbariums of Ukraine.

Distance Learning in Higher Education: The Experience of the Covid-19 Pandemic and War in Ukraine

Distance learning has become one of the most popular educational trends of the 21st century, and the COVID-19 pandemic and war in Ukraine has only accelerated the process of its integration into the education sector. 
 The purpose of our work is to study the influence of the online learning format on the adaptation and academic success of students, as well as to search for promising analogues. 
 The methodology. In addition to a comprehensive theoretical analysis, which included a comparison of different approaches and research, we used the method of interviewing respondents, which involved 200 first-year students from 6 Ukrainian higher education institutions (H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, National Technical University of Ukraine Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, State Biotechnology University, Kharkiv National University of Radio Electronics). The survey was conducted online using the Google Forms platform in the period from December 19 to 26, 2021, the calculation and visualization of the received data were performed using Microsoft Office tools. Fisher's statistical test (online-tool) was used to establish differences between the indicators of academic success of the respondents of the two groups.
 Results. We decided to compare the academic success of students who study online with students included in the blended learning system. Thus, only 8% of the respondents who took the course in an online format received a mark of 5 at the end of the academic semester, while almost a quarter (25%) of the students of the second group who took the course in blended learning received the highest score. We also asked respondents to evaluate the process of their own adaptation to new conditions (distance and blended learning). The results of the survey showed that the adaptation process proceeds much easier in the conditions of the blended learning or Flipped Classroom blended learning model, while the adaptation of respondents to the online format had a number of problems. 
 Conclusion. Online learning has a high potential, which is difficult to realize due to the high demands on technical support, communication problems in an unfamiliar space, and the lack of social presence of participants in the educational process. Blended learning, as a combination of full-time and distance learning, can offset the shortcomings of online learning and realize its potential. The next step in our research will be to compare the performance of another learning models.

The Latest Developments of the our Scientific Group of Kharkov University

The Latest Developments of the our Scientific Group of Kharkov University

Reflections on the Life of Oleg A. Tretyakov [In Memoriam

Dr. Oleg Alexandrovich Tretyakov, 83, passed away on Tuesday, 25 January 2022, in Istanbul, Turkey, after a short battle with lung cancer. He was an outstanding expert in electrodynamics and radiophysics. He was the chair of Commission B of the International Union of Radio Science (URSI) Committee of Ukraine since 1993, a Member of IEEE, and a professor emeritus of the Department of Theoretical Radiophysics, V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (KhNU), Ukraine. He had experience in solving diffraction problems by mathematically rigorous methods, wave scattering from rough surfaces, and wave propagation in random media, linear and nonlinear phenomena, and dynamic chaos in microwave oscillators and amplifiers. With him, we lost an internationally well-known and highly regarded leading figure in electromagnetic theory. His intellect, integrity, humor, professionalism, and humanity will be greatly missed.