Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Research Articles

Vitamin D and childhood disability: diseases of the nervous system

Child disability associated with diseases of the nervous system, the main cause of which is cerebral palsy (CP), is often accompanied by an insufficient level and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency, but in our opinion, practicing physicians and health officials at all levels pay insufficient attention to this problem, therefore, this paper is devoted to the study of the influence of vitamin D on the disability of children resulting from diseases of the nervous system. We statistically investigated the association between the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in municipalities of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug — Yugra and the number of cases of resulting childhood disability due to nervous system disease in 2021, using the anonymized results of 31,596 measurements of vitamin D levels in residents of the autonomous okrug, gratuitously provided to us by INVITRO-Ural LLC, whose staff the authors express their deep gratitude to. The calculations demonstrated the presence of a directly proportional relationship between the incidence of disability as a result of nervous system disease and the prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency in the territory of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Yugra. The incidence of cerebral palsy is largely due to pregnancy abnormalities. Many researchers have associated the occurrence of cerebral palsy with preterm labor and low birth weight of the newborn with normal gestational age. The analysis indicates the great influence of vitamin D on the course and results of pregnancy, since pregnant women often have insufficient levels of vitamin D, which does not ensure full development of the fetus, which is accompanied by an increased incidence of various pathologies in the mother and child. Taking vitamin D supplements as prescribed by a doctor can be useful for pregnant women and children with cerebral palsy. The former need it to ensure the normal course and favorable outcome of pregnancy, and the latter — to increase bone mineral density and improve the body’s immune defense against a variety of diseases. To make recommendations on the amount of daily dosage and duration of vitamin D preparations, accurate knowledge of its initial level in the patient’s blood serum is required, which predetermines the need for mandatory monitoring of 25(OH)D levels in pregnant women and patients with cerebral palsy.

Стратегические вызовы и возможности развития туризма малых городов России

The article analyzes the peculiarities and prospects of tourism development in small towns of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (KhMAO – Yugra), in particular the city of Langepas. The purpose of the work was to study the peculiarities and prospects of development of the tourism industry of the city of Langepas, which in accordance with the Strategy of socio-economic development of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra until 2036 with target benchmarks up to 2050, as well as the Concept of development of tourist areas of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra is included in the tourist territory of Nizhnevartovsk – Nizhnevartovsk municipal district – Megion – Langepas. In this regard, the development of tourism in the city of Langepas is inextricably linked with the tourist characteristics of the Nizhnevartovsk municipal district. The key feature of the tourist territory of Nizhnevartovsk – Nizhnevartovsk Municipal District – Megion – Langepas is its industrial character, the main part of exploited oil fields is located here. The main objects of the social framework of the city of Langepas are: architectural ensembles, monuments of architecture, sculptural compositions, social and cultural facilities: museums, cultural centers, sports facilities. In the course of studying the official sites of the city, regulatory and legal framework in the field of tourism development, statistical information on the subject of the study, the key problems, features, “points of growth” and prospects for the development of the tourist complex of the city were identified. Based on the analysis, the author concludes that in the course of creating an effective system for promoting the city’s tourism product, it is necessary to focus on three components: brand strategy, management of tourism product promotion, and provision of financial resources for its implementation. According to the results of the proposed measures, the number of tourists accommodated in collective accommodation facilities of the city should reach 5.6 thousand people by the end of 2030.

Waste Management during the Production Drilling Stage in the Oil and Gas Sector: A Feasibility Study

Drilling-waste management is of great importance in the oil and gas industry due to the substantial volume of multi-component waste generated during the production process. Improper waste handling can pose serious environmental risks, including soil and water contamination and the release of harmful chemicals. Failure to properly manage waste can result in large fines and legal consequences, as well as damage to corporate reputation. Proper drilling-waste management is essential to mitigate these risks and ensure the sustainable and responsible operation of oil and gas projects. It involves the use of advanced technologies and best practices to treat and utilize drilling waste in an environmentally safe and cost-effective manner. This article describes a feasibility study of four drilling-waste management options in the context of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug of Russia. For ten years of the project life, the NPV under the base scenario is equal to RUB −3374.3 million, under the first scenario is equal to RUB −1466.7 million, under the second scenario is equal to RUB −1666.8 million and under the third scenario is equal to RUB −792.4 million. When considering projects, regardless of oil production, the project under the third scenario pays off in 7.8 years and the NPV is RUB 7.04 million. The MCD and MCV parameters were calculated to be 106 km and 2290 tons, respectively. Furthermore, the study estimates the ecological damage prevented and the environmental effect of each option. Quantitative risk assessments, conducted through sensitivity analysis, reveal that the fourth option, involving the conversion of drilling waste into construction materials, emerges as the most economically feasible. The study also evaluates the interaction between business and government and analyzes the current situation in the sphere of drilling-waste management, concluding with concise recommendations for both companies and official bodies.

Метод оценки эффективности мероприятий по формированию комфортной городской среды

The article deals with the urgent problem of inconsistency of the implemented measures to form a comfortable urban environment with the real needs and expectations of citizens. It analyzes the existing methods of assessing such measures, including the index method of assessing the quality of urban environment, used within the framework of the national project “Housing and Urban Environment”, as well as va¬rious sociological studies and surveys. The shortcomings of these approaches, such as the limited sample of respondents and survey topics, are noted. The aim of the study is to develop a method for evaluating measures to form a comfortable urban environment based on semantic comparison of citizens' opinions from social networks, search queries and descriptions of the measures themselves using natural language processing algorithms. Materials and methods. To realize the set goal, an integrated approach consisting of four main stages is used. Stage 1: Pre-processing of initial text data – noise removal, reduction of words to their initial form (lemmatization) using the pymorphy2 library, identification of parts of speech (POS-tagging). Stage 2: Extraction of key word combinations (N-grams) using the TF-IDF algorithm, taking into account the frequency of usage within individual messages and in the whole text array. Calculation of N-grams significance rank. Stage 3: Obtaining a vector representation (word embeddings) for each key N-gram using the pre-trained SBERT neural network model. Step 4: Computing a measure of semantic similarity of vector representations of N-grams from different text arrays (citizens' opinions and event descriptions) based on cosine distance. The texts of citizens' opinions and descriptions of measures aimed at the formation of a comfortable urban environment related to the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug are used as input data. Results. The experiment has shown that most of the analyzed measures aimed at the formation of a comfortable urban environment are poorly correlated with the real needs of citizens. Conclusion. The proposed method can be used in decision support systems to evaluate and select the most effective measures.

Effects of vitamin D on the incidence and severity of COVID-19

In the fall of 2023, infection of a number of European countries population with coronavirus intensified, with the most noticeable increase in incidence observed in the Russian Federation. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 usually have a low level and high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency. Data from measurements of vitamin D levels in the municipalities of the Khanty-Mansiysk autonomous Okrug — Ugra, compared with information from the department of health of the autonomous okrug based on the results of 2021, suggest that in the Khanty-Mansi autonomous Okrug — Ugra, the average duration of one case of disability due to illness with a diagnosis of COVID-19 is directly proportional to the prevalence of severe vitamin D deficiency. Our data characterizing the positive effect of a high level of vitamin D in the blood serum of a patient infected SARS-CoV-2, on the body’s ability to recover, is confirmed in foreign clinical practice, as evidenced by the results of our statistical calculations. In the Russian Federation, the dependence of the overall incidence of COVID-19 is directly proportional to the geographical latitude of the territory, and the relationship b etween the parameters is extremely high (p = 0.0008 in 2021 and p < 0.000001 in 2022), which, along with other reasons, suggests the effect of ultraviolet radiation level decrease. Vitamin D levels are one of the key factors in the incidence of COVID-19, as it has a major impact on its duration, more severe lung damage, and higher mortality in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Clinical studies by domestic and foreign scientists have shown that severe vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D < 10 ng/ml] in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 can be considered a predictor of death. During the COVID-19 pandemic, enormous positive experience has been gained in the use of vitamin D as a therapeutic agent to reduce the severity of the disease and the level of hospital mortality, however, in order to prepare informed recommendations for taking medications and identify severe vitamin D deficiency, mandatory measurement of 25(OH)D levels in patients is required in patients diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Digitalization of Regional Policy in the Field of Employment Assistance

The author studies the degree of influence of the state policy on the development of the digital economy on the regional policy in the field of employment assistance in the light of the concept of improving the quality of working life on the example of the subjects of the Russian Federation included in the Ural Federal District: Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk regions, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra and Yamaloenets Autonomous Okrug. As an empirical material, regional strategies of socio-economic development, strategies in the field of digital transformation of key sectors of the economy, social sphere and public administration, programs in the field of employment assistance, legislation on employment of the population were studied step by step. It is established that in the subjects of the Ural Federal District, strategic planning documents adopted in the field of employment assistance reflect the needs of the digital economy to varying degrees. Most often, such provisions relate to stimulating the active use of a single digital platform in the field of employment and labor relations “Work in Russia”. At the same time, gaps were identified in the formulation of the main provisions of strategic planning documents (goals, objectives, activities, target indicators), as well as inconsistencies between them. For the most part, the maximum level of digitalization is achieved when determining the main directions of development of the regional economy. It is concluded that such an emphasis significantly slows down the process of digital transformation of the sphere of employment assistance. The results of the study allowed us to formulate a number of recommendations that can be used to improve regional state policy and legislation in the field of employment assistance, taking into account the concept of improving the quality of working life.

НОВЫЙ КАТЫШ IVА И IVБ — КУЛАЙСКИЕ ПОСЕЛЕНИЯ В БАССЕЙНЕ Р. КОНДЫ (ЗАПАДНАЯ СИБИРЬ)

In 1980, the Kondinsky detachment of the Ural Archaeological expedition conducted excavations in the vicinity of the village of Novy Katysh (Kondinsky district, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug). The revealed buildings are typical for the monuments of the Early Iron Age of the Taiga zone of Western Siberia. The dwellings with deepened pits at the Novy Katysh IVa settlement are located further from the coastal edge than the above-ground buildings at the Novy Katysh IVb. Perhaps this reflects the different seasons of their habitat. The cult casting finds correspondences in the metal plastics of the Surgut Ob region. For the manufacture of pottery, the potters used hardened clays. One range of artificial additives was used: soil, chamotte, sand, organic solution. There is a difference in the traditions of forming the molding mass between the two sites. Three recipes with predominance of mixed Clay + Chamotte + Sand were found at the Novy Katysh IVa settlement. At the Novy Katysh IVb settlement, seven recipes were identified in both buildings, but two unmixed recipes — Clay + Sand and Clay + Chamotte — are dominant. A comparison of the Novokatysh ware with the Kulai ware of the Surgut Ob region suggested that in the latter the tradition of adding sand to the molding mass is introduced. One of its sources could be the Kulai population living in the Konda River basin. The route from the Konda basin to the Middle Ob has been known since the Neolithic. On this route, the Central Ob Kulai population could develop new territories. The return route could be associated with marital contacts, ritual acts, trade and exchange relations.

Analysis of the level regime of the Iga river of the Nizhnevartovsk district of the Khanty-Mansi autonomous district Siberia

Obtaining hydrological information in general, as well as determining the estimated water levels on water bodies, are mostly associated with the construction of hydraulic structures that allow the use of water for the needs of the national economy. The oil production industry is widely developed on the territory of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. Often oil and gas fields are located in sparsely populated areas where there is no information about the hydrological regime of watercourses. In order to ensure the safe operation of construction projects, there is a need to obtain hydrological information for crossed or nearby watercourses. Thus, this type of work is performed almost everywhere to solve similar problems. In this article, studies of the Iga River, located in the right bank of the Ob River, were carried out. To identify the degree of influence of the river level in different periods of the year, hydrological calculations of spring floods and rain floods were performed. Based on the calculations, a graph of the relationship between costs and levels was constructed. To determine the possible backup of the level of the Ob River to the level regime of the Iga River during periods of high waters, the levels of the Ob River were determined. Based on the analysis of joint levels, a conclusion was made about the influence of the Ob on the hydrological regime of the Iga River

ЮГРА В КОНТЕКСТЕ ПОЗДНЕСОВЕТСКОЙ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИИ: РЕГИОНАЛЬНАЯ ИСТОРИЯ В ОБЩЕНАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЕ

The formation of Russia’s regional structure involves the combination of two main perspectives — regional and national. It is not a matter of “overlaying” one chronological and event framework on another, but of identifying the degree of correlation of regional history with the national processes in which the subjectivity of the region is reflected and formed. The history of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra is one of the significant examples of such a combination of research perspectives. The 1953–1991 period occupies a special place in the history of Ugra — from the thaw to perestroika. In a very short time by historical standards, the region has experienced a qualitative turn in its development. The oil factor played a dominant role in the process of establishing the subjectivity of Ugra as a region, being at the same time a resource for economic development, a locomotive of modernization and a catalyst for sociocultural changes. As a result of intensive industrial development in the 1960–1980s the place of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug in Russia’s regional structure has changed radically: from agrarian and unpromising it turned into industrial and intensively progressive; the subsidized region became a donor region, providing the Soviet Union with solutions of not only economic, but also geopolitical challenges. The case of Ugra gives an opportunity to focus on the Soviet specificity of modernization of territories of new industrial development. The region’s modernization strategy has been both progress and challenge, radically changing the natural and social environment of the region. The consequences of these transformations — regardless of the mark of their retrospective assessment — have been long-lasting and influence the life in Ugra to this day.

ИНДИГЕННЫЙ ПОВОРОТ В УГРОВЕДЕНИИ

The article is devoted to the indigenous turn in Ugric studies, which refers to the cardinal changes that have occurred in Siberian ethnological and anthropological knowledge under the influence of the rapid entry into the humanities the Ob Ugrians (Khanty and Mansi) representatives, who are studying their culture “from the inside”. What is the specificity of this kind of research? What place do they occupy in the general scientific ethnographic field? What are their social functions and priorities, advantages and/or limitations? The article aims at searching for answers to these questions. The object of analysis is the Ob-Ugric Institute of Applied Research and Development, in which today the main research forces of the ethnic scientific intelligentsia of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug — Ugra are concentrated. While considering the history of the institute creation, attention is drawn to the fact that the Ugric indigenous science formation was facilitated by all-Russian trends of regionalization, the activities of ethnically oriented public organizations in the okrug, as well as individual representatives of Russian and foreign science. The article highlights the contribution of the first leaders and employees of the institute (“founders”) to its scientific basis. In conclusion, the author brings up for discussion the problem of dialogue constructing during fieldwork. It is concluded that emphasizing the uniqueness of indigenous researchers as carriers of their native language and culture and upholding the independence of scientific centers created in Western Siberia occurred in the general context of global trends of indigenization and destigmatization. Emerging tendencies towards isolation are being overcome as northern/indigenous science becomes more established and equal dialogues are built in broader scientific contexts.

Increasing Information Transparency of the Results of a Regional Export Project in the Urals Federal District

The influence of information on the activities of the authorities is increasing. The problem of the low popularity of the national project "International Cooperation and Export" remains. The purpose of the article is to generalize the theory and develop a methodology for assessing the information transparency of the results of the regional project "Systemic measures for the development of international cooperation and exports" of the regions of the Ural Federal District and to develop applied recommendations. The author has developed signs of information transparency: relevance (relevance, focus, timeliness),sufficiency (completeness, structuring) of information. A program of research and methodological tools for score assessment based on content analysis of government websites and open sources has been developed. The applied signifi cance lies in the systematization of the economic practice of information transparency in the regions of the Ural Federal District. The most significant problem is the lack of linking information with the approved project results. The value of the information relevance subindex (from 0.11 points in the Kurgan Region to 2.50 points in the Tyumen Region) and the information sufficiency subindex (from 0.02 points in the Sverdlovsk Region to 2.22 points in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) were calculated. Practical recommendations have been developed for the authorities: relevance and focus, reliability of information, comparability of planned and actual values, structuring and detailing of information. The obtained principles of information relevance can be used as a basis for the development of appropriate standards for the provision of information.

Развитие православных приходов в постсоветский период на севере Западной Сибири (на примере прихода храма в честь святителя Стефана Великопермского села Казым Белоярского района Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры)

The study describes the history of formation of the parish of the church of St. Stephen of Perm in the village of Kazym of the Beloyarsk district of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra, characterizes the main areas and results of the parish’s activities of daily living. The aim of the study is to show the influence of the territorial factor and environmental features on the activities of the parish, on relations with the population, including representatives of the indigenous peoples of the North, as exemplified by the parish of St. Stephen of Perm in the village of Kazym. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that on the basis of documents introduced for the first time into scientific use, parish life in the territory classified as the Russian Arctic North is considered. The study shows that the parish, especially with the construction of the church in honor of St. Stephen of Perm, gradually became the spiritual and educational center of the village, which positively influenced the sustainable development of the territory.

Проблемные вопросы локального мониторинга земель территорий традиционного природопользования при оценке воздействия нефтегазовых месторождений (на примере Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры)

In this article, the object of the study is the scientific foundations and methodology of local land monitoring in traditional environmental management territories, as specially protected areas. Its priority purpose is for traditional environmental management Issues of local land reliability monitoring data and methods of obtaining them have remained relevant for more than 20 years. With the development of digital technologies and employing remote sensing, the monitoring procedure is faster and more efficient, however, the information retrieved in this way requires verification and this currently can only be done through conducting field surveys of the territory and using instrumental methods control. The obtained local monitoring data enables resolving environmental and economic issues related to the management of land resources in traditional environmental approach areas of the Extreme North at the local level. The purpose of the study is to improve the scientific and methodological foundations of local monitoring in above mentioned zones (hereinafter referred to as TMP), taking into account the regional characteristics of the pointed territories. The theoretical and methodological foundations for that in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra are considered; the impact of oil and gas production facilities on the ecological state of land resources was determined; proposals for improving the control at the TTP for traditional environmental management are substantiated

Миссионерская работа Ханты-Мансийской митрополии в поселениях Ханты-Мансийского автономного округа – Югры в 2016-2022 гг. (на примере Югорской епархии)

The study is devoted to determining the main areas of the missionary work of the Khanty-Mansi Metropolia in the settlements of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra in 2016-2022, using the example of the Beloyarsk and the Berezovsk deaneries of the Yugra diocese. The paper describes the functions, the results of educational and missionary activities of the Yugra diocese in urban and rural settlements of the district, including in national settlements where representatives of indigenous peoples (Khanty, Mansi) live. The main areas of the anti-sectarian activity of the Yugra diocese in the settlements of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra are revealed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that, using the example of territorial church structural divisions and on the basis of documents introduced for the first time into scientific use, the modern experience of the missionary activity of the Khanty-Mansi Metropolia of the Russian Orthodox Church in the territory classified as the regions of the Far North is characterized. The study has shown that in modern conditions, when it comes to the forms and methods of missionary work, their targeted orientation – internal and external missions – is clearly distinguished. It is noted that in regional church divisions, especially in territories remote from direct transport links with difficult natural and climatic conditions, where the deaneries of the Khanty-Mansi Metropolia perform missionary work, the “mission of presence” is relevant and in demand.

Comparative Analysis of High-Viscosity Oils from the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Naftalan Oil Field to Assess Their Balneological Potential

Comparative Analysis of High-Viscosity Oils from the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and the Naftalan Oil Field to Assess Their Balneological Potential

Improving the quality of the forecast through methods of combining forecasts

Subject of research: The article is devoted to the comparison of forecasting methods and methods of combining forecasts when forecasting average monthly wages for some regions of the Russian Federation for the period from January 2013 to July 2022.
 Purpose of the study: To test the hypothesis of improving forecast quality through forecast pooling methods.
 Methods and objects of research: Time series of average monthly wages in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug Yugra, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and Sverdlovsk region are used to compare forecasting methods and methods of combining forecasts. The paper considers forecasting methods: TBATS, ARIMA, exponential smoothing, ETS, Theta, STL, polynomial regression and the approach in combining forecasts by the Granger-Ramanathan method.
 Main results of research: The paper presents the results of comparison of forecasting methods and approach in combining forecasts by Granger-Ramanathan method. Time series of average monthly wages were taken from statistical collections of Rosstat. The forecast horizon was set at 12, 18 and 24 points. The Granger-Ramanathan method showed that in most cases it is possible to improve the quality of the forecast by combining private forecasts.

New Pages in the History of Berezovo: A Dendrochronological Study

Berezov is a city with a rich history. A significant amount of wood has been preserved on the territory of the Berezovskoe gorodishe archaeological site. For its dating, the dendrochronological method was used, which makes possible to establish the time of construction of archaeological sites (wood harvesting) with an accuracy of up to a year/season. The material for dendrochronological studies carried out at the Siberian Dendrochronological Laboratory was 190 samples of archaeological wood in the form of saw cuts. Cross-dating was carried out according to the standard method. As a result of the study, dendrochronological dating of the archaeological sites of the Berezovsky settlement (Berezovo, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug) was carried out. Twenty-six buildings from nine estates were dated. The new data made it possible to correlate the buildings with the previously identified periodization stages in the city development. Also, authors were able to take part in a discussion about the time of the city's foundation, as well as to test a new method of preparing archaeological wood samples for dendrochronological analysis.

Assessment of managers of digital transformation in the regions as a factor of strategic management of sustainable ESG development of the economy

Aim. To conduct a rating assessment of digital transformation managers (DTM), as well as to identify the relationship between the DTM score and indicators of gross regional product (GRP), budget expenditures on information and communication technologies (ICT) in the conditions of sustainable ESG-development of the economy.Tasks. To show that in modern conditions one of the most important factors in the formation of the digital economy of regions and their digital transformation is the strategic management of sustainable ESG-development of economic entities; to perform a rating assessment of the level of RCT of regions and establish its dependence on GRP and ICT-costs; to offer practical recommendations to the criteria for assessing RCT.Methods. The research is based on the application of standard methods of collecting and processing statistical data from open sources and correlation analysis.Results. In modern conditions, one of the most important factors in the formation of digital economy of regions and their digital transformation is the strategic management of sustainable ESG-development of economic entities. The necessity to develop a strategy of digital transformation of the region’s economic model, which should be based on strategic management of sustainable ESG-development of cyber-physical and cyber-social enterprises and ecosystems, including cluster-type. It is shown that at the end of 2022 the leading places in the RCT rating among all subjects of the Russian Federation (RF) are occupied by Tatarstan, Belgorod, Tula regions and Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug. In 2021, significant amounts of budget funds for ICTcosts, compared to other subjects of the Russian Federation, are allocated in megacities — Moscow and St. Petersburg. A linear correlation between the level of RCT and GRP indicators, budget expenditures on ICT was established. A significant influence of the criterion “IT industry support measures” on the assessment of responsible RCT in the regions was revealed.Conclusions. Under the conditions of economic sanctions, including restrictions on the supply of high-tech products, the processes of modernization in the field of digital technologies and accelerated implementation of software import substitution will be reflected in further assessments of RCTs of federal ministries and constituent entities of the Russian Federation. It is recommended to take into account the ESG-development indicators of economic entities and the level of professional training in the field of digital technologies in the criteria for rating RCTs.

Efficiency of enhanced oil recovery’s and oil production stimulation’s methods at the oil fields of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra

Stabilization of oil production at the level of 215–220 million tons/year, as well as its subsequent growth, is a priority task for the enterprises of the fuel and energy complex of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra (KhMAO – Yugra). It is impossible to achieve this without the active implementation of the most effective modern technologies for enhanced oil recovery. This article aims to analyze the methods of enhanced oil recovery and oil production stimulation methods (EOR and PS) used at the KhMAO – Yugra fields on an industrial scale, their features and their contribution to additional oil production from 2001 to 2021. The article describes such technologies as sidetracking (STB), physical and chemical methods (FCM), hydraulic fracturing (HF), bottom-hole treatment (BHT), hydrodynamic methods (HDM), horizontal well drilling (SHD), as well as other geological and technical measures (GTM) aimed at optimizing well operation (other methods (OM)). The study showed that FCM, BHT and other well interventions became the most used. The share of additional oil produced through the use of EOR and PS has doubled since 2013: 8% in 2013, 16.2% in 2021. Hydraulic fracturing, deep drilling and sidetracking showed the highest efficiency. All this led to the stabilization of the annual oil production in KhMAO – Yugra and even to its growth in 2021. The use of enhanced oil recovery methods on a non-alternative basis in developed fields is especially important, because the share of hard-to-recover reserves is high and reaches 80% for some companies in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. For such fields, it is necessary to strengthen scientific research in the field of substantiation of optimal conditions for well construction, as well as the operation of development systems.

Stone-tool assemblage of the Eneolithic settlement of Tolum-1 in the Konda River Basin

In 2020, the expedition of Poengurr and the Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of RAS investigated the settlement of Tolum-1, which functioned during the Neolithic, Eneolithic, Bronze and Early Iron Ages. The site is located in the north of Western Siberia, in Kondinsky District of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Ok-rug — Yugra. Structure (dwelling) No. 3 containing a complex of stone tools and pottery of the Enyi type, as well as the adjoint area, were investigated by an excavation trench of an area of 499 m2. On the settlement, 108 stone items were found, the large part of which concentrates within the boundaries of dwelling No. 3. The research is based upon the method of technical and typological analysis of stone-tool assemblage, implying the development of a typology of stone tools and the study of their production technology taking into account the quality of the or-namental raw materials used by the ancient population. According to the raw-material composition of the stone-tool assemblage, mainly represented by soft rocks (grey-green slate, burgundy schist, etc.) and, to a lesser ex-tent, by flint of various colors, quartz and quartzite, the ancient population of this region did not have continuous sources of high-quality ornamental raw materials. Prevailing on the settlement are the tools for woodworking (drillbit-shaped tools, adzes, chisels), and also found were knives and a representative collection of arrowheads. Items for stone processing are few: a hammer-stone, a retoucher, and two cores. There is a higher presence of unprocessed pebbles and tiles, and chips and fragments of polished products. The main technological chain on the site was production of polished tools from local gray-green slate by chipping off and subsequent grinding. The production of flint tools by splitting and retouching was insignificant. The stone assemblage of the Tolum-1 settle-ment finds analogies in the complexes of the Enyi type of the north of Western Siberia. Certain categories and types of products are more widespread — double-sided retouched fish-shaped arrowheads are found in quantity in the Trans-Urals, polished leaf-shaped arrowheads with a groove — in the Eneolithic sites of the north of Wes-tern Siberia, while polished arrowheads with a tapered truncated base were found among the Eneolithic materials of the Surgut Ob Basin and on the sites with the Ushya ceramics of the Neolithic Period of the Konda lowland. Polished rounded and teardrop-shaped pendants are found in the funerary and, to a lesser extent, settlement complexes of the Trans-Urals and Western Siberia in the Late Neolithic — Eneolithic. A series of radiocarbon dates obtained for the settlement of Tolum-1 and other sites of the Enyi type in the north of Western Siberia, as well as the technical and technological characteristics and morphology of the stone inventory of the settlement under consideration, and a wide range of analogies leave open the possibility of attributing the structure No. 3 to the Eneolithic Period, within the span of the calibrated dates in the interval of 3600–2600 BC.