Kg Of Growth Research Articles

Possibilities of Inclusion of corn Distillers Dried Grains with Solubles (DDGS) alone or in combination with Probiotic as Broiler Feed Ingredient

In the production of the ethanol from cereal grains, besides the main product which is ethanol, there are olso very valuable by-product that can be used as animal feed. The dried distilled grains with solubles (DDGS) is quite rich in protein and other nutrients. With the ever-increasing cost of soybeans and corn, many scientists are studying the possibilities of using DDGS in poultry nutrition. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of including corn DDGS and corn DDGS and probiotic in compound feeds on productive, slaughter performance and some meat physicochemical parameters of broiler chickens under floor-rearing conditions. The experiment included 3 treatments (T), namely T1: the control group received a balanced compound feed, according to the requirements of the hybrid, without the participation of corn DDGS, T2: the diett contained 15% corn DDGS and T3: the dietts contained 15% corn DDGS and supplemented 500g probiotic/ton of feed. Each experiment had 20 one-day-old sexed male Ross-308 broiler chickens, replicated 3 times, and ended when the chickens were 35 days old. The results shown that diets T2 and T3 did not positively affect the weight development of chicks compared to T1 (the control group). At 35 days old, chicken weight from the control group outperformed the two experimental groups: by 8.45% in the T3 (corn DDGS and probiotic) and by 11.76% in the T2 (corn DDGS) at P<0.05. Differences in feed consumption per 1 kg of growth over the 35-day fattening period between the control and experimental groups were small and statistically unproven. Feeding diets with 15% DDGS from corn significantly reduced carcass weight, grill, thight and wing weight in broiler chickens. There were no significant differences in slaughter yield between the study groups. Diets T2 and T3 improved the water holding capacity (WHC %) of breast meat in broilers (at P< 0.001). The lowest loss in thermal processing (cooking) was observed in breast and thigh meat of chickens fed the diets with 15% corn DDGS and probiotic (P<0.05).

Influence of the body condition of sows on their reproductive qualities and feeding indexes of the young pigs obtained from them

Objective. Determining the influence of the body conditions of sows on the indicators of their reproductive qualities and establishing the relationship with the subsequent productivity of the offspring obtained from them. Methods. To carry out research, 3 groups of sows with different conditions were formed: thin, normal, fat. Reproductive qualities were evaluated based on fertility, the number of piglets at weaning, and the weight of the nest at weaning. The feeding qualities of the offspring were determined by the average daily growth, the age at which a live weight of 100 kg was reached, and feed consumption per 1 kg of growth (according to calculated data). The meat quality of the offspring was assessed by the lard thickness index at the level of 6-7 thoracic vertebrae. Results. As a result of research, it was established that sows with lean condition were significantly inferior to others in terms of multiple fertility, the number of piglets at weaning, and the weight of the nest at weaning (р<0.001). No significant difference was found between sows with normal and fat condition in the number of piglets at weaning, multifertility, the difference was significant only in the weight of the nest at weaning (р<0.001). The young obtained from sows with fat and normal conditions were almost at the same level in terms of fattening qualities. Piglets obtainedfrom sows with lean conditions were significantly inferior to others in terms of the age of reaching live weight of 100 kg (Р<0.05). No significant influence of the body condition of sows on the fat thickness of their offspring was recorded. Conclusions. A reliable influence of the type of body condition of sows on their reproductive qualities was established (р<0.001). Sows with lean condition were significantly inferior to others in terms offertility (-2.9 head; -2.7 head), number of piglets at weaning (-2.6 head; -2.9 head), nest weight at weaning (-25.1 kg; -37.3 kg) (р<0.001). No significant difference was found between sows with fat and normal condition in the number ofpiglets at weaning, multifertility, the difference was significant only in the index of nest weight at weaning (12.2 kg) (р<0.001). The relationship between the type of body condition of sows and the fattening and meat qualities of the offspring was determined (a reliable influence of the type of body condition of sows on the age of reaching the live weight of 100 kg in their offspring was established) (р<0.05). Piglets obtainedfrom sows with lean conditions were significantly inferior to others in terms of the age of reaching 100 kg live weight (2.3 days; 2.8 days) (р<0.05). The fattening qualities of the young obtained from sows with fat and normal conditions were almost at the same level. In terms of meat qualities (based on the thickness of lard at the level of 6 - 7 thoracic vertebrae), no significant difference between the groups was found. Keywords: body condition, sows, reproductive qualities, fattening qualities, caliper, multifertility, nest weight

The influence of sunflower meal in feed on slaughter and meat quality of pigs

Currently, the problem of providing protein nutrition for animals and reducing the cost of pork production is relevant. The choice of effective and, at the same time, cheap protein components for animal rations is one of the foundations of high-performance animal husbandry. The purpose of the work was to determine the effectiveness of using compound feed with the introduction of sunflower meal of increased feed value and a different structure of the grain group on the slaughter and meat quality of pigs. Our research has proven the preservation of the level of productivity of pigs and obtaining a sufficiently high level of profitability of pork production when feeding compound feed based on barley and sunflower meal of increased feed value with or without wheat. In the control group, which received barley-corn-wheat compound feed, the average daily gains during the scientific and economic experiment amounted to 683 g. The maximum deviation in the experimental groups was +2.8 %. The difference was statistically improbable. At the same time, a slight increase in feed consumption per 1 kg of growth was observed in the experimental group, which was fed combined feed based on barley and sunflower meal. A tendency to increase the slaughter yield of piglets of the research groups and a probable increase in the meat yield from the carcass in animals whose combined feed was injected with 15 % by mass of sunflower meal of increased fodder value was noted. Feeding young pigs with two-component combined feed with barley grit + 15 % sunflower meal of increased forage value contributes to a decrease in lard thickness by 2.5 %. The longest back muscle of these animals is characterized by a 1.0% higher content of adipose tissue, an 8.3 % intensity of muscle fiber staining, as well as a 6.1 % lower caloric content, an amount of calcium (P ≤ 0.05), active acidity (P < 0.01). At the same time, a tendency to a slight increase in the moisture content of lard by 0.9 % and a decrease in the melting temperature of lard by 1.5 °C was noted. The research results on the chemical composition of animal meat during the transition to low-component compound feed indicate that the dry matter content was practically at the same level. Protein was found the most in the meat of the second group of guinea pigs (20.64 %), which is 0.76 % higher than the control analogs. At the same time, the fat content in muscle tissue samples decreased in the second and third groups relative to the control by 0.17 % and 0.70 %, respectively. Specific changes in the chemical composition of animal meat in the third experimental group, compared to the control group, resulted in a 6.5 % decrease in its caloric content, coinciding with recent trends regarding the production of leaner pork. When switching to low-component compound feed with sunflower meal of increased fodder value, there is a tendency to an inevitable increase in losses during the culinary processing of pig meat, with a simultaneous decrease in its tenderness. The change in these indicators occurred due to the reduction in the moisture-retaining capacity of muscle tissue in the second and third experimental groups.

Efficiency of growing and fattening of hybrid pigs of English origin under dry and combined systems of their feeding

The article aimed to study the efficiency of rearing and fattening pigs with constant drying throughout life and variable during fattening feeding systems. It was established that changing the feeding system from dry to liquid led to an acceleration of the intensity of the piglets and, as a result, a 7.8 % increase in their weight at the end of fattening did not worsen feed conversion in pigs, but on the contrary, led to its improvement by 2.9 % on fattening and by 1.8 % during the period of rearing and fattening. Feed consumption per head and kilogram of growth during the rearing period did not differ significantly between groups of animals, which, accordingly, did not differ in cost. Meanwhile, during fattening, pigs that were switched to liquid feeding consumed 6.8 % more feed, resulting in 6.8 % more feed per head during the fattening period and a correspondingly higher cost. However, due to the higher intensity of growth, feed conversion in them turned out to be 2.9 % better, contributing to a 2.9 % reduction in the feed cost for 1 kg of growth compared to animals that consumed dry feed at this stage. No difference was found in the efficiency of rearing piglets under constant feeding during the weaning period and the growing period, while during the fattening period, the operational cost of fattening one head was found to be higher by 6.8 %, by 5.0 % the cost price and by 7.8 % of its cost completion of fattening, 8.8% income from fattening one animal and 1.9 % better profitability of this process in a group of animals with a variable feeding system. At the same time, due to better growth indicators, the animals of this group showed a 1.0 % lower cost of 1 kg of gain during fattening and a 2.6 % lower cost of 1 kg of live weight at its completion. It is also established that the cost of 1 kg of growth for growing and fattening is lower by 2.3 %. The cost of one head is higher by 5.0 %, its market value by 7.8 %, income from sales by 13.2 %, and by 7.8 % profitability of the entire production cycle of obtaining, growing, and fattening pigs. Changing the feeding system from dry to liquid after the growing-out period increased the efficiency of the whole process of acquiring, growing, and fattening pigs.

Productivity of broilers using a mineral feed additive

The effectiveness of increasing the productivity of agricultural poultry depends on the extent to which production technologies enable the realization of its genetic potential. The experiment aimed to study the effect of a mineral feed additive containing copper on productivity, growth, and feed consumption in broiler chickens. The scientific and economic experiment was conducted in the conditions of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University vivarium. For the experiment, 40 broiler chickens of the “Ross-308” cross were selected, and two analog groups of 20 heads each were formed. The experiment lasted 42 days. During the experiment, the broilers of the 1st control group consumed a completely balanced feed. In addition to the diet of the research group, the researched mineral feed supplement was added. Broiler chickens were weighed every week to determine the intensity of growth. According to the results of the experiment, it was established that additional feeding of a mineral feed additive to broiler chickens of the 2nd group increases live weight at 21 days of age by 4.6 % (Р ≤ 0.05), at 28 days of age by 7.1 % (Р ≤ 0.01) in 35 days by 9.5 % (Р ≤ 0.001) and in 42 days by 9.4 % (Р ≤ 0.001), against the control. It was found that with the use of a mineral additive in broilers of the 2nd group, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth is reduced by 7.8 %, compared to the control value. Additional consumption of the researched mineral feed additive in broiler chickens of the 2nd group increases the pre-slaughter live weight by 8.9 %, the weight of non-carcasses by 9.7 % (Р ≤ 0.001), half-carcasses by 10.8 % (Р ≤ 0.01) and patranoi by 13.0 % (Р ≤ 0.001), relative to the control. Feeding the mineral supplement to broilers of the 2nd group increases the mass of pectoral muscles by 9.2 % and thigh muscles by 10.8 % (Р ≤ 0.01), against the control indicator.

The use of probiotic in chicken-broilers feeding

Biologically active feed additives of natural origin that do not hurt the body are increasingly used in poultry farming, making it possible to produce safe food products. It is known that probiotics are preparations of microbial origin that manifest their properties through the regulation of intestinal microflora. The primary mechanism of action of probiotics is to populate the gastrointestinal tract with strains of beneficial bacteria that displace opportunistic microflora from the intestinal biocenosis. The experiment aimed to establish the effect of probiotic feed additives on the productivity, slaughter performance, and meat quality of broiler chickens. Following the purpose of the research, a scientific and economic experiment was conducted on two similar groups of broiler chickens of the “Cobb-500” cross from one day to 42 days of age, with 20 heads in each group according to the experiment scheme. The experiment lasted 42 days. With the use of a feed additive in feeding broiler chickens of the 2nd group, the live weight increased by 11.9 % (Р ≤ 0.001) compared to the control group. It was found that under the influence of the supplement, the average daily growth in broiler chickens of the 2nd group was higher by 12.1 %, absolute by 12.2 % (Р ≤ 0.001) compared to control peers during the entire experiment period. In addition, in the 2nd group of broilers, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth is reduced by 8.9 % compared to the control. The use of a feed additive in the feeding of broiler chickens of the 2nd group increases the pre-slaughter live weight by 12.0 % (Р ≤ 0.001), the weight of an uncut carcass by 12.1 % (Р ≤ 0.001), half-cut carcass by 9.9 % (Р ≤ 0.01) and by 13.3 % (Р ≤ 0.001) relative to the control value. With the consumption of the investigated feed additive in broilers of the 2nd group, the level of total moisture in the pectoral muscles increased by 1.3 % (Р ≤ 0.05), and in the femoral muscles, the hygromoisture level was higher by 0.2 % (Р ≤ 0.05) and the amount of nitrogen by 0.2 % (Р ≤ 0.05), compared to the control group.

Feeding and killing indicators of pigs using the drug “Kronocid-L”

The effect of feeding the drug “Kronocid-L” with the content of chelated compounds of trace elements on the productivity and slaughter performance of fattening pigs was studied. The scientific and economic experiment was conducted on two analogous groups of 75-day-old fattening young pigs, 12 heads in each, obtained from crossing sows of the large white breed with boars of the landrace breed. The experiment lasted 105 days and consisted of two periods: an equalization period (15 days) and a main period (90 days). The control group of pigs consumed the basic diet during the equalization and baseline periods. The compound feed “Grower” included: corn – 25 %, wheat – 25 %, barley – 23 %, sunflower meal – 12 %, wheat bran – 7 %, soybean meal – 3 %, BMVD – 5 %. “Finisher” compound feed included: barley – 38 %, wheat – 24 %, wheat bran – 12 %, corn – 9 %, sunflower meal – 9 %, BMVD – 4 %. In addition to the main diet, the experimental group was fed the drug “Kronocid-L” with the content of chelated compounds of microelements at the rate of 1 liter per 1 ton of water. The drug “Kronrocid-L” is a transparent green-blue solution that contains chelate compounds of trace elements (iron, zinc, manganese and copper), formic, acetic, orthophosphoric, lactic, citric, succinic and benzoic acids in an amount of 19 % by weight in an aqueous solution. Experimental animals that received the drug “Kronocid-L” during the first stage of the main period (75–110 days) and the second stage of the main period (111–165 days) outweighed the pigs of the control group by live weight by 5.9 and 7.4, respectively %, with an average daily increase of 9.5 % (P < 0.05) for the entire period of fattening. The use of the drug “Kronocid-L” at the rate of 1 liter per 1 ton of water allows to reduce feed consumption by 6.2 %, which is 3.0 kg per 1 kg of growth. At the end of the scientific and economic experiment, a control slaughter of experimental pigs was carried out, 4 heads from each group. It was established that feeding pigs on fattening with the above-mentioned preparation contributes to an increase in slaughter weight and slaughter yield in the 2nd experimental group, respectively, by 12,8 kg or by 15 % (P < 0.05) and 5.6 % (P < 0.05) against benchmarks. At the same time, under the influence of the feed additive, the thickness of the lard above the 6–7 thoracic vertebra decreased by 3.2 mm or by 10 % (P < 0.05) and the area of the “muscle eye” increased by 2.8 cm2 or 6 % P < 0.01).

Effect of mineral feed additive on productivity of broiler chickens

Mineral elements play an essential role in the metabolic processes carried out in the animal body at the cellular level. They support homeostasis, acid-base balance, and osmotic pressure. Lack of mineral elements leads to disturbances in metabolic metabolism, reduced productivity, and increased morbidity in poultry. Therefore, the research aimed to establish the effect of selenium-containing feed additives on broiler chickens' live weight, gains, feed consumption, slaughter, and hematological indicators. Selenium – exchanges proteins, fats, and carbohydrates to regulate enzymatic and redox reactions. The introduction of selenium into animals' rations contributes to the normalization of metabolism, preventing the accumulation of toxic oxidation products and damage to the cell membrane. The experiment lasted 42 days. Two groups of Ross-308 cross-broiler chickens, 20 heads each, were selected for the experiment. In addition to compound feed, the second experimental group used a mineral feed additive at the rate of 100 g per 1 ton of compound feed. When broiler chickens were fed a mineral feed additive, live weight increased by 4.9 %, average daily weight gain by 4.8 %, and absolute weight gain by 5.0 %, relative to control counterparts. It was established that using a mineral feed additive in feeding broiler chickens of the 2nd group, the consumption of feed per 1 kg of growth decreased by 9.0 %, compared to control analogs. It was found that the pre-slaughter live weight of broiler chickens of the 2nd group increased by 5.0 %, the weight of non-carcass carcass by 5.6 %, half-carcass by 5.5 %, and carcass weight by 6.2 %, compared to the control value. In addition, under the influence of the studied feed additive, the mass of the pectoral muscles in broilers of the 2nd group increases by 16.0 % (Р ≤ 0.05) and thigh muscles by 36.0 % (Р ≤ 0.001) relative to control indicators. It was found that in the broilers of the 2nd group, under the influence of the additive, the slaughter yield of the thigh muscles increased by 29.4 % (Р ≤ 0.05) compared to the control group. It was established that under the action of the mineral supplement, the level of hemoglobin in broiler chickens of the 2nd group increased by 5.3 % (Р ≤ 0.05) relative to the control value.

Saving and productivity of broiler chickens for feeding an optimal dose of zinc proteinate

On the basis of conducted scientific research, it was set that the use of inorganic salts of trace elements in animal and poultry feed leads to environmental pollution with heavy metals due to their low biological availability for the animal organism. Therefore, in recent years, a number of investigations have been conducted to study the effectiveness of using organic trace elements in animal and poultry feed. The article deals with the results of a scientific and economic experiment on the investigation of the influence of domestically produced zinc proteinate in combination with zinc sulfate on indicators of preservation, growth intensity and feed conversion in broiler chickens. Broiler chickens of the control group were fed with a complete ration balanced in terms of necessary nutrients, in accordance with the age periods of the growth of the poultry, with the addition of 50 g per ton of zinc sulfate. Then, the broiler chickens of the research groups were received the same compound feed, but with the addition of 50 g and 30 g per ton of zinc proteinate compound feed. The live weight of broiler chickens of the research groups was significantly higher than the control. At the age of one week, it tended to increase in the chickens of the 2nd and 3rd research groups, and at the age of 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days, the live weight of the chickens of the 3rd research group exceeded the live weight of the poultry of the control group, respectively , by 15.8 g (Р < 0.05); 37.0 (P < 0.01); 96.8 (P < 0.05); 115.9 (P < 0.01) and 177.7 g (P < 0.05), or by 4.7 %, 4.6, 7.6, 6.5 and 7.1 %, while the chickens of the 2nd research group at this time exceeded the control group chickens in terms of live weight, but were slightly behind the peers of the 3rd research group. The researched doses of zinc proteinate contributed to the increase in the preservation of poultry stock by 4–5 %, the average daily weight gain of broilers in the research groups compared to the control, respectively, by 5.1–7.2 %. The European index of efficiency of broiler chickens growing for zinc proteinate feeding was increased by 48.4 and 76.7 units compared to the control group which were fed with zinc sulfate and at the same time feed costs per 1 kg of growth was decreased by 2.4–3.2 %.

Productivity and slaughter performance of pigs using a mineral feed additive

For the organization of pork production, it is necessary to create a strong fodder base that would provide the physiological needs of pigs in accordance with a reasonable level of productivity. The main method of growth stimulation and realization of the genetic endowments of animals is the use of biologically active feed additives in their feeding. The study of mineral nutrition of animals deserves special attention. Therefore, the aim of the research was to determine the influence of the mineral supplement “Mintrex Cu” on productivity and slaughter performance in pigs. Mineral feed supplement “Mintrex Cu” is a copper chelate of methionine hydroxy analog with a well-defined chemical structure, which contains 18 % copper and 79.5 % methionine activity. The protocol and procedures used in this study were ethically compliant with Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on the Protection of Animals, as well as the Law of Ukraine “On the Protection of Animals from Cruelty”. The experiment lasted 55 days. 24 heads of large white pigs were selected for the experiment. Formed two similar groups of 12 goals each. During the formation of groups, live weight, growth, age, sex and breed were taken into account. Animals were kept in group pens of 12 heads, according to the number of experimental groups, in a typical piggery for raising young animals. A control group of pigs was fed compound feed that provided their nutritional needs. The experimental group additionally consumed the mineral supplement “Mintrex Cu” in a dose of 280 g/t of feed. It was found that the additional use of the mineral feed additive “Mintrex Cu” increases the live weight of pigs of the 2nd experimental group by 4.8 % (Р ˂ 0.05), compared to the control group. In addition, it was recorded that the preservation of pigs increased in the 2nd experimental group by 2.0 % against the control. The use of a mineral supplement in the feeding of pigs of the 2nd group, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth is reduced by 14.2 % compared to the control group. It was established that the pigs of the 2nd group, which consumed the mineral supplement “Mintrex Cu” had a higher pre-slaughter live weight by 5.6 % (Р ˂ 0.05) and slaughter weight by 6.5 % (Р ˂ 0.05) and carcass weight by 8.2 % (Р ˂ 0.05) compared to the control indicator.

The influence of piglet weight placed for rearing on their productive quality and efficiency of rearing

The article studied the effect of the initial weight of piglets when placed on rearing on their growth intensity, average daily feed consumption and feed conversion, cost indicators of the rearing process, and the cost structure of rearing piglets. It was established that an increase in the initial weight of piglets when placed on rearing by 1.1 kg caused a decrease in the rearing duration by 3.17 %, and when it increased above 8 kg by 15.81 %. At the same time, an increase in average daily gains by 1.76 % and 10.13 % and an increase in the weight of piglets when transferred to fattening was noted by 2.03 % and 2.63 %, respectively. At the same time, it caused a decrease in absolute growth by 1.46 and 7.28 %. With an increase in the weight of piglets when they were placed on rearing, their average daily feed consumption increased by 8.43 and 18.07 %, but feed conversion worsened by 5.43 % and 7.61 %. Feed consumption per piglet during the rearing period did not depend on the initial live weight during rearing. With an increase in the initial live weight of piglets in rearing above 7.0 and 8.0 kg, their value also increased by 6.22 and 19.88 %. Whereas, when transferred to fattening, the cost of one pig in all groups was almost equalized, although it exceeded the cost of animals with less than 7 kg of initial live weight by 2.28 and 2.36 %, respectively. At the same time, the cost of growing one head, on the contrary, decreased by 2.77 and 20.12 %, with an increase in the initial weight when setting up for growth. The cost of rearing piglets that weighed more than 8 kg at birth was 17.84 % lower than the counterparts whose initial weight at rearing was 7–8 kg and by 20.12 % compared to animals whose live weight at the beginning of rearing was less than 7 kg The cost of feed spent on growing one piglet and obtaining 1 kg of growth did not have a clear trend of dependence on the initial live weight of piglets on growing. The share of feed in the cost of rearing one piglet increased with an increase in the live weight of piglets by 2.33 and 9.41 %, while the costs of veterinary care did not depend on the weight of piglets at the beginning of rearing. The weight of piglets at the time of rearing had a probable influence of 14.2 % on the average daily growth but did not significantly affect the preservation of piglets and the cost of their rearing.

Efficiency of using fodder meal of animal origin in the rearing of broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross

Studies on the effectiveness of the use of fodder meal of own production prepared from poultry waste as an ingredient of diets for feeding broiler chickens are presented. Scientific-economic and physiological experiments were carried out under production conditions in the Novosibirsk region in 2021, 2022. The object of the study were broiler chickens of the Ross-308 cross from 5 to 40 days of age. In the diet of the control group meat and bone meal in the amount of 5% of the diet structure was used, which in the two experimental groups was replaced by animal fodder meal of own production sterilized at different temperature regimes. In the 1st experimental group young animals consumed fodder meal sterilized at 135 °С, in the 2nd experimental group - at 150 ◦С. Sterilization was carried out in the boiler BC 10,000. The data obtained indicate that the live weight of broiler chickens was high in all groups, with the young birds of the control and 1st experimental groups significantly exceeded the 2nd experimental group by 3.1 and 2.6% (p <0.05) in terms of live weight. Energy of growth, keeping stock and feed expenses were close in all groups and were at the level of 71.1-73.4 g, 97.0-98.0% and 1.49-1.56 kg per 1 kg of growth respectively. Digestibility of crude protein and fat was high, differences between groups were insignificant. Digestibility of crude fiber was almost the same in the control and 1st experimental groups, in the 2nd experimental group it decreased by 1% relative to the control (p < 0.05). The maximum slaughter yield of meat (75.8%) was observed in the 1st experimental group, while in the control group this indicator was slightly lower (by 2.3%). In the 2nd experimental group, it was lower compared to the control and 1st experimental groups by 3.0 (p < 0.05) and 4.3% (p < 0.01), respectively. In the 2nd experimental group, the productivity index was lower compared to the other groups. Economic efficiency was high in all groups, but production efficiency increased by 16% when feed flour sterilized at 135 0C was fed to young animals.

GROWTH OF RAINBOW TROUT FINGERLING AT DIFFERENT LEVELS AND RATIOS OF LYSINE AND ARGININE IN COMBINED FEED

The article highlights the results of research on the influence of different levels and ratios of the amino acids lysine and arginine in compound feed and the growth and feed consumption of rainbow trout fingerling. For research, 6 groups were formed, 1 control and 5 experimental, each with 500 samples. Combined feed, which differed only in the content of lysine and arginine, was distributed 4 times a day at the rate of 3% of the weight of the fish. In the main period lasting 40 days, the level of arginine changed from 2.00 to 3.60% in compound feed against the background of 2 levels of lysine of 3.00 (groups 1–3) and 3.20% (groups 4–6). If the content of lysine in compound feed is taken as 100%, then the content of arginine varied from 62.50 to 120.00%. We determined the mass of trout, calculated absolute, average daily and relative growth, feed consumption per 1 kg of growth. With an increase in the level of arginine from 2.00 to 3.60% against the background of an effective level of lysine - 3.00% in the combined feed of rainbow trout fingerling, the weight of fish increases by 2.47-2.71% (р˂0.05), absolute, average daily and relative increases, respectively, by 3.04–3.24% (р˂0.05); 3.85% (р˂0.05) and 14.52–15.62 (р˂0.05)%, feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased by 2.91–3.02%. An increase in the level of arginine from 2.00 to 3.60% against the background of an increased level of lysine - 3.20% in the combined feed of rainbow trout this summer led to an increase in the weight of fish by 2.71-4.30% (р˂0.001), an absolute increase - by 3.14–5.14% (р˂0.001), average daily growth – by 3.85–7.69% (р˂0.001), relative growth – by 12.69–26.49 (р˂0.001) %, combined feed costs per 1 kg of growth decreased by 3.02–4.85%. An increase in the level of lysine in the combined feed from 3.00 to 3.20% against the background of the basic level of arginine - 2.00% in the combined feed of trout this summer probably did not affect the weight and intensity of fish growth. In our studies, no antagonism phenomena between lysine and arginine were established. A one-sided increase in the content of lysine in compound feed did not lead to a decrease in the growth of rainbow trout fingerling. The high rate of growth of rainbow trout this summer was obtained with a ratio between lysine and arginine in compound feed of 1.05–1.20:1. The most effective ratio was 1.13:1.

Productivity and slaughter rates of rabbits fed by probiotic supplement probi-ol

The productivity, slaughter parameters and weight of internal organs of fattening young rabbits of the White Giant breed additionally fed by probiotic supplement Probiol containing three types of lactic acid bacteria (Streptococcus faecium, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus salius) have been researched. It was found out that additional feeding by probiotic supplement Probiol in the amount of 0.025 % to weight of feed has a positive effect on productivity, survival and slaughter indicators of young rabbits. The second experimental group rabbits have increased live weight by 14.4%, survival by 13%; feed consumption per 1 kg of growth decreased by 12 %. Slaughter rates in experimental group exceeded their counterparts in the control group, which confirms the feasibility of introducing a probiotic supplement to rabbits for fattening.

Effectiveness of using high-protein sunflower concentrate in pig feeding

The article studied the dependence of productive qualities and feed cost on the growth of pigs during rearing and fattening with partial (50 %) and complete (100 %) replacement of soybean meal with high-protein protein concentrate “Proglot” in the diet. It was established that the use of partial and complete replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate in the rearing of piglets led to a decrease in the growing intensity of piglets by 0.87 % with partial and 4.95 % with total replacement. And as a result of a decrease in live weight by 0.3 % at the end of the growing period with a partial and by 1.2 % with a complete replacement of soybean products with sunflower in the starter compound feed. At the same time, feed conversion turned out to be the best in the group of animals that partially replaced soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate – 2.30 kg, which is 1.41 % better than in animals that consumed soybean meal in the starter feed and by 5.37 % compared to animals in which this meal was completely replaced by high-protein sunflower concentrate. Replacing soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate made it possible to reduce the cost of 1 kg of feed by 2.24 % when it was partially replaced and by 4.57 % when it was replaced entirely. The feed cost of 1 kg of growth in piglets that consumed feed with a partial replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate decreased by 3.64 % and by 3.47 % in animals that completely replaced soybean meal with this product. Animals whose diet was replaced entirely with soybean meal by high-protein sunflower concentrate had the lowest feed cost per head. According to this indicator, they outnumbered peers with partial replacement by 3.83 % and 4.33 %, where such replacement was not done. Animals whose diet was replaced entirely with soybean meal by high-protein sunflower concentrate had the lowest feed cost per head for the entire experiment period. According to this indicator, they were 3.14 % better than their peers, partially replaced by 5.25 %. It was not carried out. The index of fattening qualities of pigs was the highest in pigs with partial replacement of soybean meal with high-protein sunflower concentrate, 31.2 points. In contrast, in animals with the complete replacement, it was 9.75 % lower, and by 2.74 %, and in analogs with such replacement was not conducted. A clear tendency to increase the intensity of growth of piglets was established with the combined use (50/50 %) of soybean meal and high-protein sunflower concentrate. However, the use of only high-protein sunflower concentrate probably reduces this indicator. It was determined that replacing soybean meal with high-protein protein concentrate “Proglot” reduces the cost of feed and, as a result, the cost of feed per unit of growth and per head of pigs after fattening.

The results of growing broiler chickens when feeding larvae of the fly hermetia illucens

Purpose: to establish the productive action of the larvae of the flies of black lion's (Hermetia Illucens L.) when fed to the Cobb 500 crossbreaks as part of complete compound feeds.Materials and methods. In each series of experiments, 4 experimental groups of chickens of Cross "Cobb 500", 40 goals in the group were formed. An experimental bird was grown in conditions of cellular content of 2 tiers, where the parameters of microclimate and water supply were regulated automatically. The methodology and conditions of experiments were carried out according to the requirements of the methodological recommendations of the scientists of the Netip (2013). The larva entry rate was set at the rate of 3 %, 5 % and 8 % of the mass of compound feed. Poultry feeding was carried out by full-time compound feeds according to the recommended daily feeding standards for cross-country, so in the first 30 days they fed PK-5 compound feed, then from 31 days of life to the face of the feed-PK-6. The nutritional value of the PC -5 compound feed, which we used at the beginning of growing (1-30 days of experience) was per 100 g of product: OE - 1.318 MJ/315 kcal, raw protein - 24.3%, raw fiber - 3.6% and Raw fat - 5.54% on St. The nourishing of the final feed PC-6, respectively, was: 1.318 MJ/315 kcal of OE, 20.9% raw protein, 4.1% raw fiber and 5.2% fat.Results. According to laboratory analysis, it was found that the average water content in the larvae during the development period was from 62.9 to 64.5 %, while with age its concentration in the insect was slightly reduced. The same trend was traced with the content of raw fat. The concentration of protein in the larvae remained relatively constant at 38.8-39.9 % per dry mass (cm) regardless of the age of their development. The calorie content on average was 290 kcal of exchange energy (OE) in 100 grams of dry mass of larvae. According to the results of the experiments, the best effect was obtained when the larvae in the composition of the full compound feed in the amount of 3 % of the mass during the entire growing period. The live weight of the chickens of this experimental group exceeded control by 197 grams, and broilers that consumed 5 % of the larvae ahead of them by 172 grams. Moreover, the average daily growths of chickens in a group that consumed 3 % of the larvae of the flush of black lioness were 6.05 % higher than the group than the main diet. Accounting for feed costs and their residues for the growth of an experimental bird made it possible to establish that the greatest effect was obtained when feeding the larva. The cost of feeding for 1 kg of growth differed by 5.18-6.16 % of control. At the same time, the chickens were fed in the amount of 3 and 8 %, the indicators were almost equal.Conclusion. The organoleptic assessment of meat samples showed that the studied characteristics of the control and experimental groups did not differ significantly, which emphasizes the lack of negative effects of the larva on the quality of the meat of the chickens. It has been established that the most effective dose of feeding the larva is 3 % of the mass of full -time compound feed during the entire period of cultivation. The use of black lion's larvae in the specified dosage helps to reduce feed costs by 6.2% and does not worsen the quality indicators of the products produced, and also provides a positive effect on the energy of the COBB 500 cross - sized growth of about 6.0 %.

INTENSITY OF GROWTH, SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF REARING ROSS 308 CROSS BROILER CHICKENS WHEN THE FEED ADDITIVE ZASLON 2+ IS USED IN THE DIET

The article presents the material on the use of the feed additive Zaslon 2+ in the diet of Ross 308 cross broiler chickens. A production trial was carried out on 2000 birds. Two groups were formed. The poultry of the control group (1000 birds) received CP-5-0 in the starter period, CP-2-0 – in the rearing period, CP-3 – in the finishing period. The broiler chickens of the experimental group received the same diet with the introduction of 0.5 kg per 1 ton of the feed additive with adsorbing action Zaslon 2+. These trials confirmed that in order to improve economic efficiency, it is advisable to include a feed additive in the diet to reduce exposure to toxins in feeds, in order to increase the average daily weight gain by 10.7%, carcass slaughter yield – by 1.8%, safety rate – by 3.7%, while reducing feed costs per 1 kg of products by 7.7%, to reduce the feed expenditures per 1 kg of growth – 4.37 rubles, to obtain surplus of 28.94 rubles per 1 broiler chicken.

БУКОВАЯ МУКА В РАЦИОНЕ ПЕРЕПЕЛОВ

To increase the meat productivity of quails, increase production volumes and reduce the cost of poultry production, it is necessary to include non-traditional additives in the poultry diet that contribute to the normalization of metabolic processes and improve the digestibility of feed nutrients. The article presents the results of a study on the use of beech flour in feeding meat quails. Feeding experimental compound feeds to quails increased the digestibility and use of nutrients, the profitability of meat production by 3 and 4.5%, and reduced costs per 1 kg of growth by 2.07 and 3.79%.

The feasibility of using a probiotic to increase the egg productivity of chickens

The authors conducted a scientific and economic experience in LLC "Alyona". For research on the principle of analogues from chickens of the Rhodonite-2 cross, 2 groups (400 heads each) were formed from the daily age, taking into account gender, body weight and physiological condition. The duration of rearing of the repair young was 17 weeks, after which the bird was transferred to the laying hens workshop. The planting density, light mode, and feeding front of birds of all groups were the same and corresponded to the norms of VNITIP. Feeding was carried out with the same full-fledged compound feed, balanced in all nutrients and metabolic energy, with the inclusion of a probiotic SUB-PRO in the feed mixture of the experimental group. The introduction of a probiotic into the diet when raising chickens up to 13 weeks of age ensured a higher safety of young animals in the experimental group. The addition of a probiotic reduced feed costs. During the growing period of 1-13 weeks, feed costs per 1 kg of growth were lower in the experimental group, by 3.3% for 14-21 weeks and by 3.9% during the experiment period.

Productivity of chicken broilers at different levels and ratios between arginine and lysine in compound feed

The article presents research to determine the optimal levels and ratios of arginine and lysine in complete feed for broiler chickens of different ages. The object of research was broiler chickens "Cobb-500". The experiments were performed by the group method. During the main period of 42 days, taking into account the age of the chickens, there were three subperiods: 1-10; 11–22; 23–42 days. 600 heads of 1-day-old broiler chickens were selected for the experiments, from which 6 groups of 100 heads each were formed on the principle of analogues. The age and live weight of chickens were taken into account when selecting analogues. Chickens were kept in one room on the floor at a planting density of 12 heads per 1 m2. The feeding front was 2.5 cm, the watering front was 1.5 cm. The air temperature and lighting of the premises corresponded to the sanitary norms adopted in poultry farming. The chickens were fed compound feed twice a day. The level of lysine and arginine in poultry diets was regulated by the introduction of synthetic preparations of these amino acids in the feed. According to the scheme of the experiment, broiler chickens were fed complete feed during the experiment, balanced in metabolic energy and all nutrients, in accordance with the standards recommended by Cobb. The set and quantity of the main ingredients in the feed were regulated depending on the period of growing chickens (1-10, 11-22 and 23-42 days) and the required content of lysine and arginine. As a result of the conducted researches it was established that the wide arginine-lysine ratio helped to increase the growth rate by reducing feed costs per 1 kg of growth in all periods of cultivation. A slight narrowing of the arginine-lysine ratio contributed to gains at the control level, or slightly higher. With a more significant increase in the share of lysine, the gains decreased incredibly, but more significantly, also increased feed costs.