Key Trends In Development Research Articles

Integrating Behavioural Economics into Skill Development

Abstract The contemporary economic scenario, characterized by modern technology and global relationships, demands a workforce equipped with both traditional economic knowledge and modern skills. This research explores the evolving trends in economics skill development, focusing on how educational institutions are adapting their curricula to meet these emerging demands. Traditional lecture-based methods, as criticized by early scholars like Becker and Watts, are increasingly being replaced by interactive, student-centred methodologies that foster critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. The integration of digital tools and data analytics into economics education, highlighted by McGoldrick and Peterson, reveals the broader shift toward data-driven decision-making in the global economy. Furthermore, the integration of behavioural economics, data science, and other interdisciplinary fields, enhancing students' ability to apply economic concepts to real-world experiments. This research employs a diverse-methods approach, combining surveys of educators and students with content analysis of current economics programs, to identify key trends in skill development. This study reveals a strong emphasis on data analysis skills, the integration of interdisciplinary content, and the adoption of experiential learning methods such as internships and case studies. These shifts specify a move away from traditional theory to practical, applied learning experiences enhance the students to meet demands of the modern economy. The study concludes with recommendations for better investment in educational resources, and an increased focus on experiential learning. By adapting these trends, economics education can continue to produce professionals capable of navigating the people towards global economy.

Driving Success: Unveiling Key Trends in Employee Training and Competency Development within the Automotive Industry

Driving Success: Unveiling Key Trends in Employee Training and Competency Development within the Automotive Industry

Implementing Horizon Scanning as a tool for the strategic development of regulatory guidelines for nanotechnology-enabled health products.

Strategic regulatory development is essential to ensure that new innovations in nanotechnology-enabled health products (NHPs) successfully reach the market and benefit patients. Currently, the lack of specific regulatory guidelines for NHPs is considered one of the primary causes of the so-called "valley of death" in these products, impacting both current and future advancements. In this study, we have implemented a methodology to anticipate key trends in NHP development and compare them with the current regulatory landscape applicable to NHPs. This methodology relies on Horizon Scanning, a tool commonly used by policymakers to foresee future needs and proactively shape a regulatory framework tailored to those needs. Through the application of this methodology, different trends in NHP have been identified, notably NHPs for drug delivery and dental applications. Furthermore, the most disruptive elements involve NHPs that are multicomposite and multifunctional, harnessing nano-scale properties to combine therapeutic and diagnostic purposes within a single product. When compared with the regulatory landscape, current regulations are gradually adapting to accommodate emerging trends, with specific guidelines being developed. However, for the most disruptive elements, multicomposite and multifunctional NHPs, their novelty still poses significant regulatory challenges, requiring a strategic development of guidelines by regulatory agencies to ensure their safe and effective integration into healthcare practices. This study underscores the importance of proactive regulatory planning to bridge the gap between NHP innovation and market implementation.

Digital behavior of Russians: The impact of wealth level and the COVID-19 pandemic

One of the key trends in the modern socio-economic development of society and the state is digitalization. The degree of influence of COVID-19 on the digital behavior of the population and their use of the Internet still remains controversial and interesting to study. In this regard, the purpose of the study: to establish the relationship between the level of well-being of citizens of the Russian Federation and digital behavior and its change during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: the study is based on the method of constructing stratification scales: by the level of income of the population, by the level of property, by the use of digital technologies. Results: Comparison of the results of constructing the Income and Assets scales with the results of Digital Behavior allowed us to conclude that there is a relationship between the well-being of citizens and their ability to use digital resources, and a comparative analysis of 2019 and 2020 data allowed us to establish, firstly, the impact of the pandemic on the well-being of citizens and the degree of their stratification, and, secondly, the impact of coronavirus on the digital behavior of Russians and their use of the Internet. Conclusions: based on the results of the study, it was possible to establish that by the time the COVID-19 pandemic and the self-isolation period began in 2020, Russians were already actively using various digital resources. The data showed that coronavirus was more of an indicator than a factor, which clearly demonstrated the dependence of Russians’ digital behavior on their level of well-being. This happened due to the fact that during the coronavirus period, the stratification of society by income and assets changed somewhat, which increased the gap between different groups of the population and reduced the access of certain categories of citizens to digital resources, while others were pushed to their more active use due to the existing socially significant assets and income.

Key trends of rural development in the world and their projection on Russia

This article is the first attempt by the authors to formulate key trends in the field of rural development. The main tool is a bibliometric analysis based on the Scopus database. In 2021, the priority areas of scientific research are rural tourism, environmental problems in rural areas, the creation of engineering infrastructure, sustainable rural communities as well as climate change and its impact on rural areas. In the course of the study, the authors found that the interest in rural development is growing rapidly: tenfold from 2000 to 2021. We proposed to divide the directions of scientific research into two groups: lower and upper levels. Developed countries are focused on leading research areas, less developed — on the lowest. These include problems of rural poverty, infrastructure, rural population outflow and depopulation. The authors also conducted a desk study to identify key trends in rural development. The projection of these trends onto Russian rural areas opens up new windows of opportunity for them. These are the diversification of the rural economy through rural tourism and the development of alternative types of employment, the establishment of eco-settlements, the production of environmentally friendly farm products, and the creation of new rural settlements in areas that will become climatically favorable as a result of the projected climate change.

The consumers’ behavior as a driver of retail trends

Under the conditions of unprecedented war­time social and economic upheavals, restarting activities is considered not just as a factor in the development of modern trade enterprises, but as an indispensable condition for their survival in extreme reality. Adapting to new realities in the field of trade is possible only on the basis of under­standing the changes taking place in Ukrainian society. The aim of the article is to identification of determinants of consumer behavior that gene­rate key trends in retail development under war­time conditions. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, logical generalization, systematization and com­parison, SWOT analysis were used in the paper. The state of retail development under the condi­tions of martial law in Ukraine was studied in the context of modern threats and opportunities, strengths and weaknesses. In order to form an idea of modern retail trends, consumer behavior in retail was studied from various angles and a range of problems that concern the modern consumer were outlined. The characteristics of goods for which the buyer is ready to overpay and consumer priorities in favor of purchasing domestic goods have been identified. The methods of delivery of goods acceptable to buyers and the attitude of Ukrainians to new brands have been determined. A change in the emphasis of consu­mers in favor of cheaper goods, an increase in rationality in the purchase of goods and a shift in consumer expectations from trade enterprises in the direction of socially responsible behavior were noted. The complex realities of war caused colossal damage to retail activity in Ukraine, but at the same time – opened a portal of oppor­tunities for its transformation in the direction of awareness and consideration of modern deter­minants of consumer behavior, establishment of a constructive dialogue with the consumer and effective response to current market challenges.

Best available technologies in a modern economy: the basis for import substitution and a tool for transition to a circular economy

The best available techniques (BAT) today serve as a tool to overcome the turbulence of economic processes. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the role of the best available techniques for modern Russian industry in the face of new challenges. The author’s position is based on a broad view of BAT that goes beyond environmental aspects. In this regard, a conceptual model of BAT is proposed, based on the idea of harmonizing the development goals of industrial systems against the background of sanctions pressure on the Russian economy and technological backwardness of domestic manufacturing enterprises, and convergence of key trends in industrial development, in particular, sustainable development, the ESG concept, the green economy and the closed-loop economy. A distinctive feature of the author’s approach is the expansion of the boundaries of the potential effect, taking into account its correlation with global trends in industrial development. It is proved that the BAT are able to play the role of a springboard to achieve technological sovereignty of Russia. The formulated scientific provisions can be taken into account within the framework of the development of the BAT methodology.

Ответы российской логистической системы на вызовы западных санкций: обход или нивелирование?

Purpose: To provide analytical overview of Russia's logistic system current state under new sanction package introduction as of August 2022, including analysis of possible responses to formed challenges to national transport-logistic market. Methods: The method of analytical review of Russia and World transport-logistic market state in conditions of sanctions new package is applied. The results of the study: The analysis of trends in the development of Russia logistic system made it possible to determine possible RF responses to foreign economic turnover challenges in terms of transport and container blockade as well as to formulate potential options for leveling sanctions new package negative impact on national logistic system. New logistic schemes “bypassing anti-Russian sanctions” should be considered exclusively as a forced, temporary way out of existing transport and economic blockade and not like 2.0-level logistics at minimal number of participants and a list of operations with goods. Main triggers under anti-Russia sanctions influence have become: production purchase for in store, active search for domestic analogues, trade routes complete renewal and access to delivery new markets. The answers to these challenges for logistic domestic systems may be three tracks: dependence reduction from key suppliers, alternative delivery methods formation and “to the East” direction work reorientation. Practical significance: Analytical review of the options for the development of domestic transport-logistic system in new geopolitical situation conditions has been carried out. The ways of leveling Western country sanction negative effects upon RF logistic system are characterized. Based on the results of the study, the key trends in RF logistic system development and response pool to external challenges are formulated.

Analyzing past and future trends in Pakistan's groundwater irrigation development: implications for environmental sustainability and food security.

Since the last four decades, groundwater irrigation has played a critical role in improving crop production and rural livelihoods. However, the flawed policies have allowed farmers to install private tube wells relentlessly, resulting in a slew of water quality and environmental issues. This study aims to investigate the key trends in temporal development of groundwater irrigation and its consequences in Pakistan. The dataset, which spanned 38years (1981 to 2018), included variables such as the number of tube wells, wheat area and production, farm size, total cultivated area, and total irrigated area in Punjab province. Our results show that, while the number of government-installed tube wells has decreased over time, the number of private tube wells has increased by 579% since 1981. About 85% of these privately owned tube wells are diesel tube wells, while the remaining 15% are electric tube wells. The ARDL regression results show that groundwater development, as a result of growth in private tube wells, has significantly aided wheat production in both the short and long run. However, the results of ARIMA model show that, in the absence of any regulatory mechanism to limit private tube well growth, the number of private tube wells in Punjab will increase by 43% over the next two decades, potentially jeopardizing the country's groundwater sustainability and food security. To ensure the sustainability of groundwater use, farmers' incomes, and the food security of the population, there is an urgent need to devise policy options to limit the growth of probate tube wells in the province. In addition, the new regulations should consider the equity implications and the economic shock to poor farms and households.

Тенденции развития национальной платежной системы России в условиях усиления внешнеполитического давления

The article deals with Russian national payment system (NPS) development and considers it through the factor of growing geopolitical pressure. The main scientific and practical problem of the article is increasing risk of political, financial, economic and social damage for Russia as a result of Western countries’ sanctions. The purpose of the research is to identify key trends in Russian NPS development under intensified foreign political pressure. The methodological and conceptual basis of the article includes theories of sustainable socio-economic development, financial markets and public finances, the National Security Strategy of Russia, the Strategy for the National Payment System Development for 2021–2023. The article notes significant achievements in the Russian NPS development in recent years. The authors highlight key trends in the NPS development, namely: increasing in number and volume of non-cash payments inside the country, expanding use of bank cards as a payment instrument, developing tools of bank card service, restructuring operations on bank cards, developing independent national payment instruments (Financial messaging system and “Mir” payment system). The main risks and threats for the NPS associated with negative for Russia foreign policy factors are also outlined.

MACROECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BANK LENDING TO INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES: CHALLENGES OF TODAY

The aim of the article is to highlight the key modern macroeconomic aspects and trends in the development of bank lending to industrial enterprises in highly developed countries of the world and to identify promising areas for its further development. The methodological basis of the study is the generalization of the results of applied research in the field of economics, scientific papers, statistical data, which highlight certain aspects of the development of the modern globalized economy, in particular its impact on the macroeconomic features of industrial development and bank lending to industrial enterprises. Results. The influence of financialization on the macroeconomic environment and the development of bank lending to industrial enterprises (on the example of the USA, Great Britain, Germany) is investigated. The influence of such unprecedented for the XXI century force majeure factors as the COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine on the macroeconomic environment and the development of bank lending to industrial enterprises is considered. The key trends in global economic development that stimulate transformations and structural changes in the macroeconomic environment of highly developed countries are highlighted. The role of bank lending to industrial enterprises in these processes is determined, which consists in lending to industrial innovations, as well as in the development of such promising areas as the "green" and "blue" economy. Practical implications. The practical results can be the basis for further research: on solving the problems of convergence of the financial and real sectors of the financialized economy, in particular with the participation of bank lending to industrial enterprises; on the role and importance of bank lending to industrial enterprises in overcoming the current macroeconomic consequences of the war in Ukraine; on certain aspects of the integration of bank capital into the development of industrial enterprises that are part of the "green", "blue" economy. Value/originality. The results of the study provide a deeper understanding of the role and contribution of bank lending to industrial enterprises in the processes of ensuring positive macroeconomic dynamics and maintaining macroeconomic stability, as well as allow to assess the depth of prospects for the development of bank lending to industrial enterprises.

Запросы бизнеса: готовность HR-систем отвечать на вызовы времени (по материалам Омского кадрового форума, 2022)

The result of the 17th Omsk Personnel Forum are presented. The main topic of the forum's discussions was the approaches of companies and HR departments to the adjustment of companies under regular changes in the parameters of the external environment. The key problems that HR specialists face while building recruitment and staffing policies are highlighted. The article marks differentiation of the regional labour markets by attractiveness for employment and speed of response to the challenges of economic regulation and policy. The results of monitoring the labor market, describing parameters of correlation of demand and supply of labor, cost of labor are presented. The article offers suggestions about key trends in development of theory and practice of personnel management. The set of trends is due to the change of the employee groups in the labor market and the business's request for preliminary analytical development of management decisions.

LEASING MARKET IN KAZAKHSTAN: REALITIES AND NEW CHALLENGES

The purpose of the paper is to develop proposals for development of the market of Kazakhstan's leasing services, based on current research and analysis of their key features, taking into account trends in the EAEU countries.Methodology. In this paper there were used following methods of data analysis: logical methods of researching information on the market (which made it possible to identify key trends in development), qualitative and quantitative data analysis, as well as a graphical visualization method. At the same time, the widespread use of statistical methods of economic market analysis based on data from the EAEU countries made it possible to show promising opportunities for the development of the national sector.Originality / value of the research. Identification of the main trends and problems in the development of leasing services in Kazakhstan and in the EAEU countries in order to identify opportunities for expanding business investment instruments. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the leasing sector indicators, which makes it possible to identify similar and contradictory trends for countries that once had the same basic conditions for development.Findings. In Kazakhstan, there is a revival of the market for leasing services, even despite the crisis events against the pandemic. The influence of quasi-state leasing companies on the market discourages the development of private business in this financial services sector. The need to expand the range of leasing services and qualitatively update the mechanisms for financing private leasing companies will allow the Kazakhstani market to become competitive in the system of the EAEU countries.

Transport System and Infrastructure

Transportation systems face ever-increasing challenges due to escalating urbanization. Ageing transportation infrastructure struggles to meet today’s needs while personal choices related to urban transportation have evolved in a way that car-oriented transport policies of the past are no longer adequate. As a result, a paradigm shift supporting public transport and active travel modes is becoming increasingly dominant. The objective of this research is to highlight key trends in urban transport infrastructure development and operation needed for the new sustainable mobility policies. On that purpose, a review of contemporary practices concerning network hierarchy, public transport, urban streets, and mobility as a service was carried out, followed by a critical synthesis. A clearly defined transport network hierarchy and a well-designed road network accommodating all modes of transport will continue playing an important role in efficient transport operations, however the importance of the development of public transport infrastructure (physical and digital) and implementing bold schemes (such as free public transport) is even more crucial to bolster city sustainability and livability. To that end, the support of active travel modes through additional infrastructure, the integration of services through MaaS schemes and the prioritization of accessibility over mobility are also seen as prerequisites for the smart city of the future. Finally, the reduction of traffic speeds in urban streets can increase the balance between motorized and active travel modes while increasing safety and sustainability in cities.

Healthcare in Eastern Siberia during the Great Patriotic War

The subject of this research lies in examination of the key trends in healthcare development of Eastern Siberia and implemented activity during the Great Patriotic War based on the statistical data extracted from the USSR People's Commissariat of Health of the State Archive of the Russian Federation. The author traces the dynamics of development the network of in-patient, outpatient-polyclinic and sanitary anti-epidemic medical care facilities of the region, and the state of its human resourcing. The data is provided on the number of patients admitted to the in-patient medical institutions and the amount of visits in out-patient medical facilities. The article reveals key results of the Eastern Siberian medicine activity, as well as the mechanism for their achievement. This author is first to analyze the summary data on the development of healthcare in Eastern Siberia. The conclusion is made on the slow development of medical network and difficult situation with its human resourcing. It is established that the due to the deployment of a network of evacuation hospitals in Krasnoyarsk Krai, this regions faced the most challenging situation. The reduced healthcare capacity entailed the decline in rendering medical aid in Eastern Siberia. However, due to the accurate determination of priority tasks abd competent utilization of the available human and material resources, the healthcare system of Eastern Siberia maintained the provision of medical care to the population at the minimum essential level, as well as fought the group of gastrointestinal infections. Therefore, despite the severe wartime conditions, the healthcare system of Eastern Siberia managed to reduce the mortality rate of the population significantly.

Key Trends in Esg-Agenda Development: Reviewing the Situation in Russia and the World

The article studies successive implementation of the concept of sustainable development on the international and Russian market starting with the official formulating the concept in the report ‘Our Common Future’, which was presented by the UN in 1987 and till the latest trends of national economy of the Russian Federation. The author provides the gist of key aspects and notions of ESG-approach to management, analyzes their rise and assesses the degree of their academic elaboration and practical use in Russia. On the basis of the current trend analysis a conclusion was drawn about the importance of introducing the concept of management from ESG-standpoint on all levels of economy. Scientific generalization of practical experience allowed the author to come to the conclusion that international trends of sustainable development will determine the general line in ESG-approach to management of social and economic development in Russia on all levels – from federal to corporate one. The article identifies key regulator trends in carbon regulation, the development of tools of green and responsible financing, commitments on ESG-information revealing and risk management. The latest initiatives of big state, public and finance companies in issuance of green bonds were described, as well as acute trends in the state regulator work in ESG- sphere.

Trends in peptide drug discovery.

Since the introduction of insulin almost a century ago, more than 80 peptide drugs have reached the market for a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cancer, osteoporosis, multiple sclerosis, HIV infection and chronic pain. In this Perspective, we summarize key trends in peptide drug discovery and development, covering the early efforts focused on human hormones, elegant medicinal chemistry and rational design strategies, peptide drugs derived from nature, and major breakthroughs in molecular biology and peptide chemistry that continue to advance the field. We emphasize lessons from earlier approaches that are still relevant today as well as emerging strategies such as integrated venomics and peptide-display libraries that create new avenues for peptide drug discovery. We also discuss the pharmaceutical landscape in which peptide drugs could be particularly valuable and analyse the challenges that need to be addressed for them to reach their full potential.

The Law of the Network Society and the Problem of Hybridity Management

The network society, which is relevant to the social landscape of the 21st century, determines the building of a new architecture of law. The current legal map of the world is extremely heterogeneous and often does not coincide with the political map of the world. It is full of a variety of normative arrays that collide with each other, layered on top of each other, while the traditional legal methodology is not always able to resolve conflicts that arise. The problem of controversy between law and not law is gaining considerable potential due to the rapid growth of non-legal matter and the emergence of legitimizing institutions. The situation is complicated by the simultaneous existence of several institutional dispute resolution systems (state, non-state, alternative, platform-based) that refer to completely different, relatively autonomous subsystems of norms as applicable law. Such material and institutional fragmentation, the emergence of hybrid regulatory and institutional regimes has provoked an active search for new principles of building a legal architecture that is adequate to such a rapidly changing society. Globalization is transforming into networking, which redefines the geography of the world, the well-known and traditional principles of affiliation of legal entities, and then exacerbates the debates about legal taxonomy. The marked evolution of the legal superstructure also generates new types of conflicts, prompting the search for a new or adaptation of the known methodology in order to overcome them.The paper attempts to explore the new normativity in the context of a new sociality, to identify key trends in the development of the law of a network society, to predict the development of individual legal and sub-legal institutions, and to model legal ways of managing hybridity.

Methodological Approaches and Features of Formation of the Digital Image of Sectoral Socio-Economic Systems (Through the Example of the Logistics System for Military Customers)

The presented study examines the specific sectoral aspects of formation of the digital image of socioeconomic systems. The subject of the study is the logistics system for military customers. Aim . This study aims to examine the problems and prospects of forming a promising digital image of the key element of military-economic relations — the logistics system for military customers. At the same time, the digital transformation of this system is considered not as an independent phenomenon, but in the context of a broader trend involving organizational and technological transformations. Tasks . The authors identify stages in the development of theoretical ideas about the organizational transformations of the examined system; consider the key technologies that can serve as a basis of the digital logistics system for military customers; formulate the principles of operation of this system based on the provisions of the ecosystem approach. Methods . The study uses the methodology of the ecosystem approach, military-economic and evolutionary analysis, methods of grouping, comparison, and expert assessment. Results . Digitalization is found to be one of the key trends in modern socio-economic development. However, the studies of this phenomenon remain insufficiently diverse from the sectoral perspective. The digitalization of military-economic processes is a particularly underexplored area. The authors propose to consider it in the context of not only general socio-economic, but also specific sectoral organizational and technological transformations associated with the improvement of the national (military) security system. It is established that this approach is new and integrates previous directions of Russian research into the transformations of the examined complex sectoral socio-economic system. The conducted analysis indicates that the following key technologies can serve as a basis for an advanced digital logistics system for military customers: Internet of things; big data; cloud technologies; artificial intelligence; virtual and augmented reality; blockchain; process automation; additive manufacturing. When developing such a system, it is recommended to apply the principles of transparency, modularity, platform approach, integrality, and network nature. Conclusions . The conducted study shows that the formation of the digital image of socio-economic systems has peculiar industry-specific features that should be taken into account when creating and developing such systems. In particular, the study highlights this specificity in relation to the logistics system for military customers. The formulated theoretical provisions and practical recommendations can be used to improve this system.

Priorities of Scientific and Technological Development of the Railway Industry in the Context of Digitalization: International Expertise

Digitalization opens new opportunities and ways of doing business in all sectors of the economy. This process does not bypass the railway industry. The criticality of digitalization of the industry is explained by the widespread use of railway transport, and the increasing demand on quality and speed of providing transportation services. The article is devoted to the analysis of the priorities of digital transformation of the railway industry and highlights key trends of digital transformation, as well as priority areas of scientific and technological developments. The objective is to describe a three-level study of prospects for scientific and technological development of the railway industry in the context of digitalization of the economy based on application of the methods of system analysis to international expertise and practices. The first level of the study was devoted to identification of the main directions of development of digital technologies which can be applied to railway transport; the second level was the analysis of strategic railway documents developed in some regions followed by identification of key trends in digital development; the third one made it possible to identify the most effective information technologies to be implemented for railways, particularly in the Russian Federation.