Development Of Key Technologies Research Articles

Using virtual reality for occupational safety and health in a UK tunnelling megaproject

Recent advancements into key technological developments (KTDs) are leading to a paradigm shift in the way that occupational safety and health (OSH) is managed in the architecture, engineering, construction and operation sector. This paper reports on a pilot case study where building information modelling and virtual reality were used for OSH training purposes related to the operation of a tunnel-boring machine. The aim of the research was to identify the benefits, barriers and challenges associated with the implementation of these KTDs in a joint venture organisation delivering part of a complex megaproject in Central London, UK, the Thames Tideway Tunnel project (thereafter, ‘Tideway’). The reported benefits included better safety in design and improved hazard perception. Tideway estimates that the project could potentially see a 20% reduction in training time and a 10% reduction in accidents. The key lessons learned include the need to keep costs down, the necessity for system portability and ease of access. The results of the study will assist organisations that are interested in the adoption of these KTDs and provide valuable insights to the wider construction industry. This will in turn enable companies to improve how OSH is managed and promote the uptake of KTDs for OSH.

ISAC towards 6G Satellite–Terrestrial Communications: Principles, Status, and Prospects

With the evolution of fifth-generation (5G) to sixth-generation (6G) communication systems, the utilization of spectrum resources faces incremental challenges. Integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technology, as a crucial element in 6G technology, is expected to enhance energy efficiency and spectrum utilization efficiency by integrating radar and communication signals, achieving environmental awareness, and enabling scene interconnection. Simultaneously, to realize the vision of seamless coverage in 6G, research on integrated satellite-terrestrial communication has been prioritized. To integrate the advantages, ISAC for integrated satellite–terrestrial networks (ISTNs) in 6G has emerged as a potential research direction. This paper offers an extensive overview of the present state of key technologies for ISAC and the development of ISTNs. Meanwhile, with a focus on the ISTN-oriented 6G ISAC system, several hotspot topics, including future application scenarios and key technological developments, are outlined and demonstrated.

Upgrading the GRAVITY fringe tracker for GRAVITY+

Context. The GRAVITY beam-combiner at the Very Large Telescope Interferometer has recently made important contributions to many different fields of astronomy, from observations of the Galactic centre to the study of massive stars, young stellar objects, exoplanet atmospheres, and active galactic nuclei. These achievements were only made possible by the development of several key technologies, including the development of reliable and high-performance fringe trackers. These systems compensate for disturbances ranging from atmospheric turbulence to vibrations in the optical system, enabling long exposures and ensuring the stability of interferometric measurements. Aims. As part of the ongoing GRAVITY+ upgrade of the Very Large Telescope Interferometer infrastructure, we aim to improve the performance of the GRAVITY fringe tracker, and to enable its use by other instruments. Methods. We modified the group-delay controller to consistently maintain tracking in the white-light fringe, which is characterised by a minimum group delay. Additionally, we introduced a novel approach in which fringe-tracking is performed in the non-observable optical path length state-space using a covariance-weighted Kalman filter and an auto-regressive model of the disturbance. We outline this new state-space representation and the formalism we used to propagate the state vector and generate the control signal. While our approach is presented specifically in the context of GRAVITY/GRAVITY+, it can easily be adapted to other instruments or interfero-metric facilities. Results. We successfully demonstrate phase-delay tracking within a single fringe, with any spurious phase jumps detected and corrected in less than 100 ms. We also report a significant performance improvement, as shown by a reduction of ~30 to 40% in phase residuals, and a much better behaviour under sub-optimal atmospheric conditions. Compared to what was observed in 2019, the median residuals have decreased from 150 nm to 100 nm on the Auxiliary Telescopes and from 250 nm to 150 nm on the Unit Telescopes. Conclusions. The improved phase-delay tracking combined with white-light fringe tracking means that from now on, the GRAVITY fringe tracker can be used by other instruments operating in different wavebands. The only limitation remains the need for an adjustment of the optical path dispersion.

A Review of Environmentally Friendly Corrosion and Scale Inhibitors

This literature review comprehensively examines the latest research developments in the field of corrosion inhibitors and scale inhibitors, analyzing in depth the current research outcomes, trends, and challenges. As a core area of interdisciplinary research, corrosion and scale inhibition technologies have profound implications for technological advancement and economic development. The review covers key technological innovations and future development prospects in the petrochemical industry. The article begins by tracing the historical development trajectory of corrosion and scale inhibitors, providing an overview of the current situation both domestically and internationally, and highlighting significant breakthroughs over the past few decades. The concluding section outlines future research directions for corrosion and scale inhibitors, indicating that this technology will continue to play a significant role in driving innovation and sustainable development on a global scale.

Research and Application of New energy Digital System Based on BIM

With the continuous development of new energy technology, the installed scale of new energy is getting bigger and bigger, the market competition is becoming increasingly fierce, and the cost control of investment units, reference units and manufacturers in all aspects of new energy construction is becoming more and more strict. Promoting the application of BIM in new energy engineering projects can effectively reduce the cost in the design and construction stages, and more importantly, improve the efficiency of long-term operation of new energy power stations, and reduce capital investment. This paper focuses on the definition and development of BIM, key technologies and BIM-based new energy digital system, which manages the information model of new energy power generation projects, provides more effective and accurate management, and improves project operation efficiency.

Preface: 6th International Conference on Informatization in Education, Management and Business (IEMB 2023)

The 2023 6th International Conference on Informatization in Education, Management and Business (IEMB 2023) was held in Stockholm, Sweden during December 30-31, 2023. This conference aims to become a springboard for researchers, experts, scholars, and professors sharing several key technological developments and emerging applications of educational informatization, information management, engineering management, business management, and public management. We would like to thank to all of the participants attending this conference and also to committee for their contribution to this high-level conference and its overall success. We also would like to thank to the reviewers for their positive contribution to maintain the quality of the articles presented in this conference. Conference Organizing Chair Stockholm, Sweden

An overview of the development of key technologies in autonomous driving technology

Technological advances in each of the smaller fields of automated driving technology have collectively advanced the maturity of automated driving technology. This paper describes some of the technological advances in the development of automated driving of automobiles. Firstly, it introduces the improvement of 3D target detection algorithms, the problem of 3D target detection from LIDAR point cloud, and the proposed control network to address the lack of human driving logic in the existing driverless strategy. Next, the convenience of virtual simulation technology in testing self-driving cars is presented as well as the use of high-definition maps by self-driving cars to understand the road and surroundings. Then the solution to the problem of weak feature extraction and low training efficiency when extracting data in the self-driving learning model, the path planning technology for self-driving cars, and the understanding of the scene when self-driving cars are traveling at night are presented. Finally, image target recognition based on synthetic aperture radar, image color recognition method based on deep learning, and how deep learning can be applied to the field of image recognition are presented.

Development of key technologies for audio retrieval and vocal teaching system based on sensor networks

Traditional audio processing technology often faces the challenge of efficiency and accuracy in the face of large-scale audio data and complex sound content. The purpose of this study is to develop the key technology of audio retrieval and vocal music teaching system based on sensor network, aiming at the rich audio data and real-time monitoring function provided by sensor network. The sensors suitable for audio retrieval and vocal music teaching were selected and rationally arranged in the designated position to obtain accurate and comprehensive audio data. The algorithm is also optimized and improved to improve the performance and stability of the system. The accuracy and efficiency of audio retrieval can be effectively improved by using sensor networks. The vocal music teaching system based on sensor networks can provide comprehensive and accurate sound evaluation and guidance. Good results have been obtained in the practical application of this method, which proves its feasibility and effectiveness in the field of audio retrieval and vocal music teaching.

ANALYZING THE IMPACT: EMERGING CLASSROOM TECHNOLOGIES AND THE EVIDENCE ON LEARNING

This paper aimed to analyze the multifaceted impact of modern technological integration in education on pedagogy, learning processes and outcomes. A detailed literature review was conducted examining key developments in educational technologies over the past two decades including online learning platforms, 1:1 device initiative, and adaptive learning software. Impacts were analyzed using existing evidence from multiple systematic reviews and meta-analyses on learning analytics, engagement, student achievement and teaching practices. The integration of technology in classrooms was found to enable more self-directed, personalized learning approaches leading to significant gains in core skills. However, uneven access to technology and issues around data privacy were also highlighted. Benefits were maximized when technologies supplemented rather than substituted teachers. With astute policy and teacher training, classroom technology presents transformative opportunities to improve access, equity, achievement and prepare students with vital future-oriented skills. However, care must be taken to continually address ethical issues around privacy, screen time, and digital divides. Understanding both opportunities and pitfalls will be key as education systems leverage technologies effectively to enhance learning on a global scale in coming decades

Disruptive development path measurement for emerging technologies based on the patent citation network

Studying disruptive innovation development paths for emerging technologies helps trace and grasp key core technologies development, promoting innovation and development in emerging technologies and industries. This paper measures the innovation development path for emerging technology, including: (1) improving the triple citation network and quantifying disruptive measurement by designing a technological disruption model; (2) proposing a contraction method for the citation network from the dataset perspective; (3) proposing a method to extract the main path using technology disruption degree as a criterion for citation networks importance; (4) taking the sintering technology in 3-D printing technology as the empirical object with 12,662 patent families from 1997 to 2019. The empirical results indicate that the disruption degree value is determined by the transitive citation relationship without the co-citation relationship, and the closed-loop structures are effectively removed, thereby reducing the size of the dataset. The proposed disruption quantification method can support effective evaluation of technological innovation levels and decision-making for the research and development (R&D) direction and resource allocation.

RESEARCH ON THE REALIZATION MECHANISM OF THE KEY CORE TECHNOLOGY CAPABILITIES OF SPECIALIZED AND SPECIAL NEW ENTERPRISES

As China is currently facing technology bottlenecks, the transformation and development of key technologies are imminent. As a typical organization of breakthroughs in key core technologies and an important carrier of the national innovation-driven development strategy, how to achieve breakthroughs in key core technologies and the study of its intrinsic mechanism have become indispensable links. Our investigation and study revealed that the internal development mechanism of breakthroughs in the key core technologies of specialized and special new enterprises is often limited by the depth and breadth of policies, the weakness of the overall industrial chain, and backward enterprise management models. Based on the above problems, mechanism exploration from the macro, meso, and micro perspectives will help enrich the theoretical system of key core technologies and provide new development perspectives for the transformation and upgrading of specialized and new enterprises in this new situation.

State of The Art (SOTA) Heterogeneous Intergrated Packaging (SHIP) Program

The 2018 DoD National Defense Strategy (NDS) highlights Building a More Lethal Force through Modernization of Key Capabilities as one of the tenets in the strategic approach. Microelectronics has been highlighted as a key focus area for DoDs Modernization. To rapidly address the development of these technologies, the Trusted and Assured Microelectronics (T&AM) Program is executing the development of key technologies in accordance with a roadmap focusing on 6 different Technical Execution Areas (TEA).

Key technologies and orientation of EGR for the Sulige tight sandstone gas field in the Ordos Basin

The Sulige Gas Field in the Ordos Basin is the largest tight gas field in China, with proved reserves exceeding 2 × 1012 m3. As the main contributor to gas production in PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company, The Sulige Gas Field is in the stage of stable production. Maximizing the stable production period is a focus and challenge for the gas field now. To address a series of problems influencing the efficient development of Sulige gas field, such as large-scale remaining gas reserves between wells/layers and low ratio of employed reserves, the main technologies for enhanced gas recovery (EGR) of tight gas reservoirs were developed by multidisciplinary research with respect to development geology, reservoir engineering, drilling and production process, and surface gathering and transportation. Experiments were conducted on reservoir description and remaining gas characterization, well pattern thickening optimization, vertical well separate-layer fracturing, horizontal-well multi-stage multi-cluster volume fracturing for their improvement and upgrading. The orientation of EGR for tight gas reservoirs is proposed. The following results are obtained. First, well pattern thickening optimization is the most important EGR method, which can increase the recovery rate by more than 6%. Second, based on continuous upgrading and promotion, either of reservoir stimulation technology and drainage gas recovery technology can increase the recovery rate by more than 2%. The gathering and transportation technology which further reduces the wellhead pressure can increase the recovery rate by about 1.5%. Third, the EGR technology should be oriented to maximize the quantity of employed reserves, especially by way of new technologies such as fine remaining gas characterization, well pattern/type optimization, cross-layer fracturing of a multi-thin-layer reservoir by horizontal wells, intelligent drainage gas recovery, and multi-stage pressurization. It is concluded that the development of key EGR technologies will help increase the recovery rate of The Sulige Gas Field by 10%–15%, and will provide an effective support for The Sulige Gas Field to maintain the production at 300 × 108 m3/a for a long term and for the Changqing gas province to increase the production to 500 × 108 m3/a, which will ultimately ensure the national energy security.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus camrelizumab for locally advanced cervical cancer (NACI study): a multicentre, single-arm, phase 2 trial

Locally advanced cervical cancer constitutes around 37% of cervical cancer cases globally and has a poor prognosis due to limited therapeutic options. Immune checkpoint inhibitors in the neoadjuvant setting could address these challenges. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer. In this single-arm, phase 2 trial, which was done across eight tertiary hospitals in China, we enrolled patients aged 18-70 years with untreated cervical cancer (IB3, IIA2, or IIB/IIIC1r with a tumour diameter ≥4 cm [International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics, 2018]) and an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Eligible patients underwent one cycle of priming doublet chemotherapy (75-80 mg/m2 cisplatin, intravenously, plus 260 mg/m2 nab-paclitaxel, intravenously), followed by two cycles of a combination of chemotherapy (cisplatin plus nab-paclitaxel) on day 1 with camrelizumab (200 mg, intravenously) on day 2, with a 3-week interval between treatment cycles. Patients with stable disease or progressive disease received concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and patients with a complete response or partial response proceeded to radical surgery. The primary endpoint was the objective response rate, by independent central reviewer according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumours, version 1.1. Activity and safety were analysed in patients who received at least one dose of camrelizumab. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04516616, and is ongoing. Between Dec 1, 2020, and Feb 10, 2023, 85 patients were enrolled and all received at least one dose of camrelizumab. Median age was 51 years (IQR 46-57) and no data on race or ethnicity were collected. At data cutoff (April 30, 2023), median follow-up was 11·0 months (IQR 6·0-14·5). An objective response was noted in 83 (98% [95% CI 92-100]) patients, including 16 (19%) patients who had a complete response and 67 (79%) who had a partial response. The most common grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events during neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy were lymphopenia (21 [25%] of 85), neutropenia (ten [12%]), and leukopenia (seven [8%]). No serious adverse events or treatment-related deaths occurred. Neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy showed promising antitumour activity and a manageable adverse event profile in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. The combination of neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy with radical surgery holds potential as a novel therapeutic approach for locally advanced cervical cancer. National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China and the National Clinical Research Center of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

Analysis and Prospect of Key Common Technologies for Echelon Utilization of New Energy Vehicle Traction Batteries

Echelon utilization refers to the process of necessary detection, classification, disassembly, repair, or recombination of waste power batteries into echelon utilization battery products, so that they can be applied to other fields. Echelon utilization, as an important disposal procedure and means for retired power batteries in new energy vehicles, deserves in-depth research and exploration of its key technological development path. However, echelon utilization is still in its early stages. In order to grasp the current development status of echelon utilization technology and to further solve the existing technological bottlenecks, this article analyzes the its process and current technological development status, and puts forward targeted suggestions.

Summary of the 2022 Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China.

Recent decades have seen the remarkable development of China in medical accessibility and quality index, and the application of a number of new advanced cardiovascular technologies benefits more patients. However, according to the Annual Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China published in this article, which was organized and summarized by National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, there is still a huge population living with risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and the morbidity and mortality of CVD are increasing. It is estimated that there are around 330 million patients suffering from CVD currently, including 245 million of hypertension, 13 million of stroke, 45.3 million of peripheral artery disease, 11.39 million of coronary heart disease (CHD), 8.9 million of heart failure, 5 million of pulmonary heart disease, 4.87 million of atrial fibrillation, 2.5 million of rheumatic heart disease, and 2 million of congenital heart disease. Tobacco use, diet and nutrition factors, physical activity, overweight and obesity, and psychological factors are what affect cardiovascular health, while hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, metabolic syndrome, and air pollution are the risk factors for CVD. In this article, in addition to risk factors for CVD, we also report the epidemiological trends of CVD, including CHD, cerebrovascular disease, arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart failure, pulmonary vascular disease and venous thromboembolism, and aortic and peripheral artery diseases, as well as the basic research and medical device development in CVD. In a word, China has entered a new stage of transforming from high-speed development focusing on scale growth to high-quality development emphasizing on strategic and key technological development to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality of CVD.

Complex patterns of ICTs' effect on sustainable development at the national level: The triple bottom line perspective

Building upon the complexity theory, we explore the interaction effects of the development of key digital information and communication technologies (ICTs) at the national level on a country's sustainability performance. By the means of the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis on a sample of 77 countries, we show that 1) a country's ICT profile matters for national sustainability performance, not a single ICT element; 2) national sustainability performance is not (only) about the level of ICT development of a country, but about composition and a quality of its ICT profile; 3) there are multiple distinctive ICT profiles that may lead to high or low sustainability performance (social, economic or environmental) at the national level; and 4) environmental sustainability may have conflicting ICT-related antecedents in comparison to social and economic sustainability. These results offer two primary contributions to research focused on the role of ICTs in supporting (or deterring) sustainable development. First, moving away from simplified perspective of a country's ICT development by focusing on a country's ICT profile allows us to distinguish effects (both positive and negative) of different ICT elements, as well as to take synergies brought by technological convergences into account. This allows us to capture effects of ICT elements in their totality, avoiding to lose richness and comprehensiveness. Second, by focusing on the triple-bottom line sustainability, we add to the growing evidence that environmental-focused goals often conflict with those related to social and economic aspects of sustainable development.

Transcatheter pulmonary valve implantation in clinical practice: A nationwide survey of cardiological implanting and non-implanting physicians

AimTranscatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation (TPVI), when feasible, is the first-line approach to pulmonary valve replacement. Our aim was to obtain a picture of current TPVI practice in Italy. MethodsAfter conducting a literature review on TPVI, online surveys were devised by an Advisory Board of 10 experts from the three Italian reference centers for congenital heart diseases and sent electronically to physicians working either in implanting center or in referral non-implanting cardiologic centers. ResultsApproximately 450 physicians across Italy were invited to contribute. 82 (18%) physicians answered. EchoColorDoppler, electrocardiogram and cardiac magnetic resonance were considered the first line approach to monitor these patients, before and after TPVI.For non-implanting centers, reasons for non-referral of patients for PVR were: paucisymptomatic disease (67%) and patients’ poor adherence to disease management programs (41%), but also the lack of connections with specialized centers (33%). For implanters, the main reasons for refraining from TPVI were: high risk for coronary compression (67% first rank), the need for concomitant cardiac surgical procedures (39% first rank) and the unsuitable anatomy of the conduit (39% first rank). The availability of new larger valves of a self-expandable nature was indicated as a key technological development for expanding the cohort of patients currently eligible for TPVI. ConclusionsDespite a non-invasive imaging protocol for the follow up and selection of patients candidate to TPVI is well implemented in Italy, there is still a lack in connections between non-implanting and implanting centers.

Consequences of Growing Trend of Digital Transformation in Retail Business of India: A Contemporary Analysis

Abstract: The Indian retail industry is undergoing a rapid digital transition, which is being driven by a number of factors including digitalization, smartphone use, and widespread internet connectivity. Additionally, the government of India launched its flagship program, Digital India, to ensure that the nation is technologically advanced on the internet. The Indian retail industry has seen incredible expansion in recent years, with several new firms joining the market. The study came to the conclusion that the major critical factors influencing the online retail sector's digital trends. This study is descriptive, and convenient sampling was carried out among particular Indian retail establishments. The adoption of digitalization as a key technological development will determine how nations use it for years to come. It will guarantee economic efficiency and competitiveness, provide new goods and jobs, address issues with fund-raising, enhance governance, and address inequality. With a big population that lives in rural areas at a rate of over 60%, India is especially in need of digitalization to close the economic gap and empower its citizens to compete more effectively in the modern economy. The retail sector in India is rapidly changing as a result of a number of factors, including widespread digitalization, smartphone penetration, and internet access. In addition to making sure that our nation has digital technology capabilities.

Report on Cardiovascular Health and Diseases in China 2022: an Updated Summary

In the past 30 years, the accessibility and quality index of medical care have made remarkable progress in China, ranking the first among middle-income countries. Many cardiovascular technologies are at or near the world’s leading level, and significant progress has been achieved in China solving the problem of “treatment difficulty” of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, due to the prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles among Chinese residents, a huge population with CVD risk factors, accelerated population aging, and other reasons, the incidence and mortality rate of CVD are still increasing, and the turning point of the decline in disease burden has not appeared yet in China. In terms of proportions of disease mortality among urban and rural residents, CVD still ranks the first. In 2020, CVD accounted for 48.00% and 45.86% of the causes of death in rural and urban areas, respectively; two out of every five deaths were due to CVD. It is estimated that the number of current CVD patients in China is around 330 million, including 13 million stroke, 11.39 million coronary heart disease, 8.9 million heart failure, 5 million pulmonary heart disease, 4.87 million atrial fibrillation, 2.5 million rheumatic heart disease, 2 million congenital heart disease, 45.3 million peripheral artery disease, and 245 million hypertension cases. China has entered a new stage of transformation from high-speed development to high-quality development, and the prevention and control of CVD in China should also shift from previous emphasis on scale growth to strategies focusing more on strategic and key technological development in order to curb the trend of increasing incidence and mortality rates of CVD.