Kerosene Blends Research Articles

Derived Cetane Number, Distillation and Ignition Delay Properties of Diesel and Jet Fuels Containing Blended Synthetic Paraffinic Mixtures

Aviation turbine fuel and diesel fuel were blended with synthetic paraffins produced via two pathways and the combustion properties measured. Both aviation and diesel fuel containing synthetics produced from the fermentation of sugars, had a linear response to blending with decreasing ignition delay times from 5.05 - 3.52 ms for F-34 and 3.84 - 3.52 ms for F-76. For the same fuels blended with synthetics produced from the fermentation of alcohols, ignition delay times were increased out to 18.66 ms. The derived cetane number of the blends followed an inversely similar trend. Additionally, simulated distillation using ASTM D2887 at high synthetic paraffinic kerosene blend ratios resulted in the recovery temperatures being incorrectly reported. In this case, higher recovery volumes were at lower temperatures than earlier recovery points i.e. T90< T50, for SIP-SPK.

Potential Utilization of Nigerian Heavy Oil as Burner Fuel: A Case Study of Combustion Characteristics of Agbabu Heavy Oil

The potential substitution of Nigerian heavy oil resource (Agbabu bitumen) for boiler fuel is presently being investigated. Combustion of 70–30% (wt/wt) heavy oil–kerosene blend, 70–30% (wt/wt) of heavy oil–diesel blend, and 50–50% (wt/wt) heavy oil–low pour fuel oil blend resulted in flame temperatures of 1240, 1220, and 1220°C, at flammability limits of 0.33–0.52, 0.40–0.60, and 0.45–0.60 air-fuel ratio, respectively. In comparison, combustion of 100% diesel and 100% low pour fuel oil, under similar conditions, generated flame temperatures of 1235 and 1238°C, respectively. The above results for heavy oil/distillate blends clearly suggest a facile application as boiler fuel.

Combustion and Emission Investigation of Diesel Fuel and Kerosene Blends

This study presents experimental investigation of combustion of diesel fuel, kerosene and their blends. The objective of this study is to determine the combustion performance and gas emission of diesel fuel, kerosene and various mixtures of diesel fuel and kerosene in a horizontally positioned cylindrical furnace. Heat was removed from the system by the use of water around a jacket of the combustion unit. The combustion unit is capable of burning most types of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbon fuels. Results on combustion performance and gas emissions are presented for a wide range of air fuel equivalence ratios. The results of exhaust gas analyses of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and oxygen are presented. Combustion efficiency and the effect of blending of fuels on its performance are also presented. In general, some improvements in exhaust gas emission and combustion efficiency were obtained upon using mixtures of fuels. The best results were obtained when a fuel blend of 75% kerosene and 25% diesel was prepared and burned in the unit.

Gaseous and particulate emissions of a micro gas turbine fuelled by straight vegetable oil–kerosene blends

The paper reports the experimental results concerning emissions from 30kWe commercial micro gas turbine feed with blends of straight vegetable oil with fossil fuel. Both gaseous and particulate emissions were measured at full and partial load for blends 10% v/v and 20% v/v of rapeseed and sunflower oils with JET A1 kerosene. The variations of nitric oxide and carbon monoxide emissions were taken into account to evaluate the combustor behavior at different loads and blends. The effects of the fuel composition on the variations, in terms of concentrations and dimensions, of ultrafine – particulate matter were also evaluated.NOx and CO emissions are practically insensitive to the composition of the fuel being the differences within the experimental uncertainty of the instrumentation. This demonstrates a similar overall combustion at both partial and full load for the five fuels used (Jet A1 and four SVO blends). On the contrary, particle matter emission is three times for blends of rapeseed oil and more than fifty times greater for blends of sunflower oil with respect to pure Jet A1. The differences are ascribed to the chemical structure of the vegetable oil tested.

Performance investigation of Fischer–Tropsch kerosene blends in a laboratory-scale premixed flame burner

The increasing use of synthetic fuels, such as Fischer–Tropsch (FT), in transportation, requires an accurate, in-depth knowledge of their fundamental combustion characteristics. However, synthetic fuels, being complex hydrocarbon mixtures, have not been standardized in terms of physical and thermochemical properties and are mostly treated by adapting appropriate surrogate mixtures. Surrogate mixture determination does not always take into account detailed fuel composition and this can lead to inaccurate prediction of fundamental fuel properties, such as molecular weight and heat of formation. In this direction, the present work presents a systematic approach for characterizing similar FT blends and assessing their performance in a simple configuration. A methodology based on the detailed composition of each examined blend is followed here, providing accurate estimates of the above fuel properties. The determined heating values are used in temperature and emission measurements of several flames of FT fuels stabilized in a laboratory-scale premixed burner. A total of six fuels are assessed: a neat, paraffinic FT blend, four FT blends with varying aromatic and naphthenic content and a pure n-decane.

The Effects of Cottonseed Oil–Kerosene Blends on a Diesel Engine Performance and Exhaust Emissions

Nowadays, increasing crude oil prices and environmental pollution problems have lead to investigation of alternative fuel necessities, such as vegetable oils for internal combustion engines. This article presents the possibility of using cottonseed oil-kerosene blends in compression ignition engines. Engine performance and exhaust emissions were examined and diesel fuel was used as a basis for comparison. The influences of using various blended cottonseed oil-kerosenes on brake specific fuel consumption, exhaust gas temperature, and exhaust emissions values were investigated. Experimental results indicated that engine performance and brake specific fuel consumption were slightly different and SOx emissions were remarkably different from diesel fuel usage.