Kepulauan Seribu Research Articles

Perbandingan Komposisi dan Struktur Komunitas Makroalga antara Pulau Semak Daun dan Pulau Pramuka di Taman Nasional Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta

Kepulauan Seribu have diverse biodiversity, one of which is macroalgae located in the Tourism Utilization Zone and the residential zone. Environmental factors, such as substrate, water quality and the presence of human activities, are very different on each island. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in the composition and structure of macroalgae communities on islands in the Tourism Utilization Zone, Semak Daun Island and islands in the Settlement Zone, Pramuka Island. Settlement Zone, Pramuka Island. The method used is a quadrat transect. 16 types of macroalgae were found on Semak Daun Island and 26 types of macroalgae on Pramuka Island. The diversity value on Semak Daun Island is categorized as moderate with a value of 1.84 and on Pramuka Island is categorized as moderate with a value of 2.64. The highest INP value on Semak Daun Island is Sargassum binderi and the highest INP on Pramuka Island is Halimeda macroloba.

Effects of Self-Confidence and Diction on Speaking Skills in Junior High School Students

This research investigates the impact of self-confidence and diction on speaking skills among state junior high school students in Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta. Utilizing a sample of 86 students from SMPN 133 Pulau Pramuka, SMPN 241 Pulau Tidung, and SMPN 260 Pulau Untung Jawa, the study employed dialogue assessments, questionnaires, and diction tests. The results demonstrate a significant influence of both self-confidence and diction on speaking proficiency. Specifically, self-confidence accounts for 11.54% of the variance in speaking skills, while diction contributes 18.59%. The combined effect of these factors explains 30.1% of the variance in students' speaking abilities. The findings highlight that students with higher self-confidence and better diction exhibit improved speaking skills. These results suggest that educational strategies aimed at enhancing self-confidence and diction can effectively improve students' communication skills. The study underscores the importance of integrating self-confidence and diction development into language education to enhance overall speaking proficiency

Penyuluhan Kesehatan Tentang Sanitasi Hygiene pada Masyarakat di Pulau Pramuka Kepulauan Seribu

Sanitation and hygiene are crucial aspects of public health, especially in island areas like Pramuka Island, Kepulauan Seribu. This activity aims to enhance the community's understanding and awareness of hygiene sanitation through health education. The methods used include interactive education, health screening, and evaluation using pre-test and post-test questionnaires. The results of this activity showed a significant increase in participants' knowledge levels, from 50% before the education to 85% afterward. Health screening revealed a tendency for high cholesterol levels, as well as some cases of blood sugar and uric acid levels exceeding normal limits among the residents. Analysis of local snacks did not show any contamination with borax and formalin, indicating food safety awareness among vendors. Meanwhile, marine biota exploration found the potential of seagrass (Cymodocea serrulata) with alkaloid content that can be further developed. These findings highlight the importance of continuous education, targeted health interventions, and the utilization of local natural resources to improve the quality of life of Pramuka Island residents.

Ecopedagogics as An Alternative Approach in Developing Social Studies Teaching Materials in Coastal Schools in Jakarta

The study explores the urgency of eco-pedagogic as a social study teaching materials approach in Jakarta schools and relevant content lifted in developing social studies teaching materials by eco-pedagogics approach. This research used a qualitative method. The collected data were analyzed using triangulation techniques used the participant observation, FGD, and interview involving 28 social studies teachers at schools in North Jakarta and Kepulauan Seribu. Then, it was processed with device NVivo 12 software. The research results showed that (1) The teacher considered that eco-pedagogic approach became a need for developing social studies teaching materials in coastal schools, (2) Relevant content in eco-pedagogic-based teaching materials covered aspects of sustainability environment coast, utilization of environmental functions, and natural resource management. The development of teaching materials was carried out by considering the learning objectives that include evaluation of coastal and marine resource potential, designing solutions to environmental problems, and argument presentation. The proposed learning model in teaching materials was Project-based Learning. In conclusion, the development of ecopedagogy-based teaching materials is very needed as an environmental conservation effort, because in previous research there were no teaching materials that focused on coastal and marine environments. Then, the content contained in social studies teaching materials is eco-pedagogically based with a project-based learning model can be an enriching reference for students at coastal junior high schools in Jakarta focusing on relevant content and using appropriate learning models is expected that students can understand better and care about the coastal and marine environment.

Sustainability strategy for turtle conservation in Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu District, Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract. Gulo GS, Tumuyu SS, Patria MP. 2024. Sustainability strategy for turtle conservation in Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu District, Jakarta, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 2307-2314. The background of this research stems from the excessive exploitation and shift from subsistence to commercial use that has caused a decline in turtle populations. Therefore, it is necessary to safeguard turtle populations within Indonesia's distinct marine habitats, particularly at SPTN (National Park Management) I, Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta, Indonesia. Addressing the challenges in turtle conservation, this study systematically collected data through expert interviews, providing in-depth insights into the conservation landscape. The research methodology includes data collection via expert interviews and subsequent analysis using the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats (SWOT) method, providing a strategic framework to enhance conservation outcomes. The results highlight the critical need for habitat protection, stakeholder involvement, and rigorous law enforcement. Based on the four alternative strategies that have been prepared, the S-T strategy approach has the highest score, namely 4, making it a priority strategy for sustainable turtle conservation on Kelapa Dua Island. The following strategic priorities are W-O strategy, S-O strategy and W-T strategy. This study's conclusion shows suitable strategies for research problems, such as advocation for habitat protection, active stakeholder involvement, and strict law enforcement to ensure the effectiveness and sustainability of conservation initiatives.

Factors Influencing Taxpayer Compliance In The Implementation Of The Land And Building Tax (PBB-P2) Policy In The Revenue Office Districts Of North Jakarta Administrative City And The Kepulauan Seribu Regency

This research aims to analyze the factors that influence taxpayer compliance with the implementation of the PBB-P2 policy in the Regional Revenue Subdistrict of North Jakarta Administrative City and Kepulauan Seribu Regency using descriptive qualitative data sourced from secondary data. The research results show that from the dimension of policy accuracy, it shows that the implementation of the PBB-P2 incentive policy from the realization of PBB-P2 revenues in the implementation of the incentive policy, there is a less than optimal contribution from the realization of PBB-P2 revenues in the Administrative City of North Jakarta and Thousand Islands Regency during the period 2021 and 2022 which indicates that the tax incentive policy has less influence in increasing PBB-P2 taxpayer compliance in the North Jakarta Administrative City and Seribu Islands Regency areas. Judging from the dimension of accuracy of implementation, problems were found related to PBB-P2 tax potential which had not been optimized, one of which was on Maju Island, which is on a reclamation island in the North Jakarta area. Implementation of the PBB-P2 policy was influenced by the socialization of taxation and digitalization of services. The wider tax socialization carried out through the implementation of optimal digitalization of services can increase PBB-P2 taxpayer compliance. Judging from the dimension of target accuracy in implementing the PBB-P2 incentive policy through socialization of taxation and digitalization of services together, it can influence the level of compliance of PBB-P2 taxpayers in the Regional Revenue Sub-Agency of North Jakarta Administrative City and Kepuluan Seribu Regency.

Fishing logbook as stewardship action within TURF management in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park, Indonesia

Stewardship, as a concept that relates to any action taken by a steward in favor of the sustainability of their environment, has attracted attention. However, research on stewardship action taken by fishers at the local level is particularly understudied. Our study was conducted in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park, where fishing logbook activity occurred as part of the introduction of Territorial Use Rights for Fisheries (TURF) management. Logbook writing is the local stewardship action in the center of interest of this study. We collected empirical data using the local environmental stewardship framework to analyze the main causes why the fishing logbook writing discontinued and determine the leverage strategies to relaunch the activity. Semi-structured interviews with fishers who did and did not submit the logbook reveal that the fisher's intrinsic motivation and agency are strongly intertwined with the social, cultural, and political contexts, which together provide a good understanding of why stewardship action stopped. Applying the framework demonstrates that the failure of the stewardship action is a result of a mismatch between the TURF approach and the fishers' understanding of how the problem should be managed and solved. Despite being granted exclusive management rights by the authorities, the fishers have little intrinsic motivation and a lack of agency, and they ask heavily for government action. Fishing logbooks are an example of stewardship action that integrates local and fishery biology knowledge for creating a basis to determine strategies to address local overfishing problems. We outline different leveraging strategies that could potentially relaunch the logbook activity in Kepulauan Seribu.

ANALYSIS OF THE APPLICATION OF RENEWABLE ENERGY AT THE MUARA ANGKE PASSENGER PORT AS A MEANS OF SUPPORTING THOUSAND ISLAND TOURISM

Kepulauan seribu are also a frequently visited destination for domestic and foreign tourists and are among the priority destinations in Indonesia. The development of the passenger port in Muara Angke is an important step in supporting the tourism sector in Kepulauan Seribu. However, this development must also consider environmental impacts, including carbon emissions and the use of natural resources. Indonesia has taken steps towards developing renewable energy and policies that support it by implementing renewable energy at the Muara Angke Passenger Port will be in line with government initiatives to achieve energy targets national renewable. The method used is primary data, secondary data, by calculating the need for solar panels and wind turbines and collecting supporting data sourced from related websites. The results are 324 solar panels placed on the roof of the main building of the port where the wind turbine is placed on the west side. with a total of 6 units, on the east side of the port there are 6 units and on the south side of the port there are 4 wind turbine units

Assess the level of damage to the coral reef ecosystem based on substrate coverage on Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia

Abstract. Komala R, Noer MI, Miarsyah M, Widyartini DS, Handayani. 2024. Assess the level of damage to the coral reef ecosystem based on substrate coverage on Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 971-977. Coral reefs are coastal ecosystems that have an important ecological and economic role. Environmental pressures cause damage to ecosystems and decrease coral biodiversity. This study aims to analyze the level of damage to coral reef ecosystems based on substrate cover and obtain the latest information on coral reef ecosystem resources. The study employs a descriptive method with a survey design, utilizing Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) sampling at various depths along the coastline. The data is analyzed using Coral Point Count with Excel extension (CPCe) for substrate cover percentage and the Shannon-Wienner index for coral diversity. The findings reveal nine categories of basic substrate cover, with living hard corals constituting 32.51%, indicating a fairly damaged state. Coral resources are identified across 53 genera and 15 families, exhibiting medium diversity across stations and depths. The study highlights the need to monitor environmental threats that could further damage coral reefs and decrease diversity. The coral reef ecosystem in Bira Island is in a relatively damaged condition, with a decline in coral biodiversity, indicating an imbalance in the ecosystem. Several recommended steps include implementing coral restoration programs, monitoring coral growth, establishing critical coral habitat protection zones, and conducting conservation efforts.

DIGITAL COMMUNICATION UTILIZATION OF WOMEN MANAGING HOMESTAYS FOR TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIA’S SMALL ISLANDS OF KEPULAUAN SERIBU

Purpose: Indonesia has abundant natural resources, including beaches and small islands for tourist attractions which become one of economic driving sources for local communities such as in the Kepulauan Seribu. One of the most important businesses or services in tourism is homestays’ availability as the place to stay for tourists, where women play a major role in managing those homestays. In digitalization era, digital communication is very important as it is useful for promotions, homestay rooms’ booking, and others. This research aims: (1) to analyze the activity level of women using digital communication in managing homestays; (2) to analyze the factors which influence the activities of utilizing digital communication for homestay management. Methodology: The research uses a quantitative approach, enriched with qualitative analysis with 9 small islands in the Kepulauan Seribu for research location and 158 women managing homestays as respondents. Data collection using questionnaire for survey with cluster random sampling. Data analysis using SEM SmartPLS while descriptive data using SPSS 24. Findings: Results show level activity of using digital communication for women managing homestays is still in the low category. There is an influence of individual characteristics, digital communication factors and creating content ability on using digital communication activities in managing homestays.

Community structure of sea cucumber (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) resources in the Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Indonesia

Abstract. Helmiyani NA, Suryanti S, Purwanti F. 2024. Community structure of sea cucumber (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) resources in the Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 344-354. Kepulauan Seribu National Park has several types of commercial sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Many local and foreign communities take sea cucumbers from nature without paying attention to habitat conditions. This phenomenon causes a decrease in the availability of sea cucumbers. This research was carried out to help stabilize the sea cucumber ecosystem and its availability to be considered for its sustainability. This research was conducted in May-June 2023, at Kelapa Dua Island and Panjang Kecil Island in the Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Jakarta, Indonesia. Sampling was carried out using the field observation method, where the location points were determined by adjusting where the sea cucumber habitat was located. Sampling points were carried out on two islands, each island was assigned 4 station points, with the total number of stations on both islands being 8 station points. Sampling was carried out using perpendicular transect lines, divided into 3 zones. The data analyzed includes the Index of Diversity, Evenness, Dominance and Density. Based on the results 12 species were obtained from both islands, with the genera Holothuria, Stichopus, Bohadschia, Actinopyga, and Synapta. The highest density is at station 3 Kelapa Dua Island, with a density value of 0.57 (ind/m2), and the lowest density is at station 1 Panjang Kecil Island with a value of 0.14 (ind/m2). The results show a moderate diversity value, a low Dominance value, and a small evenness value, while the water quality result value can be said to be good because it has a value according to the survival quality standards for sea cucumbers in marine waters.

Ecopedagogy of Island Communities: Conception, Planning to Action in Building Environmental Awareness in Kelapa Island and Harapan Island, Administrative District Kepulauan Seribu-DKI Jakarta

This study intends to examine the conception, planning, and action in building environmental awareness in Kelapa Island and Harapan Island, Administrative District Kepulauan Seribu, DKI Jakarta. Methodologically, this study is based on a critical paradigm and a qualitative approach. The study was conducted in May–June 2023. Data collection techniques were observation and in-depth interviews. Whereas, the data analysis technique was interpretive phenomenological analysis. The study results show that: (i) education is the main focus of building environmental awareness; (ii) environmental awareness has been instilled in children from an early age through informal, formal, and non-formal education. In the context of informal and non-formal education, parents play an active role in instilling environmental awareness values. Furthermore, in formal education planting environmental awareness is socialized through the learning curriculum; (iii) conception and planning of environmental awareness in the community is carried out continuously and sustainably; and (iv) concrete actions to build community environmental awareness are carried out with various campaigns, movements and routine actions carried out by multi-stakeholders to create environmental sustainability on the Kelapa Island and Harapan Island, Administrative District Kepulauan Seribu-DKI Jakarta.
 Keywords: ecopedagogy, environmental conception and action, Thousand Islands

Estimating bathymetry using sentinel-2a for shallow-waters mapping: A case study in Kelapa Dua Island

Many algorithms have been developed to map shallow waters from satellite images, but there is no standard algorithm for all waters. The accuracy of the algorithms developed for each body of water has a different level of accuracy. This research aims to use the Stumpf and Lyzenga algorithms to estimate shallow water bathymetry mapping in Kelapa Dua Island. Shallow water bathymetry mapping with both algorithms uses a combination of blue-green bands from Sentinel-2A satellite image data. In addition to Sentinel-2A satellite image data, the data used in this research are depth, water clarity, and tide data. Satellite image processing includes pre-processing, algorithm application, and fit testing. The fit test through determination test and root mean square error analysis was used to see the level of fit of the shallow water bathymetry model. The analysis shows that the log-ratio transform algorithm tends to be better at mapping bathymetry in Kelapa Dua Island, Kepulauan Seribu with a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.56 and an RMSE of 0.648, while the log-linear transform algorithm has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.54 and an RMSE of 0.742. The depth of shallow water on Kelapa Dua Island is in the range of 0 7 m depth.

The Inventory of Macroalgae in The Rengge Beach, Pari Island, Thousand Islands, Jakarta

Pari Island is one of the islands among the Thousand Islands group, about 46.32 km from the center of Jakarta with a total area of 310,000 km2 has high biodiversity, one of which is from the macroalgae group. Although macroalgae are a source of high biodiversity, the utilization of macroalgae is still very minimal to do because of the lack of education in the community about the types and benefits of macroalgae found in waters. This study aims to determine the diversity of macroalgae in Rengge Beach, Pari Island, Kepulauan Seribu, Jakarta so that later the community can find out more information about the types, characteristics, and potential utilization of macroalgae. The research was conducted in December 2022 using the benthic belt transect method with a total of 5 stations, carried out by drawing a line from the shoreline inland with a transect length of 100 m and a width of 10 m (5 m to the right and left sides), a monitoring area of 1 km² (10x100 m) between stations. Samples were taken and identified to the species level at the Plant Structure and Development Laboratory, Biology study program, Jakarta State University, Jakarta. Observations include several characteristics both morphologically and anatomically. The results showed that there were five species of macroalgae that could be identified, namely Halimeda sp, Gracilaria sp, Turbinaria sp, Padina sp, and Sargassum sp, therefore it can be concluded that there are only five genera of macroalgae in this place. This research needs more development that can provide more benefits, one of which is to develop the research area and further identify the types of macroalgae obtained to find out more specific information about the potential of macroalgae.

Morphological and Genetic Diversity of Mangrove Species Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob. Around Java Island

Ceriops tagal (Perr.) C.B. Rob can be found in Baluran National Park, Kepulauan Seribu National Park, Karimunjawa National Park, and Segara Anakan Cilacap in Java and its surrounding areas. These locations have different demographics and environmental conditions. Plant species found in different geographical areas have varied genetic structures and morphological traits as a result of their adaptability to their environment. The goal of this study is to evaluate the morphological and genetic differences between the four populations of C. tagal in Java and its surroundings. Internode length, leaf length, leaf width, petiole length, and leaf area were the morphological characters used. The Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region is used as a molecular marker. The UPGMA dendogram was used to analyze the morphological similarity, and multidimensional unfolding analysis was used to determine which character most determined the grouping. Mega X software was used to analyze genetic variation using the neighbor-joining approach, while Arlequin 3.5 software was used to estimate genetic variation within and among populations. The results of this study showed that the population of Baluran National Park has features or is distinct from the other three populations based on morphological and genetic characters; this could be because of variations in geographic conditions, and that population diversification was aided by a combination of genetic and physical divergence, restricted gene flow, and local adaptation.

Selection of Tourist Destinations in the Thousand Islands (Kepulauan Seribu) Based on the Preference Value of the Simple Additive Weighting Method

One of the potentials that can improve the economy of local communities is development in the tourism sector. Kepulauan Seribu is an archipelago area in the north of Jakarta, this area has tourism potential in the form of a cluster of islands. This group of islands has different characteristics to be used as a tourist attraction, including marine tourism, historical tourism and nature reserve tourism (conservation). Islands that have historical tourism potential are the reason for conducting research related to the selection of tourist destinations in the Kepulauan Seribu, such as Kelor, Onrust and Cipir island. The obstacles of the community in finding the right tourism potential are still lacking information from the aspects of attractions, accessibility and facilities. To assist tourists in choosing a place, a decision support system is needed that can be completed using the Simple Additive Weighting method. There are five assessment criteria including scenery, photo spots, transportation, toilets and places to eat/resto. Determination of weights on criteria using a statistical approach from the questionnaire results. The result of the preferred tourist recommendation preference value is the island of Kelor because there are seven highest scores obtained by the island compared to Onrust and Cipir island.

Abundance and characterization of microplastic pollution in the wildlife reserve, Ramsar site, recreational areas, and national park in northern Jakarta and Kepulauan Seribu, Indonesia

This is the first study to evaluate the presence and distribution of microplastics in sediments in the regions with a unique degree of complexity, such as wildlife reserve areas, a Ramsar site that connects directly to Greater Jakarta's mainland, recreational islands, and a marine national park. Microplastics of varying sizes and shapes are found in all places, with an increase trend in the abundance toward areas near to the epicenter of human activity. Comparatively to other marine protected areas, the amount of microplastics discovered is comparable; however, there is an upward trend. Season influences microplastic accumulation, with the dry season causing the greater accumulation. Small-sized microplastics and microplastics resulting from large plastic fragments were predominantly discovered. The properties of microplastics in the study region are dominated by polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride, and nylon. Additional in-depth research and waste reduction from all sources that involve all stakeholders are required to reduce the amount of contaminants entering the protected area.

Biodiversity and Distribution Patterns of Clams (Tridacninae) on Coral Reefs in Kayu Angin Bira Island, Indonesia

This research aims to find out the biodiversity and distribution patterns of clams and the relationship between clam abundance and coral reef conditions in the Waters of Kayu Angin Bira Island, Kepulauan Seribu. The research was conducted between April and July 2022, with field data collection taking place in September 2022 at four chosen stations. These stations were selected based on variations in water depth and were situated in the South, West, North, and East regions of the waters surrounding Kayu Angin Bira Island. The data collection was conducted using survey methods. Coral reef data collection using LIT (Line Intercept Transect) method and clam observation using belt transect. The results showed that in the waters of Bira Kayu Angin Island, 25 individuals of 2 species of bivalve class were found, namely Tridacna squamosa, Tridacna crocea. The highest relative abundance of clams is found at the eastern station which is 20% and the lowest relative abundance is found at the southern, western and northern stations which is only 8%. Low diversity index of Tridacninae Clams was discovered at the four stations, which ranged from 0.451 - 0.662 and the uniformity index at the four stations ranged from 0.650 - 0.954, indicates high population uniformity. Based on Morisita distribution index, which ranges from 0.4 - 0.74, the spatial distribution of Tridacninae clams could be assigned as uniform. The relationship between clams and coral reefs is 0.7284, shows that clams have a strong relationship with the condition of coral reefs.

Temporal study of coral reef health in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park

Coral reefs are one of ecosystems that have high biodiversity and productivity. The condition of coral reefs in Seribu Islands is currently being threatened by various marine industry development activities. This study aims to determine coral reef health in Seribu Islands, DKI Jakarta. The study was conducted at eight observation stations in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park area on 7-10 March 2022 (First Monitoring) and 31 May until 3 June 2022 (Second Monitoring). Coral reef data collecting were using Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) method. Reef fish data collecting were using Underwater Visual Census (UVC) method. While for macrobenthos data collecting were using the Belt Transect method. The coral reef health index was determined based on two main components, there are benthic component and reef fish component. Overall, coral reef health from eight observation stations during two monitoring sessions had high recovery potential, although some stations had low coral cover and low target fish biomass. In addition, several species of macrobenthos are bioindicators that can contribute to purifying waters.

Drawing on the project initiators’ perspectives to evaluate TURF implementation in the Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park: an online Q methodology study

Territorial User Rights for Fisheries (TURF) are established to grant privileged rights exclusively to local fishing communities to manage their stock within a bounded fishing ground. Theoretically, they will improve their sense of ownership which will eventually lead to stewardship and responsibility. In Indonesia, contemporary TURF has been introduced to meet such social outcomes and address the overfishing problems caused by open-access systems. The primary objective of this study was to determine how different project initiators perceive the system’s performance of TURF in Kepulauan Seribu Marine National Park. This study used an online Q methodology to determine what key actors thought of similarities and differences in TURF implementation by developing a concourse based on the original TURF project success elements. The results show that there are two different perspectives on what the essential aspects of TURF succeed in Kepulauan Seribu. The first opinion group appreciated the technical design of TURF, particularly the exclusion mechanism and boundary, which are crucial. A second opinion group argues that the clarity of rights, roles, and responsibilities is fundamental. Both opinion groups agreed that consistent law enforcement is the key to a successful TURF implementation. This study evaluated key stakeholders’ perspectives on co-management programs to identify points of consensus and disagreement that could ultimately help ensure the long-term success of TURF and similar co-management programs.