Kazakh State Research Articles

АЛМАТЫДАҒЫ 1986 ЖЫЛҒЫ ЖЕЛТОҚСАН КӨТЕРІЛІСІ

The December uprising was one of the first actions against the totalitarian Soviet system and imperial Communist ideology. The decisive actions of the Kazakh youth had a serious impact on the awakening of the national consciousness of other peoples of the Soviet Union, opened the way for the nationalindependence of the Soviet peoples. The Kazakh people began to realize that only the creation of an independent state would ensure the realization of its national interests. The heroism, selflessness and steadfastness of the participants in the uprising became an example for the population of the entire Republic to follow. None of the participants in the December uprising expressed regret or asked for mercy from the authorities, although they were beaten and repressed by special detachments and state security agencies.The truth about the December uprising has reached the world community. The world community unanimously condemned the violent and repressive policy of the leadership of the CPSU. Itsupported the actions of Kazakh youth for national values. After the December uprising, the processes of national and ethno-political identification of the Kazakh people noticeably intensified. Measures to develop the language, history, humanistic traditions and spiritual values of the autochthonous Kazakh people have noticeably intensified. At the same time, inter-ethnic conflicts in the multi-confessional and multi-ethnic Kazakh society did not intensify. The traditional friendship and interethnic harmony of the people of Kazakhstan has been preserved. During theseyears, approximately 40% of the population of the republic were Kazakhs. Large diasporas of Russians, Ukrainians, Uzbeks, Uighurs were sympathetic to the demands of the Kazakh people in the field of the spiritual sphere. The December uprising laid the foundation for the formation of an independent Kazakh state.

СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ КАЗАХСКОГО ХАНСТВА:НОВЫЙ ВЗГЛЯД НА ИСТОРИЮ

The Kazakh Khanate, formed by the Kazakh people led by the khans Kerey and Zhanibek in 1465, did not appear overnight. Its origins goback to the depths of centuries –the history of our statehood, which has 2.5 millennia and begins with the nomadic Saks. In the formation of statehood in the steppe zone, both the general laws of the historical process and the features characteristic of a nomadic society were reflected. In the XIV-XV centuries the process of addition of the Kazakh people was completed. The very name "Kazak", which has undergone a complex transformation from its original social meaning to ethnic content, becomes the name of the people. The entry of the emerging Kazakh people into different states –the Ak Orda, the Khanate of Abulkhair, Moghulistan, the Nogai Horde and the Siberian Khanate; continuous wars, strife between Genghisides and the nobility, coupled with growing external aggression, led to the idea of the need to unite ethnically close groups into a single state. These circumstances became the reasons for the creation of the Kazakh state proper. Ethno-political and socio-cultural processes on the territory of Kazakhstan in the XIV-XV centuries became the result of the emergence of the Kazakh Khanate in 1465.One of the largest and most influential states of Central and Central Asia in the Middle Ages was the Kazakh Khanate. In modern times, the Kazakh Khanate ceased to exist as an independent unit on the political map of the world, however, the achievements it has accumulated in the field of administration, legislation, regulation of public relations, foreign policy and diplomacy have a huge impact on modern Kazakhstan. The article also focuses on the personalities of the prominent khans of the Kazakh Khanate, who played a crucial role in the centuries-old life of the Kazakh people.

Қазақ АКСР-ның құрылуы — республиканың тұтастығын қалыптастырудағы алғашқы қадамдар

The article analyzes the complex historical events of the 20s of the XX century associated with the annexation of Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions to collect Kazakh historical sites around the newly formed Kazakh ASSR. From the middle of the XVIII century, the tsarist government showed interest in the Kazakh land and began to actively pursue a policy of colonial seizure of Kazakh lands. In parallel with the annexation of the Kazakh lands, it gradually began to pursue a policy of settlement in the Akmola and Semipalatinsk regions. The settlement movement had been especially intense since the 80s of the XIX century when the indigenous Kazakh names in the north and east of the Kazakh land began to change into Russian. For example, historically, it would be fair for Omsk County to fully enter the Kazakh state, although, during the previous colonial policy of resettlement, the tsarist government contributed to an increase in the share of Russians in the northern part of this region. The consequences of this policy of the tsarist government led to the unification of the Kazakh lands around Kazakh autonomy in the 20s of the twentieth century. The Soviet Bolshevik government, taking as a basis the priority of the people living in the region when surveying the border, led to the transition to the Kazakh land only of the southern part of the Omsk land, which became a major historical triumph of the Kazakh intelligentsia, the result of many disagreements and disagreements between the Kazakh autonomy and the Siberian Revolutionary government. The Kazakh people proving their belonging to historical territories returned to themselves. In the article, the path to the removal of the Akmola and Semey regions from the composition of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee and transfer to the composition of the KazASSR is considered. At the same time, the works of Kazakh figures were revealed, which proved that the land belongs to Kazakhs in historical, economic, and political terms. Generalized and differentiated prerequisites for the formation of the unity of the Kazakh land, after comparison, the results of the discussion are presented.

Political struggle of nation intellectuals for the establishment of national autonomy in Kazakhstan under Soviet rule (1917 – 1920)

This article refers to documentary documents stored in archives, XX century. Historical analysis of the political struggle of the nation intelligentsia for national autonomy and their negotiations with the Soviet authorities, based on historical data from periodicals. We saw it as a legitimate continuation of the struggle for creation, as a result of a whole historical process. Methodology of the problem, Guided by the concept of a new historical thinking aimed at a new study of the topical issues of the formation of Soviet Kazakh autonomy in the history of Kazakhstan, the theoretical and methodological basis of the historical processes of the 1920s and the contradictions of the Alash intelligentsia. This is because the national policy of that time in the history was emerging «Soviet-style» of Kazakh state and was completely different from the nature of today’s Kazakhstan. The goal of the nation’s intelligentsia was open the eyes of the Kazakh people, awaken their political consciousness, equip them with knowledge, and achieve national-territorial autonomy within Russia by demanding national autonomy from the Russian administration as a whole. Their goal was to form the Alash party after the February Revolution, to form the Alashorda national government after the October Revolution, and to unite all Kazakh lands into one autonomy. Key words: Autonomy, Kazakh SSR, Nation, «Alash», «Alashorda», Bolshevik, Soviet, Russia, empire, political party, Provisional Committee, «Kazakh», «Aikap», «Great Turkestan».

From the history of the kazakh state publishing house. Akhmet Baytursynov and Smagul Sadvokasov

The article draws attention to the current tasks of the Kazakh government KyrCEC in the field of creating an autonomous state publishing house. The methodological aspect lies in  the historical parallels between the tasks of preserving state identity and territorial integrity at the beginning of the 20th century and the national values ​​that the deputies of the State Duma made inquiries about. The continuity of the stages of Alash and Soviet Kazakhstan is unconditional. It is known that at the stage of statehood in the 1920s–1930s, journalism as a tool of mass communication occupied a special place. In the bibliography of the topic, there are no in-depth studies on the establishment of continuity in the practice of social inquiries, using the example of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to reconstruct the conditions in which publicism of the Alash elite were created on the basis of interdisciplinary methods and sources. The article analyzes the contribution of A. Baitursunov, M. Auezov, A. Dosov, A. Ermekov, K. Satpayev, S. Sadvokasov and other Alash activists on topical issues. The research methodology is based on an interdisciplinary approach, analysis and synthesis of sources based on the principles of dialectics, verification of the reliability of sources. The scientific and practical significance of the study is concentrated on the topic of national-cultural and state identity in the interpretation of the Alash leaders. Their contribution to the promotion of informative messages is invaluable. The systematization of the views of the Alash elite in matters of mass communication will be the basis for building the content and methodology of the modern architecture of the media and book publishing of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Keywords: Kazakhstan; Alash; Kazakh State Publishing House; media design; journalism; Shaimerdenov Kosshygul; Baitursynov Akhmet; Sadvokasov Smagul. &nbsp

International Initiatives of Kazakhstan to Counter Religious Extremism: Political Science Analysis

Annotation. It is well known that the prospects of states and societies, as well as their problems, can be truly understood only in the context of the trends of the world development of the modern era. In this context, this article considers the Kazakhstan’s contribution as the most important actor in international relations, in strengthening global, regional and national security for three decades of its Independence. Based on an integrated scientific approach, the publication pays attention to the recognition of the key role of the Kazakh state. Despite the constant changes/transformations in the world confessional space under the influence of trends in global politics, our country strikes not only to support and act, comprehensively developing and strengthening dialogue between leaders of world and traditional religions in the name of peace, harmony and security, but also to organize other areas of practical work in the field of countering religious extremism. The article discusses specific measures taken by secular Kazakhstan over three decades of its sovereignty in countering religious extremism in the national and international context, and/or so–called "extremism in the name of faith" - a new type of ideological weapon in the hands of subjects of international terrorism. Keywords: state, independence, globalization, strategy, national security, peace, religion, international initiatives, Congress of Leaders of World and Traditional Religions, religious extremism, international terrorism.

RELATIVE UNITY AND DIFFERENCES OF LEGAL AND MORAL NORMS IN KAZAKH SOCIETY: POLITICAL THEORY ASPECTS

The article discusses issues of relative unity and difference of legal and moral norms in Kazakh society that have not yet been studied in social and political science. The article examines in more detail the political and moral aspects: the difference of the legal and moral norms of Kazakh society; the relative unity of Kazakh law and morality of the people of Kazakhstan and others. The article states that the relative unity of legal and moral norms in Kazakh society is reflected primarily in the difference of the created ways, the forms of their existence and their guarantees. The rules of law are contained in the legislation, presidential decrees, decrees, statutes, orders and other acts of the organs of the Kazakh State, and the rules of morality are contained in the public conscience. Moral norms are transmitted from generation to generation in the form of generally accepted notions of good and evil, of nobility and vileness, etc., are imprinted in folk proverbs, legends, in works of art. However, the article also focuses on discussion issues.

Caspian Oil and Gas Leverages Strengths To Survive in a Low-Carbon World

Nearly 30 years ago as the Soviet Union lay in tatters, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan signed off on the Caspian’s first oil and gas megaprojects, hoping to guarantee their independence by transforming the region’s energy landscape and their role in it. Nursultan Nazarbayev, then president of Kazakhstan, took the first step in April 1993 by creating Tengizchevroil (TCO), a joint venture between Chevron and Kazakh state oil company KazMunaiGaz, to develop the super-giant Tengiz oil field and nearby Korolev field. Today, Chevron still holds 50% of the venture, ExxonMobil controls 25%, KazMunaiGaz, 20%, and LukArco, a subsidiary of Russia’s Lukoil, 5%. A year and a half later, in September 1994, Azerbaijan’s president, the late Heydar Aliyev, signed a production-sharing agreement (PSA) to develop the deepwater reserves of the Azeri, Chirag, and Gunashli (ACG) fields, attracting the participation of a “who’s who” of the world’s oil and gas elite—13 global companies representing eight countries. These and other signings had a knock-on effect as more upstream megaprojects popped up across the region in the late 1990s and throughout the early 2000s, attracting more international participation and the need to develop midstream infrastructure such as Azerbaijan’s Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan pipeline (BTC) export line to Turkey and Kazakhstan’s Caspian Pipeline Consortium (CPC) to Russia’s oil export terminal at Novorossiysk, as landlocked Central Asia devised ways to get its crude oil to market. For a generation, the Caspian’s top-heavy “bigger is better” way of doing things, led by global majors, did a good job of attracting upstream investment. But what about the next generation as those same supermajors rebrand and shift their portfolios to produce more energy with less carbon? Ashley Sherman, research director at Wood Mackenzie for upstream oil and gas, predicted in June that Caspian oil and gas production will continue to grow in this decade as already-committed oil and gas investments percolate through the system (Fig. 1). These investments, however, target expansion and optimization of existing operations. Thus, by 2030, upstream capital expenditures are likely to be at only half of their 2019 levels, Sherman wrote. BP and Socar’s (the state oil company of the Azerbaijan Republic) deepwater Shafag Asiman discovery in Azerbaijan may be an exception, but while a first exploration well drilled and completed in March detected gas condensate, the well was suspended pending further evaluation and possible drilling of a sidetrack appraisal well, BP said in a news release. The block lies 125 km (78 miles) southeast of Baku in an unexplored area in 650-to-800 m water depths. It is likely that tomorrow’s Caspian upstream will look a lot like today’s Caspian upstream, which is dominated by five projects: the onshore Tengizchevroil and Karachaganak projects in Kazakhstan; shallow-water offshore Kashagan, also in Kazakhstan; and Azerbaijan’s offshore deepwater ACG and the Shah Deniz gas field. While each of these projects elicits a definite “wow” factor in terms of sheer size, it is worth noting that the PSAs on which most of the projects are based will expire in the 2030s, though some remain in effect into the 2040s.

The problem of the nation and national values in the ideology of Marxism

Analysis of the influence of the ideas of Marxism on the national values of the Kazakh people in the Western and Soviet Union were founded by K. Marx and his ideological partner F. Engels. Although the ideas of Marxism were intended to resolve the economic and social contradictions that occurred in Western countries, they belonged to this view. And the communist ideology, formed on the basis of Marxism, bypassed Western culture and radically changed the national values of the Kazakh state within the Soviet Union, the culture of thinking. Identification of the main mistakes in the ideas of Marxism and the consequences of one-sided scientific concepts took place in further development. In this article the author analyzes the Soviet government on the way of creating a formation of communism with the definition of one-sided scientific factors that took place in the ideology of Marxism and the state of Kazakhstan that was part of Soviet Union and its cultural essence. The author proves that the main mistake in the ideology of Marxism is that the problems of national values remain outside the process of society; ideologists turned a blind eye to this problem and as a result, have lost the existing opportunities

Kazakhstan in Africa: An Economic Diplomacy within Distant Neighborhood Foreign Policy

Since the fifteenth century, Africa has always been subject to global attention. European states benefitted from the lands and labor force in Africa during the Atlantic slave trade and colonialism periods. Individuals from different tribes in Africa were forced to leave their homelands in return for forced labor in chiefly the American continent. Besides, European states partitioned the lands of Africa within colonialism that was officially launched in the 1884-85 Berlin Conference. In addition to their ongoing interests in Africa upon the launch of independence movements by the mid-1950s, states out of Europe such as the United States of America (USA), the Soviet Union, India, China, and Brazil have approached Africa for political and ideological reasons. In terms of political reasons, Africa has been regarded as one of the main venues to construct a sphere of influence and to position around these states’ national interests. In terms of ideological reasons, on the other hand, the Soviet Union and the USA tried to support African states in order to provide sustainable protection from each other during the Cold War. Once it appeared that this involvement brought economic gains thereafter, Africa has attracted many other states. Among them is Kazakhstan, who declared an opening to African states by the 2050 Strategy which was announced in 2012. Under the guidance of not only the Kazakh state but also the Kazakh private enterprises, Kazakhstan has been implementing an economic opening to Africa. Accordingly, it is stated in the article that Kazakhstan’s opening to Africa by the 2050 Strategy is an example of how economic diplomacy within the Kazakh distant neighborhood foreign policy has been implemented. In this context, this economic dimension between Kazakhstan and Africa through economic cooperation, investment and trade on the basis of a theoretical debate about economic diplomacy has been tried to show.

Аталыки и институт аталычества в Казахском ханстве

The article analyzes information from historical sources about the atalyks and the Institute of Atalykship in the Kazakh Khanate. The materials of the study were the information of medieval works of Muslim historians, including those not yet put into scientific circulation, published official materials of the 16th18th centuries, the ambassadorial order of the Russian state, magazines, and official notes of the diplomat A.I. Tevkelev, data from Chinese sources, etc. The author cites information from historical sources indicating the existence of the Institute of Atalykship in the Kazakh Khanate. The author draws attention to the fact that the earliest information about the ataliks is contained in the works of Shibanid and Safavid historiography. The work gives the names of more than ten persons who bore the title «atalyk» in the Kazakh Khanate. Despite the paucity of materials about the institution of Atalykship in the Kazakh Khanate, the author makes some assumptions based on the analogy of the institution of atalism in neighboring countries. During the study, the following preliminary conclusions were made about the atalyks and the Institute of Atalykship in the Kazakh Khanate: 1. In the Kazakh Khanate, as well as in many medieval Turkic-Mongolian states, there was an Institute of Atalykship. 2. The Institute of Atalykship was one of the important state-forming elements in the Kazakh Khanate of the 15-17th centuries. 3. The main function of the atalyk in the Kazakh Khanate, as well as in other Turkic-Mongolian states, was to educate the heirs to the throne. 4. Atalyk, as the most faithful and close to the khan people, performed the most important diplomatic functions. 5. The role of the atalyk underwent a transformation in the Kazakh Khanate. In the early period of the history of the Kazakh state, the status of the atalyk at the khan’s court was high. From the end of the 17th century, in connection with the legislative reforms of Tauke Khan, the status of the atalyk significantly decreased and he began to occupy a status in the social hierarchy below the clan elders

Магнитные свойства композита частиц DyMn-=SUB=-2-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-5-=/SUB=--Mn-=SUB=-3-=/SUB=-O-=SUB=-4-=/SUB=-

The paper presents the results of the experimental studies of magnetic and resonance properties of the DyMn2O5 – Mn3O4 particles composite. There are two magnetic transitions at temperatures T1  65 K and T2  230 K. T1 differs from the transition temperatures for the initial materials, and this fact is associated with the interparticle interaction. T2 corresponds to the impurity phase DyMnO3 (1 at.%). Three peaks of microwave absorption are observed in the magnetic resonance spectrum, which is explained in the framework of the model of a two-phase system in magnetic relation. One resonance is attributed to Mn3O4 and the other two peaks refer to the ensemble of strongly anisotropic DyMn2O5 particles with a random distribution of anisotropy axes. Patrin Gennady Semionovich1,3 Mataev Mukhametkali Musagalievich2 Abdraimova Moldir Rashidovna2 Tursinova Zhanar Iliyasovna2 Kezdikbaeva Asel Taupykovna4 Shiyan Yaroslav Germanovich1,3 Plekhanov Vasil Granitovich1 1 Siberian Federal University, Svobodny pr. 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia 2 Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University, Aiteke bi, 99, Almaty, 050000, Kazakhstan 3 L.V. Kirensky Institute of Physics, Federal Research Center KSC, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 660036 Russia 4 E.A. Buketov Karaganda State University, st. University 28, City of Karaganda, 100028, Kazakhstan

PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION AND ITS STRATEGIC PURPOSE - FORMATION OF A COMPREHENSIVE PERSONALITY

The article deals with the new philosophical and ideological foundations of the philosophy of education. Education reform in Kazakhstan today is characterized by many innovations, some of which are focused on Western educational systems and projects, the introduction of innovative technologies in the learning process, etc. As for the formation of worldview, this issue has not yet been fully discussed, it is only in the early stages of discussion. Education reform programs and practices still address civic responsibility and flexibility in developing knowledge, developing professional skills, and adapting quickly to transition. Of course, such tasks are proven, but modern education lacks a worldview, including the Kazakh education system. Any education reform is, first of all, a reform of the content of education. In today's globalized world, the Republic of Kazakhstan demands that young people strive for knowledge and skills, work hard and grow. In this regard, it is worth noting the words of the President: “If you are the son of your country, if you are passionate about your country, if you have civic honor, work hard to strengthen and prosper the Kazakh state. Remember that you are the owner of the land and the country. " The main purpose of spiritual and moral education is to bring up a generation that has awakened a sense of national consciousness, high spirit, deep culture, wisdom, conscience and other good qualities.

НАУКОВО-ПЕДАГОГІЧНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ КОЛЕСНИКОВА В. В.

Колесников Володимир Васильович – заслужений діяч науки, доктор біологічних наук, професор. Працював завідувачем кафедри гістології і очолював факультет ветеринарної медицини Одеського сільськогосподарського інституту. Він першим обґрунтував існування підтазового відділу черевної порожнини у деяких представників гризунів і комахоїдних, а також встановив етапи становлення придаткових зовнішніх статевих органів ссавців. В працях по морфології легень науковцем по-новому висвітлена функція бронхіальних шляхів і формування респіраторних відділів на прикладі дихальної системи великої рогатої худоби та коней.

ARTISTIC HARMONY OF THE POETICS OF HISTORICAL TRUTH

This article States that the classic artistic basis of modern Kazakh prose, which influenced its content and form, were the works of new written realistic literature ( works of Abay, Y. Altynsarina et al.). Images of Kazakh prose created by Shokan, Ibrai, Abai and works written at the subsequent stages of the development of Kazakh literature are national spiritual values. It also examines the literary process of the early twentieth century and the work of individual writers who contributed to the development of the novel genre in Kazakh prose along with examples of world literature. A large number of Kazakh novels created during the period of independence were published in the 90s of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. The article examines how the centuries-old history of the Kazakh people, the history of the Kazakh state from ancient times to the present day is depicted in fiction within the framework of the traditional creative process.

Problems of the state of internal and external development of the kazakh state in the stage of strength, rise

Problems of the state of internal and external development of the kazakh state in the stage of strength, rise

«Светская религия»: ислам в казахстанском национальном строительстве

The article explores the concept of “Kazakh Islam” in the sociopolitical rhetoric of modern Kazakhstan. The change in the state’s policy regarding Islam, which is gradually acquiring new meanings in the changing contexts of national construction is noticed. Four strategies for the construction of “Kazakh Islam” are identified and analyzed: state, political, theological, scientific-journalistic, each of which has its own language and logic of argumentation. The state strategy is focused on the elimination of religious topics from public discourse. The political one is actualized during the election period and serves as the basis for discussion of Kazakh identity. The theological one is focused on including a new concept in a wide ideological Islamic context. The scientific-journalistic one seeks to fill the traditional form of Kazakh Islam with modernization meanings. The separation of religious and secular areas in the daily, routine activities of the state and the church is fully consistent with the concept of secularization. But everything changes when it comes to the most generalized political categories, especially the nation. In the space of nationalism, secularization is losing its power, giving rise to semantic constructions that look absurd, both from the standpoint of religion and from the point of view of the state. The described definitions of “Kazakh Islam” show that it is impossible to consider religious and secular ideology as competitors pursuing diametrically opposite goals within the framework of national building practices. The ideology of “Kazakh Islam” cannot be strictly fixed, since in this way it would lose all of its consolidating potential. As a result, we are dealing with a set of contradictory rhetoric, which is united by the legitimizing force of “nation” and “god”. The organic complementarity and interchangeability of these concepts reveals the complex and dynamic connection of religion and nationalism in promoting and legitimizing the meaning of the existence of the Kazakh state.

Między pamięcią i polityką. Żeński obóz koncentracyjny „AŁŻIR” koło Astany w Kazachstanie

The article is dedicated to the analysis of ideas created and transmitted by the Museum and Memorial Complex of Political Repressions and Totalitarianism Victims on the former Akmolinsky Camp of Wives of the Traitors of the Motherland (Akmolinskij lagier zon izmiennikow Rodiny) “ALZhiR”. The author focuses on the functioning of the museum “ALZhIR” in the entire internal and external politics of the Kazakhstan state conducted by president Nursultan Nazarbayev and his allies. The museum deals with contents which not only introduce the camp reality, but shows the contents of the support given to the Kazakh state and Kazakh nation as well. The author present the analysis of the aspects of national ideology in the museum. The basic ideas are: glorification of Kazakh history, culture and humanitarism, absolutely requiring giving aid to the people in need.

The political process in Kazakhstan at the present stage

In recent decades, the political process in Kazakhstan has gone through several stages of its development. Each of them was associated with the specifics development of the Kazakh state, reflecting, among other things, the level of economic and social development.After gaining independence, the political process in Kazakhstan was held in the conditions of growing economic problems, reorientation of trade and economic relations. The country’s leadership faced the need to address urgent socio-economic tasks and, at the same time, to prevent political chaos and anarchy.Formation and subsequent development of the institution of the presidency, the formation of the party system, the development of parliamentarism required the alterations, and subsequently the adoption of a new version of the Basic Law of Kazakhstan. Its adoption made it possible to achieve the functioning of a strong presidential power in the country, combined with the presence of ideological pluralism, the development of the party system.The problems of Kazakhstan’s political development were constantly in the field of view of the country’s leadership. After 2007, the president of the country initiated a course for a gradual redistribution of powers between the executive and legislative branches of power. The task was set to expand the powers of the legislature, while maintaining a strong presidential branch of power. Such changes were dictated by the tasks of Kazakhstan’s political development, its economy, active participation in integration projects, as well as greater involvement of the country in world political processes.In the past few years, the political process in Kazakhstan has been marked by large-scale changes that reflect the incompleteness of political reform. A key element of the transformation is the creation of a system of power in which strengthening the presidential-parliamentary form of government will reflect the need to strengthen the role of parties. At the same time, in 2017– early 2018 various initiatives aimed at enhancing the stability of the existing political system are discussed in the country, which should give greater stability and predictability to the political process in Kazakhstan, creating the basis for its stable social and economic development.

Organization of teaching practice of future primary school teachers in the context of dual training system

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to bare the peculiarities and challenges of the dual training (DT) of the future primary school teachers in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The above-mentioned problem is quite urgent, as the system of VET and DT is a rather new experience for Kazakhstani system of higher education. Thereby, the paper makes an effort to demonstrate the forms of organization of DT at teachers’ training university.Design/methodology/approachThe instruments for gathering information (data) for this study were various primary school teachers’ training curricula adopted by Kazakh State Women’s Teacher Training University; in particular, curricula of teaching practice. Various types of teaching practice during the entire learning period are provided by the state educational standards of higher professional education. Therefore, the research utilized a retrospective analysis that allows identifying the nature and specifics of the primary school teachers’ training curricula.FindingsThe paper points out the necessity to strengthen practical orientation of future primary school teacher through the synthesis of academic and educational processes (in school). It also presents the differences between the organization of teaching practice based on traditional and dual approach.Originality/valueThe authors suggest project curriculum of continuous teaching practice during the entire learning process on the example of the specialty 5B010200 Pedagogy and methodology of primary education in the context of DT and some results of its implementation.