Kathua District Research Articles

Decision making ability of agri- entrepreneurs at Jammu and Kathua districts of J & K state, India

The concept of entrepreneurship has assumed prime importance in research and development for accelerating economic growth in developing countries. The Entrepreneurship development institution has been focusing its attention on developing programmes for entrepreneurship development and innovative training technique for trainers. The entrepreneurs are responsible for many economic decisions that rests on anticipating demand and bearing risks. The investigation on 210 agri-entrepreneurs thirty each from seven agri-enterprisesnamely vegetable growing, strawberry growing, dairy farming, mushroom growing, bee-keeping, poultry farming and flower growing, selected purposively from Jammu and Kathua districts of Jammu and Kashmir state revealed that one-half (50.48%) of the agri-entrepreneurs were in the high category of decision making ability followed by medium (46.19%) and low (3.33%) levels. Majority (76.67%) of vegetable entrepreneurs were in the high level of decision making ability followed by poultry entrepreneurs (56.67%). Majority (61.43%) of entrepreneurs had not received any training. Only 38.57% of entrepreneurs had received training. Bee-keepers were highest (66.67%) who received training regarding their enterprise. Majority (61.72%) of entrepreneurs received training for a period of seven days followed by 23.46% of entrepreneurs who got training for fifteen days and 14.81% who attended thirty days training. The study inferred that high level of decision making ability of agri- entrepreneurs might be due to individual ownership, high achievement motivation and high risk taking capacity. The appropriate decisions with regard to finalizing different technical, financial and marketing aspects at right time, results in the progress of the enterprise.

Assessment of Physical Health Status of Female Construction Workers of Kathua District, J&K

The present study was conducted to assess the physical health status of female construction workers of Kathua District of JK along with skin rashes and lesions were also noted. Muscular pains and joint aches were also frequently noted. Nervous system problems reported included feeling of dizziness, fainting spells, headaches and cold sweats. There was also low to moderate incidence of fatigue and moderate to high incidence of illness among the sample females. Statistically there was significant difference in the physical health of the two age groups. Comparatively women in the 30-40 years age group faced more problems in eyes, nervous system, genitourinal system and encountered more incidence of illness than the younger age group. Overall, the results highlight the poor health condition of female construction workers.

Role and Developmental Activities of Women in Panchayati Raj Institution of Kathua District

Constitution of India was amended by way of 73rd amendment in 1992, wherein constitution and establishment of Panchayats was made mandatory. It was the resolve of the Parliament to take democracy t...

Applied multiple regression for autocorrelated sugarcane data

Major rice growing areas of Jammu sub-tropics (Jammu, Samba and Kathua Districts) were surveyed to ascertain the status and distributions of brown spot of rice during 2011 to 2012. The disease was reported from all the areas with area under brown spot progress curve (AUBSPC) ranging between 3150 and 3560, 3025.00 and 3100, and 2921 and 31050 in Jammu, Kathua and Samba districts, respectively. Under laboratory conditions, seven fungicides (propiconazole, hexaconazole, tricyclazole, carbendazim, triadimefon, mancozeb and azoxystrobin) were tested at 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 ppm. Out of different fungicides, propiconazole was most effective with maximum inhibition of 97% at 250 ppm concentration. Under field conditions, three rice varieties viz., Basmati-370, Jaya and PC-19 were used for testing different fungicides at 0.1% concentration during 2011 to 2012 and application of propiconazole significantly reduced the disease severity (69, 73 and 70) and increased the grain yield (19, 12 and 21) of all the varieties as compared to their respective controls. It was concluded that timely spray of propiconazole reduce the disease severity and thereby increase the yield of the rice. Key words: Brown spot, Bipolaris oryzae, severity, fungicides, management.

Post-harvest farm operation losses in paddy -A case study of Kathua District

The present study was undertaken to estimate the losses of paddy during harvesting and threshing operations; to examine various types of storage structures used by the farmers for paddy and their storage losses and to study the loss of paddy during marketing by the farmer. The study brought out that 90 percent of the paddy area was harvested manually using sickle and the rest about 10 per cent with harvest-combine. The harvesting loss was high in case of sickle harvesting. In the case of paddy, the harvesting loss with sickle was 21.07 and 6.25 kg per acre for combine harvesting. The threshing loss of paddy was about 9 kg per acre. The study brought out that storage of paddy in kohl was the most common followed by bharola and metal bin. The storage loss of paddy for family consumption and seed was 1.86 and 1.55 per cent, respectively. The marketing loss of paddy 0.36 per cent respectively of the quantity sold.

Ethnoveterinary remedies of diseases among milk yielding animals in Kathua, Jammu and Kashmir, India

The triangle of relationship between human beings, animals and plants has existed for ages, and has given rise to intense-relationships and consequently rich traditions of ethnoveterinary knowledge throughout the world. The predominantly rural population and the strong agricultural base have provided unique situation for rich ethnoveterinary practices in the study area. Aim of the studyThe present study was conducted in the Kathua district of Jammu and Kashmir between 2007 and 2009 to provide list of the important plants of the region for further phytochemical and pharmacological studies, and to prepare inventory of the ethnoveterinary practices for the future generations. Material and methodsDirect interview of 78 informants was conducted and the information gathered was analyzed for two quantitative methods viz. informant consensus factor (ICF) and use-value (UV). The characteristics of ethnoveterinary plants and practices were also documented. ResultsA total of 72 plants were used to cure 33 common ailments of milk yielding animals of Kathua district. Fabaceae (7 species) was the most represented family, along with Poaceae (6 species). Leaves (27.2%) were the most frequently used plant parts, herbs (48.6%) the most frequently used life-form and wild flora (58.3%) the most used source for the ethnoveterinary practices. The highest ICF was reported for urological disorders (0.95) and lowest for nutritional diseases (0.80). The values of ICF were generally on the higher side which shows that the informants share the knowledge about the ailment among themselves. The important ethnoveterinary plant species on the basis of use-values were: Brassica campestris, Saccharun officinarum, Emblica officinalis, Trachyspermum ammi, Asparagus adscendens, Musa paradisica, Oryza sativa, Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica, Tinospora cordifolia and Tamarindus indica. ConclusionHigh diversity of ethnoveterinary plants were found to cure the common milk yielding animals of Kathua district. Further phytochemical and pharmacological studies are required to ascertain their chemical nature for the betterment of the locals and farmers, and commercial utilization of this knowledge.

Human Rights and Declining Sex-Ratio

In India, right from her birth, a girl child is treated by the society, including her parents as a burden because of various traditional beliefs and misconceptions of the society. The reaction of the family members is different towards the girl's rights right from the birth. Often, the girl is born and brought up in an atmosphere where the family would have rather preferred a boy in her place. This attitude of acceptance to large extent affects her existence. Those who survive are also discriminated against and neglected in numerous ways. Son preference has been one of the most evident manifestations of patriarchal society. In the paper both primary and secondary data were used. The present paper is an attempt to understand the socio-cultural factors that have traditionally undervalued daughters compared to sons and how all these practices violates many rights of these innocent girls and foetuses in Kathua district of Jammu (Jammu and Kashmir). Keywords: Traditional Beliefs, Discrimination, Neglected, Patriarchy, Socio-cultural, Foetus, Girl's Rights

Socioeconomic Impact of SHGs on the Beneficiaries in Kathua District, India

Socioeconomic Impact of SHGs on the Beneficiaries in Kathua District, India

Physico-chemical status of soil between Lowang to Gatti, Sewa catchment, Kathua District, J&K

Four stations were selected in Sewa river catchment, district Kathua, J&K for soil studies for 2 years on monthly basis. Geologically and from pH studies have revealed acidic character of soils. The soils are mostly clay-loam in texture. Most of its parts is barren and soil moisture is accounted from persistent snow cover on high peaks and frequent rain for 8 months during the year. Moisture ranges between 8.73% to 12.90% in all profiles and results in high ingress of water. The loss of nutrition among SiO,, Al,0,, Tio, Fe,0,, CaO, MgO, Na,0 and K,O and MnO by chemical analysis, revealed that TiO,, Fe,O,, Na and K get depleted from composite samples and as such need compensation. Al,O, and MnO get added to the composite soils, because of excessive erosion usually common most of the Himalayan catchments. SiO,, Ca0 and MgO do not show any impoverishment in composite samples and remain almost same in both in-situ and composite samples. Organic carbon too, in all the four profiles indicates uniform distribution. The present studies shows soil of catchment area of River Sewa moderately to highly degraded and prone to soil erosion, landslides and rock falls• leading ultimately to loss of nutrients essential for maintaining the fertility of the soil. The catchment areas should properly be forested, planted with long rooted grass and vetiver grass to control erosion. Various land management practices, such as mixed cropping, intercropping, strip cropping, rotational cropping, mulching, application of organic manures will go a long way to reduce soil erosion and conserve sub-soil moisture effectively.

Comparative Study of Cognitive Development of ICDS and Non-ICDS Children (3-6 Years)

The present research has been conducted with the objectives of comparing the cognitive development of ICDS and non-ICDS children (3-6 years), to find out the mean age at which the cognitive abilities viz. verbal, identification, recognition, comparison/discrimination, achievement/performance, thinking, memory and perceptual abilities-auditory discrimination, olfactory, discrimination and taste discrimination develop and also to study the role of non-formal pre-school education in the cognitive development of children. 60 ICDS and 60 non-ICDS children were selected from Kathua district, J&K using purposive sampling technique. For data collection Cognitive Development Scale was used. Results of the study revealed that cognitive abilities are increasing with an increase in the age of children and there is a significant difference in the ICDS and non-ICDS children. The overall cognitive ability of children from 3 to 6 years has increased with age and these abilities were already developed to some extent between 3-3 ½ years. Non-formal pre-school education component of ICDS has played a vital role in enhancing the cognitive abilities of children. As results are more inclined towards ICDS children.

Causes of School Dropouts among Rural Girls in Kathua District

A dropout is considered a student who for any reason other than death leaves school before graduation without transferring to another school. Dropping out of school is a well documented social prob...