Karo Language Research Articles

Tindak Tutur dalam Interaksi Penjaja dan Pelanggan: Studi Kasus Pasar Kampung Lalang

The speech acts uttered by the speaker often do not match what is received by the recipient of the language (buyer). This problem of meaning is also an obstacle in speech that is not paid enough attention by speakers, both speakers (sellers) and buyers. Language is used as a forum for dialogue between speakers and speakers in buying and selling transactions. The aim of this research is to describe speech acts in the interaction between vendors and customers at Kampung Lalang Market. The method used is a qualitative descriptive method that focuses on reality as the actual situation in the Kampung Lalang market area. The data collection technique is carried out using recording techniques, namely recording speech and speech activities by speakers in the context of buying and selling, recorded with a device or similar. This process is carried out for use by sellers and customers and can be played or listened to many times, thereby facilitating researchers in examining speech acts. The second technique is the observation technique, namely observing something directly, the interaction between sellers and buyers at Kampung Lalang Market. The speech results found in the interaction between the seller and the customer are locutionary acts with the types of statements, questions and commands. Illocutionary speech acts include directive, commissive, declarative and expressive types, as well as perlocutionary speech acts. In this speech the seller and customer use Karo language.

Adverbian Phrase Structure in Karo Language

In this research, adverbial phrases in the Karo language will be discussed. This research aims to find out, analyze and describe phrases in the Karo language. Data collection techniques were carried out using reading techniques and recording techniques or listening notes and analyzed using formal and informal qualitative descriptive analysis techniques. This research examines the structure of adverbial phrases in the Karo language, using qualitative research. Data were analyzed using distributional studies, there were 4 stages, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion of research findings and verification. The research results show that (1) there are three types of phrases found in the Karo language, namely: verb phrases (FV), adjective phrases (F Adj.) and adverb phrases (F. Ad).

PERLINDUNGAN HAK EKONOMI TERHADAP LAGU TUHU LA AKU BUAL LAGU YANG DICOVER DALAM CHANEL YOUTUBE

Karo songs are works of art created from the Karo language, literature, as well as music and singers. Each word has a specific meaning to convey to the audience, namely the listener/viewer. Economic rights are understood as the right to obtain profits from the creation of a song. This research is an empirical qualitative method, using empirical data collection and in-depth interpretation. The methods used include in-depth interviews and participant observation, the result is that the economic rights of Karo language songs on YouTube are protected, but many individuals also use other people's works for commercial purposes. The protection given to economic rights can be complained of if the content owner reports violations even though copyright ownership has been registered. This is because economic rights adhere to the complaint offense system. Complaints can be submitted through litigation channels, namely the Commercial Court, and also non-litigation channels, namely to the Press council.

ANKAI SITELU: KOREOGRAFI TERINSPIRASI DARI SISTEM KEKERABATAN PADA MASYARAKAT KARO

Ankai sitelu is taken from the Batak Karo language, the word ankai means understanding and sitelu which means sitiga. If these three words are interpreted, they mean a dance that originates from understanding rakut sitelu. " ankai sitelu" is a dance work inspired by the Batak Karo kinship system, namely rakut sitelu. Rakut sitelu consists of sukut, kalimbubu, and anak beru. Sukut is the party who is the host in a traditional or ritual ceremony, kalimbubu is the party who is highly respected because he is considered to be the representative of dibata (god) on earth who gives tendi and blood, while anak beru is the party who does the sukut work in traditional ceremonies and rituals. This work takes the essence of balance in the rakut sitelu system with traditional karo dance movement patterns which are developed according to broader teba movement intensity, volume, level and time.
 Ankai Sitelu's work is a group choreography consisting of three female dancers, a total of three dancers who will be composed in a large group and small group composition by paying attention to the composition of the parts. The number of three dancers is analogous to three social positions in the Rakut Sitelu kinship system. This work uses the exploration method as an initial part in developing the creativity of the creation process, improvisation to find movements by chance or spontaneously, composition to arrange the movements that have been obtained, as well as periodic corrective evaluation of the process. This work is expected to provide information about the meaning and values contained in Rakut Sitelu.
 Keywords: Rakut sitelu, balance, Karo Batak tradition

Euphemism patterns in karo language at traditional marriage ceremonies

The study aims (1) to find out the patterns of euphemism in the Karo language, (2) to describe the eufemism that should be used in conversations at Karo's customary ceremonies, (3) to define the frequency of the themes of euphimism in Karo. This research approach is descriptive research with a qualitative approach. This research is based on social phenomena, i.e. descriptive data of language, analyzed in context and translated into words or sentences. The method used in this study is a descriptive method. This method is used to visualize the euphemism patterns of the Karo language in indigenous ceremonies. The method used in this study is ethnography one of the empirical and theoretical approaches that seeks for in-depth description and cultural analysis based on intensive field research. The results of the study were (1) a pattern of euphemism in the Karo language frequently found in the wedding ceremony in Karo, a marriage known as the “perjabun”,(2) a conversation on the customary ceremony of Karo’s wedding in a conversation, (3) the frequency of the theme of eufemism that exists in the language Karo that the four forms of the ceremony is the introduction of the bride there are two data with a percentage of 50%, whereas the form to the two ceremonies of flour tawar there are seven data with the percentages of 90%, the subsequent ceremony there are three data with 25%, and in the msk nasisn before-face there is one data with 25% percent.

Folklore Study: The Folk Language of Karo

Folklore is a part of culture that is passed down through generations among specific groups. Folklore is generally spread orally and has identifying characteristics such as traditional dissemination, variations in different versions, and anonymous authorship. Folklore takes various forms, including oral folklore, partly oral folklore, and non-oral folklore. The Karo language's oral folklore has specific dialects and distinctive features such as slang, jargon, colloquialism, and unique naming conventions. Keywords: folklore, types of folklore, characteristics of folklore, Karo language

The Afixation in Karo Language

This study aims to reveal the process of affixation and potential forms in the Karo language at the Pancur Batu Traditional Market. The theory used in this paper is the theory proposed by experts in the field of morphology. The approach used is a generative morphological theory [1][2]. The basic units of the lexicon are "morphemes," and according to the lexicalist, Aronoff argues that "words" are the basis of all derivations. The morphophonemic process analysis consists of four subcomponents: 1) morpheme list, 2) word formation rules, 3) filter, and 4) dictionary. The data found verb-forming affixations, noun-forming affixations, adjective-forming affixations, reduplication with affixes, and potential forms in the Karo language. This study focuses on collecting and presenting qualitative data on affixation processes closely related to morphology. Therefore, this research is also called descriptive-qualitative research. In the potential formation of the Karo language, there are three possible forms: phonological, lexical, and semantic.

VARIASI BAHASA MASYARAKAT KARO JAHE DI DESA NAMO MIRIK KECAMATAN KUTALIMBARU: KAJIAN SOSIOLINGUISTIK

People who use Karo language are divided into two, namely Karo Gugung and Karo Jahe. The use of language can be seen from the differences in vocabulary, sentence structure, and dialect. The aims of this study were (1) to describe the variations of the Karo Jahe language seen from the association of speakers and the function of the language used by the people of Namo Mirik Village, Kutalimbaru District and (2) the factors that cause language variations in the speaking community. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method. The research data is in the form of quotations of words, phrases, or conversational sentences used by the people of Namo Mirik Village, Kutalimbaru District. The data collection technique used is listen listen, get involved and talk (SLC). The results of the study found that (1) language variations from various social levels included the Karo Jahe dialect, the use of basilek, vulgar, slang, colloquial, and jargon languages. Meanwhile, language variation can be seen from the diversity of language functions in agriculture or in accordance with people's livelihoods and the use of language from a formal perspective, namely in the event of customs. (2) Factors that influence the occurrence of language variations in the people of Namo Mirik Village, Kutalimbaru District, include aspects of place, social status (education), situation (local customs), and profession.

Relationship of Batak Karo, Batak Toba, And Nias Comparative Historical Linguistic Study

Batak language families such as Karo, Toba, Mandailing, Simalungun, and Angkola have dominant language users, especially Batak Karo and Batak Toba. In addition to the Batak language family, Nias language is also one of the languages ​​whose users are quite a lot in North Sumatra, eventhough it is not the area of ​​origin. Kinship Language is a comparative historical linguistic study. By using the quantitative method the kinship relations of the three languages ​​are calculated lexicostatistically. The indicator used to determine related words is a basic vocabulary called the Swadesh basic vocabulary, which consists of two hundred vocabularies. The first result was obtained, namely the Batak Karo language (BBK) and the Batak Toba language (BBT) have a kinship relationship, where from 200 words there are 121 words that have a kinship relationship, namely 37 identical related words and 84 shifting related words with the same meaning. The level of kinship between the Batak Toba language and the Batak Karo language is fairly high because the percentage is 60.5%. The year of separation occurred in 703 AD. The second is that the Batak Karo language and the Nias language (BN) have a kinship relationship. From 200 words there are 49 words that have kinship relations, namely 13 identical related words and 36 shifted related words with the same meaning. The level of kinship is relatively low because the percentage is 24.5%. The year of separation occurred in 1036 BC. The third is that Batak Toba language and Nias language have a kinship relationship, seen from 200 basic words, there are 50 words that have kinship relationships, namely 12 identical related words and 38 shifted related words with the same meaning. The level of kinship between the Batak Toba language and the Nias language is relatively low because the percentage is 25%. The year of separation occurred in 1022 AD

The Study of Humor in Daily Conversations in Karo Language

This research is a study of humor in daily conversation in Karo language. This study aimed to describe the form of humor found in daily conversations in Karo language. This research used descriptive-qualitative to describe the humor that dominates daily conversations in Karo. The approach used was a pragmatic approach because the data analyzed was in the form of speech. The Data collection used a recording technique and it was taken from the daily speech of the participants. The Techniques for analyzing data were (1) data selection, (2) data grouping into tables, (3) data coding by providing code O1 for speakers, while code O2 referred to speech partners. The results of this study consisted of five techniques, namely exaggeration, literalness, definition, facetiousness and allusion. And the facetiousness technique was the greatest technique in the conversation.

THE PHRASES IN KARO LANGUAGE

This study describes the various types and the function of phrase in Karo language. Based on the form, phrase can be distinguished into coordinative phrase, modifier phrase, and exocentric phrase. Based on the function, phrase can be distinguished into (1) noun phrase which function as a subject or an object, (2) verb phrase as a predicate, (3) adjective phrase as a noun modifier, (4) adverb phrase or prepositional phrase as a verb modifier

Analyzing Complex Predicates in Karo Language using Syntactic Parsing

This study characterized the complex predicate and multiple events where the multi-verb single clause realises a single event in syntax and examined the complex sentences containing multiple verbal predicates. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. The data sources used were sentences containing karo sentence clauses and was classified based on the elements of complex Predicates in a tree diagram and the RRG account of nexus-juncture relations theory by Nolan, 2005 & Van Valin, 2005. The findings showed that event, argument, and semantic could be realized in syntactic meaning to reveal complex predicates. The tightest syntactic linkages embodied the closer semantic relations and it was signaled by word order. Most of the complex predicates in Karo language have an embedded object. The core in the nucleus could be appeared not only as one core but two or more complex predicates and it followed by an argument with the form V+V+N and in the form of V+V+N. One argument (Participant/Actor) that involved one core. It assumed that there might be one participant in two events, and there may be two participants in one event. All of Karo language sentences have at least one NP + one VP and they consisted of more than one complex predicates.

The Meanings of Sentence Insistence in Karo Language

The aims of writing this research are to analyze about the use of particles in language and also the shift of words from one position to another one and they become what are called sentence insistence or sentence emphasis in Karo Language. The method of this research is by using descriptive research or library research. The analysis elaborates all types of insistence that can give effect to the meanings of the sentences which can be divided into 5 (five) types, such as: word stress, clauses in contradiction, the use of passive voice and the shift of words from one place to another one. The conclusion of this research shows the aspects of discussion such the types of insistence and how the meanings are found or described.

Transitive Word Order in Karonese Language

The research aims to look for word-formation from suffix -i and -pe and the prefix-ken. The problem of the research was whether the suffix -i and -ken and the prefix pe- can form transitive in sentences. This study used the qualitative approach. The complex predicate data were analyzed using the agih method which is part of the language itself which becomes the determining tool. This is an appropriate method of analyzing language. This study indicates that sentence formation in the Karo language initially uses the VOS word order. At the suffix-i, the transitive word order VOS is found, the suffix -ken used the VO word order and at the prefix pe- also used the VOS word order. The suffix -i was initially used with adjectives, intransitive verbs, and nouns to form a root word in the form of a locative transitive verb (referring to a place). If suffix –ken combined with a root word which is a group of adjectives, intransitive verbs, or nouns, the meaning becomes causative, making the sufferer become/do something. The prefix pe- functions to change adjectives, intransitive verbs, and nouns into transitive verbs. The derivative form produces a causative meaning.

Semantic Verb Types and Predicate Construction in Karo Language

This study was aimed to analyze the semantic verb types and predicates construction in Karo language. The data was obtained from native speakers of the Karo language with open interview techniques. Data were analyzed by the descriptive analyzes. The result of data analysis was the classification of semantic type in Karo language were Primary A: Motion, Primary A: Rest, Primary B: Speaking, Secondary A: Trying, Secondary C: Help and the predicate constructions founded in several forms, they were: First, arguments predicate STATE functioned with BECOME and BE and CAUSE. Second, EVENT functioned with MOVE, BE and BECOME.

Environmental friendly “Jambur” building relevance in Karo Batak communities and gotong-royong/sisampat-sampati communities in Covid-19 pandemics

It can be an exciting and positive thing to realize an Indonesian-style building in a location from certain ethnic groups like the Karo Batak. Notably, suppose they collaborated with social empowerment where they live so that the diversity of Indonesia’s ethnic groups will be more colorful in cooperating or working together or in the “Sisampat-sampati” in Karo Language. In that case, this can be built by creating approaches for developing the character of ethnic groups and in person. Developing the character of a person or ethnic group in Indonesia will make the Indonesian people better in the future, because in principle, these characters are formed from many national cultures, such as respect for nature and others. Indonesia is very friendly or likes to communicate and interact, so that the use of social media in Indonesia can be said to be very broad and the third largest for several types of social media. However, whether this has excellent implications for increasing the quality of life or significant quality of life is still a big question especially Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) number 13, climate change. However, with a hypothesis that mutual character building is the right answer, the researcher is pleased to provide input from a broader view of character development itself and architecture. This will undoubtedly bring significant changes to the nation in the future. This paper is a conceptual article or literature study and input from several journals.

An Analysis of Polysemy of “anding-andingen” Proverb in Karo Language: Problems of Natural Semantic MetaLanguage

This article aims at proposing a way to identify polysemy ‘anding-andingen’ or proverb in bahasa karo. The writer has an interest to use proverb or anding-aningen in this study because in proverb contains a lot of semantic meaning. This study was conducted using the descriptive qualitative approach in nature; therefore it only describes the semantic knowledge theory. The results of this study indicate that the element DO may occur either with a subject (Actor) alone with a second (Patient) argument as well (in English, as DO TO). It opened the way for a new semantically-inspired approach to grammar constructions. An analysis of ‘X does this’ as ‘X can say this’ and of ‘A because B’ as if not B, the not A’, the writers admitted that both DO and BECAUSE into the stable of semantic primitives. A similar entailment-like relationship obtains between PEOPLE and SOMEONE, but there is at least one significant syntactic difference, namely, that PEOPLE cannot occur with quantifier ONE.

An Analysis of Polysemy of “anding-andingen” Proverb in Karo Language: Problems of Natural Semantic MetaLanguage

This article aims at proposing a way to identify polysemy ‘anding-andingen’ or proverb in bahasa karo. The writer has an interest to use proverb or anding-aningen in this study because in proverb contains a lot of semantic meaning. This study was conducted using the descriptive qualitative approach in nature; therefore it only describes the semantic knowledge theory. The results of this study indicate that the element DO may occur either with a subject (Actor) alone with a second (Patient) argument as well (in English, as DO TO). It opened the way for a new semantically-inspired approach to grammar constructions. An analysis of ‘X does this’ as ‘X can say this’ and of ‘A because B’ as if not B, the not A’, the writers admitted that both DO and BECAUSE into the stable of semantic primitives. A similar entailment-like relationship obtains between PEOPLE and SOMEONE, but there is at least one significant syntactic difference, namely, that PEOPLE cannot occur with quantifier ONE.

PHONOLOGICAL DIALECT DIFFERENCES OF KARONESE LANGUAGE IN MEDAN, NORTH SUMATRA

In this research, the writer analyzes about Phonological dialect differences of Karonese Language, in which it is studied in dialectology. Dialectology is a study of geographical varieties of language. Whereas, dialect is the language of a group of people living in a particular area. The data that are used from primary and secondary sources. The method of data collections are observation method, interview method and introspective method. To analyze the data, the writer used equalizing method and distributional. The method of data presentation used formal method and informal method. In karo language there are 6 vowels, 15 consonants, 18 diphthong and 7 triphtongs. In karo language, there vowel variation such as vowels /i/ and /ɪ/, /a/ and /æ/, /ʊ/ and /ᴐ/, /ʊ/ and /ǝ/, /ǝ:/ and /i:/. There are also vowel variations to be diphthong variations like; /e/ to be /ai/, /o/ to be /au/. In karo language was found diphthong variation to be triphtong variations, such as; /oi/ to be /aui/, /io/ to be /iau/, /ue/ to be /uai/ and /uei/, /ie/ to be /iai/ and /iei/. In karo language there are some vowels that is pronounced but it is not written, like; /a: /æ/, /i:/, /ɪ/ /e:/, /ǝ:/, /ᴐ/.

Exemplary of Limang: The Life Story of Rakoetta Sembiring Brahmana as “Bupati Pejuang” 1914-1964

Rakoetta S. Brahmana is a name that is still unfamiliar to some of the ears of North Sumatra people, especially for Indonesians in general. Rakoetta, as her comrade and family called her, was a Karo son who was born in the village of Limang, Tanah Karo on August 4, 1914. Rakoetta means glue in the Karo language. By giving that name, his parents hoped that Rakoetta would truly become the glue (unity) for the family and the wider community. This article is intended to re-record the struggle and dedication of Rakoetta as an exemplary figure for what is now known a “fighting” in the Indonesian politics, the Simultaneous Local Election. Rakoetta understood his sociological conditions and Karo culture well because of the influence of his parents. His knowledge of Karo culture became a strong capital in pursuing his political career during the independence struggle in North Sumatra, in addition to his formal education experience at HIS Kabanjahe and Medan Taman Siswa School between 1924 and 1930s. When in Medan, Rakoetta began to come into contact with ideas of nationalism. In Medan political organizations such as Budi Utomo, Sarekat Islam, the Indonesian Communist Party and the Indonesian National Party flourished. During the revolutionary period of independence he was actively involved as a member of Partindo, PNI, Boempa, BPI, BKR until he became regent of the revolutionary period. Rakoetta continued to serve as a Regent of Karo for two periods from 1946 to 1954, and again a Regent of Asahan concurrently Mayor of Tanjung Balai 1954-1960 and Mayor of Siantar 1960-1964. Rakoetta passed away in 1964. The story of Rakoetta’s life saves a bitter and full of ethos of struggle; consistent, resilient, tough, creative, clean and anti-corruption. There are many moral examples that should be emulated from a Rakoetta. The story of his struggle has never been written by anyone.